Equipment Specifications and Certifications Manual

Transcription

1 Equipment Specifications and Certifications Manual

2 Table of Contents Introduction... 3 Bowling Ball Specifications... 4 Material Surface Weight Hardness Cleaning Devices Mechanical Aids Ball Manufacturing Specifications Physical Specifications Marking Center of Gravity (CG) Marking Location Approval Logos Drilling Specifications Holes Balance Determining the Center of Grip Plugs and Designs Two-Handed Techniques Two-handed Delivery Two-handed Approach Holes Bowling Ball Submittal Specifications.... Bowling Ball Approval Requirements Bowling Ball Testing Fee Schedule USBC Tenpin Specifications... 6 Material Adhesives Finish and Coatings Coating Thickness Synthetic Pin Core Filling Synthetic Pin Balance Synthetic Radius of Gyration Synthetic Pin Center of Gravity Hardness Consistency Design Durability Controlled Weight Pins Densified Tenpin Bowling Pin Dimensions Bowling Pin Measurements Bases Base Attachments Label and Marking USBC Registered Service Mark New Pin Submission Timeframe Pin Permit Renewal Timeframe USBC Tenpin Approval Process Bowling Pin Testing Fee Structure USBC Process For Product Testing USBC Scoring Level Policy Regulation Bowling Lane Synthetic Products Composition Length Width Surface Lane and Approach Markings or Designs Designs and Logos...3 Special Events Non-commercial Centers (Universities, Fraternal, Military, and Other) Synthetic Bowling Lane Identification Gaps and Drop Off Surface Pin Deck Area Composition Edge Boards Synthetic Edge Strip Synthetic Pin Decks Pin Spots Tail Plank Other Pit Area Specifications Round Gutters Flat Gutters Reinforced Flat Gutters Flat Gutter Molding (Solid Hardwood) Reinforced Flat Gutter Molding Kickbacks Kickback Plates Rear Cushion Pit Technical Specifications for Fully-Automatic Pinsetting Devices Technical Specifications for Automatic Scoring Device Technical Specifications for Automatic Foul Detecting Device Lane Certification/Inspection A. Application/Inspection B. Issuance C. Representation D. Retention E. Penalty for Noncompliance F. Noncompliance Procedures G. Miscellaneous Lane Dressings and Lane Dressing Measuring Equipment Technical Specifications for Lane Dressing Technical Specifications for Lane Dressing Tape Take-Up Device Lane Dressings and Lane Dressing Measuring Equipment Technical Specifications for Ultraviolet-Sensitive Tape Reader Lane Dressings and Lane Dressing Measuring Equipment Manufacturers Field Test Program for Products Manufacturers Field Test Program for Pins BOWL.com 2

3 Introduction Purpose Reason This manual is published by the United States Bowling Congress and is provided as a service to all. All bowling equipment must conform to the specifications set forth in this manual. Function In addition to the basic specifications which appear in the USBC Playing Rules, this manual includes all technical specifications covering specific items of equipment. This also includes certification and lane dressing specifications and procedures. These items are appropriately identified throughout the manual. USBC has the inherent right to refuse for testing anything that USBC believes to be offensive to a portion of our membership or which could involve the USBC implicitly condoning a violation of local laws. To preserve the character and integrity of the sport, and assure fairness of play for all USBC members, USBC reserves the right to conduct further testing and/or modify specifications when technological advancements may alter the fundamental nature or character of the sport. Please be advised that this information was accurate at the time of printing. Since changes are being made on a regular basis, please see bowl.com for the latest information. BOWL.com 3

4 Bowling Ball Specifications Any bowling ball used in USBC certified competition must be approved and identifiable as a ball listed on the Approved Ball List located on the Equipment Specifications page on com with the exception of House Balls. Additionally, for identification purposes, each ball must have some form of serial number (this may be engraved or re-engraved by the bowler); the ball s original brand and model names or logos must also be engraved on each ball (these may not be re-engraved by the bowler). No additional logos or designs may be added to a previously approved ball without written consent from the USBC. As a courtesy to league and tournament participants, House Balls may be used during USBC cer tified competition even though they are not specifically posted on the USBC Approved Ball List. A ball can be determined to be a House Ball provided all of the following: The ball is provided by the bowling center in which the event is being held. The ball is a Non-High Performance ball (as defined in the Bowling Ball Approval Requirements section). The ball is not custom drilled for the bowler s hand. Since all bowling balls manufactured prior to the creation of the Approved Ball List (January 99) have been previously approved, the acceptance of the ball is at the discretion of the tournament director and/or league official. Material. The ball shall be constructed of solid material i.e., no liquids and without voids in its interior. 2. Any material added to or included in the coverstock shall be equally distributed throughout the entire coverstock of the ball, except for materials used in logos and other required markings. 3. The density of any piece/component in a ball (e.g. core, coverstock, weight block, etc.) shall not exceed 3.80 g/ml (i.e., no pure metals or high density materials). 4. Following approval of the ball, the introduction of substances that are not comparable to the original material used in manufacturing of a bowling ball is prohibited. Likewise, altering a bowling ball in any way so as to increase its weight or cause it to be off balance outside the specifications is prohibited. Surface The surface of the ball shall be free of all depressions or grooves of specific pattern, except for holes or indentations used for gripping the ball, identification lettering and numbers, and incidental chipping or marking caused by wear. Engraved pictures, logos, and/or designs from the manufacturer are not considered grooves of a specific pattern. If a crack is located within the bowler s track area, it is not permitted for use in USBC certified competition. A crack is defined as a partial break or split, slight or narrow that appears on the surface of the ball. No foreign material may be placed on the outer surface of the ball. If the surface of the ball is altered by sanding or polishing, the entire surface of the ball must be sanded or polished in the same manner. Weight Plug, slugs, grips, and/or tape may not extend beyond the surface of the ball. The weight of the ball shall not exceed 6.00 pounds. There is no minimum weight. BOWL.com 4

5 Hardness. The surface hardness of bowling balls shall not be less than 72 (measured with Shore durometer, type D) at room temperature (68-78 degrees Fahrenheit). 2. The use of chemicals, or other methods, to change the hardness of the surface of the ball after it is manufactured is prohibited. Cleaning Cleaners may be used provided:. They do not affect the hardness of the ball 2. They are totally removed from the ball before delivery Any cleaner or polish that is used in certified competition must be approved by USBC and be found on the Approved Cleaners and Polishes list in the Equipment Specifications page on All cleaning products must display the appropriate logo. (See figures,2) APPROVED ANYTIME APPROVED BEFORE/ AFTER Figure Figure 2 Devices Movable devices are not permitted for use in a bowling ball at any time. Removable devices shall be permitted provided:. Such devices are used for the purpose of changing the span, pitch, or size of the gripping holes 2. Such devices are constructed of a non-metallic material 3. Such devices are locked into position during delivery 4. No device shall be employed for the purpose of adjusting the static balance of the ball 5. No device shall be employed for the purpose of creating a void within the ball 6. Density of the device does not exceed.5g/ml 7. Tape in a gripping hole is permitted Mechanical Aids A bowling ball must be delivered entirely by manual means and shall not incorporate any device, either in the ball or affixed to it, which is either detached at the time of delivery or is a moving part in the ball during delivery. Any person whose hand, or major portion thereof, has been amputated may use special equipment to aid in grasping and delivering the ball provided the special equipment is in lieu of the amputee s hand (see USBC rule book for further clarification). BOWL.com 5

