2012 Authors: Francesca Rossi, CADF Director Olivier Banuls, CADF Manager Mario Zorzoli, UCI Medical and Scientific Advisor ( 9 Medical and Science) Aigle, 5 th June 2013 Page 1 of 35
Contents 1. Introduction... 4 2. Overview of Activities... 5 3. Overall Testing Statistics... 7 3.1 Overall Number of Doping Controls... 7 3.2 Overall Urine EPO Tests and Percentage... 7 4. Overall IC Testing Program... 8 4.1 Overall Number of IC Tests... 8 4.2 Overall Number of EPO IC Urine Tests and Percentages... 8 4.3 Overall Number of IC Tests per Discipline... 9 4.4 Overall Distribution of IC Tests per Discipline in %.... 9 4.5 Overall Distribution of IC Tests between UCI and NADOs... 10 5. Overall OOC Testing Program... 11 5.1 Overall Number of OOC Tests... 11 5.2 Overall Number of EPO OOC Urine Tests and Percentage... 11 5.3 Overall Distribution of Tests between CADF and Partners... 12 6. Testing Program on Professional Men Road Riders... 13 6.1 Number of Professional Teams... 13 6.2 Number of Professional Men Road Riders... 13 6.3 Number of Tests on Professional Men Road Riders... 13 6.4 Number of Tests on Professional Men Road Riders per Team Type... 15 6.5 Number of Tests per Professional Men Road Rider... 15 6.6 Number of Tests per Professional Men Road Rider and Team Type... 16 6.7 Number of Urine EPO Tests on Professional Men Road Riders... 16 7. Testing Program on Standard RTP Riders... 17 7.1 Number of Standard RTP Riders per Discipline... 17 7.2 Distribution of Standard RTP Riders per Discipline... 18 7.3 Number of Tests on Standard RTP Riders... 18 7.4 Number of Tests per Standard RTP Riders... 19 7.5 Number of OOC Tests per Discipline on Standard RTP riders... 19 7.6 Distribution of OOC Tests per Discipline on Standard RTP Riders... 20 7.7 Number of urine EPO tests on Standard RTP Riders... 20 Page 2 of 35
8. 2012 Financial Report... 21 8.1 Stakeholders Contribution in CHF... 21 8.2 Distribution of Stakeholders Contribution... 21 8.3 CADF Expenses... 22 8.4 Distribution of CADF Expenses... 23 8.5 Equity... 24 9. Medical and Science... 25 10. Conclusions... 27 11. Acknowledgements... 27 12. Annexes... 28 12.1 Annex A Accredia Certificate... 28 12.2 Annex B UKAS Certificate... 29 12.3 Annex C KPMG Report... 30 Abbreviation: CADF means Cycling Anti-Doping Foundation WADA means World Anti-Doping Agency IC means In-Competition PREC means Pre-Competition OOC means Out-of-Competition RTP means Registered Testing Pool Page 3 of 35
1. Introduction This report details the principal activities of CADF in 2012 for its stakeholders, as well as sharing the year s most important information and financial results. This report is complementary to the three board meetings that were held in 2012 with representatives of the stakeholders. CADF, founded by UCI in 2008 and delegated to implement the Anti-Doping program with special attention to the BP program, has spent the first 4 years of its life developing, implementing, consolidating and improving the efficiency and quality of its activities. Due to the constant monitoring of its charges and revenues and the renegotiation of prices with services providers in 2012, CADF was able to consolidate the financial stability achieved in 2011. An analysis of the equity pattern is reported in the point 8.5. Furthermore, CADF implemented all the operational procedures in compliance with the ISO standards 9001:2008, clarifying internal and external roles and responsibilities. After achieving financial stability, the ISO certificate and the efficiency of testing activities, CADF and UCI agreed to change the governance of the Foundation by creating a new Foundation Board made up of persons not involved in the management of UCI. This project was proposed to UCI late in 2012 and was approved by the UCI Management Committee in Louisville, January 2013. While the Funding Committee, composed of stakeholders representatives, will not change, new persons independent from UCI will be appointed as members of the Foundation Board. A new group of people called CADF experts group, with experience in Anti-Doping from both scientific and strategic points of view, as well as in target testing, will be appointed in order to support the operation with high level expertise. In terms of independence, CADF appointed KPMG as the revision body which validated the 2012 accounts (see annex C). Page 4 of 35
