Police Recorded Injury Road Traffic Collisions and Casualties Northern Ireland

Police Service of Northern Ireland Police Recorded Injury Road Traffic Collisions and Casualties Northern Ireland Monthly Report Covering the reporting period 1 st January 2018 31 st August 2018 Published 26 th October 2018 Contact: Traffic Statistician, Statistics Branch, Operational Support Department Lisnasharragh, 42 Montgomery Road, Belfast, Northern Ireland, BT6 9LD Web: www.psni.police.uk Tel: 02890 650222 Ext: 24135 Email: statistics@psni.police.uk 1

Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug KSI casualties Road Traffic Collision Statistics January to August 2018 Monthly Trends There were 3,646 collisions recorded by the Police Service of Northern Ireland (PSNI) between January and August 2018 resulting in a total of 5,578 casualties. This comprised 31 fatalities, 490 people seriously injured and a further 5,057 people slightly injured. For the same time period last year there were 3,884 collisions recorded by PSNI, of which there were 5,960 casualties comprising 40 fatalities, 527 people seriously injured and 5,393 people slightly injured. There were 238 fewer collisions and 382 fewer casualties recorded between January and August 2018 than the same period last year. In terms of severity of injury those killed or seriously injured (KSI casualties) fell by 46 while the number of people slightly injured fell by 336. There were 60 people killed or seriously injured (KSI casualties) in August 2018, seven fewer than recorded in August 2017. Table 1 Police recorded road traffic casualties by injury severity and month: January to August 2018 compared with January to August 2017 01 January 31 August 2017 01 January 31 August 2018* Seriously Slightly Seriously Slightly Killed injured KSI 1 injured Total Killed injured KSI 1 injured Total January 5 85 90 643 733 7 65 72 722 794 February 3 56 59 667 726 1 39 40 610 650 March 3 54 57 749 806 1 63 64 624 688 April 6 66 72 549 621 2 42 44 564 608 May 5 68 73 690 763 6 76 82 745 827 June 6 71 77 660 737 4 76 80 684 764 July 4 68 72 702 774 7 72 79 565 644 August 8 59 67 733 800 3 57 60 543 603 Total 40 527 567 5,393 5,960 31 490 521 5,057 5,578 1 Killed or seriously injured * Figures are provisional and subject to change Figure 1: Casualties killed or seriously injured in road traffic collisions by month January 2016 to August 2018 100 80 60 63 70 67 64 82 66 67 86 85 83 85 78 90 59 57 72 73 77 72 67 73 70 68 63 72 64 82 80 79 60 40 40 44 20 0 2016 2017 2018 Month 2

Casualty Class Figure 2: Casualties killed or seriously injured by road user type January to August 2018 Pedal cyclists 5.6% Others 2.7% Motorcyclists 15.4% Drivers 41.1% Passengers 18.4% Pedestrians 16.9% There has been an increase in the number of people killed or seriously injured amongst motorcyclists and other road users when comparing January to August 2018 with the same time period last year. The motorcyclist KSI figure increased by 14 and other road users by 6 during this eight month time period in comparison with January to August 2017. In contrast, there has been a large decrease in the number of pedestrians killed or seriously injured, a decrease of 32% or 41 pedestrians. The number of passengers and drivers killed or seriously injured both decreased by 10 people, a 9% and 4% reduction respectively on last year. Pedal cyclists showed a reduction of five KSI casualties, reflecting a 15% decrease on the equivalent period last year. See Figure 3 below. Figure 3: Difference in the number of KSI casualties by road user type: January to August 2018 compared with January to August 2017 Pedestrians -41 Drivers -10 Motorcyclists 14 Pedal cyclists -5 Passengers -10 Pillion passengers 0 Other road users 6-35 -30-25 -20-15 -10-5 0 5 10 15 3

Table 2 Number of police recorded road traffic casualties by road user type: January to August 2018 compared with January to August 2017 01 January 31 August 2017 01 January 31 August 2018* Seriously Slightly Seriously Slightly Killed injured KSI 1 injured Total Killed injured KSI 1 injured Total Pedestrians 10 119 129 325 454 8 80 88 305 393 Drivers of motor vehicles 17 207 224 3,074 3,298 16 198 214 2,918 3,132 Motorcyclists 7 59 66 125 191 4 76 80 112 192 Pedal cyclists 1 33 34 188 222 0 29 29 155 184 Passengers 5 101 106 1,652 1,758 2 94 96 1,517 1,613 Pillion passengers 0 5 5 4 9 0 5 5 7 12 Other road users 0 3 3 25 28 1 8 9 43 52 Total 40 527 567 5,393 5,960 31 490 521 5,057 5,578 1 Killed or seriously injured * Figures are provisional and subject to change 4