6 Ball Manufacturing Specifications The USBC Equipment Specifications and Certification Committee may establish specifications for a bowling ball as to roundness, size, materials, and physical properties. A manufacturer producing any new ball shall submit samples to the USBC Equipment Specifications Department for testing. Any re-released ball must meet all current specifications. Physical Specifications At time of manufacture, all balls must meet the following technical specifications when tested at room temperature (68-78 degrees Fahrenheit): Specification Minimum Maximum Circumference Diameter Roundness None 0.00 total run out Hardness 72 None Radius of gyration** Differential radius of gyration* None Coefficient of restitution* Coefficient of friction* None Mohs Hardness None 6.0 Surface Roughness Ra None 50 μin *These specifications are for balls weighing 3.00 pounds or greater. ** This is a manufacturing design specification Marking. Each ball must be uniquely identifiable by the following: a. Brand name/logo b. Ball name c. Individual serial number d. USBC star logo (As of March, 2006) Figure 3a Figure 3a BOWL.com 6

7 2. Center of Gravity (CG) Marking Location: The center of gravity of an undrilled ball must be clearly identifiable by a unique mark or indicator. 3. Pin and Low RG Axis The pin of a bowling ball indicates where the top of the weight block is within the ball. One end of the low RG axis of the ball should be located within a inch radius of the center of the pin. Exceptions to this would include pancake type core designs. 4. Preferred Spin Axis (PSA), High RG Axis The PSA is the axis about which a ball will migrate to and spin around when energy is added to the bowling ball; this will always be the high RG axis of the ball. For ball manufacturing specifications, this term applies to only undrilled balls with asymmetrical core designs. The PSA of a bowling ball should be clearly identifiable (if applicable) by a unique mark or indicator. The PSA should be within a.5 inch radius of the center of the marking or indicator on the ball. Balls with a measured intermediate differential of in in should not have a PSA marking or indicator. A PSA marking or indicator is optional for balls with a measured intermediate differential of in in. A PSA marking or indicator is required for balls with a measured intermediate differential of 0.00 in or greater. 5. Approval Logos All boxes in which approved bowling balls are distributed must be clearly marked with the following approval logo which must be a minimum of /2 inches in diameter (See Figure 3b): check APPROVED Figure 3b Drilling Specifications Holes The following limitations shall govern the drilling of holes in the ball:. Holes or indentations for gripping purposes shall not exceed five and shall be limited to one for each finger and one for the thumb, all for the same hand. The player is not required to use all of the finger holes in any specific delivery, but they must be able to demonstrate, with the same hand, that each hole can be used simultaneously for gripping purposes. Any thumb hole that is not used with the thumb inserted during the approach would be classified as a balance hole. 2. One hole for balance purposes not to exceed ¼ inches in diameter. This hole may not exceed ¼ inches at any point through the depth of the hole. (Slugs and tape will be allowed, however interchangeable devices are not allowed) BOWL.com 7

8 3. No more than one vent hole to each finger and/or thumb hole not to exceed ¼ inch in diameter. USBC considers a vent hole to be any non-gripping hole that intersects with a gripping hole at any depth. Any hole intended for use as a balance hole that intersects with a gripping hole will instantly be considered a vent hole. This hole may not exceed ¼ inch at any point throughout the depth of the hole. 4. One mill hole for inspection purposes not to exceed 5/8 inch in diameter and /8 inch in depth. Balance The following tolerances shall be permissible in the balance of a bowling ball used in certified competition:. For a ball weighing more than 0.00 pounds a) Not more than 3 ounces difference between the top half of the ball (gripping holes side) and the bottom half of the ball (side opposite the gripping holes). b) Not more than ounce difference between the half of the ball to the left and the half of the ball to the right of the center of grip (side weight). c) Not more than ounce difference between the half of the ball toward the thumb hole side of the center of grip and toward the finger holes side of the center of grip (thumb/ finger weight). d) A ball used without any gripping holes or indentations may not have more than ounce of difference between any two halves of the ball. 2. For a ball weighing 8.0 pounds to 0.00 pounds a) Not more than 2 ounces difference between the top half of the ball (gripping holes side) and the bottom half of the ball (side opposite the gripping holes). b) Not more than 3/4 ounce difference between the half of the ball to the left and the half of the ball to the right of the center of grip (side weight) c) Not more than 3/4 ounce difference between the half of the ball toward the thumb hole side of the center of grip and toward the finger holes side of the center of grip (thumb/finger weight). d) A ball used without any gripping holes or indentations may not have more than 3/4 ounce of difference between any two halves of the ball. 3) For a ball weighing less than 8.00 pounds a) Not more than 3/4 ounce difference between the top half of the ball (gripping holes side) and the bottom half of the ball (side opposite the gripping holes). b) Not more than 3/4 ounce difference between the half of the ball to the left and the half of the ball to the right of the center of grip (side weight) c) Not more than 3/4 ounce difference between the half of the ball toward the thumb hole side of the center of grip and toward the finger holes side of the center of grip (thumb/finger weight). d) A ball used without any gripping holes or indentations may not have more than 3/4 ounce of difference between any two halves of the ball. Determining the Center of Grip The center of grip is to be determined by measuring from the front edge of each finger hole to the front edge of the thumb hole. If more than two fingers holes are used, the center of grip will be determined by averaging the distance between each finger hole and the thumb hole. (See Figures 4, 5, 6, & 7.) BOWL.com 8

9 CORRECT CORRECT CORRECT BLACK - THUMB/FINGER HOLES CORRECT BLACK - THUMB HOLE OR INSIDE FINGER HOLES Figure 4 Figure 5 CORRECT CORRECT Figure 6 CORRECT ORANGE -- THUMB SLUG OR SLEEVE BLACK - INSIDE THUMB/FINGER HOLES Figure 7 CORRECT BLUE - INTERCHANGEABLE THUMB OUTER SLEEVE, IF PRESENT ORANGE - INTERCHANGEABLE THUMB INSERT BLACK - INSIDE THUMB/FINGERHOLES The following eight examples show specifically how to determine grip center as it relates to bowlers who do not use their thumb. Note: The ball must be in specification for balance and hole requirements as the ball rests in the bowler s hand. A ball may be in specification if oriented one particular way but not another. GRIP CENTER BLACK - FINGER GRIPS GRIP CENTER BLACK - INSIDE FINGER GRIPS Figure 8 Figure 9 BLUE - INSIDE OF BALANCE HOLE CORRECT RED CROSSHAIR - GRIP CENTER WHEN BOWLER DOES NOT INSERT THUMB IN HOLE CORRECT GRIP CENTER ORANGE CROSSHAIR - Grip center when bowler inserts thumb in hole BLACK - INSIDE FINGER HOLES Figure 0 BLACK - INSIDE THUMB/ FINGER HOLES GRIP CENTER Figure BLUE - INSIDE BALANCE HOLE CORRECT CORRECT GRIP CENTER Figure 2 BLACK - INSIDE THUMB FINGER HOLES BLUE - INSIDE BALANCE HOLE Figure 3 GRIP CENTER BLACK - INSIDE THUMB/ FINGER HOLES GREEN - INSIDE OF NEW BALANCE HOLE (WAS THUMB HOLE) BLUE - INSIDE ORIGINAL BALANCE HOLE BOWL.com 9

10 Plugs and Designs. Ball plug or slugs may be used for the purpose of re-drilling a ball. When a slug is used, there must be a hole drilled completely through the slug leaving no void at the base. 2. In all cases, there shall be no interior voids. 3. Plugs and designs must be made of material similar to, although not exactly the same as, the original material out of which the ball was made. Plugs and designs must comply with other specifications of a bowling ball. 4. No foreign material may be placed on the outer surface of the ball or in the balance hole, including but not limited to paint, marker or whiteout. Bowling tape is acceptable in a balance hole. 5. Density may not exceed.5 g/ml. Two-Handed Techniques Two-handed Delivery Both hands impart force on the ball to get it down the lane; normally done by swinging the ball between one s legs. Differing greatly from the two-handed approach, this style is most commonly used when youth start to learn how to bowl. Individuals who deliver the ball from the chest using both hands would be considered to be using a two-handed delivery. Two-handed Approach Holes Not to be confused with the two-handed delivery, this style places both hands on the ball and are left on the ball throughout the swing until the release. An evolution of the thumb-less technique, this can be done with or without the thumb on the dominant hand in the ball. It s important as it relates to USBC rules regarding averages and drilling specifications to know which hand is the dominant hand. This is determined by the side of the body by which the ball swings and, if utilized by the player, the hand which is used to grip the bowling ball. This particular style has been made popular as it enables the bowler to create additional revolutions. The limitations governing the drilling of holes in the ball can be found on page 6. Note that for two-handed techniques, the holes or indentations for gripping purposes must be used or be capable of being used by the same hand. BOWL.com 0