2. Overview of Activities As anticipated, in 2012 CADF achieved the ISO certification and carried out the highest number of tests since 2010. ISO certification: All standard operating procedures written in compliance with the requirements for ISO certification 9001:2008 were finalised and implemented. For your information, the ISO project start up was in 2011. Full compliance with the ISO was declared in December 2012 and the ISO certification was awarded in March 2013 after the final audit from the Norwegian accreditation body Det Norske Veritas (DNV). The certificates are registered in the UK (UKAS) and Italy (Accredia) (see annexes A and B). Number of tests: Due to the increase in the contribution from the Professional Continental Teams and the renegotiation of prices with the sample collection agencies, CADF was able to increase the number of tests carried out in comparison to 2011, while managing the program to the same high level and reaching an overall total of 14 168 samples. While the pre-competition blood testing under the Biological Passport programme remained similar in 2012, CADF is continuing to make the IC testing programme less predictable. Furthermore, CADF is continuing to develop the blood passport and the testing programs for all disciplines and women. In 2012, WADA released the new version of the Guidelines for the Biological Passport Program. In order to guarantee the independence of the rider s profiles evaluations, CADF decided to manage the Passport Program fully in compliance with the Guidelines and to delegate the management of the pool of experts to the Athlete Passport Management Unit (APMU) based in the Lausanne Laboratory. In terms of collaboration with the other ADOs and WADA, CADF continued to share information and strategies with some NADOs and participated in scientific congresses and symposiums. The Director of CADF is still appointed as a member of the WADA laboratories experts group (the committee supervising the activities of the Anti-Doping Laboratories included in the WADA circuit). The CADF Manager is also part of the ADAMS testing group which supports WADA in the development of the system. Education was another important area of activity for CADF which participated in the 2012 UCI Junior Conference held in Limburg during the World Road Championships. Some team visits were organised upon request, to clarify the use of the new version of ADAMS and to answer riders questions directly. Page 5 of 35
It should be noted that the introduction of the new version of ADAMS did not create a major problem for the riders, with the release of an information program at the beginning of 2012. Furthermore, CADF is collaborating with UCI in the project called Changer la Culture du Dopage dans le Cyclisme (Changing the Doping culture in Cycling). The first results were presented to the teams and organisers, and work will continue this year (see page 26). Page 6 of 35
3. Overall Testing Statistics 3.1 Overall Number of Doping Controls The overall figures for the CADF testing program are reported in Table 1. The total number of tests increased in 2012 compared to 2011 (total number in 2011: 13 144). Urine 5 507 IC Tests Blood (no passport) 100 1 951 Blood Passport (Incl. 1 370 PREC) Urine 3 303 OOC Tests Blood (no passport) 40 Table 1-Overall Number of Doping Controls Blood Passport 3 267 Total 14 168 Please note that this total does not include around 600 samples collected for the medical monitoring carried out before the Grand-Tours. 3.2 Overall Urine EPO Tests and Percentage In the following table the urine samples analysed for EPO (number and percentage) are reported. Around half of the urine samples collected in the overall program, were analysed for EPO. Urine EPO 4 224 % Urine EPO 48 Table 2-Overall Urine EPO Tests and % Page 7 of 35
4. Overall IC Testing Program The number of samples collected for the IC testing program is almost half of the overall total (See Table 3). The IC testing program is an important activity as it allows CADF to test both riders in the UCI RTP and riders out of the UCI RTP as well as some areas of the world where there is still not a consistent program being implemented by the local ADOs. 4.1 Overall Number of IC Tests Urine 5 507 IC Tests Blood (no passport) 100 1 951 Blood Passport (Incl. 1 370 PREC) Table 3-Overall Number of IC Tests Total 7 558 4.2 Overall Number of EPO IC Urine Tests and Percentages The number of samples tested for EPO is 21% of the total number of 5 507 (see table 4). This percentage is limited because the tests are paid for by the organizers who sometimes have limited resources. Urine EPO 1 140 % Urine EPO 21 Table 4-Overall Number of EPO IC Urine Tests and % Page 8 of 35
