Recreational fishing in Western Australia. Fish identification guide

Transcription

1 Recreational fishing in Western Australia February 2014

2 Contents About this guide...1 Offshore demersal...3 Inshore demersal...4 Nearshore...12 Estuarine...19 Pelagic...20 Sharks...23 Crustaceans...25 Molluscs...26 Freshwater...27 Cover: Rowley Shoals. Photo: Shannon Conway Published by Department of Fisheries, Perth, Western Australia. Fisheries Occasional Publication No. 103, second edition, February ISSN: ISBN: ii

3 About this guide This guide has been developed to help you identify the more common species in Western Australia that you may encounter. The purpose of this recreational fishing guide is to greatly enhance consistent and accurate species identification. If you are unsure about a particular species (or if it is not in this guide), please discuss it with a representative of the Department of Fisheries, Western Australia. You can access additional information on the website Six broad ecological depth-based habitats are recognised within each bioregion. Finfish species are listed in the habitat where they most commonly occur. Sharks and crustaceans are presented separately as they may occupy many habitats. 200 mile Economic Exclusion Zone Land FRESHWATER PAGE 27 PELAGIC PAGE 20 ESTUARINE PAGE 19 20m NEARSHORE PAGE m INSHORE DEMERSAL PAGE 4 OFFSHORE DEMERSAL PAGE 3 1

4 About this guide (continued) Throughout this guide you will see all or some of the following coastal bioregion symbols with each fish illustration, indicating where the species is most likely to occur. NC North Coast GC Gascoyne Coast WC West Coast SC South Coast Freshwater species inhabit the inland bioregions, which are shown on the map on page 27. Gascoyne Coast GC 21 46' S ' E Exmouth North Coast (Pilbara/Kimberley) NC Port Hedland Karratha Onslow Ashburton River Broome Kununurra 27 S Carnarvon Denham Kalbarri Geraldton West Coast WC Black Point ' E Perth Esperance Augusta Albany South Coast SC Eucla 2

5 Offshore demersal Eightbar grouper (Grey banded rockcod, eightbar cod) Hyporthodus octofasciatus Blue-eye trevalla Hyperoglyphe antarctica Hapuku Polyprion oxygeneios Ruby snapper Etelis carbunculus Bass groper Polyprion americanus Flame snapper Etelis coruscans 3

6 Inshore demersal West Australian dhufish (Dhuie) Glaucosoma hebraicum Western blue groper Achoerodus gouldii Juvenile Northern pearl perch Glaucosoma buergeri Blue morwong (Queen snapper) Nemadactylus valenciennesi Snapper (Pink snapper, pinkie) Pagrus auratus Juvenile Harlequin fish Othos dentex Painted sweetlips (Slatey bream, sweetlip) Diagramma labiosum Sea sweep Scorpis aequipinnis 4

7 Yelloweye redfish Centroberyx australis Common coral trout (Leopard coral trout) Plectropomus leopardus Bight redfish (Red snapper, nannygai) Centroberyx gerrardi Barcheek coral trout (Inshore coral trout) Plectropomus maculatus Swallowtail Centroberyx lineatus Yellowedge coronation trout (Coronation trout, lunartail trout) Variola louti Sergeant baker Aulopus purpurissatus Juvenile Chinamanfish (Chinaman) Symphorus nematophorus 5

8 Inshore demersal (continued) Spangled emperor Lethrinus nebulosus Longnose emperor (Long-nosed emperor) Lethrinus olivaceus Grass emperor (Black snapper, blue-lined emperor, grass snapper, tricky snapper) Lethrinus laticaudis Redspot emperor (Pink-eared emperor) Lethrinus lentjan Bluespotted emperor (Lesser spangled emperor) Lethrinus punctulatus Redthroat emperor (Sweetlip emperor) Lethrinus miniatus Yellowtail emperor Lethrinus atkinsoni Barramundi cod Chromileptes altivelis 6

9 Blackspotted rockcod (Malabar cod, estuary cod, slimy cod) Epinephelus malabaricus Yellowspotted rockcod (Spotted cod, honeycomb cod) Epinephelus areolatus Goldspotted rockcod (Estuary cod, slimy cod, greasy grouper) Epinephelus coioides Frostback rockcod (Spotted cod, honeycomb cod, frostback cod) Epinephelus bilobatus Potato rockcod PROTECTED SPECIES (Potato cod) Epinephelus tukula Duskytail grouper (Spotted trout, trout cod) Epinephelus bleekeri Juvenile Queensland groper PROTECTED SPECIES (Giant grouper, Queensland grouper) Epinephelus lanceolatus Rankin cod (Whitespotted rockcod) Epinephelus multinotatus Juvenile 7