11 Bowling Ball Submittal Specifications. Bowling ball manufacturers shall comply with all USBC Equipment Specifications and Certifications Manual specifications in the production of balls for each brand produced and offered for sale, and assume responsibility for such compliance by any other individual, firm, corporation or agent authorized or licensed by the ball manufacturer to use the approved ball formula and manufacturing procedure on the manufacturers behalf. 2. Manufacturers must submit two balls of the same model for testing. These balls are subject to the following requirements: Weight: One sample to be between 3.00 and 4.40 pounds One sample to be at least 5.00 pounds 3. USBC possesses the right to announce ball approval and/or denial in its publications on or through any other media as USBC deems necessary to inform its members of any such action. 4. All boxes in which approved bowling balls are distributed must be clearly marked with the USBC approval logo. All published advertisements will include the USBC approval logo or approval pending logo. The approval pending logo shall be used advising USBC members that the ball is pending USBC approval and to check for its status. 5. Any USBC approved bowling ball may be revoked and withdrawn by USBC at any time by notice of cancellation or revocation to the ball manufacturer, in writing, at its last known address, when USBC determines that balls being produced do not comply with current USBC specifications and requirements in the USBC Equipment Specifications and Certifications Manual. 6. USBC may withhold approval of any bowling ball to preserve the essential character and integrity of the sport of bowling or for fairness of play. In addition, USBC Approved status may be revoked and withdrawn if USBC determines through testing and analysis of scientific data that such bowling balls may affect the essential character or integrity of the sport of bowling or fairness of play. In the event of a withdrawal, the ball manufacturer shall terminate production and distribution of any ball marketed as USBC Approved as of the date determined by USBC. The ball manufacturer will be responsible to pay for outside laboratory fees when additional, independent, scientific testing and analysis is required. 7. All product testing and approval is specific to that particular place of manufacture. If manufacturing of a previously approved product changes locations, that equipment must be re-tested. All testing fees shall apply. Any equipment which has shifted manufacturing facilities shall be deemed unapproved until the completion of testing by USBC. Any equipment release prior to USBC approval shall be subject to fines as outlined in the Bowling Ball Testing Fee Schedule. 8. Allow 5 business days for bowling ball approval. BOWL.com

12 Bowling Ball Approval Requirements. Each ball model submitted for approval must meet all of the physical specifications. Additional testing for balls that fall within specified ranges on certain physical specifications will be required as follows: a. Coefficient of friction (for balls weighing 3.00 pounds or greater) i. Eight additional balls must be submitted (specific weight to be determined by USBC) for balls with a measured coefficient of friction between and the maximum ii. All eight additional samples must be below the maximum coefficient of friction specification of b. Coefficient of restitution i. Eight additional balls must be submitted (specific weight to be determined by USBC) for balls with a measured coefficient of restitution between and the maximum of ii. All eight additional samples must be below the maximum coefficient of restitution specification of c. Radius of gyration i. Eight additional balls must be submitted (specific weight to be determined by USBC) for balls with a measured radius of gyration between the minimum of and or between and the maximum of ii. In the case of low end of the specification, the average radius of gyration (about a specific axis) of all samples of similar weight must be no lower than In the case of the high end of the specification, the average radius of gyration (about a specific axis) of all samples of similar weight must be no higher than d. Differential radius of gyration for brand new core designs only i. Eight additional balls must be submitted (specific weight to be determined by USBC) for balls with a measured differential radius of gyration between and the ii. The average differential radius of gyration of all samples of similar weight must be no, higher than for the ball to be approved without participation in the optional supplemental testing process. iii. If through the supplemental testing process it can be proven that balls are not designed above the maximum specification of and have less than 0.6% rate of non-conforming balls, the ball will be approved. e. Surface Roughness i. Eight additional balls must be submitted (specific weight to be determined by USBC) for balls whose measured surface roughness, Ra, is between 42 μin and 65 μin. ii. The average surface roughness of all samples of similar weight must be less than the maximum surface roughness specification of 50 μin. 2. Each ball model submitted for approval must meet all of the marking specifications. Additional testing for balls that do not meet the marking requirements is as follows: a. Pin and Low RG axis i. Eight additional balls must be submitted (specific weight to be determined by USBC) for balls whose low RG axis is not within a radius of the center of the pin. ii. All eight additional samples must have the low RG axis within a radius of the center of the pin. b. PSA and High RG axis i. Eight additional balls must be submitted for balls where the center of the PSA marking is not within a.5 radius of the high RG axis of the ball. All eight additional samples must have the high RG axis within a.5 radius of the PSA marking. BOWL.com 2

13 ii. Eight additional balls must be submitted for balls that have a PSA marking and the measured intermediate differential is All eight additional samples must have an intermediate differential of and the PSA marking removed or have an intermediate differential of or greater. iii. Eight additional balls must be submitted for balls that do not have a PSA marking and the measured intermediate differential is 0.00 or greater. All eight additional balls must have a PSA marking that is within a.5 radius of the high RG axis or an intermediate differential of Balls which are not approved based on marking requirements only may be corrected and resubmitted for approval. For pin and Low RG axis resubmissions, the corrected ball must be submitted with a different color pin. Balls which are not approved will not be reconsidered for approval unless the ball is resubmitted with a name and/or significant color change. Balls resubmitted must meet all current specifications In addition, one of the following changes must occur: a. Core/Weight block design change b. Coverstock change 4. Non-High Performance Bowling Balls a. For a ball to be considered non-high performance it must have the following: i. Polyester or basic urethane coverstock ii. Pancake, Bullet or similar 3-piece core design iii. Differential Radius of Gyration measuring less than inches b. First production of a non-high performance ball must be submitted for approval testing. Subsequent color or logo/name changes are considered under the blanket approval of that particular ball model upon submission of a ball approval application and photograph of the new ball. The photograph should showcase all required markings on the ball. c. In the case where a non-high performance ball has been approved for a single brand and is now being manufactured by the same manufacturer for another brand, only a ball approval application, photograph of the ball seeking approval showcasing all required markings and appropriate testing fee are required. 5. For balls to be considered the same, they must measure statistically similar on any test. Gauge discrimination will be taken into account. 6. Authority for approval or rejection of bowling balls is vested in the USBC Equipment Specifications Department based solely on the test results. If a manufacturer wishes to dispute the decision on a bowling ball, the issue may be appealed to the USBC Equipment Specifications and Certifications Committee within 30 days. The committee will make their final decision at the next scheduled meeting. BOWL.com 3

