Producedd by: The Fish Passage Center (Last updated 2/21/2013)

Transcription

1 Version 2013 Season Producedd by: The Fish Passage Center (Last updated 2/21/2013) i

2 Table of Contents Table of Contents ii I. Introduction 1 I.A. SMP Detailed Condition Monitoring Sites 1 I.B. Target Sample Size for Condition Monitoring 1 I.C. Data Entry 3 I.D. Data Checking 4 I.E. Data Transfer 4 I.F. Data Reporting 4 I.G. Data Storage 5 II. Detailed Description of Salmonid Condition Sampling for SMP 6 II.A. Injuries 6 II.A.1. Head Injury 7 II.A.2. Eye Injury 7 II.A.3. Operculum Injury 8 II.A.4. Body Injury 8 II.A.5. Fin Injury 8 II.B. Descaling 9 II.B.1. Partially Descaled 9 II.B.2. Descaled 10 II.B.3. Descaled with Predation Marks 10 II.C. Predation Marks 11 II.C.1. Bird 11 II.C.2. Fish 12 II.C.3. Lamprey 12 II.D. Disease/Parasites 13 II.D.1. Fungus 13 II.D.2. Columnaris 13 II.D.3. BKD 14 II.D.4. Parasite 14 II.D.5. Deformity 15 II.D.6. Other Disease 15 II.E. Other Conditions 16 II.E.1. Pop Eye 16 II.E.2. Fin Hemorrhage 16 II.E.3. Fin Inflammation (Pink Fin) 17 II.E.4. Fin Discoloration 17 II.E.5. Eye Hemorrhage 18 II.F. Comments Fields 18 II.F.1. General Comments 18 II.F.2. Special Comments 18 III. Detailed Description of Lamprey Condition Sampling ii

3 for SMP 19 III.A. Holding Tank Removal and Separation Procedure 19 III.B. Anaesthetizing, Examining, and Handling of Lamprey 19 III.C. Lamprey Condition Definitions 20 III.D. Injuries 20 II.D.1. Head Injury 20 II.D.2. Eye Injury 21 II.DA.3. Body Injury 21 II.D.4. Fin Injury 22 II.E. Predation Marks 23 II.E.1. Bird Predation 23 II.E.2. Fish Predation 23 II.F. Disease/Parasites 23 II.F.1. Fungus 23 II.F.2. Columnaris 24 II.F.3. BKD 24 II.F.4. Parasite 25 II.F.5. Deformity 26 II.F.6. Other Disease 26 II.G. Other Conditions 26 II.G.1. Pop Eye 27 II.G.2. Eye Hemorrhage 27 II.G.3. Fin Hemorrhage 27 II.H. Comments Fields 28 II.H.1. General Comments 28 II.H.2. Special Comments 28 IV. Notes 29 iii

4 I. Introduction I.A Smolt Monitoring Program Detailed Condition Monitoring Sites Detailed condition sampling of juvenile salmonids will be carried out at LGR, LGS, LMN, MCN, JDA, and BON dams. In addition, BON, JDA, and MCN will continue conducting condition sampling for juvenile and larval lamprey. Condition sampling will occur daily as part of the SMP sampling. The primary role of the condition monitoring is to identify the proportion of each species of migrant juvenile salmonid and larval and juvenile lamprey (where applicable) that are descaled (salmonids only) or have significant injuries indicative of problems in fish passage at dams such as debris in fish bypass apparatus. Secondarily, the data collected on disease, predation, and other injuries will provide a relative indication of the health of fish passing at the dams. While external signs of disease may be a useful indicator of increased risk of mortality to out-migrants, these symptoms will be collected primarily to provide relative information about fish health and should not be considered definitive of overall population health until further studies are available to support that claim. Other information that will be collected as part of detailed condition sampling includes length (mm) and weight (g) data. Detailed information of fish marks (e.g., fin clips, coded wire tags, pit-tags or other external marks) will also be collected for juvenile salmonids. At transportation sites, length and weight data are necessary as part of the daily estimates of barge loading. I.B Target Sample Size for Condition Monitoring The goal for detailed condition sampling will be to examine 100 fish of each of the predominant species of salmonids on each date. For larval and juvenile lamprey, the goal will be to examine up to 100 ammocoetes and 100 macropthalmia on each date. Where applicable, if Brook Lamprey ammocoetes are encountered, include these individuals in the condition sample, regardless of how many ammocoetes had been sampled already. The target species of out-migrating salmonids are yearling Chinook, steelhead, sockeye, coho, and subyearling Chinook. For species with fewer than 100 fish in the sample, all fish may be examined as part of detailed condition sub-sample. At Portland District COE sites, the sample size requirement remains 100 fish per species. However the need to sample every species each day is not necessary. At John Day and Bonneville dams, salmonid condition sampling will alternate each day (e.g. yearling Chinook and sockeye day 1, steelhead and coho day 2). This will reduce handling and provide adequate information on fish 1