Age and gender There has been a decrease in the number of KSI casualties recorded for each of the vulnerable age groups in January to August 2018 compared with the same time period last year. The number of children (under 16) killed or seriously injured decreased by 12, young people (16-24) decreased by 3 and older people (65 and over) showed a reduction of 17. Overall there were fewer female than male casualties across all the age groups. There were 382 fewer casualties recorded in this period in comparison with January to August 2017. Overall, female casualties decreased by 159 and male casualties decreased by 223. The largest decrease in male casualties during the period was in the 65+ age group where there were 64 fewer casualties, a decrease of 19.9%. Over the same period the female age group showing the largest decrease in casualties was in the under 16 age group, a reduction of 48 casualties, or 16.8%. Table 3 Number of police recorded road traffic casualties by age and gender: January to August 2018 compared with January to August 2017 01 January 31 August 2017 01 January 31 August 2018* Seriously Slightly Seriously Slightly Gender Age Group Killed injured KSI 1 injured Total Killed injured KSI 1 injured Total Under 16 2 31 33 270 303 1 27 28 227 255 Male Female All 16-24 7 72 79 564 643 2 75 77 507 584 25-34 5 51 56 568 624 7 70 77 541 618 35-49 5 71 76 649 725 6 55 61 615 676 50-64 7 64 71 432 503 6 59 65 441 506 65 + 6 46 52 270 322 2 42 44 214 258 Unknown 0 0 0 11 11 0 0 0 11 11 Total 32 335 367 2,764 3,131 24 328 352 2,556 2,908 Under 16 0 18 18 267 285 0 11 11 226 237 16-24 0 45 45 526 571 2 42 44 495 539 25-34 2 23 25 582 607 2 20 22 558 580 35-49 0 28 28 580 608 0 27 27 582 609 50-64 2 40 42 443 485 1 31 32 413 445 65 + 4 38 42 228 270 2 31 33 220 253 Unknown 0 0 0 3 3 0 0 0 7 7 Total 8 192 200 2,629 2,829 7 162 169 2,501 2,670 Under 16 2 49 51 537 588 1 38 39 453 492 16-24 7 117 124 1,090 1,214 4 117 121 1,002 1,123 25-34 7 74 81 1,150 1,231 9 90 99 1,099 1,198 35-49 5 99 104 1,229 1,333 6 82 88 1,197 1,285 50-64 9 104 113 875 988 7 90 97 854 951 65 + 10 84 94 498 592 4 73 77 434 511 Unknown 0 0 0 14 14 0 0 0 18 18 Total 40 527 567 5,393 5,960 31 490 521 5,057 5,578 1 Killed or seriously injured * * Figures are provisional and subject to change 5

District Table 4 Number of police recorded road traffic casualties by injury severity and Police District: January to August 2018 compared with January to August 2017 District/Area Killed 01 January 31 August 2017 01 January 31 August 2018* Seriously Injured Total KSI 1 Slightly Injured Total Killed Seriously Injured Total KSI 1 Slightly Injured Belfast City 1 94 95 1,270 1,365 2 59 61 1,268 1,329 Antrim & Newtownabbey 1 34 35 361 396 3 49 52 409 461 Causeway Coast & Glens 5 43 48 404 452 3 38 41 384 425 Derry City & Strabane 2 29 31 379 410 1 32 33 343 376 Mid & East Antrim 2 39 41 357 398 2 35 37 293 330 North Area Policing 10 145 155 1,501 1,656 9 154 163 1,429 1,592 Ards & North Down 3 43 46 414 460 3 37 40 377 417 Armagh City, Banbridge & Craigavon 3 46 49 479 528 7 70 77 460 537 Fermanagh & Omagh 4 38 42 282 324 3 37 40 311 351 Lisburn & Castlereagh City 5 38 43 499 542 3 38 41 463 504 Mid Ulster 3 47 50 393 443 1 36 37 298 335 Newry, Mourne & Down 11 76 87 555 642 3 59 62 451 513 South Area Policing 29 288 317 2,622 2,939 20 277 297 2,360 2,657 Northern Ireland Total 40 527 567 5,393 5,960 31 490 521 5,057 5,578 1 Killed or seriously injured * Figures are provisional and subject to change Total Armagh City, Banbridge & Craigavon had the highest number of road deaths between January and August 2018 with 7. It also had the most people seriously injured with 70 recorded during this period. Three of the eleven districts showed an increase in their overall casualties between January and August 2018 in comparison with the same time period last year. Armagh City, Banbridge and Craigavon showed a relatively small increase of 1.7% in overall casualties while Antrim & Newtownabbey and Fermanagh & Omagh showed increases of 16.4% and 8.3% in overall casualties. Figure 4: Casualties killed or seriously injured by District: January to August 2018 compared with January to August 2017 100 90 95 2017 2018 87 80 77 70 60 50 40 30 61 35 52 48 41 31 33 41 37 46 40 49 42 43 40 41 50 37 62 20 10 0 Belfast City Antrim & Newtownabbey Causeway Coast & Glens Derry City & Strabane Mid & East Antrim Ards & North Down Armagh City, Banbridge & Craigavon Fermanagh & Omagh Lisburn & Castlereagh City Mid Ulster Newry, Mourne & Down 6