14 Bowling Ball Testing Fee Schedule. All bowling balls intended for use in any USBC certified competition shall be submitted for and required to obtain USBC approval prior to use in any USBC certified competition. All bowling balls produced and offered for sale to USBC members for use in certified competition shall comply with current USBC specifications and requirements. 2. A USBC Equipment Specification Bowling Ball Application Sheet must accompany all bowling balls submitted for approval. 3. The following fees apply to bowling ball testing: Testing a. Basic test fee for initial approval: $550 per ball (3-6 pounds) b. Basic test fee for balls manufactured only under 3 pounds: $250 c. Balls needing additional testing prior to approval: i. Surface Roughness: $500 ii. Total Differential / COR / RG (more than one axis): $400 iii. COF / RG ( axis)/ other: $350 d. Balls tested on an expedited basis: $,300 e. Non-high-performance balls that are manufactured by the same manufacturer and are previously approved for another brand: $00 Regulation a. Fees for balls released prior to USBC approval: $4,000 per ball plus any amounts expended to correct the non-compliant ball release, any damages incurred by USBC together with any legal fees incurred by USBC b. Fees for failure to identify a USBC approved ball with either the USBC approval or pending logo in any advertisement, bowling publication or other: $750 per occurrence plus any legal fees incurred by USBC c. Fees for identifying, in a bowling publication or other or on any ball or ball box, a ball as USBC approved when it is not: $750 per occurrence plus any legal fees incurred by USBC d. Fees for any ball found to not have the same core and/or coverstock as that which was previously approved: $4,000 per ball plus any amounts expended to correct the non-compliant ball release and any legal fees incurred by USBC e. Fees for any second quality ball (X-Comp, X-Blem, X-Out, etc.) found to not have the same core and/or coverstock as the original first quality model: $4,000 per ball plus any legal fees incurred by USBC f. Fees for any ball found to not have the same required markings Figures 3a and 3b as that which was previously approved: $2,000 per ball plus any amounts expended to correct the non-compliant ball release and any legal fees incurred by USBC Notes Late fee charge of.5% per month will apply for all outstanding invoices not paid within 30 days. 4. The ball manufacturer will be responsible for all shipping costs, including the return of additional test balls when required. 5. Failure to remit payment in a reasonable amount of time will results in revocation of approval status and cessation of approval testing on new products. BOWL.com 4

15 Spot Checking The USBC possesses the right to spot check bowling balls during the course of the year. USBC approval may be revoked if it is determined that the production balls are significantly different than the submitted test balls or do not comply with current specifications and requirements outlined in the USBC Equipment Specifications and Certifications Manual. PROCESS As of January 202, USBC shall select brands at random throughout the year for spot check testing. The selected model will be tested and those results will be compared to the original sample balls submitted for testing. If this initial spot checking testing produces results that fall outside of USBC specifications, or it is determined that the results are statistically different from the original sample balls, then a secondary round of testing will be performed from a different batch. If this secondary round of testing produces similar results, the manufacturer in question will be placed on probationary status for no less than year accompanied by a fine not to exceed $8000 in addition to any previously received testing fees. BOWL.com 5

16 USBC Tenpin Specifications Material A. USBC approved pins shall be made of new (unused), sound, hard wood and must comply with all technical specifications. Editor s Note: Sound means the wood shall be free of any decay that has advanced to a point where it can be recognized by color or softening of the wood and shall not have the following defects:. Cracks due to drying of the wood 2. Skip, torn or chipped grain in ball zone exceeding a two-square-inch area or having a maximum depth greater than /8 inch 3. Open glue joints in laminated pins due to either uneven facing surfaces, inadequate glue pressure or poor gluing 4. Cross grain exceeding slope of inch in 0 inches 5. Knots and bark pockets with maximum dimension exceeding /4 inch in neck, 3/8 inch at pin bottom, inch in head and ¾ inches in ball zone 6. Each pin may be constructed of one piece, or two or more laminated pieces, provided that all lamination runs parallel to the vertical axis of the pin. B. Any pin that is not made of wood shall be classified as synthetic and must be submitted to USBC for testing and approval before it can be used in certified competition. Approval agreements of any synthetic pin must be manually signed by an authorized company representative and countersigned by a designated USBC officer.. Manufacturer s specifications for (type of pin) dated to produce following or additional physical properties: type of material tensile strength p.s.i., tear min. die (ASTM), elongation min., modulus of compression min. (at percent), scleroscope hardness min/max/ mean (Hardness values effective after hours, or days mold, air, or forced cure time.) test on Shore (Model C-2) scleroscope with diamond head hammer. Calculations obtained from average of 0 readings varying to.5 inches apart at 4 ¾ inches above the pin base. 2. Thickness (if applicable): individual measurement points, amount and tolerances to be established by laboratory test and mutual agreement. Adhesives Adhesives used in laminating pins should be of such types that they will withstand the forces of temperature, moisture and play that occur in service of a bowling pin, and they should be sufficiently durable to provide satisfactory quality joints during the life of the pin. Only adhesives conforming to the quality required by commercial standards, or federal specifications for the appropriate adhesive, should be used. It is advisable to obtain certification from the adhesive manufacturer that the adhesive is acceptable for laminating wood for bowling pins. BOWL.com 6

17 The bonding quality of the glue must not be affected by any process presently being used in the manufacture of any USBC approved plastic-coated pins. Mixing, spreading, storage, working and assembly life should be in accordance with the manufacturer s recommendations. Each lot of adhesive should be certified as conforming to the applicable specifications. Gluing procedures should conform to those described in the Forest Products Laboratory (U.S. Department of Agriculture) manual entitled Fabrication and Design of Glued Laminated Wood Structural Members. Finish and Coatings Pins used in USBC certified competition shall only bear the name and trademark of the original manufacturer or distributor and be marked USBC Approved. Except for reasonable wear, neck markings and color, the pins in each pair of lanes must be uniform in appearance including permit number, finish and labels. The coating shall be solid color and/or transparent (clear) with the exception of neck markings, identifications symbols and names, which must be contrasting color. The material shall establish, upon laboratory test and mutual agreement, its own physical property specifications, some of which may include: tensile strength, yield, tear, elongation, hardness and others if applicable. At no time may a pin be painted or any supplemental finish be applied that has not been evaluated and approved by USBC. Note: For permit renewals, all coatings and finish materials must meet a percent similarity specification. If pins fail to meet these specifications, USBC will conclude the pin is a different pin than was initially submitted, therefore denying permit renewal. Coating Thickness Coating thicknesses of plastic-coated pins will be developed independently with each manufacturer. These tolerances are individually applicable at the head, neck, ball line and base locations based on the average of 0 equidistant measurements around the pin. In addition, the measured coating must fall within the maximum/minimum tolerance for each of the 0 measurements. Coating Average Tolerance ± ± and greater ±0.025 Synthetic Pin Core Filling (if applicable) Physical properties Material Weight of fill material as oz plus/minus oz Density Tensile strength Yield p.s.i. Tear p.s.i. Elongation percent Synthetic Pin Balance Pins to be balanced around the vertical axis with a maximum tolerance of five grams. BOWL.com 7

18 Synthetic Radius of Gyration Pins will set their own radius of gyration and tolerance based on the samples submitted at time of testing provided the tolerance does not exceed plus/minus inch. Synthetic Pin Center of Gravity Pins will set their own center of gravity and tolerance based on the samples submitted at time of testing provided the tolerance does not exceed plus/minus 5/32 inch. The manufacturer of pins described herein shall have a device approved by USBC to pinpoint the exact center of gravity. A daily spot check of pins in production to ensure specification compliance is mandated. Hardness Consistency Design Hardness determinations of the coating shall be established by a scleroscope hardness test. Minimum and maximum hardness values shall be established for each specific plastic coating, which shall be calculated from 0 measurement readings from to.5 inches apart at the largest diameter on the pin, 4.75 inches above the pin base. The specification for each pin will be set at the average of these readings with a tolerance of plus/minus 0. The top of the pin shall have a uniform arc with a radius of.273 inches. A plus/minus tolerance of /32 inch shall be permitted. The taper from station to station shall be gradual so that all lines have a graceful curve. Durability Field tests by USBC must indicate that newly submitted pins will remain in play for at least,000 impact games per set if they are wood core and 2,000 impact games per set if they are synthetic. An impact game is predicated on usage in automatic pinsetting devices using 20 or 2 pins, i.e. each 0 frame game is equal to ½ impact game. Wood core: Coating loss at the ball line not to exceed 5 percent Breakage not to exceed 2 percent at the neck Synthetic:. Breakage not to exceed 5 percent in the area from the shoulder to and including the base 2. Breakage not to exceed 2 percent at or above the neck BOWL.com 8