4.3 Overall Number of IC Tests per Discipline Table 5 and Figure 1 illustrate the overall number of IC samples taken per discipline in 2012 (numbers and % respectively). Professional men road riders are taken into account in the statistics below and it remains the discipline which represents the majority of samples collected. Road 5 878 Mountain Bike 677 Track 461 Cyclo-Crosss 289 BMX 167 Para-Cycling 63 Other Total 23 7 558 Table 5-Overall Number of IC Tests per Discipline 4.4 Overall Distribution of IC Tests per Discipline in %. Mountain Bike 9% Track 6% Overall Distribution of IC Tests per Discipline BMX 2% Cyclo-Cross 4% Para-Cycling 1% Other 0% Road 78% Fig. 1-Overall Distribution (%) of IC Tests per Discipline Page 9 of 35
4.5 Overall Distribution of IC Tests between UCI and NADOs Another important point to report, in order to understand CADF charges regarding the IC testing activities, is the distribution of tests between UCI and NF/NADOs. Please note that CADF identifies two categories of races within the UCI international calendar: A and B A Race: CADF designates a UCI Doping Control Officer (DCO) who manages all the testing operations during the race. The organizer pays for the sample collection, transport and analysis while the CADF pays for the DCOs expenses and travel. B Race: CADF asks the National Federation to conduct testing on its behalf. The National Federation is free to delegate this responsibility to the National Anti-Doping Organization (NADO). In this case, CADF is not charged for any cost. In the following Table 6 and Figure 2, the number of races where CADF organized the tests (A races) is reported, in comparison to the number of races where CADF delegated the organization of tests to the NF (B races). In 2012, CADF was still directly managing the majority of the most important or critical races, where the local organization was unable to implement a satisfactory program or where systematic deviations (non-conformitiesduring the past few from UCI rules have been recorded years. The statistics below do not include the tests conducted before the race start (precompetition tests). Table 6-Number of A and B Races A Races 285 B Races 96 Overall Distribution of IC Tests between UCI and NADOs NF/NADO 19% UCI 81% Fig. 2-Overall Distribution (%) of IC Tests between UCI and NF/NADOs Page 10 of 35
5. Overall OOC Testing Program The numbers for the OOC testing program are reported in the Tables 7 and 8. 93% of the samples were analysed for EPO. The majority of the OOC testing samples (97%) were collected by the four sample collection service providers (IDTM, PWC, Clearidium, GQS). Only 3% were collected by NADOs (Fig.3) 5.1 Overall Number of OOC Tests Urine 3 303 OOC Tests Blood (no passport) 40 Blood Passport 3 267 Total 6 610 Table 7-Overall Number of OOC Tests 5.2 Overall Number of EPO OOC Urine Tests and Percentage Urine EPO 3084 % Urine EPO 93 Table 8-Number of Urine EPO OOC Tests and % Page 11 of 35
5.3 Overall Distribution of Tests between CADF and Partners Overall Distribution of OOC Tests between CADF and its Partners NADOs 3% Samples Collection Agencies 97% Fig. 3-Overall Distribution (%) of OOC Tests between CADF and its Partners Page 12 of 35
6. Testing Program on Professional Men Road Riders A significant share of the testing activities is implemented for professional men road riders because the professional men s cycling world finances the majority of the program. 