Description of Anisopleura bipugio sp. nov. from southern Vietnam (Odonata: Euphaeidae)

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1 TOMBO, Fukui, 55: May. 15, 2013 Article Description of Anisopleura bipugio sp. nov. from southern Vietnam (Odonata: Euphaeidae) Matti Hämäläinen 1) and Haruki Karube 2) 1) Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, P.O. Box 9517, 2300 RA, Leiden, The Netherlands 2) Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History, 499 Iryuda, Odawara, Kanagawa, , Japan Received Jan. 11/ Revised and accepted Feb. 21 Abstract: A new euphaeid damselfly species, Anisopleura bipugio sp. nov. (holotype male from Bidoup-Nui Ba in Lam Dong province, southern Vietnam) is described and illustrated for the male sex. It differs from all known Anisopleura species by having long horns in the posterior lobe of the prothorax. Records of the two other Anisopleura species collected from Vietnam are listed. Key words: Odonata, Euphaeidae, Anisopleura bipugio, new species, Vietnam Introduction Anisopleura Selys, 1853 is a small Oriental genus with about 10 known species. They are inhabitants of montane and submontane streams in regions to the south and east of the Himalayan range. The westernmost localities (of A. comes Hagen, 1880) are in the Punjab Hills and Himachal Pradesh in north-west India, the easternmost localities (of A. qingyuanensis Zhou, 1982) are in Zhejiang (China), the northernmost (of A. zhengi Yang, 1996) in south-western Shaanxi (China) and the southernmost (of A. trulla Hämäläinen, 2003) in Khao Poh Ta mountains in the border area of Ranong and Phangnga provinces in southern Thailand. In the literature, two Anisopleura species have been reported from Vietnam. Martin (1904) listed A. lestoides Selys, 1853 from Tonkin, but this is undoubtedly an error or a misidentification. The first author (M. H.) could not find any Tonkinese Anisopleura specimens in Martin's collection during his recent visit at the Muséum national d Histoire naturelle, Paris (MNHN). Do & Hoa (2007) included A. qingyuanensis in their checklist of Vietnamese dragonflies, based on the specimens collected by the second author (H. K.) in Tamdao. This material is listed in more detail in the present paper. During a visit to southern Vietnam in May 2010 the second author collected several specimens of a peculiar Anisopleura species (Fig. 1), which is described as a new species here. Anisopleura bipugio sp. nov. (Figs. 1, 2) Type specimens. Holotype, Vietnam, Lam Dong province, Bidoup-Nui Ba, alt. ca 1,500 m, 15-V-2010, Haruki Karube leg.; Paratypes: 9, same collecting data as in holotype; 1, same locality, 3-V-2012, Do Manh Cuong leg. Type depository. Holotype is deposited at the Kanagawa Prefectural Museum of Natural History, Odawara, Japan (KPMNH). Paratypes are deposited at KPMNH, Naturalis Biodiversity Centre, Leiden (RMNH) and the private collections of Matti Hämäläinen and A. G. Orr. Etymology. Bipugio, combination of the Latin words bi (= two) and pugio (= dagger) indicating the two long, sharp processes on the posterior lobe of the prothorax. Diagnosis. An Anisopleura species with the posterior lobe of prothorax of male bearing two long, thin processes. Description of male holotype. Head (cf. Figs. 2a & 2b). Labium black. Labrum largely blue, narrowly bordered by black, more broadly so at upper border. Anteclypeus black, postclypeus blue with lateral edges narrowly black. Base of mandibles blue. Genae and eye

2 Matti Hämäläinen and Haruki Karube Fig. 1. Anisopleura bipugio sp. nov. A male photographed in nature at the type locality. Photo by Haruki Karube. border broadly blue, the blue colour extending to the level of halfway between anterior and lateral ocelli. Most of frons black, blue anteriorly at edges bordering postclypeus. Antennae black. Vertex black, with two triangular blue spots at sides of lateral ocelli. Thorax (cf. Fig. 2a). Prothorax black; anterior lobe prominent; median lobe with large, somewhat angular orange spots, lateral edge of median lobe narrowly yellow, more broadly so anteriorly; lateral edges of anterior lobe narrowly pale. Posterior lobe black, the hind margin bearing two long, thin processes, broadly separate basally and slightly divergent, curving backward near their base so they extend over the synthorax (cf. Figs. 2c & 2d). Synthorax black with pale greenish stripes. Antehumeral stripe broad at base, narrowing sharply apicad towards the antealar triangle. Two broad lateral stripes; one extending on both sides of the first lateral suture and crossing stigma, asymmetrically indented by black at both ends, the other covering most of metepimeron. Mes- and metinfraepisternum with yellow triangular patches postero-laterally. Ventral side of synthorax black with broad yellow band anteriorly. Legs black with coxa broadly yellow at sides. Femora with distinct yellow basal streaks. In fore femora the streak is on the inner surface and rather short, whereas in middle and hind femora the streak is on the lower half of the outer surface, extending about halfway of the length of the femur and narrowing apicad. Wings (cf. Fig. 2e). Narrow, fore wing 5.5 times longer than broad. Hyaline, with the lower part of fore wing tip narrowly darkened. Pterostigma dark brown; long, slightly broader in the middle, covering 4-5 underlying cells. Costal border of hind wing moderately angulated. Cubital space with 1 crossveins (except in the left fore wing 2 closely placed crossveins). Discoidal cell entire. The number of antenodal veins (Ax) is 18 in fore wing, in hind wing. Abdomen. Abdomen black with orange yellow markings as follows. Segment (S) 1 broadly yellow at sides, the yellow markings narrowly connected dorsally. S2 with slightly undulating dorso-lateral stripe, S3-S6 with small dorsolateral spots at base, not connected dorsally. Narrow dorso-lateral stripes on S3-S5, narrowest on S5. S7-S10 entirely black, S9-S10 slightly pruinescent dorsally. Anal appendages black. In dorsal view (cf. Figs. 2g & 2h), superiors broad and flattened with bluntly bifid tip; in dorsal view concave in the inner half, forming a spoon-shaped (spatulate) structure. In lateral view (cf. Fig. 2f) bifurcated tip visible. Inferiors rudimentary. Penis. Lateral filament long, flattened and curled. Measurements (mm). Fore wing 33, hind wing 31, abdomen (incl. appendages)

