Introduction to transport policies in San Sebastián 28-30 October 2009 San Sebastián Gerardo Lertxundi Director Mobility and Dbus San Sebastián City Council
General considerations A change in mobility habits is essential. The seriousness of climate change is real. A need exists for changes in land use: higher density, employment distribution etc. This is a global phenomenon: Every developed city suffers from traffic congestion.
General considerations In general terms, road capacity (measured in persons/hour) is much higher than the capacity of public transport. Because work is one of the main reasons behind mobility, the current location of places of work is one of the reasons for congestion. Dissuasory policies involving tolls and car parks are a basic tool for changing mobility habits.
General considerations Users of means of collective transport should be favoured with exclusive or preferential roadways. Public transport needs competitive times and convenient frequencies. Improvement of bottlenecks is especially required if mobility is to be improved. Accidents are largely influenced by congestion.
San Sebastián has spent years working for Sustainable Mobility. This has resulted in the creation of the recent ambitious 2008-2024 Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan
2008-2024 DONOSTIA MOBILITY PLAN GOALS 1. Contributing to greater quality of life for the population. 2. Contributing to significant lowering of the environmental impact caused by transport. 3. Achieving a better energy balance. 4. Contributing to the promotion of sustainable urban development.
2008-2024 DONOSTIA MOBILITY MOBILITY POLICIES IN THE PLAN 1. Encouraging non-motorised transport. 2. Fostering greater weight for public transport against private vehicles in the distribution of traffic. 3. Achieving a more rational and environmentally-friendly use of urban public spaces. 4. Influencing the mobility behaviour of San Sebastián residents. 5. Contributing to sustainable planning of urban development.
Current mobility situation in San Sebastián
Mobility in San Sebastián DECISIONS that are sometimes right, sometimes not so, sometimes easy, sometimes difficult, Cycle lane in Paseo de La Concha by removing part of the roadway for motor traffic. Extension of bus lanes, e.g. in Gran Vía. Increasing the number of parking spaces in the city centre. Zonas 30. 30-km/h traffic-calming zones. The decisions taken by the Mobility Department are always initially subject to criticism. The results are seen in the long term. A good deal of courage is needed to take decisions that lead in the right direction.
Mobility in San Sebastián. Population data The population of the province of Gipuzkoa is 686,665 inhabitants. San Sebastián accounts for 26.3% of the population of Gipuzkoa. The Donostialdea region accounts for 46.1 % of the population of Gipuzkoa. Some 73.9% of the population of Gipuzkoa live in a 25-km radius around San Sebastián. The population of San Sebastián is evenly spread throughout the different districts. No district has more than 15% of the city's population. A significant part of San Sebastián's population lives in elevated areas
Donostia - San Sebastián Geography: River Urumea Sea Elevated areas
Donostia - San Sebastián Parte Vieja 7.930 inhab. Gros 20.102 inhab. Ulia Ategorrieta 4.027 inhab. Bidebieta Herrera 9.208 inhab. Igeldo 1.042 inhab. El Antiguo Ondarreta Benta Berri 15.215 inhab. Aiete Seminario 14.431 inhab. Centro Miraconcha 15.470 inhab. Egia 15.252 inhab. Intxaurrondo 16.456 inhab. Altza 19.551 inhab. Ibaeta Lorea Añorga 11.191 inhab. Amara Berri 26.060 inhab. Martutene Loiola 7.440 inhab. Donostia - San Sebastián: 182,873 habitantes Donostia - San Sebastián: 183.656 inhabitants
Hondarribia 16.118 inhab. DONOSTIA SAN SEBASTIÁN Pasaia 15.903 inhab. Errentería 37.981 inhab. Oiartzun 9.769 inhab. Irún 60.347 inhab. Zarautz 22.254 inhab. Usurbil 5.729 inhab. Lasarte 17.665 inhab. Astigarraga 4.488 inhab. Hernani 19.104 inhab. Urnieta 6.011 inhab. Andoain 14.395 inhab. Donostia - San Sebastián: 183.656 inhabitants Area surrounding Donostia - San Sebastián: 247,449 inhabitants Tolosa 17.685 inhab. Total: 431.105 inhabitants
Mobility in San Sebastián. Vehicle data Car ownership rates have doubled in the last 20 years. San Sebastián has 420 cars/1,000 inhabitants, which equates to 75,811 cars. Gipuzkoa has 435 cars/1,000 inhabitantes, which equates to 298,458 cars. For the nostalgic amongst you: The city is very different from what it was 100, 50 and even 20 years ago.
