DELTI. Vac. DELTI-Vac MIL. Application. Principle. Characteristic

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1 - MIL - presents the most complex versatile and variable system for stability Application Monitoring of chemical stability is essential for reliable risk and safety management of single or double based gun powders, composite rocket fuels and other propellants, pyrotechnic mixtures, explosives, hazardous chemicals, polymers, composites, binders and others. Integral part of this monitoring is compatibility consideration of or mixtures of these materials. Testing in vacuum provides the highest resolution for evolved gas quantification but different atmospheres and pressures can be selected. This further extends system applicability. Principle Unstable behavior of energetic and hazardous materials is associated with liberation of heat and gaseous products of decomposition. Kinetics of these reactions is in tight relation to reaction temperature. - uses precise vacuum gauges and pressure transducers to monitor absolute volume of liberated gases in gas tight tubes. Temperature of these tubes is kept constant by precise conditioning of inbuilt heating block. Stability and compatibility consideration is deeply incorporated in quality and safety management of production, storage and warehousing. Most of military products require periodical inspection for their lifetime monitoring. Latest series of accidents of publicly used products proved necessity of implementation of stability monitoring into R&D and quality management of these products. Typical examples are R&D and QC in production of automotive parts (air bags, gas generators) where are required excellent precision, reproducibility and long time performance. Ultimate external calibration of all physical values is provided for integration into ISO TS Result of vacuum stability monitoring are time dependence of vacuum level (gas pressure), gas liberation rate, absolute volume of evolved gas, optionally also volume of evolved gas per miligram of sample and sample density. Characteristic Temperature limit C Temperature accuracy ± 0.05 C uum range options 20, 50, 100, 133 kpa Pressure range options 4, 10 and 25 bar Sampling rate Hz Sample weight (recommended) g Tube volume range ml Accuracy of tube volume values ± 0.05 ml Experiment test time (usually) hours Initial vacuum level Pa Block heating rate 5 C/min Block natural cooling rate 2-4 C/h Block oil cooling rate (nonlinear) 1-3 C/min Compliance STANAG 4556, 4147, 4022/4, 4023, 4230, 4284, 4566 MIL-STD-650, DIN , DIN VDE 0472 and IEC Legal restrictions Instruments which comply with military standards and requirements might be classified as military goods and export licence based on official EUC is required in these cases.

2 - MIL - presents the most complex versatile and variable system for stability Description - MIL testing system consists of the main unit which is inbuilt into the main block. The main unit has power and data connectors for 2 other extension blocks. The main unit controls precise heating of blocks and acquires all measured values. Each of blocks has inbuilt aluminum heating block, connectors for vacuum/pressure transducers and independent overheating protection. The main unit requires no PC for its operation and is accessible via SD card or LAN (optionally). PC is required only for experiment configuration, evaluation of measured data and issuing of protocols. A detailed description of the main unit and heating blocks is provided in separate sections. Each test tube has mounted capacitive/piezoresistive vacuum gauge. Steel tubes can be equipped with piezoresistive pressure transducers. Tubes are inserted into the heating block with connectors. This comprises a standalone independent group. Additional units such as vacuum pump, evacuation/filling stands and configuration computer are used in preparation and evaluation phase of the experiment. Basic system configuration is described in the following diagram. Optimized for Quality Management - MIL is optimized for quality assurance of energetic materials. Propellants, rocket fuels, high explosives and pyrotechnics are tested for their chemical stability. Lifetime of controlled ammunition is evaluated according to selected testing method or standard. Methods are selected or modified for lower stability double based propellants, high stable pyrotechnics and high temperature investigation of stable high explosives. Colour LCD touch screen and PC free measurement running reduce necessary table area to minimum. Stand for tubes includes vacuum line for easy evacuation and has inbuilt temperature sensor. Temperature of tubes is automatically recorded by main unit whenever needed with maximum reliability of real tube temperature. These functions are fully supported with complete range of extension units, glass tubes, high strength corrosion resistant steel tubes, vacuum gauges, pressure sensors, smart stands and sets for lubrication and evacuation or filling. Additional Functions Simplicity Block diagram of - MIL shows its basic components and underlines simplicity of used concept. Each component can be selected from a range of offered units according to exact testing requirements. Unprecedented range of testing conditions is provided. uum stability test tube can be alternatively used as a vacuum drying chamber or furnace. Steel tube SST33 has inner steel or glass crucible which allows sample removing from without changing of sample weight. Monitoring of sample weight during experiment or vacuum treatment at precisely controlled temperature provides valuable information also for designing of production technologies. Calibrated gas injector extends using of vacuum tubes for precise determination of free sample density. Temperature limit C uum mode limit 200 kpa Pressure mode limit 4, 10 or 25 bar Test tube volume ml No. of samples Ready for vacuum, inert, air and oxygen