19 Controlled Weight Pins Controlled weight pins may be classified as USBC approved upon compliance with the following requirements:. To control the weight of wood core tenpins in order to provide uniformity within applicable weight requirements, the pin may be constructed with voids in its core, provided that such voids do not affect the pin balance around the longitudinal axis or appreciably alter pin performance characteristics through its normal life. The pin must otherwise conform to all specifications for a wood core plastic-coated pin. 2. Any void in a pin must extend through the center block. If not, the void must be balanced by an equal and oppositely placed void on the same axis and such axis must not be oblique to the longitudinal axis. 3. The manufacturer shall employ a USBC accepted device to check such pins accurately for center of gravity tolerances. 4. Spot checks of pins in production shall be made daily to ensure that they meet specification. Densified Tenpin A bowling pin shall be classified as densified when by a separate manufacturing operation, it has an area or areas where the wood is compressed, or impregnated and compressed, and the wood is stabilized at the increased density so that it does not recover at the relative humidity that occurs in service. The density shall be increased sufficiently so that the hardness (as measured by the Janka ball test, ASTM D-43-52, Sections 83-87) of the densified portion shall be at least 75 percent more than the undensified wood of the same pin. The hard wood used in such modification in the ball line area must meet USBC material criteria. All densified tenpins must meet the USBC specifications for wood core plastic-coated pins. BOWL.com 9

20 Bowling Pin Dimensions SPECIFICATION TOLERANCE STATION Diameter Maximum Minimum 3 /2 Above Base /8 Above Base /4 Above Base /8 Above Base Above Base /8 Above Base /8 Above Base /4 Above Base /8 Above Base /2 Above Base /8 Above Base /4 Above Base /4 Above Base Base with 5/32 radius Flat Diameter TOLERANCE OTHER SPECIFICATIONS SPECIFICATIONS Maximum Minimum Weight 3 lbs, 0 oz 3 lbs, 6 oz Height 5 (5.000 ) * Hole Depth (Standard, not specification) 2 ( ) Hole Size 27/64 ( ) * Cup Diameter (Standard, not specification) 3/4 ( ) Radius at Base 5/32 ( 0.56 ) Center of Gravity 5 5/6 ( 5.78 ) /6 5 5/8 Radius of Gyration Moisture Content 2% 6% Coefficient of Restitution Approved by the Equipment Specs Committee and effective May, 200, the new specifications are as follows: PIN BASE PIN COAT CLEAR COAT % OF SIMILARITY % OF SIMILARITY % OF SIMILARITY Acceptance Specification Warning Specification BOWL.com 20

21 Bowling Pin Measurements BOWL.com 2

22 Bases No part of the base shall protrude beyond the base attachment, but that portion of the base within the base attachment may be recessed as much as.025 inches. As an alternate specification, the area of the base within the base attachment may be concave so that it is recessed at least.025 inch at the junction with the base attachment, gradually declining toward the center to a depth of.25 inch. When any portion of the pin protrudes beyond the base attachment, such pin is unacceptable for USBC certified competition until necessary corrections have been made to comply with the foregoing specifications. All pins shall be rounded at the outer edge of the base by the manufacturer on a 5/32 inch (.56) radius with a plus or minus tolerance of 2/64 inch (.03). The diameter of the base, exclusive of the rounded edge, shall not be less than two inches. For the life of the pin, any base diameter less than two inches is unacceptable for USBC certified competition. Base Diameter not less than 2".56 Radius.000" to.025" Minus Figure 6 Base Diameter not less than 2".56 Radius.025" to.25" Minus Figure Radius Plastic base and wood post.000" to.0252" recess of wook post.000" to.025" Minus Base Diameter not less than 2" 2.250" Pivot point of.56" radius is located.56 from bottom and side of pin as shown. So arc is tangent to both borrom and side of pin Figure 8 BOWL.com 22

23 Base Attachments Base attachments must be USBC approved and manufactured in accordance with the specifications established by the USBC Equipment Specification and Certification Committee (see specs for Base Attachments). 2 3 /6 " Toleranace 3 /6 " Plus /4 " /4 " " 7 /8 " Maximum 3 /8 " Maximum 5 /32 " Radius, Tolerance Plus or Minus /32 " /6 " Tolerances 3 /6 " 5 /6 " Minus Plus Base Diameter not less than 2".000" to.025" Minus Figure /6 " Toleranace 3 /6 " Minus 7 /8 " Maximum 3 /8 " Maximum Figure " to.25" Minus 3 /8 " Tolerances 3 /6 " Plus Base Diameter not less than 2" 5 /32 " Radius 2 6 /6 " Toleranace 3 /6 " Minus 7 /8 " Maximum 3 /8 " Maximum 3 /8 " 5 Tolerances 8 /32 " Radius /6 " Plus.000" to.025" Minus Base Diameter not less than 2" Figure 2 Label and Marking Pins manufactured for USBC certified competition shall bear the name and trademark of the original manufacturer or distributor and be marked USBC Approved. All pins shall bear two labels for the life of the pin. One half of the pin shall be the designated area for a manufacturer s label and it shall include the following items in its design:. The trade name. 2. The USBC Permit Number under which USBC approval was authorized. 3. The USBC Certification Mark in a size measuring at least 3/4 inch in diameter. See Certification Mark below. BOWL.com 23

24 The following designation (in full or acceptable abbreviation form) must appear on the manufacturer s label when applicable:. Controlled Weight 2. Densified 3. Plastic Coated 4. Reference to type of reinforcement (i.e. nylon reinforced ) 5. Synthetic Manufacturers or distributors shall use a distinctive label, reserved exclusively for pins meeting USBC specifications. In addition to the manufacturer s label, a second label shall be a special USBC Label made in conformity to design provided by the USBC. It shall be affixed diametrically opposite the manufacturer s label and not measure less than 2 in diameter. APPROVED PLASTIC COATED APPROVED Figure 22 Figure 23 USBC Registered Service Mark United States Bowling Congress is the owner of the following certification marks applied to tenpins by the manufacturer to certify the tenpins meet USBC specifications. Tenpins having the proper certification mark are approved for use in certified USBC competition.. Applies to all tenpins APPROVED Figure 24 BOWL.com 24

25 2. Applies to approved plastic-coated wood tenpins APPROVED PLASTIC COATED Figure Applies to approved synthetic tenpins APPROVED IC S Y N T H E T Figure Applies to all test pins APPROVED T E S T P IN New Pin Submission Timeframe Figure 27 May Letter of intention to test must be submitted to USBC. Products must be in USBC testing area at the same time. May 5 Pins must pass threshold and ramp tests. August All products being tested must be installed. Pin Permit Renewal Timeframe June Any pins received after this date will be subject to an expedited fee. July 3 This is the last day for approvals for the upcoming season. Any pins received after this date will be approved for the following season. BOWL.com 25

26 USBC Tenpin Approval Process Any pin used in certified competition must have a permit number. New Pin Submission Completed application Four pins submitted for threshold testing 40 pins submitted for Bowl Score testing Adequate number of pins to complete field testing (See USBC Process for Product Testing) Permit Renewal and/or Label Change Completed application Four pins submitted for threshold testing Manufacturers With Change Of Address Or A Production Lapse Of Greater Than Six Months Completed application Four pins submitted for threshold testing 40 pins submitted for Bowl Score testing BOWL.com 26