6.1 Number of Professional Teams Table 9 shows the number of Professional Teams who participated in the Biological Passport program in 2012. Table 10, specifies how many riders are included in the program and how they are distributed among the teams. In terms of the total number of riders, there is not a big difference in comparison to 2011 when the riders totalled 955. Total Professional Teams 40 ProTeams 18 Pro Continental Teams 22 Table 9-Number of Professional Teams 6.2 Number of Professional Men Road Riders Total Riders in Professional Teams 952 Riders in ProTeams 513 Riders in Pro Continental Teams 439 Table 10-Number of Professional Men Road Riders per Team Type 6.3 Number of Tests on Professional Men Road Riders Table 11 and Figure 4 are related to the IC, PREC and OOC tests performed in 2012 on professional men road riders. The overall number of tests conducted on them is 66% of the general program (14 168 tests). The majority of the samples (urine and blood for the Biological Passport program) are collected OOC. It is interesting also to note that more samples are collected from the Pro team riders than from the ProContinental team riders (table 12). This difference is due to the IC testing program rather than the OOC testing program and it can be attributed to the lower participation of the different Pro Continental teams in the major UCI competitions. Page 13 of 35
Urine 1 825 IC Tests Blood (no passport) 83 1 686 Blood Passport (Incl. 1 119 PREC) Urine 2 825 OOC Tests Blood (no passport) 38 Blood Passport 2 839 Total 9 296 Table 11-Number of Tests on Professional Men Road Riders Graphical Representation of Tests on Professional Men Road Riders 3000 2500 2000 1500 1000 500 0 Urine Blood (except Blood Passport) Blood Passport (incl. 1'119 before start) Urine Blood (except Blood Passport) Blood Passport Number of Tests In-Competition Out-of-Competition Figure 4-Graphical Representation of Tests on Professional Men Road Riders Page 14 of 35
6.4 Number of Tests on Professional Men Road Riders per Team Type ProTeam Riders Pro Continental Team Riders Urine 1 252 573 IC Tests Blood (no passport) 76 7 1 404 282 Blood Passport (Incl. 889 PREC) (Incl. 230 PREC) Urine 1 586 1 239 OOC Tests Blood (no passport) 38 - Blood Passport 1 534 1 305 Total 5 890 3 406 Table 12-Number of Tests on Professional Men Road Riders per Team Type 6.5 Number of Tests per Professional Men Road Rider The number of urine samples collected from each rider increased in 2012 from 2 to 3 in the OOC testing program. The number of urine samples taken was increased to anticipate the implementation of the steroid profile. This led to an increase in the average number of samples per rider to 9.7, as shown in Table 13 compared to 9.1 per rider in 2011. Table 14 specifies the average number of tests performed on each rider depending on the team type. Urine 1.9 IC Tests Blood (mainly Blood Passport) 1.8 Urine 3 OOC Tests Blood (mainly Blood Passport) 3 Total 9.7 Table 13- Number of Tests per Professional Men Road Rider Page 15 of 35
6.6 Number of Tests per Professional Men Road Rider and Team Type Rider in ProTeam Rider in Pro Continental Team Urine 2.5 1.3 IC Tests Blood (mainly Blood Passport) 2.9 0.7 Urine 3.1 2.8 OOC Tests Blood (mainly Blood Passport) 3.1 3.0 Total 11.6 7.8 Table 14- Number of Tests per Professional Men Road Rider and Team Type 6.7 Number of Urine EPO Tests on Professional Men Road Riders It is also important to highlight that around 73 % of all urine samples collected from professional men road riders in 2012 were analyzed for EPO (see table 15 below). Urine EPO 3 395 % Urine EPO 73 Table 15-Number of urine EPO Tests on Professional Men Road Riders and % Page 16 of 35
7. Testing Program on Standard RTP Riders 7.1 Number of Standard RTP Riders per Discipline Professional men road riders (in UCI Pro and Conti Pro Teams) are not included in the CADF Standard Testing Program. The distribution of riders per discipline in the UCI RTP for the Standard Testing Program is reported in Table 16 and Figure 5. Road 43 Track 30 Mountain Bike 34 BMX 15 Cyclo-Cross 16 Para-Cycling 15 Total 153 Table 16-Number of Standard RTP Riders per Discipline Page 17 of 35
7.2 Distribution of Standard RTP Riders per Discipline It is interesting to note that the distribution of riders in the standard RTP is well balanced between Road, Mountain Bike and Track riders. Distribution of Standard RTP Riders per Discipline Para-Cycling Cyclo-Cross 10% BMX 10% 10% Mountain Bike 22% Road 28% Track 20% Figure 5-Distribution (%) of Standard RTP Riders per Discipline 7.3 Number of Tests on Standard RTP Riders Testing Statistics in 2012 for the Standard RTP riders included in the UCI RTP are reported in Table 17. More tests were performed in 2012 than in 2011 (overall number in 2011: 751) with the average number of tests performed on each rider totalling 7.4, as reported in Table 18. Urine 348 IC Tests Blood (no passport) 6 80 Blood Passport (all PREC) Urine 485 OOC Tests Blood (no passport) - Blood Passport 216 Total 1 135 Table 17-Number of Tests on Standard RTP Riders Page 18 of 35