Mobility in San Sebastián. Journey data Every day 737,888 journeys are made that start or finish in San Sebastián. 416,409 are internal journeys made within the city (56.4%) 96.2% are journeys made within Gipuzkoa. The weighting of journeys starting or finishing outside Gipuzkoa is minimal (3.8%). The weighting of journeys made between the city and the province is particularly significant.
Mobility in San Sebastián. Internal journey data In internal journeys the predominant means of 18.782 2.925 transport 6.003 are: 4,5% 0,7% 1,4% Foot 43.6% Collective transport (bus) 26%. 93.474 181.693 22,4% 43,6% Cars come in third place with 22.1% of journeys. Over 70% of car journeys are made with a single passenger. Motorcycles 102.238 (4.5%) and bicycles 11.296 (2.7%) also 24,6% have a role. 2,7% ANDANDO BICICLETA AUTOBÚS AUTOMOVIL FERROCARRIL MOTO OTROS
Mobility in San Sebastián. SS-Gipuzkoa journey data In SS-Gipuzkoa 227 28.893 journeys, 4.725 the car takes the lion's share 0,0% 3,9% 0,6% 47.500 with 63.9%. 6,4% 212.666 Collective means of transport have 28,8% much lower use than cars. Buses have a 12.6% share and trains (Eusko tren and Renfe) have 11.1%. 295.464 At 2.4% and 0.8%, respectively, motorcycles 40,0% and bicycles have a far lesser role than in the city. 148.413 20,1% NO MOTORIZADOS AUTOBUS AUTOMOVIL FERROCARRIL AVION MOTO OTROS
Mobility in San Sebastián. Journey data Generally, men use cars and motorcycles more than women. Women use public transport and walk much more than men. Only the youngest men use public transport more than cars. Few men between the ages of 20 and 44 walk. Students make greater use of Public transport 29.7%. Retired people in particular make journeys on foot 71.4% and by public transport 15.9%.
Mobility in San Sebastián. Bicycle journey data 11,296 bicycle journeys per day. These account for 2.7% of journeys. They are especially used in the flat, lowerlying districts: Centre, Gros, Antiguo, Old Town and Amara, in this order. Bicycles are mainly used for studies (34.2%) and work (30.2%). They are also used for shopping (12.0%) and leisure (11.8%).
Mobility in San Sebastián. Public transport journey data 108,241 daily internal journeys on public transport (almost all by bus) and 87,672 journeys between the province and SS (bus and train). Bus use in the city is higher than in other cities. Bus journeys greatly outnumber car journeys in the central and flat districts of the city: Centre, Amara and Antiguo. Bus journeys now outnumber car journeys in elevated areas: Egia, Intxaurrondo, Aiete, Altza, Public transport is clearly exceeded by car use in all links with the province.
Urban public transport in San Sebastián Compañía del Tranvía de San Sebastián - DBUS City Buses 28 13 5 17 26 33 14 25 27 Amara Sanitaria 15.099 Altza 11.473 Benta Berri 7.306 Gros-Amara 4.712 Amara-Martutene 4.446 Larratxo-Intx-Berio 4.498 Bidebieta 4.333 BentaBerri-Añorga 4.319 Altza-Intx.-Antiguo 3.560 18 28 5 29 23 17 9 8 14 2413 24 9 29 8 Altza-Gros-Antig. 3.537 16 Egia-Intxaurrondo 3.573 Intxaurrondo Sur 3.396 Gros-Intxaurrondo 2.744 33 27 19 40 Gros-Antiguo-Igara 2.360 Otras Líneas 14.114 31 26 25 Bus Urbano: 85,086 viajeros/día City Bus: 89,470 passengers/day
