Olav Hauso Special Adviser Petroleum Safety Authority, Norway (PSA)
Holism (from Greek: "all, whole, entire"): Is the idea that systems and their properties should be viewed as a whole, not as a collection of parts. Their functioning cannot be fully understood solely in terms of their component parts.
PSA Main priorities 2016 Safe late life Ensuring safe operation of fields and installations approaching end of production Management responsibility Focusing on management attention to HSE work The far north Focusing on challenges of oil and gas exploration and production in northern areas Barriers Integration of technical, operational and organisational barriers elements to minimize risk
Framework Reg., Section 11 - Risk reduction principles Harm or danger of harm to people, the environment or material assets shall be prevented or limited in accordance with the health, safety and environment legislation, including internal requirements and acceptance criteria that are of significance for complying with requirements in this legislation. In addition, the risk shall be further reduced to the extent possible. In reducing the risk, the responsible party shall choose the technical, operational or organisational solutions that, according to an individual and overall evaluation of the potential harm and present and future use, offer the best results, provided the costs are not significantly disproportionate to the risk reduction achieved.
Management Reg., Section 4 - Risk reduction In reducing risk as mentioned in Section 11 of the Framework Regulations, the responsible party shall select technical, operational and organisational solutions that reduce the likelihood that harm, errors, hazard and accident situations occur.
Risk management use of analyses and studies to support decisions significant for the risk associated with the activity. Risk identification An approach to technical, operational and organizational elements to identify possible risk Risk assessment Establishing the risk picture and defining the need for barriers to reduce risk to an acceptable level.
Risk management Risk management starts from the early design phases and carries on in the operations phase. Selecting and designing measures to manage a specific threat Ensuring that safety measures are relevant, effective and robust. Management of probability reducing safety measures is a continuous process.
Management Reg., Section 5 - Barriers Barriers shall be established that at all times can a) identify conditions that can lead to failures, hazard and accident situations, b) reduce the possibility of failures, hazard and accident situations occurring and developing, c) limit possible harm and inconveniences.
Barrier management Coordination of activities to establish and maintain barriers so that they maintain their function at all times. Establishing and maintaining barriers to reduce the likelihood of incidents and/or by limiting the consequences should such an incident occur. In processes, systems, solutions and activities, ensuring the necessary risk reduction to an acceptable level.
This means? Developing robust and specific barrier strategies. Designing barrier functions considering operational, organizational and technical barrier elements. Defining the barrier performance requirements. Considering Performance Influencing Factors (PIF) Considering uncertainty Ensuring the relation between barrier management and risk management.
Barrier strategy (pr accidental event) Establish a main barrier strategy based on risk evaluation Select events that are decisive for the layout and design of barriers Understand and evaluate causes and consequences Establish main performance requirements for barriers
Barrier management and barriers One of the key challenges related to barrier management is the concepts, terms and definitions used or what we have denoted "the chaos of terms". This jungle of terms certainly represents a challenge in the communication between the blunt and the sharp end in that they are struggling to understand the differences and connections between these terms. (Sintef report A26845 2015) (What about using the terms safety measures or probability reducing measures?)
The Swiss Cheese Model
Applied in (manned) underwater operations? Technical elements Principles in design of technical equipment (ref e.g. the Machinery Directive and the requirement for «build in safety») Use of regulations, technical standards and norms Selection of vessel (requirements/capabilities ) Tools/special equipment Qualification of new technology Maintenance Testing
Organisational elements Project organisation Engineering work force Engineering quality and transfer to operations Planning work force Diving team selection Competence and maintaining competence Training/familiarization Exercize Long duration projects and several teams
Operational elements Operation suitable for diver intervention? Quality in engineering Transfer of engineering work to operational work procedures Planning Competence and maintaining competence (individuals and teams) Management of change Adherence to procedures Work description Normal diving procedures Emergency diving procedures Contingency procedures
Summary Safety for the diver starts with the definition of the job to be done, continues in the engineers office, and is complemented by numerous contributors from start till finish. Management of risk/safe diving operations need to establish and maintain barrier functions by managing the chain of contributors influensing safety elements of a technical, organizational and operational nature. Be shore to see all the individual contributions as vital within the holistic perspective of making safe operations.
Complex work Performed by Complex organizations Using Complex machines Requires Robust risk and safety management And Shipspotting.com Robust and competent people all the way
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