Principal causation factors Table 5 Most common principal causation factors of those killed or seriously injured in road traffic collisions: January to August 2018 Principal Factor Total KSI casualties Impairment by drugs or alcohol - driver/rider 60 Inattention or attention diverted 60 Wrong course/position 53 Excessive speed having regard to conditions 46 Turning right without care 34 Overtaking on offside without care 34 Emerging from minor road without care 23 Heedless of traffic crossing carriageway 16 Crossing or entering road junction without care 16 Physical/mental illness or injury - driver/rider 15 The most common principal causation factors for KSI casualties between January and August 2018 were Impairment by drugs or alcohol driver/rider (60 KSI casualties), Inattention or attention diverted (60 KSI casualties), followed by Wrong course/position with 53 KSI casualties. Single vehicle collisions Table 6 Casualties resulting from single vehicle collisions 1 by injury severity and month: January to August 2018 compared with January to August 2017 01 January 31 August 2017 01 January 31 August 2018* Seriously Slightly injured KSI 1 injured Total Killed Seriously Slightly injured KSI 1 injured Killed Total January 2 26 28 49 77 2 10 12 95 107 February 0 10 10 90 100 0 12 12 67 79 March 2 12 14 87 101 1 6 7 78 85 April 4 17 21 45 66 0 11 11 44 55 May 0 10 10 55 65 4 21 25 61 86 June 2 19 21 63 84 1 19 20 57 77 July 1 15 16 90 106 2 12 14 49 63 August 2 8 10 62 72 0 13 13 49 62 Total 13 117 130 541 671 10 104 114 500 614 1 Defined as a collision which results in casualties to the occupants of one vehicle only and where no other party was involved * Figures are provisional and subject to change The 484 single vehicle collisions recorded between January and August 2018 accounted for 13.3% of the total number of collisions recorded during this period. There were 114 people killed or seriously injured as a result of a single vehicle collision between January and August 2018. This was 16 less than the 130 recorded in the same period last year. In total there were 57 less casualties of a single vehicle collision between January and August 2018 than the same period in 2017. 7

Number of people seriouly injured Number of Deaths Figure 5: Number of people killed on Northern Ireland s Roads Rolling 12 months January 2013 to August 2018 90 80 80 Target = 50 70 60 50 49 54 40 30 20 10 0 Jan-13 May-13 Sep-13 Jan-14 May-14 Sep-14 Jan-15 May-15 Sep-15 Jan-16 May-16 Sep-16 Jan-17 May-17 Sep-17 Jan-18 May-18 Rolling 12 months ending The Department for Infrastructure s Northern Ireland Road Safety Strategy aims at a 60% reduction on the number of fatalities on Northern Ireland s roads each year, from the 2004 2008 average of 126 to fewer than 50 by 2020. Although this figure has dipped below this target previously, reaching 49 for the 12 month period ending January 2013, the current figure of 54 for the period 1st September 2017 to 31st August 2018 is 4 deaths above the target. Figure 6: Number of persons seriously injured on Northern Ireland s Roads Rolling 12 months January 2013 to August 2018 850 858 Target = 611 800 750 741 700 689 650 600 550 500 Jan-13 May-13 Sep-13 Jan-14 May-14 Sep-14 Jan-15 May-15 Sep-15 Jan-16 May-16 Sep-16 Jan-17 May-17 Sep-17 Jan-18 May-18 Rolling 12 months ending The Department for Infrastructure s Northern Ireland Road Safety Strategy also aims at a 45% reduction in the number of people seriously injured on Northern Ireland s roads each year, from the 2004 2008 average of 1,111 to fewer than 611 by 2020. The current rolling 12 month figure covering 1st September 2017 to 31st August 2018 provisionally sits at 741, which is 130 more people seriously injured than the 2020 target level. 8