Interurban Services Interurban Buses Interurban public transport in SS A H A I I I Irún 343 Hondarribia 540 Pasaia 3.885 A I H H A I Errentería 6.470 H Oiartzun 1.064 A A Astigarraga 1.055 G Hernani 4.118 H G Urnieta 405 G Andoáin 1.478 T Tolosa 666 T Lasarte 2.769 Z Zarautz 1.828 Resto Gipuzkoa 4.994 Z Z T G A (Mobility to/from San Sebastián) City Bus: 89,470 passengers/day Interurban Bus: 29,615 passengers/day
Interurban Services RENFE - TOPO Rail transport in San Sebastián RENFE TOPO Irún 3.258 3.542 Hondarribia Pasaia 736 1.251 Errentería 938 5.112 Oiartzun 274 Hernani 1.036 Urnieta 1.115 Andoáin 1.281 Tolosa 2.082 Lasarte 5.117 Rest of Gipuzkoa 3.879 (Mobility to/from San Sebastián) Interurban rail services: 29,950 passengers/day Total Buses and Trains: 149,035 passengers/day
Bus Lanes in San Sebastián San Sebastián Bus Lanes: 9,328 metres (1,660 metres protected) Some 17% of the kilometres travelled by DBUS users are in bus lanes Reina Regente 7.936 Passengers/day Boulevard 17.033 Passengers/day Zurriola 7.936 Passengers/day Gran Vía 11.786 Passengers/day Iparragirre 5.376 Passengers/day Miracruz 15.669 Passengers/day Hernani Okendo 23.656 Passengers/day 17.033 Passengers/day Zubieta Etxaide 23.656 Passengers/day 10.863 Passengers/day Urbieta + Easo 28.586 Passengers/day San Martín 10.863 Passengers/day Sancho el Sabio (out) 11.671 Passengers/day Sancho el Sabio (back) 12.238 Passengers/day Tolosa (2 ways) 17.537 Passengers/day Madrid (2 ways) 22.393 Passengers/day Donostia - San Sebastián: 1,060 m. Protected Donostia - San Sebastián: 6,068 m. Without protecting The commercial speed of DBUS buses is 16.5 km/h
Mobility in San Sebastián Car vs Other Means of Transport (Bus Motorcycle Bicycle Foot) Zonas de Alta Utilización del Transporte Público ONE BUS EVERY 6-7 min. Zonas de Alta Utilización del coche ONE BUS EVERY 7-30 min. Parte Vieja Gros Ulia-Ategorrieta Bidebieta Egia El Antiguo Ondarreta Benta Berri Centro Miraconcha Intxaurrondo Altza Aiete Seminario Igeldo Ibaeta Lorea Añorga Amara Berri Martutene Loiola Car Bus Other
Mobility in the San Sebastián surrounding area Car vs Other Means of Transport (Bus Motorcycle Bicycle Foot) Hondarribia DONOSTIA SAN SEBASTIÁN Pasaia Irún Errentería Oiartzun Usurbil Lasarte Hernani Astigarraga Urnieta Andoain Car Bus + Train
Mobility in San Sebastián. Evolution 2002-2006 The total number of journeys has increased by 1.5%. The number of internal journeys is tending to decrease and the journeys to/from Donostialdea has grown. In the total number of journeys made, car use has increased by 1%, bus use has increased by 1% and motorcycle use has increased by 2%. Walking has decreased by 4%.
Mobility in San Sebastián. Evolution 2002-2006 In internal journeys: - The car has lost 6%. - Walking has decreased by 6%. - Bus use has increased by 6%. - Motorcycle use has increased by 3 % - Bicycle use has increased by 2%.
