WAMSI Node 4 Synthesis & Integration Workshop, June 2010 Project 4.4 Captured Species Assessments

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1 WAMSI Node 4 Synthesis & Integration Workshop, June 2010 Project 4.4 Captured Species Assessments Node Leader: Rick Fletcher Project Leader: Brett Molony Department of Fisheries, Western Australia

2 Three projects 4.4.1: Assessment and monitoring methods for bycatch species composition and abundance (DoF) 4.4.2: Implications of mobility and stock structure of species for management approaches : Stock Structure (Otolith chemistry) DoF (a): Dhufish microsats CSIRO (b): Pink snapper and baldchin microsats MU : Spatially explicit models, CSIRO 4.4.3: Development of cost-effective methods for monitoring the catch of the non-commercial sector (DoF)

3 EBFM FRAMEWORK Assets addressed by Project 4.4 BIOREGION Ecological Assessments Socio-Economic Wellbeing Outcomes Ability to Achieve Integrated Elements Individual Elements Direct Stakeholders Fisheries Administration Community Structure & Biodiversity 'Fish' Species Dependent Communities State/National External Factors Targeted Non Targeted Habitat Categories Non 'Fish' Species 4.4 Captured Species Assessments

4 WAMSI Node 4 Project Assessment and monitoring methods for bycatch species composition and abundance Richard Evans DoFWA

5 4.4.1: Assessment and monitoring methods for bycatch species composition and abundance Management Question being addressed Do southern state fisheries impose a high risk to sustainability of TEPS and other bycatch species? Outputs of Relevance to management Highlight gaps in our knowledge of monitoring and recording bycatch Provide a risk assessment framework for assessing bycatch across fisheries Highlight at-risk species in fisheries in the West Coast and Gascoyne Bioregions Development of appropriate monitoring methods for particular at-risk fisheries

6 What data do we have? Bioregion Fishery Data Collected Gascoyne West Coast Shark Bay Prawn Managed Fishery Recreational Exmouth Prawn Managed Fishery Gascoyne Charter Fishery Gascoyne Demersal Scalefish Fishery Shark Bay Scallop Managed Fishery Shark Bay Crab (Including other northern crabs) Gascoyne open access inshore net fishery Exmouth Gulf Beach Seine Shark Bay Beach Seine Demersal Gillnet and Longline Fishery (incl. Sth Coast) Recreational West Coast Rock Lobster Fishery South West Trawl West Coast Charter Fishery Abrolhos Islands and MidWest Trawl Managed Fishery Roe's Abalone Fishery West Coast Blue Swimmer Crab Fishery West Coast Deep Sea Crab West Coast Demersal Scalefish Fishery West Coast Purse Seine Managed Fishery West Coast Beach Bait Managed Fishery (SW beach seine also) West Coast Tailor Fishery West Coast Open Access Inshore Net Fishery West Coast Estuarine (Interim) Managed Fishery Cockburn Sound Fisheries N N N N N Y N N N N N N N N N N

7 West Coast Max score 23 Pomatomidae Tailor Pomatomus saltatrix Serranidae Leopard Wirrah Acanthistius pardalotus Labridae Groper, Baldchin Choerodon rubescens Plotosidae Cobbler Cnidoglanis macrocephalus Syngnathidae Common seadragon Phyllopteryx taeniolatus Sparidae Snapper, Pink Pagrus auratus Neosebastidae Gurnard Perches Neosebastes pandus Berycidae Snapper, Red (Nannygai) Centroberyx gerrardi Glaucosomatidae Dhufish, Western Australian Glaucosoma hebraicum Triakidae Shark, Whiskery Furgaleus macki Serranidae Cod, Breaksea (Black-arse Cod) Epinephelides armatus Carcharhinidae Shark, Blue (Blue Whaler) Prionace glauca Odontaspididae Grey Nurse Sharks Carcharias taurus Carcharhinidae Shark, Spinner Carcharhinus Brevipinna (melanopterus) Carcharhinidae Shark, Tiger Galeocerdo cuvier Lamnidae Great White Shark Carcharodon carcharias Carcharhinidae Shark, Sandbar Carcharhinus plumbeus Sphyrnidae Smooth hammerhead Sphyrna zygaena Triakidae Shark, Gummy Mustelus antarcticus Heterodontidae Port Jackson Shark Heterodontus portusjacksoni

