NUCLEAR ENERGY World GWe 45 4 35 Evolution of the Projected World Nuclear Capacity for the Year 2 and of the Installed Capacity, 196-22, in GWe Projected world nuclear capacity for the year 2 World installed nuclear capacity 3 25 2 15 1 5 196 1965 197 1975 198 1985 199 1995 2 Source: IAEA, Annual Reports, Reference Data Series 1, Nuclear Power: Status and Trends, 1972-1986; CEA, Les centrales nucléaires dans le monde, 1983-22 WISE-Paris #REF!
NUC ÉNERGIE NUCLÉAIRE NUCLEAR ENERGY MON Monde World NUC.MON.2.G.StartShut.F Réacteurs mis en service et arrêtés dans le monde de 1956 à 1956-23 Graphe NUC.MON.2.G.StartShut.E Reactors in The World Startup and Shutdown from 1956 to 23 1956-23 Graph MAJ: 23/4/1 Français English Type: Histogramme par année Source: PRIS, ATOMWIRTSCHAFT, Doc. WISE-Paris, IAEA 1996-24 Création: Oct-2 Modification: XC - MAJ Apr-3 Apr-3
Reactors in Operation in the World from 1956 to 23 On the web : www.wise-paris.org/english/ourgraphs.html NUCLEAR ENERGY World 5 45 428 442 443 44 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 1956 1958 196 1962 1964 Number of Reactors 1966 1968 197 1972 1974 1976 1978 198 1982 1984 1986 1988 199 1992 1994 1996 1998 2 22 Source: PRIS, CEA 1998, ATOMWIRTSCHAFT, IAEA 24 WISE-Paris 4/23
NUCLEAR ENERGY World TWh Generation of Nuclear Electricity in the World in 22 (net TWh) 9 8 7 6 5 22 - World Generation: 2574. net TWh 4 3 2 1 United-States France Japan Germany Russia South Korea Great-Britain Ukraine Canada Sweden Spain Belgium Taiwan Switzerland China Finland Bulgaria Czech Rep. Slovakia India Brazil Lituania Hungary South Africa Mexico Argentina Slovenia Romania Netherlands Armenia Pakistan Source: IAEA/PRIS 23 WISE-Paris 6/23
NUCLEAR ENERGY Western Europe and North America Western Europe & North America Reactors Startup and Shutdown from 1956 to 23 3 25 Reactor Startup Reactor Shutdown Number of Reactors 2 15 1 5 1956 1958 196 1962 1964 1966 1968 197 1972 1974 1976 1978 198 1982 1984 1986 1988 199 1992 1994 1996 1998 2 22 Source: PRIS, ATOMWIRTSCHAFT, Doc. WISE-Paris, IAEA 1996-24 WISE-Paris 4/23
Western Europe and North America Nuclear Reactors in Operation from 1956 to 23 NUCLEAR ENERGY Western Europe and North America 35 3 292 261 25 2 15 1 5 1956 1958 196 1962 Number of Reactors 1964 1966 1968 197 1972 1974 1976 1978 198 1982 1984 1986 1988 199 1992 1994 1996 1998 2 22 Source: PRIS, CEA 1998, ATOMWIRTSCHAFT, IAEA 24 WISE-Paris 4/23
NUCLEAR ENERGY Western Europe and North America Operation of Nuclear Reactors in Western Europe and North America as of the end of 23 Netherlands Finland 1 4 Total in Operation = 261 Switzerland Belgium Spain Sweden 5 7 9 11 Total Shutdown = 5 Total Operated = 256 Canada Germany United Kingdom 14 18 27 2 France 58 1 USA 12 2 2 4 6 8 1 12 Source: IAEA 24 WISE-Paris 4/23
NUCLEAR ENERGY World GWe 45 4 35 Projections of the World Nuclear Capacity 25-23 According to the CEA, US/DOE and IAEA, in GWe CEA projection (23) DOE projection (23) IAEA projection (23) 3 25 2 15 1 5 198 1985 199 1995 2 25 21 215 22 225 23 Source: AIEA, Reference Data Series 1, 23; CEA, Les centrales nucléaires dans le monde, 1983-23; DOE, International Energy Outlook 23 WISE-Paris 1/22
GWe 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 On the web : www.wise-paris.org/english/ourgraphs.html Projection of the World Electricity Generating Capacity by Energy Source, 2-23 (in GWe) Hydrogen fuel cell Other renewables Nuclear Oil Hydro Gas Coal 1.1% 14.3% 22.2% 2.8% 3.8% 8.6% 12.4% 2.7% 26.4% 29.% 6.4% 9.5% 19.% 32.8% 28.1% NUCLEAR ENERGY World 5,6% 5.% 7.1% 16.8% 34.9% 29.2% 2 21 22 23 Source : IEA, World Energy Investment Outlook, 23 WISE-Paris #REF!