Number of young people killed or seriously injured Number of children killed or seriously injured Figure 7: Number of children killed or seriously injured on Northern Ireland s Roads Rolling 12 months January 2013 to August 2018 100 90 94 Target = 58 80 70 60 54 56 50 40 30 20 10 0 Jan-13 May-13 Sep-13 Jan-14 May-14 Sep-14 Jan-15 May-15 Sep-15 Jan-16 May-16 Sep-16 Jan-17 May-17 Sep-17 Jan-18 May-18 Rolling 12 months ending The Road Safety Strategy has set a target of 55% reduction in the number of children killed or seriously injured on Northern Ireland s roads each year, from the 2004 2008 average of 128 to fewer than 58 by 2020. The current rolling figure of 56 to the end of August 2018 achieves the target set. Figure 8: Number of young people (16-24) killed or seriously injured on Northern Ireland s Roads Rolling 12 months January 2013 to August 2018 250 237 237 Target = 165 200 163 174 150 100 50 0 Jan-13 May-13 Sep-13 Jan-14 May-14 Sep-14 Jan-15 May-15 Sep-15 Jan-16 May-16 Sep-16 Jan-17 May-17 Sep-17 Jan-18 May-18 Rolling 12 months ending The Strategy also has a target of a 55% reduction in the number of young people (16-24) killed or seriously injured on Northern Ireland s roads each year, from the 2004 2008 average of 366 to fewer than 165 by 2020. The current figure to the end of August 2018 provisionally sits at 174 which is 9 KSI above the target level. 9

People killed Figure 9 Number of people killed on Northern Ireland s Roads 2000 to 2018* 200 171 160 120 148 150 150 147 135 126 113 107 115 80 55 59 48 57 79 74 68 63 46* 40 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Year * Provisional fatality figure up to the 24 th October 2018 The number of people killed in road traffic collisions in the years up to and including 2009 was consistently above 100 and then in 2010, there was an unprecedented reduction in which fatalities fell to 55 (a reduction of 52.2%). This figure fluctuated around this level before increasing to 79 deaths in 2014 (up 38.6% from 2013) and reducing again gradually to 63 deaths in 2017. Up to the 24th October 2018 there have been 46 people killed which is three fewer deaths than the same time period in 2017 and nine fewer than the same time period in 2016. Of the 46 road deaths occurring in 2018, 31 (67.4%) occurred on rural roads (defined as where the speed limit is over 40 miles per hour excluding motorways and dual carriageways) while 11 occurred on urban roads (40 miles per hour or less) and 4 occurred on motorways or dual carriageways. The Daily Fatal Report on the PSNI website provides more information. 10

Notes The United Kingdom Statistics Authority has designated these statistics as National Statistics, in accordance with the Statistics and Registration Service Act 2007 and signifying compliance with the Code of Practice for Official Statistics. National Statistics status means that official statistics meet the highest standards of trustworthiness, quality and public value. All official statistics should comply with all aspects of the Code of Practice for Official Statistics. They are awarded National Statistics status following an assessment by the Authority s regulatory arm. The Authority considers whether the statistics meet the highest standards of Code compliance, including the value they add to public decisions and debate. It is a producer s responsibility to maintain compliance with the standards expected of National Statistics. If we become concerned about whether these statistics are still meeting the appropriate standards, we will discuss any concerns with the Authority promptly. National Statistics status can be removed at any point when the highest standards are not maintained, and reinstated when standards are restored. User Consultation is an important part of the service we provide and it is a requirement under Principal 1 (Meeting User Needs) of the Code of Practice for Official Statistics, to publish information about user experiences. Updates from our most recent user engagement and surveys are published on the PSNI website under the Official Statistics section. User Guide The recently updated User Guide is now available and provides information on the design and methodology of the data. The User Guide also outlines how PSNI statisticians address the quality guidelines for administrative data as well as setting out details of procedures and definitions. Daily Fatal Spreadsheet As part of our commitment to provide users with more timely information, we publish a provisional Daily Fatal Spreadsheet, giving details of the location, age and gender of road traffic fatalities. This is updated each working day on the PSNI website. Maps of Collision Locations We have been working with our partner agencies to improve the information on the locations of collisions that we provide and together with NINIS (Northern Ireland Neighbourhood Information Service) we have produced interactive maps plotted with fatal, serious and slight collisions. These are available by calendar year from 2007 on the NINIS website. The 2017 collisions data will be made available on this webpage in late 2018. Quality Our internal quality assurance and validation procedures are regularly tested, reviewed and updated. We have also used the UK Statistics Authority Administrative Data Quality Assurance Toolkit to ensure that we have provided users with as much information as possible and to make users aware of the quality and background of the statistics. The STATS19 form and the accompanying STATS20 guidance provide a set of established guidelines which are followed by police forces across the UK. For example, all road collisions involving human death or personal injury occurring on the public road and notified to the police within 30 days of the occurrence, and in which one or more vehicles are involved, are to be reported. This is a wider definition of road collisions than that used in legislation e.g. Road Traffic Acts. PSNI s Collision Report Form (CRF) is based on the Department for Transport STATS19 form. This ensures data are checked and validated to an agreed set of standards and allows the statistics to be compared at a UK level. Note that a copy of the CRF is provided in the appendix of the User Guide. 11