8 Gascoyne Max score 23 Sillaginidae Whiting, Trumpeter Sillago burrus Platycephalidae Flathead, Long-spined Platycephalus longispinis Sillaginidae Whiting, Robust Sillago robusta Lethrindae Emperor, Blue-Lined (Black SnappLethrinus laticaudis Glaucosomatidae Deepsea jewfish Glaucosoma burgeri Lethrinidae Emperor, Blue-Spotted Lethrinus punctulatus Bothidae Flounder, Spiny Pseudorhombus spinosus Platycephalidae Flathead, Fringe-eyed Cymbacephalus nematophthalmus Serranidae Cod, Breaksea (Black-arse Cod) Epinephelides armatus Mullidae Goatfish, Yellow-striped Parupeneus chrysopleuron Plotosidae Catfish, Striped Plotosus lineatus Carcharhinidae Sandbar shark Carcharhinus plumbeus Platycephalidae Flathead, Spiny Onigocia spinosa Aulostomidae Flutemouth, Smooth Fistularia commersonii Sparidae Pink snapper Pagrus auratus Dasyatididae Stingray, Brown Reticulated Dasyatis leylandi Plotosidae Catfish, Small-headed Euristhmus microceps Rhynchobatidae Shovelnose Ray, Whitespot/WhiteRhynchobatus australiae Ariidae Giant seacatfish Netuma thalassina Dasyatididae Stingray, Black-blotched Taeniura meyeni

9 TEPS max score 25 Gascoyne Syngnathids (bycatch) Hippocampus angustus Cormorant, General Phalacrocorax varius Seasnake Hydrophis elegans Shark, Saw Pristiophorus cirratus Turtle, Green Chelonia mydas Turtle, loggerhead Caretta caretta Turtle, flatback Natator depressus Turtle, General Chelonia mydas West Coast South Coast Eagle Ray Cormorant, General Whales Shark, Great White Shark, Grey nurse Dolphins Seal, General Turtle, General Aetobatus narinari Phalacrocorax varius Megaptera novaeangliae Carcharodon carcharias Carcharius taurus Tursiops truncatus Arctocephalus forsteri Caretta caretta Cormorant, General Phalacrocorax varius Whale, General Megaptera novaeangliae Manta rays Manta birostris Duck, Musk Biziura lobata Dolphin Tursiops truncatus Shark, Grey nurse Carcharius taurus Shark, White pointer Carcharodon carcharias Shearwater, General Puffinus carneipes Turtle, Leatherback Dermochelys coriacea Turtles, General Caretta caretta Seal, General Arctocephalus forsteri Sea lions Neophoca cinerea

10 Cameras TEPS interactions

11 Provided a bioregional risk assessment framework for assessing bycatch across fisheries Based on current available data most species are low to moderate risk. Highlight gaps in our knowledge of monitoring and recording bycatch Require strategic bycatch sampling across all fisheries that are believed to need bycatch data Collect some baseline data for future reference in some fisheries which ones? Protected species data collection requires more than present efforts Training of fishers? Observer programs? Cameras?

12 Discussion of 4.4.1

13 4.4.2: Implications of mobility and stock structure of species for management approaches Management Question being addressed What is the stock structure and connectedness of populations of indicator species of the WCDSF? Western Australian Dhufish Pink Snapper Endemic Baldchin Complimentary techniques (1 st ) DoF Otolith microchemistry; SI MU CSIRO Genetics (micro-satellite) Determine natal origins, interconnectedness, sources and sinks Compare to current management zones of the WCDSF and adjacent bioregions

14 4.4 Target Species Spatial Analysis '0"E '0"E Figure ' South! KALBARRI! GERALDTON Legend Abrolhos_CAES_blocks WCDS Areas Kalbarri Area Mid-West Area Metropolitan Area South-West Area Offshore Area 200 nm limit (AFZ Boundary) LANCELIN PERTH BUNBURY!! MARGARET RIVER Future South Coast Demersal Scalefish Fishery ' East ' East Kilometres

