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1 This document belongs to The Physics Classroom. It should not appear on other websites. LOL Charts Apprentice Difficulty Level Question Group 1 Question 1 Initial State: Car at rest at top of a hill. Final State: Car in motion at bottom of the hill. Notes: The system includes the car and earth. Resistance forces are negligible. The car coasts while in neutral. System: Car-Earth Constraint List: Question 2 Initial State: Ball at rest at top of a ramp. Final State: Ball in motion at bottom of the ramp. Notes: The system includes the ball and earth. Resistance forces are negligible. System: Ball-Earth
2 Question Group 2 Question 3 Initial State: A book is moving along the classroom floor. Final State: A book is at rest on the classroom floor. Notes: The system includes the book. Friction brings the book to a stop. System: Book-Floor Question 4 Initial State: A hockey puck is moving at high speed along a frozen pond. Final State: The hockey puck is at rest on the frozen pond. Notes: The system includes the hockey puck. Friction brings the puck to a stop. System: Puck-Ice
3 Question Group 3 Question 5 Initial State: A mountain climber stands at the bottom of a tall cliff. Final State: A mountain climber stands at the top of the tall cliff. Notes: The system includes the mountain climber and earth. The mountain climber uses the rock outcroppings to slowly climb the cliff. System: Climber-Earth Question 6 Initial State: An 8-month old child is at rest at the bottom of a staircase. Final State: The 8-month old child is at rest at the top of the staircase. Notes: The system includes the child and earth. The child uses the steps to slowly crawl up the staircase. System: Child-Earth
4 Question Group 4 Question 7 Initial State: A bucket of construction tools (attached to a rope) is at rest on the ground. Final State: The bucket of tools is at rest on the third floor of a construction site. Notes: The system includes the bucket and earth. System: Bucket-Earth Question 8 Initial State: An elevator rider is at rest on the first floor of a shopping mall. Final State: The rider is at rest on the third floor of the shopping mall. Notes: The system includes rider and the earth. A cable/motor system lifts the elevator between floors. System: Rider-Earth
5 Master Difficulty Level Question Group 5 Question 9 Initial State: Car at rest at top of a hill. Final State: Car in motion at about the half-way point to the bottom of the hill. Notes: The system includes the car and earth. Resistance forces are negligible. The car coasts while in neutral. System: Car-Earth Question 10 Initial State: Ball at rest at top of a ramp. Final State: Ball in motion at about the half-way point to the bottom of the ramp. Notes: The system includes the ball and earth. Resistance forces are negligible. System: Ball-Earth
6 Question Group 6 Question 11 Initial State: A child on a sled is in motion at the bottom of a small hill. Final State: The child is in motion at the top of the small hill. Notes: The system includes the child and the Earth. Resistance forces are negligible. The child glides between initial and final state without any effort. System: Child-Earth Question 12 Initial State: A cross-country skier is in motion at the bottom of a small hill. Final State: The skier is in motion at the top of the small hill. Notes: The system includes the skier and the Earth. Resistance forces are negligible. The skier glides between initial and final state without any effort. System: Skier-Earth
7 Question Group 7 Question 13 Initial State: A pendulum bob is in motion at the lowest point along its arc. Final State: A pendulum bob has reached the highest point along its arc. Notes: The system includes the pendulum bob and Earth. Resistance forces are negligible. System: Pendulum-Earth Question 14 Initial State: A child in a swing is in motion at the lowest point along its arc. Final State: The child has reached the highest point along its arc. Notes: The system includes the child and the Earth. Resistance forces are negligible. System: Child-Earth
8 Question Group 8 Question 15 Initial State: A softball is at rest in the hand of a softball player. Final State: Shortly after being thrown, the softball is in motion at the highest point along its trajectory. Notes: The system includes the ball and Earth. Air resistance is negligible. The player threw the ball upward at an angle. System: Ball-Earth Question 16 Initial State: A baseball is at rest in the hand of a baseball player. Final State: Shortly after being thrown, the baseball is in motion at the highest point along its trajectory. Notes: The system includes the ball and Earth. Air resistance is negligible. The player threw the ball upward at an angle. System: Ball-Earth
9 Question Group 9 Question 17 Initial State: A bobsled and its team are at rest at the top of the track. Final State: Several seconds after having pushed the bobsled, the sled and team are at a low point along the track. Notes: The system includes the bobsled, the team, and the Earth. There is friction acting upon the bobsled. System: Sled-Team-Earth Question 18 Initial State: A ski jumper is at rest at the top of a ski run. Final State: A few seconds after using the poles to propel herself forward, she is at the low point preparing to launch into her jump Notes: The system includes the skis, the jumper, and the Earth. There is friction acting between the ski jumper and the ski slope. System: Skis-Jumper-Earth
10 Question Group 10 Question 19 Initial State: A glass vase is at rest on the edge of a table. Final State: After a few bounces on the carpet, the vase is at rest (and unbroken). Notes: The system includes vase and the Earth. Air resistance is negligible. A gentle bump of the table caused the vase to fall. System: Vase-Earth Question 20 Initial State: A coffee mug is a rest on the edge of a table. Final State: After a few bounces on the carpet, the coffee mug is at rest (and unbroken). Notes: The system includes the coffee mug and the Earth. Air resistance is negligible. A gentle bump of the table caused the mug to fall. System: Mug-Earth
11 Question Group 11 Question 21 Initial State: A sled and child are in motion halfway down a hill. Final State: The sled and child are at rest at the bottom of the hill.. Notes: The system includes the sled, the child, and the Earth. The sled glides freely until finally stopped by a rough patch of snow. System: Sled-Child-Earth Question 22 Initial State: A person on skis is in motion about halfway down a ski hill.. Final State: The person is at rest at the bottom of the ski hill. Notes: The system includes person, the skis, and the Earth. The skier glides freely until she finally brakes near the bottom. System: Person-Skis-Earth