27 Bowling Pin Testing Fee Structure. All bowling pins intended for use in any USBC certified competition shall be submitted for and required to obtain approval prior to use in any USBC certified competition. All bowling pins produced and offered for sale to proprietors for use in certified competition shall comply with current USBC specifications and requirements. 2. A USBC Equipment Specification Bowling Pin Application Sheet must accompany all bowling pins submitted for approval. 3. The following fees apply to bowling pin testing: Testing a. Threshold testing per permit number i. Basic fee: $400 ii. Expedited fee: $,000 b. Pins needing additional testing prior to approval: i. Bowl Score: $,000. Bowl Score expeditited fee: $2,000 ii. COR: $45 per pin iii. RG: $45 per pin c. Field test: $5,000 fee i. Manufacturer must pay for the full set of control pins ii. Manufacturer must pay for the full set of test pins Regulation a. Fees for pins released prior to USBC approval: $4,000 per permit number plus any amounts expended to correct the non-compliant pin release and any damages incurred by USBC b. Fees for failure to identify a USBC approved pin with either the USBC approval or test pin logo in any advertisement, bowling publication or other: $750 per occurrence plus any legal fees incurred by USBC c. Fees for identifying, in a bowling publication or other, a pin as approved when it is not: $750 per occurrence plus any legal fees incurred by USBC NOTE: Late fee charge of.5% per month will apply for all outstanding invoices not paid within 30 days. 4. The pin manufacturer will be responsible for all shipping costs, including the return of additional test pins when required. Spot Checking The USBC possesses the right to spot check pins during the course of the year. USBC approval may be revoked if it is determined that the production pins are significantly different than the submitted test pins or do not comply with current specifications and requirements outlined in the USBC Equipment Specifications and Certifications Manual. PROCESS As of January 202, USBC shall select brands at random throughout the year for spot check testing. The selected permit will be tested and those results will be compared to the original threshold pins submitted for testing. If this initial spot checking testing produces results that fall outside of USBC specifications, or it is determined that the results are statistically different from the original threshold pins, then a secondary round of testing will be performed from a different batch. If this secondary round of testing produces similar results, the manufacturer in question will be placed on probationary status for no less than year accompanied by a fine not to exceed $0,000 in addition to any previously received testing fees. BOWL.com 27

28 USBC Process For Product Testing. Official test may be conducted in any Dallas/Fort Worth area commercial center agreeable to the proposer and USBC provided that at least 250 bowlers conduct their schedule on the same group of lanes. 2. The test product is to be installed on pairs of lanes which coincide with the selected leagues. Installation can be side by side or staggered at the option of the proposer. 3. The leagues selected for durability data must bowl at least 28 weeks, which will provide for lane schedule equity of all teams. 4. Scoreability data will be compiled weekly in the following manner: a. Computer input will record all scores on a weekly basis b. Scoring comparisons are based on the average of a minimum of 250 individual bowlers who complete a minimum of 2 games on both the test product and the approved (control) product 5. Product acceptability is based on the test product qualifying within the criteria adopted as USBC Scoring Level Policy for Approval. 6. Test specifications including lane maintenance procedures, product and lane dressing evaluations shall be agreed upon by the proposer and USBC prior to commencement of the test. USBC Scoring Level Policy 250 bowlers must complete 2 or more games on the control products and the test product. Bowler s averages on the test product and control product are arranged side by side, and the mean difference in average between the test product and control product is calculated. The data is tested for normality in order to determine the statistical test used: Data is normally distributed (Including mathematical transforms) Paired-t Test Data is not normally distributed Wilcoxon Signed Rank Test Statistical test is evaluated for two criteria: The mean of the difference must fall between -3 and +2 The confidence interval around the mean of the difference must include 0 The product will pass provided the two statistical criteria are met. Regulation Bowling Lane A regulation bowling lane, including flat gutters, kickbacks and approach, must be constructed of wood and/or other materials which have been tested according to USBC procedures for the specified time period and approved. Note: For areas beyond the pin deck not covered in the USBC Equipment Specifications and Certification Manual, standard installation procedures are acceptable unless, upon inspection, it is deemed that an area in question may affect specifications and/or scoring. In these instances, the USBC Equipment Specifications and Certification Department should be contacted. Synthetic Products All non-wood material used in the manufacturing of lane components must be presented to USBC for evaluation and possible testing before use in certified competition. If approved, they may not be altered by the use of coatings, etc. unless these coatings have been presented to USBC for evaluation and possible testing. In addition, all products must contain an approval label with the following requirements: BOWL.com 28

29 . The label must be permanent, lasting the life of the product. 2. The label must be clearly visible after the product is installed in the bowling center. 3. The label must identify the company as the manufacturer. 4. The label must contain an approval number assigned by USBC and state that it is USBC Approved. Approach Extending from and exclusive of the foul line there shall be an unobstructed level appraoch which shall be:. Not less than 5 feet in length. 2. Free from depressions exceeding /4 inch. 3. Not less than the width of the lane. Foul Line The foul line shall be:. Not less than 3/8 inch nor more than inch in width. 2. At a minimum, the entire width of the lane. 3. Distinctly marked upon or embedded between the lane and approach. It may be requried the the foul line be plainly marked on the walls, posts, division boards or any point on a line with the regular foul line. (For more information on the foul line see the section on Automatic Foul Detecting Device.) Composition The lane must be constructed entirely of wood and/or synthetic materials which have been approved by USBC. BOWL.com 29

30 Length Width. The overall length of a regulation lane, including the pin deck, has a reference dimension of 62 feet, 0 3/6 inches, measured from the lane side of the foul line to the rear edge of the pin deck (not including the tail plank). 2. It must be 60 feet, plus/minus ½ inch, from the lane side of the foul line to the center of the No. pin spot. 3. It must be 34 3/6 inches, plus/minus /6 inch, from the center of the No. pin spot to the rear edge of the pin deck (not including the tail plank). Surface The lane shall be 4½ inches, plus/minus ½ inch, wide.. The surface must be free of all continuous grooves or ridge. 2. On the surface of the lane/panel for all initial installations, there shall be a limit of 40/000 of an inch over a 42-inch span for each of the following: a. Crosswise Measurements i. Crosswise Tilt ii. Crowns iii. Depressions b. Lengthwise Measurement i. Lengthwise Tilt 3. There shall be no crosswise tilt in excess of the 40/000 inch over the width of the lane. 4. The same lane finish coating shall be applied from edge board to edge board. 5. The coefficient of friction of all lane surfaces shall not exceed 0.29 when measured with a USBC approved device. a. All bowling lane finish coatings as well as all synthetic lane surfaces must be submitted to USBC for coefficient of friction testing before use in certified competition. 6. All lane surface coatings must bear labels stating This product complies with USBC specifications when applied as directed by the manufacturer. USBC Regulation Bowling Lane Dimensions Typical Cross Section of Bowling Lane Round Gutters from foul line to pin deck area. 60 /8 " 2 3 /4 "* 9 /4 " + - /4 " /4 " +_ /8 " 4 /2 " +_ /2 " 9 /4 " + - /4 " /4 " 2 to 0 /2 "* NOTE: This particular measurement is not a USBC specification but is an accepted standard for installing bowling lanes. Figure 29 Lane and Approach Markings or Designs Lane and approach markings shall only be permitted in accordance with the following specifications: BOWL.com 30