15 WCDSF indicator species population structure/dispersal matrix population genetics structured unstructured structured otolith microchemistry unstructured adult + juvenile low dispersal?? complicated local recruitment no environmental heterogeneity? juveniles disperse adults sedentary adult + juvenile high dispersal

16 WAMSI Node 4 Project Stock Structure of West Australian Dhufish, Pink Snapper and Baldchin Groper using otolith microchemistry David Fairclough, Gary Jackson, Rod Lenanton, John Edmonds, Brett Crisafulli and Ian Keay DoFWA Paul Hamer & Jodie Kemp, DPI Victoria Steve Brookes, Isoanalytical, UK.

17 Stock Structure Otolith microchemistry WA Dhufish Stable isotope and trace elements Samples collected in each zone of WCB Analysis of δ 13 C, δ 18 O, Sr, Mg, Ba in edges/cores of otoliths = signature for capture location and nursery Chemical signatures among location (edges and cores) were variable, but the patterns were similar

18 Stock Structure Otolith microchemistry WA Dhufish Dhufish otolith cores No sig. difference among zones, but some among locations, e.g. extremes of WCB. Indicates: No major sources or sinks of recruits Fish do not travel far after settlement corroborated by tagging Mixing occurs at the larval stage

19 Stock Structure Otolith microchemistry WA Dhufish Implications for management and monitoring: Management -WCB zones do not house separate stocks. - boundaries not strictly applicable. - tool for managing fishing effort to limit localised depletions. Monitoring stock status should continue at a broad spatial scale, as fishing effort varies among current zones.

20 Stock Structure Otolith microchemistry Pink Snapper Preliminary results: High degree of mixing Implications: Management how to treat related stocks in separate bioregions, e.g. supply of recruits from Carnarvon (GB) to Kalbarri (WCB)? Monitoring stock status should continue at a broad spatial scale, as effort varies among current zones.

21 WAMSI Node 4 Project a Stock Structure of West Australian Dhufish, using micro-satellites Phil England, Olly (Oliver) Berry, Christopher Burridge CSIRO

22 4.4.2: Implications of mobility and stock structure of species for management approaches (a): (Dhufish microsats) CSIRO Outputs of Relevance to management Complements microchemistry result; uses evolutionary timescale. Opportunities for Cross Nodal Collaboration Phillip England leads a project in WAMSI Node 1 (hydrodynamic modeling of invertebrate larval dispersal) Supports other projects Dhufish biology workshop Department of Fisheries December 2009 cross nodal Led to the development of two further proposals; NRM, FRDC Issues Requiring Action Nil

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24 Dhufish spatial genetic structure (preliminary) Coord. 2 Principal Coordinates Coord. 1 Dawsville Mandurah Bunbury Canal Naturalist Geraldton Jurien Hillarys Lancelin Seabird Two Rocks Augusta Geographe 8.0 Isolation by Distance Isolation by distance Suggests no genetic structure Compare to microchemistry Genetic distance geographic distance Adults sedentary genetic Geographic distance

25 WAMSI Node 4 Project b Stock Structure of Pink Snapper and Baldchin Groper, using micro-satellites Michelle Gardner, Jennie Chaplin Murdoch University

26 Baldchin Groper - Results Preliminary analysis of data Species is represented by a single stock or a series of overlapping stocks throughout its range Otolith microchemistry and oceanographic modelling to provide more information about extent and life-history phase of dispersal Duration of pelagic larval phase?

27 Baldchin Groper Management Implications Assuming results of preliminary analysis hold Assemblages are interconnected overfishing in one location may, to a certain degree, be offset by recruitment from another location

28 Pink Snapper preliminary findings Preliminary results (4 microsatellite loci) This species also appears to be represented by a single stock or a series of overlapping stocks between Kalbarri and Albany

29 4.4.2: Implications of mobility and stock structure of species for management approaches Mobility and structure of indicator species of WCDSF interpreted in relation to hydrodynamic modelling Larval dispersal heavily influenced by current strength and direction Drifter project

30 4.4.2: Implications of mobility and stock structure of species for management approaches