Strengths and Limitations of the data Strengths The purpose of collating and reporting on injury road traffic collisions is to provide accurate and timely management information to the PSNI to assist them with tracking trends, identifying problem areas and in developing policies related to road policing issues. Police recorded injury road traffic collision and casualty statistics are used by a variety of organisations and individuals in the public and private sector as well as by the wider general public. PSNI statisticians attend the Standing Committee on Accident Statistics (SCRAS) and this gives a UK-wide focus to our work. We work closely with the Department for Transport to ensure that our work is comparable with other regions of the UK. The Department for Infrastructure uses the PSNI s injury road traffic statistics to inform policy and monitor performance in relation to various road safety strategies. Similarly, the statistics are key to informing colleagues in Transport NI in relation to identifying the location and causes of collisions so that they can assess whether a road engineering solution is required. The statistics are also used to inform the Northern Ireland Road Safety Partnership on the need for cameras to enforce identified roads which are prone to injury road traffic collisions due to speeding or road junctions where collisions result from drivers ignoring the mechanical traffic signals (red light running). The statistics are widely referred to in the media and are used by those individuals or organisations with an interest in road safety. Limitations Comparison of road accident reports with death registrations shows that very few, if any road accident fatalities are not reported to the police. However, it has long been known in GB (and by extension in NI) that a considerable proportion of non-fatal casualties are not known to the police, as hospital, survey and compensation claims data all indicate a higher number of casualties than suggested by police accident data. The data used as the basis for these statistics are therefore not a complete record of all personal injury road accidents, and this should be kept in mind when using and analysing the figures. However, police data on road traffic collisions, whilst not perfect, remain the most detailed, complete and reliable single source of information on road casualties, in particular for monitoring trends over time. One of the main limitations of police recorded injury road traffic collision statistics, as mentioned above, is the extent to which they represent the true level of injury road traffic collisions and casualties that occur within the UK. Extensive research has been conducted within GB in order to get an estimate of the level of this underreporting. The research has generally focused on 2 sources of comparable information, (i) hospital admissions data 1 and (ii) survey data from The National Travel Survey 2. 1 Reported Road Casualties in Great Britain Annual Report 2017: Department for Transport https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/reported-road-casualties-great-britain-annual-report-2017 2 The Travel Survey for Northern Ireland 2014-2016 https://www.infrastructure-ni.gov.uk/publications/travel-survey-northern-ireland-depth-report-2014-2016 While both comparisons would indicate that police recorded injury collision statistics are less complete than other sources, there are many reasons why this may be the case. For example, the police recorded statistics only relate to collisions that take place on the public roads and exclude collisions that occur on private land or public parks etc. Similarly, people injured in certain types of collisions may be less likely to report these to the police e.g. casualties resulting from collisions where no motor vehicle is involved (cyclists falling off their bikes or colliding with pedestrians). The Travel Survey for Northern Ireland (TSNI) collects information on how and why people travel within Northern Ireland. For the following, six years of TSNI data have been combined to ensure the analysis is robust. The TSNI indicates that 70% of people involved in at least one road accident in the last three years in which they were injured stated that police were aware of the accident, either attending at the scene or having it reported to them afterwards. (The confidence interval around this was +/ 6%). 12

