CITES Secretariat Saker Falcons in trade: a case study

Transcription

1 CITES Secretariat 1 Saker Falcons in trade: a case study Saker Falcon Task Force Stakeholders Action Planning workshop 9-11 September 2013, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates

2 International trade in falcons 2 All species of the Family Falconidae are included in the CITES Appendices International trade is regulated acordingly

3 CITES 3 Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora Purpose: ensure that wild fauna and flora in international trade are not exploited unsustainably 178 Parties 35,000 species

4 CITES and falcons 4 Appendix I Species threatened with extinction International commercial trade generally prohibited Appendix II 3% 92% Species not necessarily threatened with extinction but requiring trade controls Look-alike species International commercial trade permitted and regulated Falco araeus Falco jugger Falco newtoni (Seychelles population) Falco pelegrinoides Falco peregrinus Falco punctatus Falco rusticolus All other falcons,including Falco cherrug

5 How CITES works for Appendix II 5 Export, re-export and import of live and dead Saker Falcons, and their parts and derivatives, is regulated through a system of permits and certificates Trade in Saker Falcons requires CITES export permits or re-export certificates The most important conditions for delivery of export permits are that trade: Must be in legal specimens [Management Authority] Must not be detrimental to the survival of the species in the wild [Scientific Authority] Transport conditions for live animals in trade [MA]

6 Exemptions 6 If a Management Authority is satisfied that a specimen of an Appendix-II species has been captive-bred, it can certify this in permits and certificates (source code C ) (no NDF for C!) False declaration of source bred in captivity is one of the most common and persistent types of CITES fraud Personally owned live animals that undergo frequent transborder movements, such as Saker Falcons for falconry, and that are based and registered in the owner's State of usual residence can travel to other countries with a passport issued by MA Only if live bird is legally acquired and possessed Bird needs secure mark or identification, included in passport Valid for maximum three years Owner can not sell or transfer bird when abroad

7 Exports of live Falco cherrug live - (blank) - Sum of Importer's Reported Quantity live - (blank) - Sum of Exporter's Reported Quantity

8 8 Change in source of Falco cherrug Major source C: RU, DE, KZ. AT, UK Major source W: MO, PA, IR, RU, SY (KU, CI, UA) live - W - (blank) live - C - (blank)

9 Addressing CITES trade concerns 9 International authorized trade in Saker Falcons from certain range States seemed significant in relation to the conservation status of the species (CITES trade may be inadequately managed: ineffective or no Scientific Authority; no robust NDFs; permits issued contrary to advise from SA; no monitoring; ) Illegal and unreported trade has been a significant problem for the conservation of the species CITES actions to address both these causes of unsustainable trade - Review of Significant Trade - Cooperation between countries over illicit trade in falcons

10 Review of Significant Trade - Falco cherrug 10 Falco cherrug selected in 2003 Information provided by UAE Concerns: levels of exports from certain range States; implementation of requirements to make NDFs by these States Implementation evaluated in 2006, 2009 and 2010 Action by Standing Committee where insufficient compliance Consultation with 47 range States in 2004/05 Categorization For range States where trade was of urgent concern : recommendations to ensure non-detrimental trade Many fully protect species or do not trade eliminated from Review Implementation by range States of recommendations 2005/09 Country-specific, incl.: suspend trade; implement surveys and monitoring programmes; make better NDFs; CB;

11 Outcome of Review of Significant Trade 11 Bahrain: Trade suspension (information on the basis for making NDFs and information on captive-breeding operations have not been made available) Mongolia: Annual export quota of 300 live wild specimens since 2009 (quota announced in 2010 and 2011) Iran, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Pakistan, Russian Federation, Saudi Arabia, Turkmenistan and Uzbekistan: Zero export quota for wild specimens (conditions for change include (i) a status survey and (ii) a science-based population monitoring system with adaptive management harvest programmes) Other range States: No additional measures required

12 Addressing illicit trade in Saker Falcons 12 CITES Falcon Enforcement Task Force ( )

13 Addressing illicit trade in Saker Falcons 13 International Consortium on Combating Wildlife Crime (ICCWC) Established in 2011 Supports national wildlife law enforcement agencies and sub-regional and regional networks Regional Wildlife Enforcement Networks (WENs) WENs operational in European Union, South Asia and Southeast Asia WENs under various stages of development in West Asia, Central Asia, East Africa

14 Way forward 14 Multiple threats; multiple conservation needs Long-term survival requires the development and implementation of Saker Falcon Global Action Plan, involving all stakeholders (incl. CBD, CMS, CITES) CITES contribution: to ensure sustainable, legal and traceable trade in Saker falcons As agrees at CoP16, focus for CITES for on: Implementation joint CMS-CITES work programme Capacity building tools and training for making of NDFs Review Production systems and develop guidance Enforcement capacity building (training; forensics; tool kits)

15 15 CITES Secretariat Geneva