Sridhar Palaniswamy Assistant Professor, Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, Faculty of Engineering,Karpagam University, Echanari post,coimbatore, Tamil Nadu-India 641021 capsridhar@gmail.com Abstract- The proposed system is to save life from the bore wells. Small children without noticing the hole dug for the bore well slip in and get trapped. Since the holes are dug too deep it is quite impossible to save life. The fire force and medical team find it difficult to rescue children due to unknown levels of humidity, temperature and oxygen in the depths of the bore well. Rescue work can be a long drawn affair lasting close to thirty hours. The time taken is long enough to kill a precious life. Even if rescued the child may die due to injuries sustained. This has created an open challenge to the field of medicine, rescue and the whole human society. To aid in such rescue we have proposed a system that will easily rescue within two hours of time without any major injury. By that a precious life can be saved, hardly nineteen incidents happened from 2004 till date. Keywords- method of rescue, rescue operation INTRODUCTION Today s major problem faced by human society is water scarcity, which leads to a large number of bore wells being sunk. These bore wells in turn have started to take many innocent lives. Bores which yielded water and subsequently got depleted are left uncovered. A suitably strong cap of bright colour to cover the mouth of the bore will avoid such accidents. Small children without noticing the hole, dug for the bore well slip in and get trapped. Human search of water finally has ended in disaster. Since the holes are dug too deep it is quite impossible to save life. The fire force and medical team find it difficult to rescue children due to unknown levels of humidity, temperature and oxygen in the depths of the bore well. Rescue work can be a long drawn affair lasting close to thirty hours. The time taken is long enough to kill a precious life. Even if rescued the child may die due to injuries sustained. This has created an open challenge to the field of medicine, rescue and the whole human society. Fig. 1 A typical bore well. With casing pipe removed, an original 6 inch bore can be up to 10 inch diia in the upper part. We had tried to source this equipment from mine rescue companies in Canada & the U.S.A. Unfortunately only methods to apply in open mines and mine shafts are available with them and no company or agency has methods to achieve a narrow bore well rescue. 50.1
Sridhar Palaniswamy totally avoided 220 volts to prevent electrocution. Pulling up the child is made possible by special graspers, which can lock on shoulder area wrist or ankle of the child. These have been specially designed and fabricated to provide open close control at one end and facility to extend it by adding additional pipe lengths. Currently we have equipments to work up to 100 feet. Stabilizing the ground around the bore and spreading the weight of equipment have been considered and a platform to achieve this is also made. Fig. 2 Following one such attempt a dead child being carried away. Apart from a seven year old who died in this manner in Dindigul district all other cases involve smaller children below five years. We have documentary proof of such deaths, which were widely published. All of these children were alive and died just before their rescue is an important point. The question remains how many missing children met their ends in this gruesome manner and were not reported. To aid in such rescue we have proposed a system. Methods to keep a child alive in a bore should take in to consideration the lack of oxygen, increased temperatures and humidity, which produces hyperthermia. These problems are addressed with fresh air delivery with or without delivery of oxygen. A hand-powered equipment to deliver fresh air inside bore is being designed. This method brings down temperature and delivers fresh air. Though we have separate electric vacuum machineries, these are kept as stand by as sites may not have electrical point nearby Visualizing the child is made possible with infrared waterproof CCD cameras and a portable high resolution TV Monitor. The camera is suspended in a 200 feet cable. The equipment is designed to operate off the 12- volt battery of the rescue vehicle. We have Fig. 3 Existing methodology. Fig.4 Frantic efforts: Earthmovers being used on Thursday to remove mud and rocks from the tunnel being dug to reach the four-year-old girl stuck in a bore well in Devar Nimbargi village in Bijapur district-the hindu news Friday, Sep 04, 2009 From the Fig.1 we can able to see the trapped child inside the bore well, and the news was covered in the news papers (refer Fig.2) for the sample coverage.and the rescue process that is handled by the Special Issue of the International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, Vol. 19 No. SP1, June, 2011 50.2