7.4 Number of Tests per Standard RTP Riders Urine 2.3 IC Tests Blood (mainly Blood Passport) 0.5 Urine 3.2 OOC Tests Blood (mainly Blood Passport) 1.4 Total 7.4 Table 18-Number of Tests per Standard RTP Rider 7.5 Number of OOC Tests per Discipline on Standard RTP riders Table 19 and Figure 6 illustrate the number of OOC- samples collected per discipline in 2012. 42% of the samples were analyzed for EPO (see Table 20). More tests were performed on road riders than in the other disciplines. Road (Women, U23, Reinstated) 325 Mountain Bike 249 Track 132 Cyclo-Cross 115 BMX 61 Para-Cycling 37 Total 919 Table 19-Number of OOC Tests per Discipline on Standard RTP Riders Page 19 of 35
7.6 Distribution of OOC Tests per Discipline on Standard RTP Riders Distribution of OOC Tests per Discipline on Standard RTP Riders Cyclo-Cross 13% BMX 7% Para-Cycling 4% Road 35% Track 14% Mountain Bike 27% Fig. 6- Distribution (%) of OOC Tests per Discipline on Standard RTP Riders 7.7 Number of urine EPO tests on Standard RTP Riders Urine EPO 257 % Urine EPO 42 Table 20-Number of Urine EPO Tests on Standard RTP Riders Page 20 of 35
8. 2012 Financial Report 8.1 Stakeholders Contribution in CHF Table 21 shows the financial the fight against doping: contribution in kchf of the different stakeholders in 2012 to UCI ProTeams 2'606 UCI Continental Pro Teams 2'114 UCI 1'100 Organisers 974 Riders Total 260 7'055 Table 21-Stakeholders Contribution in kchf 8.2 Distribution of Stakeholders Contribution The financial contribution of Figure 7: the stakeholders (in terms of percentage) in 2012 is shown in Distribution of the Stakeholders' Contribution Riders 4% UCI 15% Organizers 14% UCI ProTeams 37% UCI Continental Pro Teams 30% Fig. 7-Distribution (%) of the Stakeholders Contribution Page 21 of 35
8.3 CADF Expenses CADF expenses are reported in Table 22 in kchf. The stakeholders contribution is allocated to all the Anti-Doping activities, CADF operational costs included. Some costs, as operational costs, projects, DCO training, material (*) cannot be specifically quantified since they are attributed to all disciplines. Yet, the major part of expenses concerns Professional Men Road Riders. Expenses Direct costs concerning Professional Men Road Riders Direct costs OOC Testing Program IC Testing Program Biological Passport Expertise 3'650 3 475 950 477 275 275 Indirect costs CADF Operational Charges 1'600 * Projects (incl. ISO, Education) 200 * DCO Training 100 * Collection Material 62 * Total 6'837 - Table 22-CADF Expenses in kchf Page 22 of 35
Costs related to Professional Men Road Riders represent 87 % of the total of direct costs. 6000 5000 4000 3000 2000 Other athletes Pro Men Road Riders 1000 0 OOC Testing Program IC Testing Program Biological Passport Expertise Total Fig.8-Distribution (%) of costs related to Professional Men Road Riders 8.4 Distribution of CADF Expenses Figure 9 shows the distribution of CADF expenses in 2012. Projects (incl. ISO, Education) 3% Biological Passport Expertise 4% IC Testing Program 14% Distribution of CADF Expenses DCO Training 2% Collection Material 1% CADF Operational Costs 23% OOC Testing Program 53% Fig.9-Distribution (%) of CADF Expenses Page 23 of 35
The Continental Pro teams and the Professional teams are still the main contributors to CADF s activities. But it is also true that almost all of CADF s activities are directly or indirectly dedicated to them. 8.5 Equity During CADF's initial phase with the implementation of the biological passport (2008-2009), the income was not sufficient to cover costs which undermined the equity of the Foundation. However, a surplus of income between 2010 and 2012 has helped to rectify the situation and rebuild the capital, in particular thanks to the efforts made by CADF in terms of the renegotiation of prices, selection of service providers and re-organization of the activities. This is shown in Figure 10 below. 800 600 400 200 0-200 -400-600 -800-1000 -1200 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 Yearly result -467-640 590 365 146 Equity -366-1007 -289 76 222 Fig.10-Equity Pattern between 2008 and 2012 Page 24 of 35