12 Question Group 12 Question 23 Initial State: A softball is at rest in the hand of a softball player. Final State: Shortly after being thrown, the softball is in motion at the highest point along its trajectory. Notes: The system includes the player, ball and Earth. Air resistance is negligible. The player threw the ball upward at an angle. System: Player-Ball-Earth Question 24 Initial State: A baseball is at rest in the hand of a baseball player. Final State: Shortly after being thrown, the baseball is in motion at the highest point along its trajectory. Notes: The system includes the player, ball and Earth. Air resistance is negligible. The player threw the ball upward at an angle. System: Player-Ball-Earth
13 Wizard Difficulty Level Question Group 13 Question 25 Initial State: A softball is at rest in the hand of a softball player. Final State: Shortly after being thrown, the softball is in motion at the highest point along its trajectory. Notes: The system includes the player, ball and Earth. Air resistance is negligible. The player threw the ball upward at an angle. System: Player-Ball-Earth Question 26 Initial State: A baseball is at rest in the hand of a baseball player. Final State: Shortly after being thrown, the baseball is in motion at the highest point along its trajectory. Notes: The system includes the player, ball and Earth. Air resistance is negligible. The player threw the ball upward at an angle. System: Player-Ball-Earth
14 Question Group 14 Question 27 Initial State: An elevator is moving upward near the third floor of a tall office building. Final State: The elevator is moving upward near the sixth floor of a tall office building. Notes: The system includes elevator (and motor) and the earth. A cable/motor system lifts the elevator at constant speed. System: Elevator-Earth Question 28 Initial State: An elevator is moving upward near the second floor of a tall office building. Final State: The elevator is moving upward near the fourth floor of a tall office building. Notes: The system includes elevator (and motor) and the earth. A cable/motor system lifts the elevator at constant speed. System: Elevator-Earth
15 Question Group 15 Question 29 Initial State: A crate is in motion near the bottom of a ramp of a loading dock. Final State: The crate is in motion at the same speed near the top of the ramp of a loading dock Notes: The system includes the crate and Earth. Friction is negligible. A worker is pushing the crate up the ramp. System: Crate-Earth Question 30 Initial State: A cart is in motion near the bottom of an inclined plane. Final State: The cart is in motion at the same speed near the top of the inclined plane. Notes: The system includes the cart and Earth. Friction is negligible. A student is pulling the cart. System: Cart-Earth
16 Question Group 16 Question 31 Initial State: A crate is in motion near the bottom of a ramp of a loading dock. Final State: The crate, being pushed by a worker, is in motion at the same speed near the top of the ramp of a loading dock. Notes: The system includes the crate, the worker, and Earth. Friction is negligible. A worker is pushing the crate up the ramp. System: Crate-Worker-Earth Question 32 Initial State: A cart is in motion near the bottom of an inclined plane. Final State: The cart, being pulled by a student, is in motion at the same speed near the top of the inclined plane. Notes: A student is pulling the cart. The system includes the cart, the student, and Earth. Friction is negligible. System: Cart-Student-Earth
17 Question Group 17 Question 33 Initial State: A barbell is at rest on the floor of the weight room. Final State: The barbell is held 3-meters above the floor by a weight lifter. Notes: The system includes the barbell and Earth. System: Barbell-Earth Question 34 Initial State: A sack of groceries is at rest on the kitchen floor. Final State: The sack of groceries is 1-meter above the floor on the kitchen table. Notes: The system includes the groceries and Earth. The sack of groceries was lifted upward by a person. System: Groceries-Earth
18 Question Group 18 Question 35 Initial State: A barbell is at rest on the floor of the weight room. Final State: A barbell is held 3-meters above the floor by a weight lifter. Notes: The system includes the barbell, the weight lifter and Earth. System: Barbell-Weight lifter-earth Question 36 Initial State: A sack of groceries is at rest on the kitchen floor. Final State: The sack of groceries is 1-meter above the floor on the kitchen table, being lifted to that location by a person. Notes: The system includes the groceries, the person, and Earth. The sack of groceries was lifted upward by a person. System: Groceries-Person-Earth
19 Question Group 19 Question 37 Initial State: A baseball is in motion at high speed, having just left the pitcher s hand.. Final State: The baseball is at rest in the catcher s mitt. Notes: The system includes the baseball and Earth. Assume a negligible change in height. System: Baseball-Earth Question 38 Initial State: A softball is in motion at high speed, having just left the pitcher s hand.. Final State: The softball is at rest in the catcher s mitt. Notes: The system includes the softball and Earth. Assume a negligible change in height. System: Softball-Earth
20 Question Group 20 Question 39 Initial State: A roller coaster car is in motion on the crest of a large hill. Final State: A roller coaster car is in motion at a faster speed on the crest of a second, smaller hill. Notes: The system includes the roller coaster car, the track, and Earth. During the motion, the car undergoes significant bouncing and wobbling on the track. System: Car-Track-Earth Question 40 Initial State: A roller coaster car is in motion on the crest of a small hill. Final State: A roller coaster car is in motion on the crest of a second, higher hill. Notes: The system includes the roller coaster car, the track, and Earth. During the motion, the car undergoes significant bouncing and wobbling on the track. System: Car-Track-Earth
5. A bead slides on a curved wire, starting from rest at point A in the figure below. If the wire is frictionless, find each of the following.
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I hope you earn one Thanks.
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