5 condition especially related to daily impacts off project passage on fish injuries. Descaling on will continue to be recorded on the full sample of salmonids. In general, try to processs salmonidss first, but lamprey which pass through the PA chambers and are already anesthetized should be sub-sampled when possible. There are separate sorting and handling procedures for the majority of lamprey handled for condition monitoring. SMP personnel at BON, JDA, and MCN should seee Sections III.A and III.B for a more detailed discussion of thesee procedures. To facilitate sampling the desired number of fish of each species, the FPC32.net data entry touch screen has a tally window (red box in figures below) that displays the number of fish examined of each species/clip combination as these data are entered. A separate touch screen has been developed for BON, JDA, and MCN that facilitates condition monitoring for larval and juvenile lamprey. Fish condition touch screen for salmonid monitoring att LGR, LGS, and LMN 2

6 Fish condition touch screen for salmonid and lamprey monitoring at BON, JDA, and MCN It is importantt that fish sampled for condition monitoring are a random subsample of the fish coming through the juvenilee facility. Fish examined for the condition sample should be separated as a group and then processed. Those target species appropriate for the subsample should all be examined. Fish that are not part of the condition group should not be added to the condition sample because of unusual or obvious injuries, otherwise the subsample is not representative of the overall collection. As such, the target of 100 fish is approximate, since all fish within a crowded sample should have equal likelihood of being sampled for condition. If desired, fish that have unusual or obvious injuries that do not make it into the condition sample can be noted in batch comments (on Catch data entry tab of the FPC32.net data entry program) so this information is not lost. I.C Data Entry Information on all fish examined as part of the detailed condition sampling will be entered using the touch screen of the FPC32. net data entry program. Since the touch screen is part of the FPC32.net program, detailed data entry procedures are contained in the FPC32. net Procedures Manual. 3

7 At a minimum, each detailed condition fish data entry requires a length (mm) measurement (fork length for salmonids) as well as species and mark information. In addition, special species codes that apply to salmonids need to be entered, such as Eroded Fin steelhead (EF), Holdover fall Chinook (HO), and Lyons Ferry yearling fall Chinook (LF). Fry (FR) are NOT to be examined as part of the condition monitoring program. If a fish has no descaling, injury or disease the preceding information is all that is required prior to saving the record. Since descaling information will be collected on all fish (except lamprey) whether part of the detailed condition sample or not, non-condition sample descaling data will be entered in the FPC32.net program Catch Detail tab (see FPC32.net Procedure Manual for specific data entry instructions). I.D. Data Checking Primary method of data checking will be the Individual Fish Condition report that can be generated from the FPC32.net data entry program. Individual fish records will be reviewable to check for anomalous entries such as incorrect lengths and weights. Since there is no written record of data entry on the touch screen, validation is not possible at the individual fish record level. If anomalous weights or lengths are found, the user should delete these lengths or weights for that particular record using the Conditions tab of the FPC32 data entry program. Anomalous lengths and weights should be Deleted instead of changed. Although length is a mandatory field in the touch screen, records can be saved without lengths from the Conditions data entry tab of the FPC32.net data entry program. I.E Data Transfer After data are checked for obvious errors, detailed condition data can be incorporated into the daily batch database (Catch Detail, Incidentals, Mark Recapture, and Transportation tabs). Details on incorporating condition data into the batch can be found in the FPC32.net Procedures Manual. Transferring batches to FPC will simultaneously transfer fish condition data. I.F. Data Reporting Data will be reported via the FPC website and FPC weekly reports as well as site reports. Individual fish records will be made available to the sites for reporting to the COE to support transportation programs as well as condition monitoring. 4

8 I.G. Data Storage FPC will store data in an SQL database. Sites may also maintain a database as part of contract obligations to COE. 5

