KISS Poymers MegaGuard Utra* Product Summary The Latest Technoogy in Non-Stick Protective Coatings MegaGuard Utra* is the atest technoogy in ow-drag protective surface coatings. MegaGuard Utra protects a vehice s surface from chemica attack and environmenta degradation, reduces drag, repes rain, and improves ice reease. MegaGuard Utra contains patented KISS Sef- Bonding Poymers (KSBP * ) poymers which bond to a vehice s surface and provide a ong-asting non-stick surface that protects from damaging sun rays, fue & oi spis, and wi not migrate, chip, pee, or discoor with age. MegaGuard Utra s protective and drag-reducing properties have been proven in independent aboratory and fied tests. Not a Wax, Not a Poish MegaGuard Utra is not a wax or poish. MegaGuard Utra is a uniquey formuated surface treatment that has most of the same properties as siicone and Tefon: temperature, pressure, and chemica resistance, water and ice repeent capabiities, yet it adheres to the surface and wi not migrate and can ony be removed with an abrasive. Easy to Appy Unike Tefon, MegaGuard Utra is easy to appy and requires no pre-appication treatments or post-appication curing. If the coating is scratched it can be easiy reappied; repair of Tefon is difficut and costy. MegaGuard Utra is appied by simpy wiping it on with a soft coth, then ighty buffing the surface with another cean soft coth to remove any excess. No machinery is required, and no more removing wax residue around rivet heads with a toothbrush. A bonded ong-asting finish Conventiona siicone coatings and waxes ast a predictaby short time before migrating off the surface. The base chemica for MegaGuard Utra is poy(dimethy sioxane) which is modified through a patented process so that it bonds to the surface, cannot migrate, and can ast years. A itte goes a ong way Appied according to directions, MegaGuard Utra is a mono-moecuar ayer that foows the contours of surface. Additiona ayers of the poymer add no vaue and wi actuay negate the nonstick aspects of the coating. The thinner the coating the better it works. A itte MegaGuard Utra goes a ong way. Since the coating is one moecue thick and bonded to the surface, one (1) ounce wi cover approximatey 500 square-feet. Four (4) fuid ounces of MegaGuard Utra wi easiy coat 6-8 fu-size automobies, or an entire Mooney or C-172 aircraft. * KSBP, MegaGuard Utra, and KISS are trademarks of Kent Integrated Scientific Systems (K.I.S.S.) Inc. U.S. Patent No. 4,839,456.
Product Benefits Protection from fue, oi, and damaging sun rays MegaGuard Utra resists, and therefore protects treated surfaces from most acids, bases, sovents, damaging rays from the sun, and fue and oi spis. Additionay, the non-stick surface makes dirt, grime, soot, and bugs wash off quicky and easiy. MegaGuard Utra surface protecting properties can greaty extend the ife of a painted surface. Unike other protective coatings, MegaGuard Utra wi not chip, pee, or discoor with age. MegaGuard Utra reduces drag and improves vehice efficiency MegaGuard Utra increases vehice performance by reducing skin friction drag. Piots of ight singe engine aircraft report cruise speed increases of approximatey two knots. Business jet vehice can reaize a fue consumption decrease of approximatey 0.5% to 1%. Formua One Grand Prix racers advance 6-8 starting poe positions from MegaGuard Utra s reduction of wind drag on the car exterior. Rain sheds rapidy Water beads readiy on MegaGuard Utra treated surfaces aowing air to bow the beads off quicky. Used on the windshied, MegaGuard Utra wi improve visibiity. MegaGuard Utra is an exceent water repeent that makes using other current water and rain repeent products unnecessary. Reduces Ice & Frost adhesion In the same way that MegaGuard Utra's non-stick surface repes water it aso reduces ice adhesion. MegaGuard Utra improves the abiity of de-icing boots and other surfaces to shed ice on aircraft. Because MegaGuard Utra is bonded to the surface and does not migrate, it makes current ice reease coatings obsoete. MegaGuard Utra reduces the abiity of ice to adhere to treated surfaces; however, it is not a substitute for anti-icing and de-icing equipment. Aways use approved anti-icing and de-icing equipment and procedures when fying in icing conditions. Long-asting protection MegaGuard Utra provides ong asting protection. The typica user wi appy MegaGuard Utra once a year. With reguar washing, and depending on vehice use and oca conditions, MegaGuard Utra can ast even onger. Use of MegaGuard Utra Ceaning Liquid wi refresh the coating during routine washings. Page 2