10 Inshore demersal (continued) Breaksea cod (Black arse snapper) Epinephelides armatus Mangrove Jack (Jacks) Lutjanus argentimaculatus Rosy threadfin bream Nemipterus furcosus Juvenile Darktail snapper (Maroon seaperch, dark tailed seaperch) Lutjanus lemniscatus Robinson s seabream (Robinson s bream, Robinson s perch) Gymnocranius grandoculis Brownstripe snapper (Flagfish) Lutjanus vitta Moses snapper (Moses perch, fingermark bream) Lutjanus russellii Stripey snapper (Spanish flag, stripey seaperch) Lutjanus carponotatus 8

11 Crimson snapper (Crimson seaperch, red snapper) Lutjanus erythropterus Golden snapper (Fingermark seaperch, fingermark bream) Lutjanus johnii Saddletail snapper (Scarlet seaperch) Lutjanus malabaricus Goldband snapper Pristipomoides multidens Maori snapper (Maori seaperch) Lutjanus rivulatus Rosy snapper (Rosy jobfish, crimson jobfish) Pristipomoides filamentosus Red emperor (Reds) Lutjanus sebae Sharptooth snapper (Sharptooth jobfish) Pristipomoides typus 9

12 Inshore demersal (continued) Humphead Maori wrasse PROTECTED SPECIES Cheilinus undulatus Bluespotted tuskfish Choerodon cauteroma Goldspot pigfish (Goldspot foxfish) Bodianus perditio Blue tuskfish (Bluebone) Choerodon cyanodus Foxfish (Western foxfish) Bodianus frenchii Blackspot tuskfish (Bluebone) Choerodon schoenleinii Baldchin groper (Baldie) Choerodon rubescens Purple tuskfish (Grass tuskfish, bluebone) Choerodon cephalotes 10

13 Bluebarred parrotfish Scarus ghobban Frypan bream Argyrops spinifer Bighead gurnard perch (Gurnard perch) Neosebastes pandus 11

14 Nearshore King George whiting (KG) Sillaginodes punctata Western trumpeter whiting Sillago burrus no dot markings on base of pectoral fin faint or no bars Southern school whiting (Sand whiting, school whiting) Sillago bassensis Yellowfin whiting (Sand whiting, silver whiting) Sillago schomburgkii dot markings on base of pectoral fin well defined bars Goldenline whiting (Golden-lined whiting) Sillago analis Western school whiting (Sand whiting, school whiting) Sillago vittata Yellowtail scad (Yellowtail, yellowtail horse mackerel) Trachurus novaezelandiae 12

15 black markings on tail Australian herring (Herring, tommy ruff) Arripis georgianus Mulloway (River kingfish) Argyrosomus japonicus also known as Argyrosomus hololepidotus Juvenile Western Australian salmon (Salmon) Arripis truttaceus Juvenile, often called salmon trout, looks like adult Australian herring but has smaller eye and pointy head Black jewfish (Northern mulloway) Protonibea diacanthus Southern garfish (Gardie, southern sea garfish) Hyporhamphus melanochir Western butterfish (Butterfish, buttery) Pentapodus vitta dark blotch below dorsal fin lower lobe of tail fin longer Three-by-two garfish (Robust garfish, storm garfish) Hemiramphus robustus Bluespotted goatfish (Red mullet) Upeneichthys vlamingii Juvenile 13

16 Nearshore (continued) Silver trevally (Skipjack, skippy) Pseudocaranx georgianus This includes the smaller sand trevally (P. wrightii) Horseshoe leatherjacket Meuschenia hippocrepis Longtom Family Belonidae Sixspine leatherjacket (Reef leatherjacket) Meuschenia freycineti Snook Sphyraena novaehollandiae Tailor (Chopper small tailor) Pomatomus saltatrix Striped seapike (Pike, striped barracuda) Sphyraena obtusata Banded sweep Scorpis georgiana 14

17 Blue mackerel (Slimey mackerel, common mackerel) Scomber australasicus Greenback mullet Liza subviridis Oriental bonito Sarda orientalis Bluetail mullet Valamugil buchanani Barramundi Lates calcarifer Sea mullet (Mullet) Mugil cephalus Diamondscale mullet Liza vaigiensis Yelloweye mullet (Pilch, yellow-eyed mullet) Aldrichetta forsteri 15

18 Nearshore (continued) Chinaman rockcod (Charlie court) Epinephelus rivulatus Queenfish (Queenie) Scomberoides spp. Turrum (Goldspotted trevally) Carangoides fulvoguttatus Western yellowfin bream (Yellowfin bream) Acanthopagrus latus Golden trevally (Banded trevally) Gnathanodon speciosus Northwest black bream (Pikey bream) Acanthopagrus palmaris Giant trevally (GT) Caranx ignobilis 16