9 II. Detailed Description of Salmonid Condition Sampling for SMP Standardized descriptive categories were developed to provide a meaningful way of comparing the injury and disease data among Smolt Monitoring Program sites. All COE operated SMP sites will be conducting salmonid condition monitoring in Overall there are five categories for the various fish conditions: 1) Injury, 2) Descaling, 3) Predator Marks, 4) Disease/Parasites, and 5) Other Conditions. Within each category there are several subcategories for particular conditions (table below). Since the data will be entered based on the sub-category in which each condition occurs, this protocol is intended to provide detailed descriptions of each sub-category. Condition data will be recorded for each individual fish. A single fish could have multiple conditions, either in the same category or between several categories. For example, a fish could have two different injures like a body injury and a head injury. Or, a single fish could have an injury (e.g., operculum injury) and a disease (e.g., fungus). Injuries Descaling Predation Marks Head Injury Partial Descaling Bird Eye Injury Descaled Fish Operculum Descaled with Lamprey Injury Predator Marks Body Injury Fin Injury Disease/ Parasite Fungus Columnaris BKD Parasite Deformity Other Disease/Para Other Conditions Pop Eye Eye Hemorrhage Fin Hemorrhage Pink Fin Fin -Discoloration II.A Injuries: The injuries category contains conditions that are considered injuries that are often attributed to dam operations. This condition category includes injuries to the head, body, and fins. In addition, since injury information will be used to determine the potential effects of the dam at which monitoring is occurring, obviously old (i.e. likely not to have occurred at the dam where fish is being examined) should not be recorded as injured in the injury categories below. Information about such fish could be written in an injury comment field so that data is not lost but also is not counted as part of routine data summarization. If sites wish to record additional or supplemental information on injuries encountered, they may do this by entering this information into the General Comments field. 6

10 II.A.1. Head Injury: The head is defined as that portion of the fish anteriorr to the rear margin of the operculum. A head injury is considered anyy cut, abrasion, laceration, swelling, hemorrhaging, or other injury to the head but NOT found on the eye or operculum. Head injuries should only be those injuries that are NOT attributable to a disease, predator mark, or parasite to the head. II.A.2. Eye Injury: Any injury (not associated with predation marks or disease) to an eye (or eyes). This includes lacerations, abrasions or clouded tissue or large amounts of blood in the eye indicative of an injury. This also includes missing eyes. Note: Pop Eye and Eye Hemorrhage are NOT included in this subcategory. Instead, they are included in the Other Conditions category. See Section II.E.1 for a detailed explanation of Pop Eye and Section II.E.5 for a detailed explanation of Eye Hemorrhage. 7

11 II.A.3. Operculum Injury: Any cuts, tears, or missing portions of operculum thatt are NOT obvious deformities such as shortened operculum or disease related injuries and not associated with predation marks. II.A.4. Body Injury: The body is defined as that areaa of the fishh NOT including head or fins. A body injury is considered any cut, abrasion, laceration, swelling, hemorrhaging, or other injury to the body. Body injuries are only those injuries to the body that are NOT attributed to a disease, parasite, or predators. II.A.5. Fin Injury: The fin is defined as those appendages or extensionss of tissue on the fish including fin rays and thin often transparent or membranous tissue between fin rays, not included as part of head or body. A fin injury is considered any cut, abrasion, laceration, swelling, or other injury to the fins. Fin injuries are only 8

12 those injuries to the fin that are NOT attributed to disease, parasites, or predation. Also, this subcategory does NOT include other conditions associated to the fins such as fin hemorrhaging, fin discoloration,, and/or fin inflammation (i.e., fin pinkness). These conditions are inn a separate subcategory under Other Conditions (see Section II.E below). Split fins should only be reported as an injury when the split reaches from the outer margin off the fin to where the fin meets the body. II..B Descaling Only smolts greater than 60mm will be examined for descaling. II.B.1 Partially Decaled: A partially decaled fish is a fish with more than slight descaling (slight descaling is defined as a low percentage 2-5% that iss above a background level that would be considered non-descaled), but not up to the FTOT 20% descaling rate to be considered descaled. 9

13 II.B.2. Descaled A descaled fish is a fish that is considered descaled under the FTOT standard of 20%. This includes fish with descaling from 20% to 100% of at least one side of its body. This does not include fish that are descaledd due to an obvious encounter with a predator. II.B.3. Descaled with Predation Marks: A fish descaled having predatorr marks is considered descaled under the FTOT standard of 20% but is recorded separately so that information regarding the 10