Drag Reduction Improved performance through reduced skin friction Skin friction drag can make up over 40% of the tota vehice drag; therefore, a sma skin friction reduction can resut in a substantia performance improvement. Skin friction drag, which resuts in boundary ayer momentum oss, consists of two eements: surface roughness and surface energy. Surface roughness can easiy be reduced by poishing the surface. Surface energy is reduced by appying MegaGuard Utra. It is easy to understand that a rough surface has more drag than a smooth one. The higher the surface roughness, the higher the drag. Standard vehice production paint is generay considered aerodynamicay smooth. This means that poishing the surface to further reduce the roughness height wi not significanty reduce the drag. Paint that is od or worn can have much greater roughness height and, in this case, poishing your vehice wi aow the air to fow with ess resistance. MegaGuard Utra has a very ow surface energy, comparabe to that of Tefon, which aows the air moecues to sip at the surface. This partia sip condition increases the air veocity at the surface and reduces the drag. On untreated or waxed surfaces the air moecues bond to the surface. This creates a no-sip condition at the surface interface which sows the air veocities near the surface and increases the drag. In a typica boundary ayer profie the air veocity at the surface is zero and increases exponentiay unti, at the outer edge of boundary ayer, it is the same as the free-stream veocity. The shape and magnitude of the boundary ayer veocity profie determines the momentum oss, which corresponds to the drag. The higher the veocity near the surface, the ower the drag. The figure beow shows typica boundary ayer veocity profies on an aerodynamicay smooth surface with and without MegaGuard Utra. 0100090000037800000002001c00000000000400000003010800050000000b0200000000050000000 c02dd02dc04040000002e0118001c000000fb021400090000000000bc020000000001020222537973 74656d0002dc040000d6fc00008c3b110070838239902cdc010c020000040000002d0100001c000000 fb02ceff0000000000009001000000000440001254696d6573204e657720526f6d616e0000000000000 000000000000000000000040000002d0101000400000002010100050000000902000000020d00000 0320a2d0000000100040000000000dc04db0220a61600040000002d010000030000000000 Wind tunne tests show the change in the boundary ayer profie. Page 3
Test Data Summary Wind Tunne Tested KSBP has been tested in many faciities for drag reduction in both air and water. These tests, as we as many other fied tests, confirm the drag reducing properties of KSBP products. The faster you fy, the better it works The drag reduction benefits of MegaGuard Utra were demonstrated in two independent wind tunne tests. A high-speed wind tunne test conducted at the University of Cambridge, Engand, showed that MegaGuard Utra provided a 2% drag reduction at a Mach number of 0.88. At the University of Southern Caifornia, a ow-speed test showed that, at an air veocity of 56 mph, KSBP MegaGuard Utra reduced the drag by approximatey 0.8%. Water and other tests aso show drag reduction. KISS s MegaGuard Utra is widey used in high performance car, boat and pane racing. Baier and Gucinski of the University of New York at Buffao measured 1-2% surface friction reduction in sma diameter fuid fow test ces. At the Wofson Institute, Southhampton, UK water tank tests showed a 2-7% drag reduction. Various fied tests and reports from KSBP product users show KSBP's impact in the rea word. For exampe: Cessna 172's show cruise speed increases of approximatey 2 knots. Mooney's show cruise speed increases of up to 4 knots. Aan Brown of Peasure Boating Magazine reported a 2 mph speed increase on his Cigarette Decathon powered by twin 225 Johnsons. John Connor's Gentry Eage Trans-Atantic boat noted a 2 knot speed increase. Kiwi Magic, the America's Cup contender from New Zeaand, reported a 7% speed increase downwind. Lightfied Ammunitions, Inc. coated the front of munitions and noted a 10% increase in muzze veocity. Gof bas treated with KSBP increase drives by up to 18 yards. Due to individua vehice characteristics and configurations, your performance improvement wi vary. Page 4
Chemica Background New Patented Sef-bonding Non-Stick Poymer The physica and chemica properties of a surface determine how it interacts with the environment. The chemica reactivity of a materia is reated to its surface energy. Materias with a ow surface energy tend to be non-reactive and inert, those with high surface energy tend to be very reactive. The non-aesthetic purpose of a coating is to stop a surface from interacting with, and being affected by, what contacts it. The very characteristics that make inert materias desirabe aso make them difficut to hande and appy. How can a non-reactive materia be bonded to a surface? Sighty reactive materias, such as PTFE, can be bonded using surface etching, heating, primers and pressure - a of which are costy - some with imited success. These materias generay have poor wear resistance and are prone to migrate, causing unwanted contamination of surrounding materias. Siicones, especiay poy(dimethy sioxane), have a very ow surface energy, and are the most inert and chemicay stabe materias known. They are so non-reactive that they cannot be bonded to a surface, unti now. A new patented cataytic process makes these highy inert poymers partiay reactive. The resuting KSBP materia has a reactive side of the poymer which forms a very secure bond with the substrate whie its inert outer surface is both passive and resistant to chemica and environmenta attack. KSBP Deveopment The critica step was to deveop a cataytic process that makes a part of the poy(dimethy sioxane) poymer chain reactive, so that a secure bond forms between the coating and the substrate. The manufacture of siicone rubber invoves extensive cross-inking between chains of a poymer. As the reaction proceeds, the reactive sites on each chain react with each other, forming a highy cross-inked network. Siicone rubber is made by etting this cross-inking reaction proceed unti a the reactive sites are inked. KSBP materias are made by a patented process that modifies the cross-inking process. Specia inhibitors are added to the poymer to hat the cross-inking process prematurey at a preseected point. This eaves many highy reactive sites on the poymer chain that are now avaiabe for bonding to the substrate. The non-reactive side of the cross-inked chains forms the inert face with the un-reacted sites reacting with the substrate to bond the inert ayer to it (see Figure 2). Page 5