team is shown in the Fig.3 continuing the same the dead body of the rescued child is carried out in Fig 4. The critical rescue process in the past that can be viewed from the Fig.5. Literature Survey Forty five deaths of children have been reported in the country since September 2001. From that we have only Nineteen with the proof of news paper that shown below. Their deaths are caused due to uncovered dry bore wells. When the casing pipes costing hardly Rs.2000-3000/- are removed, even a six inch bore became wider and trap an unwary child. In the recent history of the country, only one child Sandhya of Bellary on April 11, 2002, And Prince from Haryana, was rescued alive from bore well. Six year old boy Deivaraj on June 8, 2004 was rescued from the bore well, but later died in the hospital due to injuries during the rescue operation and lack of medical aid. Usual method followed by the rescue team is first to find the depth of the child in the bore well by using a rope. After finding the depth, a parallel pit is digged using earthmoving vehicles. This method of rescuing has following difficulties, It takes up to 30 hours to dig the parallel pit, by that time the child would have died. Lack of oxygen inside the bore well. Lack of visualization causes the major difficulty during the rescue operation. There is no such special equipment for rescuing the child trapped inside the bore well. The Following Table no: 1 shows the number of incidents occurred around the country since 2001. TABLE 1 INCIDENTS OCCURRED IN AND AROUND THE COUNTRY Incident flow Chart 50.3
Sridhar Palaniswamy Operating Procedure Fig. 6 Rescue Operation-(THE HINDU) It rescued because of availability of parallel pit Even though they done the process after 48 hours If not- what s the fact? What will happen when heavy machinery is digging the parallel pit? This leads very high vibration inside the bore well. It causes physical and mental damage to the child. Fig. 7 operating procedure The rescue is carried out in the following steps Avoid rushing everybody to the bore well Fix the platform on the well so that the central hole of the platform is above the well. Don t allow more than two or three persons to stand on the platform Guide the 12 long pipe attached to the blower in to the well and admit fresh air into the well. Guide the Camera attached with the wire into the well carefully, till it reaches the child, watching the monitor carefully. The marking on the wire of the camera gives the depth at which the child is trapped, and the image on the monitor gives the position in which the child is entrapped. The position of entrapping advises you the type of the grasper to be used in the rescue. Lift the camera up and fit it on the grasper. Attach the connecting pipe, connecting rod and the safety belt to the grasper. Allow only two persons on the platform and carefully guide the whole assembly Special Issue of the International Journal of the Computer, the Internet and Management, Vol. 19 No. SP1, June, 2011 50.4
in the well. Watching the position of the child on the monitor, make the grasper to hold the body position of the child, guiding it from platform by operating the connecting rod assembly. Now the grasper clasps the child safely and delicately and the child is lifted up to safety. The whole operation takes about 10 minutes time to complete. Method Of Rescuing The first step is to visualize the child this is done by lowering the CCD Camera inside the bore well. With the aid of CCD camera the location (depth) and position of the child can be determined. Using the blower fresh air is supplied to the child through hoses. Type of grasper and grasper arm is selected based up on the position of the child. Assembling the mechanical unit for the required depth. With the aid of both visualizing and mechanical unit the child can be grasped. After grasping, the child can be rescued. After the rescue, first aid is to be provided to the child by the medical team. Special Graspers Pulling of child is made possible by special graspers, which can grasp the shoulder or the wrist or the ankle of the child. These have been specially designed and fabricated to provide open and close control at one end and facility to extend it by adding additional pipes. A safety rope is provided which acts as a support for the grasper. It is possible to lower the grasper up to 40 feet inside the bore well and the depth of reach can be increased by adding pipes. Testing The whole system was going to be tested by using a child model (toy) in a real dry bore well. Initially the child model was made to trap inside the bore well (approximately to 15 feet depth). Then using the visualizing unit, the location and position of child model (toy) was determined. Using the blower, fresh air was supplied through the hoses. The grasping arm and the grasper were selected based upon the position of the child model (toy). Assembling the mechanical unit for the required depth and child model (toy) was recovered. The total time taken for the rescuing operation was one hour. CONCLUSION We like to conclude with the help of my Research project I am able to rescue without any damage. We have proposed and fabricated a system to achieve a live rescue. The technique is simple and can be easily learnt. REFERENCE This is an innovative work so there is no existing work done in the Journals, proof can be referred by the following links [1] http://www.in.com/news/current-affairs/fullstory- warangal-2yearold-boy-falls-in-borewell- 12452271-814cef93ee89e8cf7beb247ce7d05e2d0ff268-1.html [2] http://www.hinduonnet.com/2004/02/15/stories/2 004021503870400.html [3] http://www.ndtv.com/article/cities/4-year-oldboy-dies-in-borewell-15504 [4] http://www.ndtv.com/news/cities/warangal_2- year old_boy_falls_in_borewell.php 50.5