14 potential source of the descaling (predator type) may be included. It is not necessary to determine whether or not observed descaling was caused by a predator, only that the fish is descaled AND that predation marks are also present to be entered in this category. Thee type of predation mark should also be indicated in the predator mark categoryy (see below). II..C. Predation Marks II.C.1. Bird: Marks on fish consistent with bird bite. Thiss typically appears as a line along the fish s body, often followed by scratches or descaled areas. Bird bites are often symmetrical and found on both sides of thee fish s body 11

15 II.C.2. Fish: Bite marks have clear curvature, as if inflicted by a fish (i.e., jaw curvature). II.C.3. Lamprey: Marks on fish consistent with lamprey bite.. This typically appears as a puncture wound on the body surrounded by a circular region off descaling and smaller puncture wounds. 12

16 II.D. Disease/Parasites II.D.1. Fungus: Fungus present on any portion of the fish. Often found in association with old injuries. II.D.2. Columnar ris: Presence of Columnaris is typically visible on the skin of the fish. The fish will appear to have a yellow to orange mold growing on it, with a slight cottony look, due to a secondary fungal infection that has attacked the lesionss and ulcerations. 13

17 II.D.3. BKD: The primary symptomm of BKD is bloating of body. Secondary symptoms of BKD include, dark coloration and popp eye. BKD should be considered when the primary symptom of bloating is observed OR when multiple secondary symptoms are observed. Multiple secondary symptoms must be observed because pop eye by its-self may be related to other forms of trauma and not BKD. II.D.4. Parasite: Includes any parasite that is visibly attached on the external surface of the fish or that is visibly protruding from gills or mouth. Examples of these other parasites include leaches, copepods, trematodes, attached lamprey, etc. If sites wish to record the type of parasite seen, they may do this by entering this information into the General Comments or Special Comments field. 14

18 II.D.5. Deformity y: A body deformity is any noticeable spinal curvature or other obvious deformity to the body. This includes such deformities as genetic deformities (i.e., fins in wrong places), operculum deformities (e.g., short operculum), etc. II.D.6. Other Disease: Any other disease not mentioned above. Some examples of other diseases may include: cysts, trematodes, etc. As with thee parasites, if sites wish to record what the Other disease is, they may do this byy entering this information into the General Comments or Special Comments fields. 15

19 II.E. Other Conditions II.E.1. Pop Eye: Eye or eyes bulging out unusually. A fish should only be recorded as having Pop Eye when NO other symptoms of BKD are present. II.E.2. Fin Hemorrhage: Any red fluid in clear tissues of fin (outsidee capillaries and blood vessels). 16

20 II.E.3. Fin Inflammation (Pink Fin) : Pink or red coloration at base of fin or fins indicative of unknownn irritant (internal inflammation/injury) or possibly asphyxiation due to anesthetization or other cause. Note: this is not recordedd as fin injury and differs from hemorrhage because blood vessels are not ruptured soo that no blood has pooled in the tissue between fin rays as seen above. II.E.4. Fin Discoloration: Fin appears discolored, often a lack of pigment along interior portion of fin. 17

21 II.E.5. Eye Hemorrhage: Eye has blood in tissues but no other apparent damage to the eye or surrounding tissues. II. F Comments Fields II.F.1. General Comments: This field allows the user to enter any general comments about the individual fish they wish to record. Up to two comments are possible in this field, which are to be separated by a semicolon. II.F.2. Special Comments This field allows the user to enter any special comments that the user wishes to be encompassed into their on-site databases. The intention is that these comments will be two-letter codes for specific conditions that site wishes to track, in addition to what is currently on the touchh screen. As with the general comments, up to two comments can be entered into this field. These two comments should be separated by a semicolon. 18