Chemica Background, Continued KISS Sef-Bonding Poymers (KSBP) have their reactive (sticky) side bound to the substrate, eaving ony non-reactive portions exposed to the environment. KSBP Attributes The KSBP famiy of materias are a uniquey formuated type of surface treatment that has most of the same properties of the siicone base poymer: temperature, pressure, and chemica resistance, water and ice repeent capabiities, yet it adheres to the surface and wi not migrate and can ony be removed by removing the surface ayer of the substrate to which it is bonded. Unike Tefon, KSBP is easy to appy and requires no pre-appication treatments or postappication curing. If the KSBP coating is damaged it can be easiy reappied; repair of Tefon is difficut and costy. Conventiona siicone coatings ast a predictaby short time before migrating off the surface. KSBP is bonded to the surface, it cannot migrate, and can ast years. Depending on oca conditions and vehice use, a KSBP MegaGuard Utra treated surface wi ast 1-2 years. The typica vehice owner wi reappy KSBP MegaGuard Utra once a year. Correcty appied, KSBP is a mono-moecuar ayer approximatey 120 Angstroms (0.012 microns) thick. The coating intimatey adapts to the surface of the substrate and causes no significant changes in the dimensions or surface topography of the coated product. Additiona ayers of the poymer add no vaue and wi actuay negate the ow surface energy aspects of the coating. The thinner the coating the better it works. Page 6
MegaGuard Utra Appication Appying KSBP MegaGuard Utra to Your Vehice 1. Thoroughy wash your vehice. Remove a grime, oi, bugs, soot, etc. 2. For best resuts, poish the surface to reduce the surface roughness and remove od wax residue. Be sure to use a poishing product that does not contain wax or siicone compounds. If your vehice s surface is reasonaby smooth or reativey new, and the previous wax job is severa months od, then poishing the surface is not required. MegaGuard Utra enhances the coor of your vehice. Therefore, it is important to remove a bemishes in the finish prior to appying MegaGuard Utra, otherwise these bemishes wi stand out and detract from the vehice s appearance. 3. For best resuts appy MegaGuard Utra on coo surface out of direct sunight. Appy a sma amount of MegaGuard Utra to a soft cean coth. Then, using gente pressure, wipe on to spread a thin fim over the surface. A sma amount covers a arge area - one dab wi easiy spread to cover a 4 foot by 4 foot section. Let dry a few minutes. 4. With another soft cean coth, remove the excess MegaGuard Utra. Wipe thoroughy, turning the coth frequenty unti the surface is smooth and sippery. There shoud be no streaks or hazing. Use of a non-abrasive adsorbent powder wi hep to remove excess MegaGuard Utra, if too much has been appied to the surface. 5. Repeat Steps 3 and 4 unti entire vehice is coated. Appy MegaGuard Utra to the entire exterior of the vehice from the front to back, top to bottom, coating a exposed surfaces, incuding the windshied and windows., pastics, rubber and a painted and un-painted meta. 6. Keep the KSBP MegaGuard Utra appication coth seaed in a pastic bag to keep it cean for future use and surface touch-ups. MegaGuard Utra Maintenance Maintaining Your KSBP MegaGuard Utra Surface Once KSBP MegaGuard Utra has been appied, never use an abrasive or poish to cean the vehice. Simpy wash the vehice with water and MegaGuard Utra Ceaner (speciay formuated to cean and rejuvenate MegaGuard Utra treated surfaces) using a soft cean coth to wipe the surface competey dry. Do not appy a wax or siicone product over a KSBP MegaGuard Utra treated surface. This wi negate the benefit of MegaGuard Utra, and the wax or siicone wi wear off rapidy. Page 7
KSBP MegaGuard Utra bonds to the surface and wi ast neary as ong as the surface it is appied to. However, natura abrasion, from dust and dirt, wi expedite the wear of eading edges on aircraft ant other high performance vehices. Therefore, the wing, tai and propeer eading edges may require periodic touch ups. Wash treated surfaces at east once a month with MegaGaurd Ceaning Liquid. Treated surfaces may aso be ceaned by wiping with a damp coth or washing with a mid soap, such as Lemon-fresh Joy, Dawn dishwashing soap, Head & Shouders Shampoo, or a simiar soap that does not eave a soapy fim. With reguar washing, and depending on the amount of vehice use and oca conditions, MegaGuard Utra shoud be reappied every 1 to 2 years. Cautions and Emergency Information MegaGuard Utra contains KSBP and petroeum distiates. MegaGuard Utra meets Caifornia air quaity reguations. CAUTION: USE WITH ADEQUATE VENTILATION! IN CASE OF EYE CONTACT, IMMEDIATELY FLUSH WITH WATER AND CONSULT A PHYSICIAN. Page 8