9. Medical and Science CADF and UCI participated together in the project called Changer la Culture du Dopage dans le Cyclisme (Changing the Doping culture in Cycling). Education plays a major role in the prevention of doping. If a good testing plan is a core element of an efficient anti-doping program, prevention is as important, if not more important. It is known that athletes are very often influenced in the choices they make or the decisions they take by other people in their immediate environment: teammates, coaches, sport directors, doctors, soigneurs, etc.. If we want to change the culture of doping in cycling, we have to understand all the different peculiarities of the interaction between an athlete and his environment. Accordingly, CADF has contributed financially to a pilot study conducted by the Sport Sciences Institute of the University of Lausanne. The aim was to understand the environment within a professional team and identify the possible indicators that could be used to assess the risk of doping. The study involved direct interviews with the different components of a professional team, from riders to sports directors, from doctors to sponsors or team managers. They evaluated the structure and organisation of a team; how individual competences are applied in regard to training, recovery and medical care; how the functioning of a team is influenced by the sponsor and by the financial resources available. Finally, they have analysed the database of the professional peloton to understand if age, length of contract or other factors could play a role in the decision to dope, or not to dope. The first preliminary results show that it is possible to create a model to analyse the culture within a cycling team based onhow performance is sought, how the team is organised, how the human resources and competences are exploited and finally how the financial resources are allocated. As a consequence, the study demonstrates that it is possible to use a tool to evaluate the risk of doping within a team and to offer a best practice model which will be more efficient in preventing doping. Because the pilot project has been a success, and the results have been presented to the CPA and to all professional teams, it has been decided to continue with this research in 2013, with the addition of more teams giving greater weight to the results. It is also important to mention two other important activities conducted jointly by CADF and UCI in 2012: In May, we were invited to the WADA Symposium, on the Haematological Module of the Biological Passport, attended by more than 30 anti-doping organisations and where we presented the experience gathered within the Athlete Biological Passport program: Page 25 of 35
In September, during the Road World Championships, we animated a session on the risks of nutritional supplements at the Junior Conference, which was attended by all the junior riders competing in the event. Page 26 of 35
10. Conclusions In terms of activities, 2012 was a positive year for the Foundation. The attainment of the ISO 9001:2008 and the financial stability achieved allowed CADF to increase efficiency and to be in a position to change governance, in order to reinforce and validate its autonomy from UCI. A greater emphasis was put on Education in 2012 and more activities have been already programmed for 2013. Once again the stakeholders financial contributions have been fundamental in 2012. It is thanks to the cycling world that CADF can continue its activities also in 2013 with the fight against doping as a primary target but also can contribute to the education of young riders as a base to prevent the doping culture into the next generations. 11. Acknowledgements The Foundation continued to carry out its difficult mission in 2012 despite it being a very difficult year for the cycling world. This was possible thanks to the stakeholders who continue to believe in us and support us financially but, above all, it is thanks to CADF staff, who continue to work with the same total commitment every single day whatever the circumstances. I would like also to thank all the UCI departments and the UCI Directors, for their collaboration and support in our daily activities. Page 27 of 35
12. Annexes The ISO certificates from Accredia and UKAS are reported. 12.1 Annex A Accredia Certificate Page 28 of 35
12.2 Annex B UKAS Certificate Page 29 of 35
12.3 Annex C KPMG Report Page 30 of 35
Page 31 of 35
Page 32 of 35
Page 33 of 35
Page 34 of 35
Page 35 of 35