REPROCESSING Operation thm Status of the Contracted and Reprocessed Spent Fuel at La Hague as of 31 January 22 (in tons of heavy metal) 16, 14, 1346 12, 1, 8, 836 Total Contracted Total Reprocessed 6, 4, 5981 447 2944 2944 2, 671 671 761 619 383 269 France Germany Japan Belgium Switzerland Netherlands Source: Commission Spéciale et Permanente d'information, bulletin n 1, avril 22 WISE-Paris 1/22
thm 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1-1 -2-3 -4-5 -6-7 -8-9 On the web : www.wise-paris.org/english/ourgraphs.html Annually Reprocessed LWR Spent Fuel at La Hague Plants as of 31/12/22 (tons of heavy metal) MOX (UP2) UP2 UP3 UP2 8 rated capacity REPROCESSING Operation 1976 1978 198 1982 1984 1986 1988 199 1992 1994 1996 1998 2 22 UP3 rated capacity thm -9-8 -7-6 -5-4 -3-2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Source: COGEMA 22, DGSNR 23 WISE-Paris 5/23
Storage of French and Foreign Fuels in La Hague Storage Ponds as of 1st June 23 (in thm and % of total) REPROCESSING Operation Spent Light Water Reactor Fuel Spent Re- Enriched Uranium Fuel Spent Mixed Oxide Fuel France Germany Belgium SwitzerlandNetherlands 6987. 376.. 56. 17. 87.5% 4.7%.%.7%.2% 74. 1..9%.1% 321. 52. 4.%.7% Australia Spent Material Testing Reactor Fuel Fresh Mixed Oxide Fuel*.5.1% 87. 11. 1.1%.1%.3.2 <,1% <,1% * for Fresh Mixed Oxide Fuel, figures as of 31 December 21, COGEMA doesn't publish them since this date. Source: COGEMA Web WISE-Paris 12/22
Uranium World Market Spot Price 1973-Feb 23 (US $ /lb U 3 O 8 ) On the web : www.wise-paris.org/english/ourgraphs.html NUCLEAR ENERGY Fuel cycle US $ / lb U3O8 5 45 4 35 3 25 2 15 1 5 1973 1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2 23 Source: COGEMA (1998) ; Nuclear Fuel (1998-2) ; Ux Company (web, 23) WISE-Paris 3/23
ENERGY SECTOR Energy Sector in France Mtoe 14 12 1 Final Oil Consumption by Sectors in France from 1973 to 2 (in Mtoe) Refining and losses Non-energy uses Electricity production Industry and agriculture Residential and commercial Transportation 8 6 4 2 1973 1976 1979 1982 1985 1988 1991 1994 1997 2 Source: Observatoire de l'énergie, 1992 ; DGEMP, 1998-21 WISE-Paris 1/22
Global Collective Doses Induced by Anthropogenic Radiation Sources in Person.Sievert Windscale Accident, UK, 1957 KyshtymAccident, USSR, 1957 Sellafield Reprocessing for 1 years La Hague Reprocessing for 1 years Global Collective Doses Induced by Anthropogenic Radiation Sources in Person.Sievert World Nuclear Weapons Fabrication to 1989 World Radioisotope Production and Use to 1989 World Nuclear Power Production to 1989 REPROCESSING Discharges Chernobyl Accident WISE-Paris 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Person.Sv The collective dose stemming from the radioactive discharges to the environment from Sellafield and La Hague correspond to a large scale nuclear accident of the level of the Kyshtymnuclear waste explosion or the Windscale fire, both in 1957, every year or to about 1/7 of the impact of the Chernobyl disaster over a 1-year period of operation. 1/22
Did you know that... FEPCO Nov 3: 18.9 trillion yen over 4 years = 32 t of plutonium 6, yen / g of plutonium = 4 x the price of gold (1,5 yen/g)
Did you know that... the French and British owners of plutonium have allocated a zero value in their official accounts to their severaldozen-tons of plutonium stocks?
For 28 years, until 1972, YOKOI Shoichi lived in the forests of Guam and did not realize that World War II had finished a generation earlier. Today, 28 years after negotiating the first reprocessing contracts, it is about time that the plutonium industry gets out of the jungle and lives up to the reality of the 21st Century.