31 4.4.2: Implications of mobility and stock structure of species for management approaches Data to CSIRO team to validate model (of larval drift) ( ) to compliment in interpretation of genetic and otolith chemistry results

32 Discussion of 4.4.2

33 4.4.3: Development of cost-effective methods for monitoring the catch of the non-commercial sector Management Question being addressed Cost effective estimates of catch and effort by noncommercial sectors (recreational)

34 WAMSI Node 4 Project Monitoring catch of non-commercial sector Brent Wise DoF

35 Objective To develop cost-effective methods for monitoring the catch of the non-commercial sector Assessment of various survey techniques, to develop a cost effective integrated system to measure the catch of non-commercial fishing sectors in the West Coast and Gascoyne demersal scalefish fisheries Development of methods for incorporating recreational volunteers into a formalised program for the collection of essential biological and catch and effort information for inshore and estuarine fisheries Provision of information from the above activities to IFM related processes within the West Coast and Gascoyne Bioregions

36 Recreational surveys past, present and future NEW March 2010 boat fishing licence which provides a sampling frame for an integrated survey of recreational boat fishing 99/00 Pilbara 98/99 and 07/08 Gascoyne 01-07, 10 Shark Bay 96/97, 05/06, 08/09, 09/10 West coast 1973: Shore and boat-based fishing Mandurah and Two Rocks 01/02: Cockburn Sound and Geographe Bay 94/95 South West Coast Salmon and Herring 98: Leschenault estuary creel survey 98/99: Swan Canning estuary creel survey 98/99, 07/08: Peel-Harvey estuary creel surveys 74/75, 05: Blackwood estuary creel surveys 02/03 south coast estuaries

37 Previous phone-diary survey component State-wide boat-based phone-diary survey Survey design previously developed and implemented in 05/06 WCB phone-diary survey Requires a sampling frame based on boat registration information Proposed phone-diary survey initially delayed and then finally concluded impossible due to difficulties obtaining the boat registration information from DPI

38 NEW Phone-diary survey design New boat fishing licence was established March 2010 Boat fishing licence will provide a sampling frame for surveys However this new sampling frame differs from the previous DPI boat registration frame New design will be required and is the focus of a workshop The workshop will also investigate best way to integrate survey information to produce a more efficient survey

39 Workshop on Recreational Survey Methods Date February State, National and International participants Aim: The workshop will investigate ways to integrate information from different surveys to produce a more efficient design Cost effective means to build on experiences and expertise Australia wide and possibly include international experts Provide external peer review at the design stage (rather than after the study has been completed) Draft Workshop Report of recommendations on cost effective survey designs to produce reliable estimates of recreational catch and effort

40 Workshop Outcomes State-wide surveys Phone-diary (logbook) survey over 12 months to provide fishing harvest, catch and effort of important species using the boat fishing licence as a sampling frame. Requires an initial screening survey and a final follow-up survey of attitudinal responses of participants and non-intending fishers. Phone-recall survey for episodic fishers (i.e. fishers who fish (intensively) over only a very short period within the year including very short term opportunists, grey nomads and fly-in/fly-outs) to provide fishing harvest, catch and effort of important species based on boat fishing license frame throughout the same time period as the Phone-diary survey.

41 Workshop Outcomes Cont. Regional/local on-site or remote surveys On-site fishing harvest, catch, effort and biological information collected using a probability-based sample of access points throughout the same time period as the telephone survey. The harvest, catch and effort data at access points would be used to validate the phone survey data, while the biological data are required to estimate catch weight and provide information for stock assessment. On-site effort from a census or probability-based sample of access points using validated counts supplemented with cameras/car counters to increase coverage of the temporal frame throughout the same time period as the phone survey. This survey provides validation and calibration of telephone survey estimates. Potential use of aerial survey for effort estimates in conjunction with the access-point survey. This survey provides validation and calibration of phone survey estimates.

42 What s next June 2010: Workshop report finalised June-July 2010: Discussion between DoF and Stakeholders to finalise objectives etc for the integrated survey July-November 2010: Design of integrated survey December 2010: Begin sampling January-December 2011: Integrated survey period January-March 2012: Analyses March-June 2010: Final report and extension to managers, stakeholders

43 Discussion of and Project 4.4.

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