19 Blotched javelin (Blotched javelinfish) Pomadasys maculatus Blue threadfin (Bluenose threadfin salmon, blue salmon) Eleutheronema tetradactylum Barred javelin (Spotted javelinfish) Pomadasys kaakan King threadfin (Giant threadfin salmon, giant threadfin) Polydactylus macrochir Silver toadfish POISONOUS (North-West blowfish) Lagocephalus sceleratus Giant sea catfish (Giant salmon catfish) Arius thalassinus Weeping toadfish POISONOUS (Blowie, pufferfish, common blowfish) Torquigener pleurogramma Tripletail Lobotes surinamensis 17

20 Nearshore (continued) Male Female Western King wrasse Coris auricularis Common dart Trachinotus botla Brownspotted wrasse Notolabrus parilus Male Southern maori wrasse Ophthalmolepis lineolatus Female Western striped grunter (Trumpeter, striped trumpeter) Pelates octolineatus 18

21 Estuarine Yellowtail flathead (Bartailed flathead) Platycephalus westraliae Smalltooth flounder Pseudorhombus jenynsii Northern sand flathead (Sand flathead, flag tailed flathead) Platycephalus endrachtensis Largetooth flounder Pseudorhombus arsius Southern bluespotted flathead (Bluespotted flathead, southern flathead) Platycephalus speculator Black bream Acanthopagrus butcheri Estuary cobbler (Cobbler) Cnidoglanis macrocephalus Tarwhine (Silver bream) Rhabdosargus sarba 19

22 Pelagic Samsonfish Seriola hippos Juvenile Southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii Amberjack Seriola dumerili Northern bluefin tuna Thunnus orientalis Yellowtail kingfish (Kingfish, kingie) Seriola lalandi Mackerel tuna (Jack mackerel, kawakawa) Euthynnus affinis Yellowfin tuna Thunnus albacares Dogtooth tuna (Doggie) Gymnosarda unicolor 20

23 Spanish mackerel (Narrow-barred Spanish mackerel) Scomberomorus commerson Shark mackerel (Scaly mackerel, salmon mackerel) Grammatorcynus bicarinatus (CONTINUED) Grey mackerel (Broad-barred Spanish mackerel, broad-banded mackerel) Scomberomorus semifasciatus Blue marlin Makaira nigricans Spotted mackerel (Australian spotted mackerel) Scomberomorus munroi Black marlin Makaira indica School mackerel (Queensland school mackerel, doggie) Scomberomorus queenslandicus Striped marlin Tetraputerus audax 21

24 Pelagic (continued) Sailfish Istiophorus platypterus Mahi mahi (Dolphinfish) Coryphaena spp. Cobia (Black kingfish) Rachycentron canadum Wahoo Acanthocybium solandri Great barracuda Sphyraena barracuda 22

25 Sharks broad, angular upper teeth interdorsal ridge Dusky whaler Carcharhinus obscurus Whitetip reef shark Triaenodon obesus narrow hookshaped upper teeth no interdorsal ridge Bronze whaler Carcharhinus brachyurus Whiskery shark Furgaleus macki Sandbar shark (Thickskin shark, northern whaler, sand shark) Carcharhinus plumbeus Gummy shark (Southern gummy shark) Mustelus antarcticus Tiger shark Galeocerdo cuvier Western spotted gummy shark Mustelus stevensi 23

26 Sharks (continued) Hammerhead sharks Family Sphyrnidae White shark PROTECTED SPECIES Carcharodon carcharias Wobbegongs Family Orectolobidae Sawsharks Family Pristiophoridae Greynurse shark Carcharias taurus Sawfishes PROTECTED SPECIES Family Pristidae Port Jackson shark Heterodontus portusjackson 24

27 Crustaceans Western rock lobster Panulirus cygnus Brown mud crab (Orange mud crab) Scylla olivacea Southern rock lobster Jasus edwardsii Green mud crab (Giant mud crab) Scylla serrata Painted rock lobster (Tropical rock lobster, green rock lobster) Panulirus versicolor Blue swimmer crab (Blue manna, blue crab) Portunus armatus (formerly P. pelagicus) Ornate rock lobster (Tropical rock lobster) Panulirus ornatus Prawns Family Penaeidae 25

28 Molluscs Roe s abalone Haliotis roei Squid Order Teuthoidea Greenlip abalone Haliotis laevigata Octopus Octopus spp. Brownlip abalone Haliotis conicopora Cuttlefish Family Sepiidae 26

29 Freshwater Two different bioregions apply for freshwater species the Northern Inland Bioregion and the Southern Inland Bioregion, shown on the map below. Kununurra Broome Marron Cherax cainii Exmouth Carnarvon Port Hedland Karratha Onslow Denham Ashburton River NI Northern Inland 27 S Kalbarri Geraldton SI Black Point Perth Augusta Albany Southern Inland Esperance Eucla Redclaw (Queensland red claw crayfish) Cherax quadricarinatus Silver cobbler (Lake Argyle catfish, Ord River catfish) Arius midgleyi Cherabin (Freshwater prawns) Macrobrachium spp. Western sooty grunter (Sooty grunter) Hephaestus jenkinsi 27