3 Description of Anisopleura bipugio sp. nov. from S. Vietnam b a c d e f g h Fig. 2. Anisopleura bipugio sp. nov., paratype male. a. head and thorax; b. head, frontal view; c, d. prothorax, c. lateral view; d. dorsal view; e. wings; f. apex of abdomen, lateral view; g, h. anal appendages, g. oblique dorsal view, h. dorsal view

4 Matti Hämäläinen and Haruki Karube Variation in paratype males. The colour pattern is quite similar in all paratypes, but in some specimens the pale colours on head are partly orange and the antehumeral stripes pale greenish orange. Cubital space usually with one crossvein in all wings, in a few specimens with two crossveins in one wing. Number of Ax somewhat variable, in fore wing and in hind wing. Measurements (mm). Hind wing 29-32, abdomen (incl. appendages) Female. Unknown. Notes on biology. This new species was found along a clear, rocky mountain stream (2-3 m wide) in a forested area. Plenty of males were seen perching on stones, logs and low vegetation. No females were seen, since the second author's visit was made in the morning. Comparative notes. Anisopleura bipugio sp. nov. differs strikingly from all known congeners by the peculiar horns on posterior lobe of the prothorax. In other known Anisopleura species the posterior lobe is a simple, more or less rounded, structure bearing no processes. Otherwise A. bipugio sp. nov. has all typical Anisopleura characters, such as the angulated costal border of the hind wing and flattened as well as grooved superior anal appendages and rudimentary inferior appendages. The costal angulation in the hind wing is quite moderate, but more distinct than in A. qingyanensis, which has the least angulation of any known species in the genus. Records of other Anisopleura species We have studied the following specimens of two other Anisopleura species from Vietnam and Laos: Anisopleura qingyuanensis Zhou, 1982 Specimens examined. 1, Northern Vietnam, Vinh Phu province, Tamdao, 19- to 24-V-1993; 1, as above, 2- to 8-V- 1994; 1, as above, 24- to 26-V-1999, all specimens above Haruki Karube leg.; 1,1, Northern Vietnam, Cao Bang province, Mt. Pia Oac, 6-VI-2009, Phan Quoc Toan leg.; 1, Northern Vietnam, Lang Son province, Mauson, 9-VIII- 2009, Phan Quoc Toan leg.; 1, Central Vietnam, Thua Thien Hue province, Bach Ma, 25-VII-2001, Yutaka Arita leg.; 1, Laos, Xieng Kwang, 27-V-1996, local collector leg. (Coll. KPMNH). This species is known from Zhejiang (type locality), Jiangxi, Hunan, Guizhou, Guangdong and Guangxi provinces in China, northern Vietnam and Laos. Anisopleura sp. (either subplatystyla Fraser, 1927 or yunnanensis Zhu & Zhou, 1999) Specimens examined. 3, Northern Vietnam, Lao Cai province, Sapa, (alt. 1,500-2,000 m), 2002, local collector leg. (Coll. KPMNH). Until male specimens from this area become available, the identity of these female specimens remains open. Moreover the relative status of subplatystyla and yunnanensis requires further study (cf. Hämäläinen, 2003). It should be confirmed whether they are distinct species or represent a single, somewhat variable species. A. subplatystyla is known from North-east India (Meghalaya), Sikkim and Thailand; A. yunnanensis from Yunnan and Guangxi provinces in China. Acknowledgements We are grateful to Dr Albert G. Orr for the drawings (Fig. 2), useful comments on the manuscript and improving the English expression. Mr Do Manh Cuong kindly provided data on Vietnamese Anisopleura specimens in his collections and Dr Yu Xin and Dr Zhang Haomiao gave information on the Chinese records of A. qingyuanensis. References Do, M. C. & T. H. Dang, Checklist of dragonfly from Vietnam. v pp., Vietnam National University Publisher, Hanoi. Hämäläinen, M., Cryptophaea, a new euphaeid genus and three new species of Caloptera damselflies from Thailand (Odonata: Euphaeidae, Calopterygidae). Zoologische Mededelingen, Leiden, 77:

5 Description of Anisopleura bipugio sp. nov. from S. Vietnam Martin, R., Liste des Névroptères de l Indo-Chine. pp In: A. Pavie (ed.), Mission Pavie Indo-Chine Études diverses. III. Recherches sur l histoire naturelle de l Indo-Chine orientale. xxi pp., Ernest Leroux, Paris. 摘要 :Matti Hämäläinen 苅部治紀 : ベトナム南部から得られた Anisopleura 属の新種記載.- ベトナム南部ラムドン 県から得られた Anisopleura 属の新種 Anisopleura bipugio sp. nov. を記載した この種は前胸部後部に長い角状突起が あることで, 他の本属種から区別される また, ベトナムから得られた本属の他の 2 種を記録した