Linear profiling in SWB new breeding values and genetic background

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Drusilla McKenzie
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competitive horses in dressage, show jumping

1 Linear profiling in SWB new breeding values and genetic background Åsa Viklund, Emma Thorén Hellsten, Sofia Mikko, Susanne Eriksson Swedish Warmblood Internationally competitive horses in dressage, show jumping or eventing 65,000 horses 4,400 covered mares (2017)

Foal inspections Stallion performance test Mares for conformation

2 Introduction of linear profiling 2013 Young horse test for 3-year-olds ( 40%) 2014 Young horse test for 4- and 5-year-olds Foal inspections Stallion performance test Mares for conformation grading 2 Scientific background Scientific results published in November

3 Scientific results in short Heritabilities Conformation (21 traits) 0.10 hock joint from behind for shape of the neck Movements (21 traits) 0.08 energy in walk elasticity in trot Jumping (14 traits) 0.05 ability to focus on the assignment scope Genetic correlations very strong between corresponding traits 4 Correlation between EBVs Jumping technique (evaluating score) Scope (linear) Much Little

Correlation between EBVs Correctness of legs (evaluating score) 130 120 110 100 90 92 94 96 98 100 102 104 106 108 110 Foreleg (linear) Toed in 90 Toed out 80 70 60 6 Scientific results in short

4 Correlation between EBVs Correctness of legs (evaluating score) Foreleg (linear) Toed in 90 Toed out Scientific results in short Heritabilities Conformation (21 traits) 0.10 hock joint from behind for shape of the neck Movements (21 traits) 0.08 energy in walk elasticity in trot Jumping (14 traits) 0.05 ability to focus on the assignment scope Genetic correlations very strong between corresponding traits 7 4

5 New breeding values 2017 March Stallions - minimum 10 offspring with linear assessment (but at least 15 offspring at young horse test) 2018 January Stallions - minimum 10 offspring with linear assessment Mares with own linear assessment BLUP Animal Model y ijk = sex i + event j + horse k + residual ijk 8 New breeding values Based on young horse test for 3-year-olds (4,000 horses) 50 traits (conformation, movements, jumping) 100 = average of all assessed horses Genetic standard deviation of 4 units Same direction of scale as protocol Accuracy low, moderate and high 9 5

On-going activities Add information in breeding

and 5-year-old horses Performance test for

of Young Horse Test Traits in SWB Horses Aim To

and performance traits in Swedish Warmblood (SWB)

6 On-going activities Add information in breeding value estimations from: Young horse test for 4- and 5-year-old horses Performance test for stallions 10 Genome-wide Association Study (GWAS) of Young Horse Test Traits in SWB Horses Aim To find genomic regions associated with conformation and performance traits in Swedish Warmblood (SWB) Contant Q 1203 och Arnold Assarsson. Photo: Maria Håkansson. 11 6

Bocelli (SWB) Don Primero Sir Donnerhall Florencio I Sandro Hit De Noir Sancisco Santana Blue Hors Don Romantic Highcruiser Skovens Rafael Briar (SWB) Channon (SWB) Rubinrot Hermes (SWB) Silvano His