30 Index of common names A Amberjack Australian herring B Baldchin groper Banded sweep Barcheek coral trout... 5 Barramundi Barramundi cod... 6 Barred javelin Bass groper... 3 Bighead gurnard perch Bight redfish... 5 Black bream Black jewfish Black marlin Blackspotted rockcod... 7 Blackspot tuskfish Blotched javelin Bluebarred parrotfish Blue-eye trevalla... 3 Blue mackerel Blue marlin Blue morwong... 4 Bluespotted emperor... 6 Bluespotted goatfish Bluespotted tuskfish Blue swimmer crab Bluetail mullet Blue threadfin Blue tuskfish Breaksea cod... 8 Bronze whaler Brownlip abalone Brown mud crab Brownspotted wrasse Brownstripe snapper... 8 C Cherabin Chinamanfish... 5 Chinaman rockcod Cobia Common coral trout... 5 Common dart Crimson snapper... 9 Cuttlefish D Darktail snapper... 8 Diamondscale mullet Dogtooth tuna Duskytail grouper... 7 Dusky whaler E Eightbar grouper... 3 Estuary cobbler F Flame snapper... 3 Foxfish Frostback rockcod... 7 Frypan bream G Giant sea catfish Giant trevally Goldband snapper... 9 Goldenline whiting Golden snapper... 9 Golden trevally Goldspot pigfish Goldspotted rockcod... 7 Grass emperor... 6 Great barracuda Greenback mullet Greenlip abalone Green mud crab Grey mackerel Greynurse shark Gummy shark H Hammerhead sharks Hapuku... 3 Harlequin fish... 4 Horseshoe leatherjacket. 14 Humphead Maori wrasse.10 K King George whiting King threadfin L Largetooth flounder Longnose emperor... 6 Longtom M Mackerel tuna Mahi mahi Mangrove Jack... 8 Maori snapper... 9 Marron Moses snapper... 8 Mulloway N Northern bluefin tuna Northern pearl perch

31 Northern sand flathead.. 19 Northwest black bream O Octopus Oriental bonito Ornate rock lobster P Painted rock lobster Painted sweetlips... 4 Platycephalus speculator.19 Port Jackson shark Potato rockcod... 7 Prawns Purple tuskfish Q Queenfish Queensland groper... 7 R Rankin cod... 7 Redclaw Red emperor... 9 Redspot emperor... 6 Redthroat emperor... 6 Robinson s seabream... 8 Roe s abalone Rosy snapper... 9 Rosy threadfin bream... 8 Ruby snapper... 3 S Saddletail snapper... 9 Sailfish Samsonfish Sandbar shark Sawfishes Sawsharks School mackerel Sea mullet Sea sweep... 4 Sergeant baker... 5 Shark mackerel Sharptooth snapper... 9 Silver cobbler Silver toadfish Silver trevally Sixspine leatherjacket Smalltooth flounder Snapper... 4 Snook Southern bluefin tuna Southern bluespotted flathead Southern garfish Southern maori wrasse Southern rock lobster Southern school whiting. 12 Spangled emperor... 6 Spanish mackerel Spotted mackerel Squid Striped marlin Striped seapike Stripey snapper... 8 Swallowtail... 5 T Tailor Tarwhine Three-by-two garfish Tiger shark Tripletail Turrum W Wahoo Weeping toadfish West Australian dhufish... 4 Western Australian salmon (Salmon) Western blue groper... 4 Western butterfish Western King wrasse Western rock lobster Western school whiting Western sooty grunter Western spotted gummy shark Western striped grunter.. 18 Western trumpeter whiting Western yellowfin bream.16 Whiskery shark White shark Whitetip reef shark Wobbegongs Y Yellowedge coronation trout..5 Yelloweye mullet Yelloweye redfish... 5 Yellowfin tuna Yellowfin whiting Yellowspotted rockcod... 7 Yellowtail emperor... 6 Yellowtail flathead Yellowtail kingfish Yellowtail scad

32 Before you go fishing, let someone know where you are going and contact them if your plans change. Always let them know when you return. The information in this guide is current at the date of printing, but may change. A separate guide on fishing rules is available. For the most up-to-date information on fishing, visit the Department of Fisheries website or contact us. Produced for the Survey of Recreational Fishing in Western Australia. DEPARTMENT OF FISHERIES HEAD OFFICE 3rd Floor, The Atrium, 168 St Georges Terrace, Perth 6000 T: (08) F: (08) customerservice@fish.wa.gov.au ABN: RES FEB 2014 Illustrations R.Swainston/