22 III. Detailed Description of Lamprey Condition Sampling for SMP III.A Holding Tank Removal and Separation Procedure: At the end of each sample day (0700 hrs.), juvenile lamprey should be removed from the holding tank, if possible, before the start of sampling smolts. All juvenile lamprey specimens caught in the general SMP sample holding tank are identified to species, life stage, and counted (including dead fish). Fish to be examined for condition should be placed in buckets of fresh river water and quickly transferred into a temporary holding tank (where applicable). Because it is difficult to capture and remove all lamprey without disturbing holding conditions for juvenile salmonids, some juvenile lamprey will remain in the holding tank. These lamprey can be anesthetized and sorted with smolts. After at least 100 of each life-stage of lamprey are randomly selected from the sample holding tank, any extra lamprey can be immediately identified, counted, and released to the tailrace as part of the normal SMP sampling activities (i.e., non-condition fish). III.B Anaesthetizing, Examining, and Handling of Lamprey: After processing smolts for the day, transfer a workable number of lamprey from the temporary holding tank and place them into the sorting trough for anesthetizing. Based on 2011 sampling, the SMP personnel at JDA found a workable number of lamprey to be about 40 individuals. A concentration of about 48mg/L of MS-222 should be sufficient to anesthetize lamprey within 4 minutes, although some fish may be calm enough to begin the examination after about 3 minutes. In 2011 at JDA, individual fish examinations ranged from 13 to 22 seconds, but averaged about 15 seconds per fish. After the examination and data input, lamprey are placed in recovery tanks for at least 30 minutes prior to being released through normal exit routes to the tailrace. This process is repeated until all lamprey are processed. Data collection for larval and juvenile lamprey should follow the same basic pattern as with juvenile salmonids. In addition to collecting basic condition data, the FPC asks that site personnel photograph specimens with maladies or characteristics that may warrant clarification or would be suitable for future training. 19

23 III.C Lamprey Condition Definitions For larval and juvenile lamprey, there are four main categories for the various conditions: 1) Injuries, 2) Predation marks, 3) Disease/Parasite, and 4) Other Conditions. Descaling is not part of the monitoring protocol for larval and juvenile lamprey, as they do not have scales. Within each category there are several subcategories for particular conditions (see table below). Since the data will be entered based on the sub-category in which each condition occurs, this protocol is intended to provide detailed descriptions of each sub-category. Condition data will be recorded for each individual fish. A single fish could have multiple conditions, either in the same category or between several categories. For example, a fish could have two different injures like a body injury and a head injury. Or, a single fish could have an injury (e.g., fin injury) and a disease (e.g., fungus). Injuries Head Injury Eye Injury Body Injury Fin Injury Predation Marks Bird Fish Disease/ Parasite Fungus Columnaris BKD Parasites Deformity Other Disease/Para Other Conditions Pop Eye Eye hemorrhage Fin hemorrhage Note: There are certain conditions that are part of the salmonid monitoring are not outlined in the larval and juvenile lamprey monitoring because they do not pertain to lamprey. These conditions include: 1) operculum injury, 2) all descaling, 3) lamprey predation, 4) pink fin, and 5) fin discoloration. III.D Injuries: The injuries category contains conditions that are often attributed to bypass systems and dam operations. This condition category includes injuries to the head, eyes, body, and fins. In addition, since injury information will be used to determine the potential effects of the dam at which monitoring is occurring, obviously old injuries (i.e. likely not to have occurred at the dam where fish is being examined) should not be recorded. Injuries that are clearly identifiable as old should not be recorded. Injuries determined to be older may be recorded in the injury comment field so those data are not lost but also are not counted as part of routine data summarization. If sites wish to record additional or supplemental information on injuries encountered, they may do this by entering this information into the General Comments field. III.D.1. Head Injury: Head injuries are defined as that portion of the fish anterior to the last gill opening. A head injury is considered any cut, abrasion, laceration, swelling, or other injury to the head. Head injuries should include those to the gill openings 20

24 themselves. Head injuries should only be those injuries that are not confidently attributable to a disease, parasites, or predators. III.D.2. Eye Injury: An eye injury is any injury to one or both of the eyes. This includes lacerations, abrasions or cloudedd tissue, or large amounts of blood accompanied by out of place tissue indicative of a severe impact. Presence of blood in the eye without evidence of tissue damage is NOT considered an eyee injury (seee Section III.G.2) Note: Pop Eye and Eye Hemorrhage are NOT included in this subcategory. Instead, they are included in the Other Conditions category. See Section III.G.1 for a detailed explanation of Pop Eye and Section III. G.2 for a detailed explanation of Eye Hemorrhage. III.D.3. Body Injury: Body injuries are defined as any injury not on the head or fins. A body injury is consideredd any cut, abrasion, laceration, swelling, or other injury to the body. This includes hemorrhaging to the body. Body injuries are only those injuries to the body that are not attributed to a disease, parasites, or predators. 21