Mobility in San Sebastián. By age groups Journeys to/from San Sebastián: 0-19 20-44 45-64 65 and over TOTAL FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE NON-MOTORISED 27.663 33.332 36.680 18.790 45.411 31.224 12.931 6.635 212.666 MOTORISED CAR 11.825 10.752 62.138 76.839 51.785 67.592 7.083 7.450 295.464 BUS 24.266 26.320 29.797 12.852 38.906 9.570 5.203 1.499 148.413 TRAIN 3.352 4.006 16.267 4.351 12.706 3.568 2.700 550 47.500 MOTORCYCLE 1.636 1.636 5.026 16.200 1.476 2.919 28.893 PLANE 227 227 OTHERS 205 1.200 908 2.112 156 145 4.725 TOTAL 68.946 77.244 149.909 129.940 152.396 115.100 28.075 16.278 737.888 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 57,9% 80,1% 71,1% 55,6% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% 42,1% 19,9% 28,9% 44,4% 0-19 20-44 45-64 65 y más No Motorizados Motorizados
Mobility in San Sebastián. By age groups Intra-municipal journeys: 0-19 20-44 45-64 65 and over Total FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE FEMALE MALE NON-MOTORISED FOOT 24.239 31.270 32.578 10.960 41.385 24.198 11.590 5.473 181.693 BICYCLE 2.454 818 5.296 770 1.771 188 11.296 MOTORISED CAR 6.794 6.080 23.946 21.210 16.335 16.866 1.024 1.218 93.474 BUS 14.885 19.384 22.240 6.813 27.134 6.758 4.007 1.016 102.238 TRAIN 1.557 1.914 1.788 745 6.003 MOTORCYCLE 1.636 1.636 4.452 9.583 295 1.180 18.782 OTHERS 629 454 1.541 156 145 2.925 TOTAL 50.007 60.556 85.947 56.104 88.205 50.773 16.777 8.039 416.409 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 47,3% 64,9% 50,4% 29,6% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 52,7% 35,1% 49,6% 70,4% 0% 0-19 20-44 45-64 65 y más No Motorizados Motorizados
2008-2024 DONOSTIA MOBILITY ACTION PLANS 1. Pedestrian mobility Donostia Camina Plus Vertical public transport Elimination of barriers for persons with reduced mobility 2. Cyclist mobility Bicycle plan Improved cyclist intermodality with PT Bicycle hire
2008-2024 DONOSTIA MOBILITY ACTION PLANS 3. Public transport Reserved platforms Urban bicycle lanes Bus stop accessibility Improved PT services to places of work Donostialdea Metro Transport interchanges Transport integration: single authority Taxi plan
2008-2024 DONOSTIA MOBILITY ACTION PLANS 4. roads and traffic Urban traffic plan Management of local area access points and NI bypass Through traffic management Motorcycle traffic and parking 5. Goods traffic and distribution Loading Distribution centres 6. Public space Citizens' space Noise reduction Road safety plan
2008-2024 DONOSTIA MOBILITY ACTION PLANS 7. Parking Regulated street parking (OTA) Parking management in the Centre Resident parking in other districts Peripheral and out-of-city parking Parking in industrial estates Parking for persons with reduced mobility Parking provision at stations and public transport stops Parking-PT service coordination
2008-2024 DONOSTIA MOBILITY ACTION PLANS 8. Clean vehicle fleet management Acquisition and circulation of clean vehicles Promotion of low-emission distribution vehicles Acquisition of clean vehicles by government bodies and dealerships Car sharing programme
2008-2024 DONOSTIA MOBILITY ACTION PLANS 9. Mobility management Plans for mobility to places of work Camino escolar plus Plan for mobility to the university Plans for mobility to hospitals Plans for mobility to services and shopping centres Car sharing promotion (high occupancy vehicles) Mobility management for women
2008-2024 DONOSTIA MOBILITY ACTION PLANS 10. Education and training Sustainable mobility and road safety in schools and senior citizens' centres Bicycle use learning programmes Efficient driving training programmes 11. Information, dissemination and marketing Municipal mobility centre Citizens' information plan Citizens' mobility forum
2008-2024 DONOSTIA MOBILITY ACTION PLANS 12. New urban developments Guidelines for sustainable urban development and sustainable local mobility plans Accessibility Plus plans PT accessibility plans 13. New transport infrastructure Urban and metropolitan roads Urban remodelling of the NI bypass New urban master plan road network New PT infrastructure
2008-2024 DONOSTIA MOBILITY 32 GOALS + 20% non-motorised journeys + 200% bicycle use 55 km cycle lanes + km pedestrian routes 50/35% of motorised mobility by PT + 20/25% increase in average PT speed 25% reduction in CO2 emissions caused by urban mobility 25% energy reduction per person/journey Noise, road safety, accessibility
A number of conclusions The problem of climate change is serious and transport is one of the major problems. Everyone must take measures and not wait for others to. It is very important to improve mobility habits for everyone. San Sebastián is making an effort to make mobility more sustainable but more must be done. It is not always easy to take "sustainable" measures. They often go against an accepted standard of living or acquired rights. Those who have to take them must be brave. The main problem is the high car use between the Donostialdea region and Gipuzkoa. The most pressing project is a system such as Donostialdea Metro or an equivalent that diverts car journeys to public transport. While it is effective and well used, urban public transport needs investment to bring about improvements, mainly to districts in elevated areas and places of work in order to continue to gain users. It is also necessary to provide PT with a reserved platform. Continuing the drive for bicycle use and pedestrianisation is fundamental. We must encourage the use of vehicles with cleaner technology.
Muchas Gracias por su atención Eskerrik asko Thank you