31 . Measured from the foul line, a maximum of seven guides may be embedded in or stamped on the approach at each of the following points: 2-6 inches; 3-4 feet; 6-7 feet; 9-0 feet; -2 feet; and 4-5 feet. Each series of guides shall be parallel to the foul line and each guide shall be circular in shape and shall not exceed ¾ inch in diameter. 2. At a point 6-8 feet beyond the foul line and parallel thereto, there may be embedded in or stamped on the lane a maximum of 0 guides. Each guide shall be uniform, circular in shape, and shall not exceed ¾ inch in diameter. 3. At a point 2-6 feet beyond the foul line, there may be embedded in or stamped on the lane a maximum of seven targets. Each of the targets shall be uniform and may consist of one or more dowels, darts, diamond, triangles, or rectangular designs. The overall surface covered by each target shall not be more than ¼ inches in width and six inches in length. Each target must be equidistant from one another and set in a uniform pattern. 4. At a point feet beyond the foul line, there may be a maximum of four targets. Each target must be uniform in appearance and shall not be wider than a single board or longer than 36 inches. 5. Embedded markings or designs shall be of wood, fiber or plastic and shall be flush and level with the surface of the lanes and approaches. 6. When the markings are stamped on wood lanes, they shall be applied to the bare wood and then covered with lacquer, urethane, or similar liquid transparent material generally used in resurfacing. All such installations in any one center shall be uniform as to design and measurements and at least on natural pairs of lanes. 7. Glow/Cosmic bowling may only be certified on lanes that meet all of the specifications listed under Lane and Approach Markings or Designs. 8. Glow/Cosmic lane designs must only be visible in glow conditions. 9. Advisories about crossing the foul line: a. On-Lane Decals: In an area within two inches, but not closer than one-half inch of the foul line, there may be an advisory about crossing the foul line. The wording/lettering/symbols of the advisory may be to ½ inches tall. The advisory shall run parallel to, and shall not extend more than two inches from the edge of the foul line. The advisory must be first submitted to the USBC Specifications Department for prior approval. b. Embedded in lane panels: In an area within 4 ¾ inches to the foul line, there may be an advisory about crossing the foul line embedded into the lane panel/surface. The wording/lettering of the advisory must be: to ½ inches tall, oriented parallel to the foul line, and no more than two lines of text. Any caution or warning symbols may be no larger than 3.5 inches tall by 4 inches wide. The advisory must be first submitted to the USBC Specifications Department for prior approval. 0. For certification process, a center shall have each lane numerically numbered and not duplicated. The number may or may not be visible to the general public but must be easily seen by the inspector, e.g. on the back side of the masking unit. Designs and Logos Special Events Some special events (such as PBA events, televised events, etc.) may be allowed to imprint or display (physically or virtually) designs or logos on the playing area (lane, approach, etc.) while still maintaining USBC certified status. This requires prior written consent from USBC. All other lane specifications must be met in accordance with this manual (e.g. no decals above the surface of the lane, etc.). Contact the USBC Equipment Specifications and Certification Department for an application sheet, association fees, and more information. BOWL.com 3

32 Non-commercial Centers (Universities, Fraternal, Military, and Other) Non-commercial bowling centers may be allowed to imprint or display (physically or virtually) designs or logos, such as school mascots or crests, within the approved area on the approach while still maintaining USBC certified status. (See Figure 30) Figure 30 The approved logo area is defined as the approach area between the first and second sets of dots from the back of the approach, with a 6 buffer on each side. Note: See page 24 for definitions of acceptable locations of approach markings or dots. (See Figure 3.) Bowling Lane with Safe Area for logo Foul line SAFE AREA Acceptable area is ONLY 6 past the first set of approach markings, between either 9-0 or -2 depending on installation and 6 before the row of dots farthest from the foul line. Figure 3 The logo must not cover any of the approach markings. The logo itself must be placed within or under the top surface so as to not have a different texture or feel. This requires prior written consent from USBC. All other lane specifications must be met in accordance with this manual (e.g. no decals above the surface of the lane, etc.). BOWL.com 32

33 Synthetic Bowling Lane All synthetic bowling lanes must be USBC approved and meet all specifications for regulation bowling lanes in addition to the following: Identification On synthetic lane surfaces, each panel must have at least one label that meets all of the following requirements:. The label, identifying the manufacturer, must be permanent, lasting the life of the product and clearly visible after it is installed. 2. The label must contain an approval number assigned by USBC and state USBC Approved. 3. The color of the label can be similar to the colors used in the pattern as long as they are visible upon inspection. 4. The label must be located on the lane per manufacturer s agreement with USBC. 5. The size of the label shall be limited to the width of the board (approximately /6 inches) and shall not exceed 2 inches in length. USBC approval is based on specifications and sample material provided at the time of application and the foregoing conditions. Any modifications or anticipated change in construction, materials, and/or installation procedures must be reported to USBC to ensure continued approval under these terms. Gaps and Drop Off On synthetic lane surfaces, either panelized or overlay, where two panels meet, the following specifications must be met:. The leading edge of one panel shall be flush with, or not more than 40/000 inch below the trailing edge of the adjoining panel at any point across the width of the lane. 2. The leading edge of the first panel shall be flush with, or not more than 80/000 inch below the trailing edge of the foul line at any point across the width of the lane. 3. The gap between the leading and trailing edge of adjoining panels, across the width of the lane, shall not exceed 50/000 inch at the time of installation. (See Figure 32) Leading and Trailing Edges Foul Line Trailing Edge Trailing Edge Trailing Edge Trailing Edge Trailing Edge Trailing Edge Pin Deck 2 Leading Edge Leading Edge Leading Edge Leading Edge Leading Edge Leading Edge A B TRAILING EDGE LEADING EDGE.040" Drop.050" Maximum Gap Figure 32 BOWL.com 33

34 Lane Surface Submittal Specifications. Lane surface manufacturers shall comply with all USBC Equipment Specifications and Certifications Manual specifications in the production of lane panels. 2. New surface submission A completed application needs to be submitted. Manufacturers must submit a sample of each of the following lane panel types for testing. A minimum of three samples are required. o One sample needs to be from a dot panel with the dots included within the sample. o One sample needs to be from the arrow panel with the arrow markings included within the sample. o One sample needs to be from a common panel. o If your lane surface contains a panel from any other non-common panel that has markings (e.g., down lane markers) then a sample of that panel is required as a fourth panel. Each sample must be a minimum of 26 square inches with a minimum width of 6 inches (e.g., 6 inches by 36 inches). 3. Similar As lane surface submission A completed application needs to be submitted. Any surface that is not renewed at its scheduled renewal time will be eligible for Similar As submission. One sample must be submitted measuring 26 square inches with a minimum width of 6 inches (e.g., 6 inches by 36 inches). Other situations eligible for Similar As testing will be determined on a case-by-case basis. The Similar As testing process involves passing a 2-sample t test compared with the original material. o The only exception to this is if a change has been made within a panel because a particular component of the panel can no longer be procured. A written confirmation from the vendor of the component on behalf of the lane panel manufacturer is required. Upon approval, the lane surface will be allowed to retain the permit number issued to the original lane surface. 4. Colored lane surfaces of an existing approved lane surface A completed application needs to be submitted. Each new colored surface will be identified by its own individual permit number. One sample must be submitted measuring 26 square inches with a minimum width of 6 inches (e.g., 6 inches by 36 inches). The colored lane surface will be tested as Similar As against the existing approved surface. 5. Lane surface permit renewal A completed application needs to be submitted. One sample must be submitted for testing to renew the 2-year permit of the lane surface in the month of October prior to the renewal year. The sample must be a minimum of 26 square inches with a minimum width of 6 inches (e.g., 6 inches by 36 inches). For the permit to be renewed, the testing results must match the previously submitted samples within the tolerance of each measurement system. Once the sample matches previously testing samples it will continue to be on the Current Lane Surface Manufacturing Permits list. Lane surfaces no longer being manufactured that are USBC approved do not require a permit renewal and are listed on the Lane Surface Archive. 6. Allow 5 business days for all lane surface testing. BOWL.com 34

35 Lane Surface Testing Fee Structure The following fees apply to lane panel testing. New surface approval testing: $ Similar As testing: $ Lane surface permit renewal testing (2 year permit): $00 4. Colored lane panels of an existing approved lane surface: $ Expedited testing: $000 The following parameters will be tested as part of the new procedure: Parameter Lower Specification Limit Upper Specification Limit Durometer 92.5 n/a Ra n/a 2. μin. Rs n/a 5288 μin. Panel Thickness NEMA Std. LD NEMA Std. LD COF n/a 0.29 Sward Hardness 35 D n/a BOWL.com 35