7 Bocelli (SWB) Don Primero Sir Donnerhall Florencio I Sandro Hit De Noir Sancisco Santana Blue Hors Don Romantic Highcruiser Skovens Rafael Briar (SWB) Channon (SWB) Rubinrot Hermes (SWB) Silvano His Highness Blue Hors Zack Black Coffee (SWB) Twiligt Quaterback First Wish Damino SD (SWB) L'Acteur Hohenstaufen II Johnson Friendship Sandakan Sandreo Dionysos Loredes Rosevelt Daytona VDL (ex Wolters) Blue Hors Hotline Smashing Hit Okeanos (SWB) Wilton Figaro R Metall Highlander Santino Kennedy Rambo (SWB) Highlight Ludwigs Champion Nobel Biggles (SWB) Carland Quite Easy Magini (SWB) Saigon (ex Swingo) Lambourgini (SWB) De la Gardie Belamour Last Liberty Casir Ask Topaasch Al Cantino Richfield Cassini II Corlensky G Qalle (SWB) Niveau (SWB) Hip Hop (SWB) Manhattan Easy Boy (SWB) A-Dur Fetcher N (SWB) Akribori VDL Sheraton Carême (SWB) Cuper Empire (ex Secret Pride) Dee Jost Van Dyke (SWB) For Feeling Cyrano de Bergerac Saint Amour Tornesch Contendro I Balou du Rouet Orlando Camaro M Cortus Cagancho Carte d'or Coriall Alcatraz Quintender Aerline H (SWB) Haydn Carson Ask Cartier Majim G Laptop Caressini L Cathageno Lasandos Radiator Balougraph Careful Spender S (SWB) Lux Z Lucky Point HE (SWB) Guido (ex Gudo) Callahan VDL Ronaldinho H (SWB) Eighty Eight Keys xx Santa Cruz VDL Heartbeat Feliciano (SWB) Looping Szkopul Roven xx Marwin Jaguar Mail Camiell-Flamingo Z Maloubet de Pleville (SF) Cardento Lord Alberth (SWB) Non Stop R Cornetto Chess (SWB) Alligator Fontaine Etrusco Hamilton (SWB) Robin Z 4 th International Workshop on Linear Profiling in the Warmblood Horse March 2018 Background SWB selected for show jumping and dressage traits. Weak positive genetic correlations previously estimated between jumping and dressage traits. Breeders focus increasingly on one discipline rather than both. Still, some stallions have high EBVs for both disciplines. 12 SWB stallions by dressage EBVs Dressage index Show jumping index Stallions with 10 offspring born

Material and methods 380 horses tested as 3-year-olds 2013-2014, hair

traditional evaluating scores 2 summarized traits: show jumping and

Genotyped using the equine 670K SNP-chip (Affymetrix) 14 Two main

8 Material and methods 380 horses tested as 3-year-olds , hair samples Total of 97 young horse test traits Height at withers 8 traditional evaluating scores 2 summarized traits: show jumping and dressage talent 57 linearly scored traits 29 deviations scored as 0/1 Genotyped using the equine 670K SNP-chip (Affymetrix) 14 Two main clusters EBV (dressage) = 97 EBV (show jumping) = 123 EBV (dressage) = 117 EBV (show jumping) =

Height at withers Confirmed published region on ECA3 highly significant for height at withers (p=3.4 x 10-21 ).

9 Height at withers Confirmed published region on ECA3 highly significant for height at withers (p=3.4 x ). 16 Conformation Significant peak in linear conformation trait (p = 2.6 x 10-9 ) on ECA3. Potentially interesting regions for deviation traits (0/1). Generally few individuals in one of the categories. 17 9

18 Jumping technique No significant association found in full data set (N=378) or in

10 Movements Only few suggestive associations for movement traits in spite of high heritabilities (p=1.3 x 10-6 ). 18 Jumping technique No significant association found in full data set (N=378) or in dressage cluster. But potentially interesting association(s) in show jumping cluster only for linear jumping trait (N=189, p = 6.4 x 10-8 )

Conclusions Increasing focus towards either show jumping or dressage among SWB-breeders. With 380 horses and 670K SNP-chip genome-wide assoc. for normally distributed traits could be detected.

11 Conclusions Increasing focus towards either show jumping or dressage among SWB-breeders. With 380 horses and 670K SNP-chip genome-wide assoc. for normally distributed traits could be detected. A highly significant genome-wide association was confirmed for height at ECA3. Significant SNP associations were found for conformation traits. Within one of two clusters, significant association was found for linear jumping traits. 20 Acknowledgement Swedish Warmblood Association Swedish-Norwegian Foundation for Equine Research 21 11

Implications of across-studbook genetic correlations between linear traits for sport horse breeding

S63 (abstract no. 23348) IT-Solutions for Animal Production 67 th EAAP Annual Meeting, 29 August - 2 September 2016, Belfast, Ireland Implications of across-studbook genetic correlations between linear