25 III.D.4. Fin Injury: Fins are defined as those appendages or extensions of tissue on the dorsal and posterior end of the juvenile lamprey. A finn injury is considered any cut, abrasion, laceration, swelling, or other injury to the fins. Fin injuries are only those injuries to the fin that are not attributed to disease, parasites, or predation. Also, this subcategory does not include other conditions associated with the fins such as fin hemorrhaging. Split fins should only bee reported as an injury when the split reaches from the outer margin of the fin to where the fin meets the body. III.E Predation Marks III.E.1 Bird Predation: Marks on fish consistent with bird bites. This typically appears as a line along the fish s body, often followed by scratches. Bird bites are often somewhat symmetrical and found on both sides of thee fish s body. 22

26 New for 2013: USFWS is asking that crews at MCN,, JDA, and BON work with them to better differentiate between injuries that are caused by birts (i.e., Pred Bird) and those that are caused by the project (i.e., Body Injury) for lamprey juveniles. When applicable, please take pictures of Bird Marks versus Body Injuries and share them with the FPC and USFWS as you progress throughh the 2013 season. III.E.2. Fish Predation: Bite marks have clear curvature, as if inflicted by a fish mouth (i.e., jaw curvature) ). These marks may be difficult too discern on juvenile lamprey due to their thin body. Mouth marks can be smooth, accompanied by tooth punctures, or scrapes. Note: Representative picture for lamprey juvenile not available. Fish predation marks on salmonid smolt provided forr comparison purposes. III.F Disease/Parasites III.F.1. Fungus: Fungus present on any portion of the fish. Light grey, cotton-like substance often flaking and filamentous, often found in association with other injuries. 23

27 III.F.2. Columnar ris: In salmonids, the presence of the bacteriall infection Columnaris is typicallyy visible on the skin of the fish, often associated with a body injury. The fish will appear to have a yellow to orange mold growing on it. Dead tissue is usually visible on the edge of body lesions or ulcerations. It is unknown what the symptomss of Columnaris are in larval and juvenile lamprey. III.F.3. Bacterial Kidney Disease (BKD): In salmonids, the primary symptom of BKD in juvenilee salmonidss is characterized by bloating of the body, but it is unknown iff juvenile lamprey exhibit similar symptoms. Secondary symptoms of BKD can include dark coloration and pop eye. It is unknown what the symptoms of BKD are in larval and juvenile lamprey. 24

28 Note: Representative picture for lamprey juvenilee not available. BKD symptoms on salmonid smolts provided for comparison purposes. III.F.4. Parasites : This category includes any parasite that is visibly attached on the external surface of the lamprey or one that is visiblyy protruding from the gill openings or mouth. Examples of potential parasites include leeches, copepods, and trematodes. If sites wish to record the typee of parasite seen, they may do this by entering this information into the General Comments or Special Comments field. Note: Representative picture for lamprey juvenile not available. Parasite commonly found on salmonid smolts provided for comparison purposes. 25

29 III.F.5. Deformity y: A body deformity (those not associated with healed injuries) can include stunted or abnormal growth, missing eyes, or misshapen eyes, head, or fins. III.F.6. Other Disease: Any other disease not mentioned above. Some examples of other diseases may include: cysts, Digenia, etc. As with the parasites, if sites wish to record what the Other disease is, they may do this by entering this information into the General Comments or Special Comments fields. Note: Representativ ve picture for lamprey juvenile not available. Other diseases foundd on salmonid smolts provided for comparison purposes. III.G Other Conditions 26

30 III.G.1. Pop Eye: Eye or eyes bulging out unusually. A fish should only be recorded as having Pop Eye when no other symptoms of BKD are present. III.G.2. Eye Hemorrhaging: Any blood on the inside or in the tissues around the eye, but no other apparent damage to the eye or surrounding area. III.G.3. Fin hemorrhaging: Any blood observed in clear tissues of fin outside capillaries and blood vessels 27

31 III.H Comments Fields III.H.1. General Comments: This field allows the user to enter any general comments about the individual fish they wish to record. Up to two comments are possible in this field, which are to be separated by a semicolon. III.H.2. Special Commen nts This field allows the user to enter any special comments that the user wishes to be encompassed into their on-site databases. The intention is that these comments will be two-letter codes for specific conditions that site wishes to track, in addition to what is currently on the touchh screen. As with the general comments, up to two comments can be entered into this field. These two comments should be separated by a semicolon. New for 2013: When possible, USFWS and FPC ask that crews at MCN, JDA, and BON use Special Comments field to indicate uncertain injuries for lamprey juveniles. If uncertain, enter the injury andd then enterr UI in Special Comment field. Also, take a picture if possible and let FPC stafff know when this occurs. 28

32 IV. Notes 29

33 30

34 31