36 PinDeck Area Composition The pin deck may be constructed entirely of hardwood. Synthetic materials, alone or in combination with other materials, may be used provided these materials have been tested and approved by USBC. Edge Boards The edge boards must be rounded on a radius of not more than 5/32 inch. If the radius is removed, such radius must be restored. The edge board may be constructed entirely of hardwood without testing. Synthetic materials, alone or in combination with other materials, may be used provided these materials have been tested and approved by USBC. Edge Strip Specifications /2 " Maximum Thickness 5 /32 " Radius When the 5 /32 " Radius is removed Through Resurfacing, It Must Be Restored /2 " Minimum Depth at Time of Installation on a New Edge Board Length of Strip Shall Extend From Point Opposite No. Pin to End of Lane Screw Holes Countersunk " From Ends And 5" to 6" Apart (Standard, Not a Specification) Outside Board Figure 33 Synthetic Edge Strip A synthetic edge strip, measuring not more than ½ inch in thickness and:. not less than ½ inches in depth, at time of installation on a new edge board 2. not less than one inch in depth, at time of installation on an existing edge board A synthetic edge strip may be attached to the side of the pin deck nearest the gutters and at a minimum, shall extend from a point opposite the No. pin to the pit. It must be installed vertically so the synthetic material exposed on the pin deck surface is not in excess of ½ inch. Synthetic Pin Decks If the pin deck surface includes the tail plank, the end of the lane must be visibly identified with a minimum mark of at least two inches in length on the 0-pin side of the pin deck for the life of the pin deck. If nonwood pin decks are in use with either wood or nonwood lane surfaces, the leading edge of the pin deck must be flush to, with not more than 40/000 inch below, the trailing edge of the adjoining lane section across the width of the lane. The gap between the pin deck and the adjoining lane section, across the width of the lane, shall not exceed 50/000 inch at time of installation. BOWL.com 36

37 Pin Spots There must be 0 visible pin spots on the pin deck that meet all specifications. All pin spots, upon which the pins must be set, shall be clearly identified for the life of the pin deck and be 2¼ inches in diameter, plus/minus /6 inch, and meet the following location specifications:. Spaced 2 inches, plus/minus /6 inch, (non accumulative) in an equilateral triangle inches, plus/minus /6 inch, from the center of 7, 8, 9 and 0 pin spots to the pit (not including the tail plank). 3. 2¾ inches, plus/minus ¼ inch, from the center of the 7 and 0 pin spots to the adjacent side of the pin deck /6 inches, plus/minus /6 inch, from the center of the 7 and 0 pin spots to the nearest kickback. 5. The No. pin spot shall be equidistant from both edges of the lane kickbacks with a tolerance of plus/minus /8 inch, and never less than 30 inches from its center to the kickbacks /6 inches, (reference dimension) from center of the No. pin spot to a perpendicular line drawn through the centers of the back row of spots /6 inches from the center of the No. pin spot, to the pit (not including the tail plank). Pin Spots on Pin Deck +_ /8 " +_ /4 " 36" Typ. +_ 2 " Typ. /6 " 2" Typ. 2" Max. Tail Plank 3 /4 3" /6 " +_ /6 " +_ /6 " 2" Typ. 2" Typ. +_ /6 " 34 3 /6 " +_ /2 " 4 /2 " Tail Plank Figure 34 A tail plank, not to exceed two inches in thickness, may be attached to the rear of the lane. The tail plank may be constructed entirely of hardwood without testing but synthetic materials, alone or in combination with other materials, must be approved by USBC before use. The exposed edge of the tail plank may be covered with a piece of synthetic material which must have a radius of 5/8 inch, plus/minus /8 inch at the intersection of the top edge and rear face of the tail plank. At no time may there be more than five inches of flat playing surface, including the tail plank, in back of the centers of 7, 8, 9, and 0 pin spots. BOWL.com 37

38 3 /4 " /2 " Reinforced Tail Plank Optional Methods /2 " 5 /8 " +_ Radius /8 " 5 /8 " +_ Radius /8 " 3 /4 " (Stand.) (2" Max.) Figure 35 Figure 36 Fibre or Phenolic Applied on Slanting Joint Fibre or Phenolic Applied on Right Angle Joint /2 " 5 /8 " +_ Radius /8 " 5 /8 " +_ Radius /8 " /2 " /4 " 3 /4 " (Stand.) (2" Max.) Figure 37 Figure 38 Fibre or Phenolic Applied on Exposed Edge Fibre or Phenolic Applied on Right Angle Joint BOWL.com 38

39 Other Pit Area Specifications Gutters shall be placed on each side of the lane and shall begin at the foul line and extend parallel with the lane to the pit. Round Gutters Flat Gutters. The width shall be 9¼ inch, plus/minus ¼ inch. 2. They must be concave in shape. 3. They must measure at least 7/8 inch in depth at the center at time of manufacture. Flat gutters must be constructed of wood or other materials which have been tested and approved according to USBC procedures for the specified time period.. The width shall be 9¼ inches, plus/minus ¼ inch, including the molding. 2 From a point opposite or within 5 inches ahead of the No. pin spot, the gutter must have square bottoms and must be at least 7/8 inch beneath the surface of the lane. 3. Opposite the center of the rear row of pin spots, the depth shall be 3½ inches, plus/ minus /8 inch. Reinforced Flat Gutters. The dimensions shall be the same as flat gutters. 2. The reinforcing material may cover the entire length and width of the bottom, or be four inches, plus/minus ½ inch, in width and cover the total length. 3. If vulcanized fiber reinforcing is used, it shall not exceed 3/6 inches in thickness. 4. If laminated phenolic reinforcing, Grade C or CE is used, it shall not exceed /8 inch in thickness. See Figures Flat Gutter Molding (Solid Hardwood) A strip of molding extending the entire length of the flat gutter shall be securely fastened to the bottom of the flat gutter. The molding may be constructed entirely of hardwood without testing. Synthetic materials, alone or in combination with other materials which have been approved by USBC after testing, may be used.. They may not exceed 7/8 inch high, at the leading edge, gradually increasing to a maximum of ½ inches high opposite the 7 and 0 pin spots. (Measured from the top surface of the flat gutter to the top of the molding.) 2. They may not exceed ¾-inch in width. 3. The top exposed edge shall be rounded to a radius of 5/8 inch, plus/minus /8 inch. BOWL.com 39

40 Reinforced Flat Gutter Optional Methods (Four Inch Fibre Center) (Two 2-Inch Fibre Strips) 3 /4 " Wood 4" 4(+ or - /4 " ) 3 /4 " Wood 3 /4 " Wood 4" 4(+ or - /4 " ) 3 /4 " Wood 3 /6 " Max. 3 /6 " Max. Figure 39 Figure 40 (Fibre and Phenolic Full Gutter Width) (Phenolic 4-Inch Center) 3 /4 " Wood 4" 4(+ or - /4 " ) 3 /4 " Wood /8 " /8 " Figure 4 Figure 42 Reinforced Flat Gutter Molding Kickbacks. They must meet all physical dimensions of solid hardwood flat gutter molding. 2. The wearing surface may be reinforced from the pit to at least the point opposite the No. pin spot. 3. If vulcanized fiber is used, it may not exceed ¼ inch when used on the side or ½ inch thick when used on the top. (See drawings figures 43-46) 4. If laminated phenolic material Grade C or CE is used, it shall be /8 inch thick. See Figures The kickback may be constructed entirely of hardwood without testing. Synthetic materials, alone or in combination with other materials which have been approved by USBC after testing, may be used. The kickbacks, or side partitions, shall be placed parallel to the lane and shall meet the following requirements:. It shall extend from a point opposite or within 5 inches ahead of the No. pin spot to the rear cushion wall. 2. The distance between the wood faces of the two kickbacks shall be 60 /8 inches, plus/minus /8 inch. 3. The height above the lane shall be 20½ inches, plus/minus 3½ inches. The kickbacks, behind the tail plank, may be covered with impregnated fiber glass, hard vulcanized fiber, or laminated phenolic (Grade C or CE ). BOWL.com 40