Revisions Revisions are carried out in accordance with our Revisions Policy, a copy of which is available in the Official Statistics section of the PSNI Statistics website. Figures published within a current financial year to date are provisional and will be subject to slight revision until figures for the full financial year are published. These amendments can happen for a number of reasons, such as a collision being included or excluded following further investigation by an officer. Comparing this monthly bulletin with the previous one, published 28 th September 2018, the following revisions have been made: Police recorded road traffic collision casualty figures by month Month Collisions No of injury collisions Killed Seriously Injured Casualties Slightly Injured Total casualties Scale of Revision (latest release compared with initial reporting) Apr-18 22 (5.9%) 0 3 (7.7%) 36 (6.8%) 39 (6.9%) May-18 23 (4.3%) 0 3 (4.1%) 31 (4.3%) 34 (4.3%) Jun-18 21 (4.5%) 0 4 (5.6%) 23 (3.5%) 27 (3.7%) Jul-18 13 (3.3%) 0 2 (2.9%) 15 (2.7%) 17 (2.7%) The scale of the revision compares the first release of the individual monthly figures with the equivalent monthly figures within this publication. For example, the scale of the revision for April 2018 details the difference between the figures presented for April 2018 in the publication released on the 22nd June 2018, its first release, with the figures presented for April 2018 within this publication. Comparisons with Great Britain Results from the most recent period covered by the Department for Transport statistical releases (published 27th September 2018) refer to the year ending December 2017. Key points from the publication are as below: Reported road casualties, compared with year ending December 2016 show: a comparable number of road deaths for 2017, 1,793. a decrease of 6% in casualties of all severities to 170,993. motor traffic levels increased by 1.1%. https://www.gov.uk/government/statistics/reported-road-casualties-great-britain-annual-report-2017 Additional Data More detailed statistical tables on injury road traffic collisions in Northern Ireland are available on the Police Recorded Injury Road Traffic Statistics section of the PSNI website. Further Information The PSNI Statistics Branch published the 2017 detailed trends annual report on the 6th July 2018. This report provides detailed information on casualties, causation, location, conditions and comparisons with other areas. If you have anything that you would like to see included in future reports, please feel free to contact us, details are provided on the cover page. Further Research Research into road traffic collisions and casualties can be directed by visiting any of the following: www.roadsafetyobservatory.com www.dft.gov.uk www.pacts.org.uk www.trl.co.uk https://www.infrastructureni.gov.uk 13

Recorded road traffic collision and casualty definitions Collisions: Collisions involving personal injury occurring on the public highway (including footpaths) in which a vehicle is involved. Collisions are categorised as either Fatal, Serious or Slight according to the most severely injured casualty. Killed: Died within 30 days from injuries received in a collision. Serious Injury: An injury for which a person is detained in hospital as an in-patient, or any of the following injuries whether or not the person is detained in hospital: fractures, concussion, internal injuries, crushings, burns, severe cuts and lacerations or severe general shock requiring medical treatment. KSI: Refers to collisions or casualties where someone was killed or seriously injured. Slight Injury: An injury of a minor character such as a sprain, bruise or cut not judged to be severe, or slight shock requiring roadside attention. Casualty: A person who sustains a slight, serious or fatal injury. Children: People under 16 years of age. Vehicles Involved: Vehicles whose occupants are injured, vehicles suffering damage, vehicles that contribute to the collision, and horses being ridden at the time of the collision. Vehicles that collide after the initial impact causing injury are not included unless they aggravate the degree of injury or lead to further casualties. Drivers of motor vehicles: Drivers of hackneys, cars, motor caravans, LGVs, HGVs, cars used as taxis, minibuses and buses Motorcyclists: Drivers/riders of mopeds and motorcycles. Includes riders of two-wheeled motor vehicles, motorcycle combinations, scooters and mopeds. Pedal cyclists: Drivers/riders of pedal cycles. Includes children riding toy cycles on the carriageway and the first rider of a tandem. Passengers: Occupants of vehicles other than the driver or rider. Passengers of hackneys, cars, motor caravans, LGVs, HGVs, cars used as taxis, minibuses, buses and pedal cycles. Pillion passengers: Passenger on a moped or motorcycle. Other road users: Drivers and passengers of invalid / 3 wheelers, tractors, ridden horses, other motor vehicles and other non-motor vehicles. Pedestrians: Include Children on scooters, roller skates or skateboards; Children riding toy cycles on the footpath; Persons pushing bicycles or other vehicles or operating pedestrian-controlled vehicles; Persons leading or herding animals; Occupants of prams or wheelchairs; People who alight safely from vehicles and are subsequently injured; Persons pushing or pulling a vehicle; Persons other than cyclists holding on to the back of a moving vehicle 14

Map of Northern Ireland Policing Districts 15