3 - MIL - presents the most complex versatile and variable system for stability Safety Heat treatment of energetic materials rapidly increases the risk of decomposition or explosion. Continuous monitoring of pressure rise rate of each sample is a key feature for successful safety management. User defined trigger functions automatically interrupt heating and start passive cooling whenever needed. Additional installation of active oil cooling (1) with heat absorbing tank (2) allows rapid temperature reduction in case of need. The absorbed heat is slowly vented by active air flow. Oil cooling is an optional separate unit which must be ordered with heating block. Main unit and block The main unit is a key element of the - MIL system. It is inbuilt into the main block of - MIL and presents stand alone and independent unit. It has rigid stainless steel construction with ports for connecting of 2 other extension blocks. The main unit is accessible for data transfer after the test via SD card or LAN. It measures and records values of - all vacuum/pressure transducers - temperatures of blocks, tubes (stands) and laboratory air - atmospheric pressure and humidity Trigger Air cooling It controls - precise heating of all aluminium heating blocks - independent limiting units for overheating protection - pressure rise rate in all tubes with alarm triggering - passive/active emergency cooling - heating corrections according to valid calibration Rapid oil cooling Despite the continuous monitoring an explosion of the sample can occur. Preventive safety measures are essential for the general safety of system operation. High strength stainless steel tubes can withstand sample decomposition or explosion. However, preliminary testing is necessary and proper methodology must be used to avoid these events. To avoid of risky operation in front of the device is optionally available remote operation via LAN interface. Advantageous features Standalone device with color LCD touch screen interface Remote access to the system via LAN (optional) Up to 3 independent testing temperatures for simultaneous testing Accurate temperature controlling Each block has an inbuilt aluminium heating block with advanced multizone PID controlling and independent temperature limiting unit. It has 3 independent precise temperature sensors, short heat up times, excellent temperature accuracy and great energetic efficiency. Inbuilt connectors help with smooth manipulation with cables. - MIL Sample positions 12 LCD interaface Yes Size of holes (diam. x depth) 19 or 34 x 170 mm Weight 35 kg Size (WxDxH) 40x40x40 cm Power input (240 VAC, 50 Hz) 2300 W Independent temperature limiting (overheating protection) for all blocks User defined alarm functions Active oil cooling system for rapid temperature reduction (optional unit) Self-programming of user profiles and testing procedures Fast conversion of device for different - tubes Ultimate external calibration management approved for ISO TS 16946

4 - MIL - presents the most complex versatile and variable system for stability Extension blocks are optional units which increase testing capacity and variability of testing conditions for the single experiment. Each unit has an inbuilt aluminium heating block with powerfull heating elements, connectors, and independent temperature limiting protection. It is synchronized with the main unit which records all acquired data. Extension blocks are intended for VST tubes only. - EXT-M1 Extension blocks Holes for tubes 12 LCD interaface No Size of holes (diam. x depth) 19 or 34 x 170 mm Weight 30 kg Size (WxDxH) 40x40x33 cm Power input (240 VAC, 50 Hz) 1200 W - EXT-M2 Holes for tubes 30 LCD interaface No Size of holes (diam. x depth) 19 or 34 x 170 mm Weight 80 kg Size (WxDxH) 50x60x33 cm Power input (240 VAC, 50 Hz) 1500 W uum gauges - capacitive Professional capacitive gauges (1) are mounted via KF flange and provide several range options. These probes are interchangeable and easy to replace. Software automatically adjusts pressure values according to selected range. Probes are factory calibrated and employ excellent temperature compensation. Lower range provides increased resolution for special applications. This gauges are excellent for research applications or for demanding long time testing of highly stable compositions. uum gauges - piezoresistive Economical piezoresistive gauges (2) are mounted by thread connection and provide limited range option. Sensor exchange slower and calibration data must be properly maintained in software. Probes are factory calibrated. This gauges are excellent for quality assurance applications and standard screening. Piezoresistive vacuum gauges Accuracy 0.25 % Mounting M10x1.0 Output 0-10 V Fast exchange No Ranges available 100, 200 kpa Pressure transducers Piezoresistive pressure sensors (2) are mounted by M10x1.0 thread and provide several range options. Exchanging of these probes requires precise sealing operations. Calibration data must be properly maintained in software. These sensors are used for steel tubes and extend testing conditions for overpressure applications. Piezoresistive pressure transducers Accuracy 0.25 % Mounting M10x1.0 Output 0-10 V Fast exchange No Ranges available 4, 10, 25 bar Capacitive vacuum gauges Accuracy % Mounting ISO KF-16 Output 0-10 V 1 2 Fast exchange Yes Ranges available 20, 50, 100, 133 kpa

5 - MIL - presents the most complex versatile and variable system for stability Glass Test Tubes Glass test tubes are produced according to requirements of testing standard (STANAG, MIL). These tubes have ground joint NS14/23 according to ISO 383. It is the most common test tube for quality measurements of vacuum stability. The length of the tube respects required volume of the whole assembly. Assembly of tube and valve is calibrated according to external calibration management. Glass tube GLT18 Tube diameter 18 mm Volume range available ml Material Borosilicate Temp. limit (recommended) 121 C Connection NS14/23 Requires conical valve with sensor port Stainless Steel Test Tubes Stainless steel test tubes were developed for addvanced testing and provide extended range of testing conditions for vacuum stability measurements. These tubes were designed by MA Precision with respect to latest market requirements and own research. Main advantage of these tube is safety. SST33 is tested for sample burn out. Overpressure application and excellent tightness are another salient features. Tubes are supplied as a complete set with calibration certificate. Stainless steel tube SST18 SST33 Tube diameter 18 mm 33 mm Volume range available ml ml Pressure resistance 100 bar 300 bar Temp. limit (recommended) 200 C Valve position Top 200 C Bottom

6 - MIL - presents the most complex versatile and variable system for stability Stands for Tubes Each tube assembly is prepared for measurement when placed into its stand. Stand has integrated vacuum manifold with ports for bottom or top evacuation. Each stands has also integrated temperature sensor for recording of tube temperature outside the heating block. Temperature before and after measurement is necessary for evaluation of exact volume of volved gas. Assignment with plain room temperature can cause error in calculations especially in case of high strength steel tubes. Stands are made of stainless steel and provide sufficient stability for a set of tubes and sensors. Stand for tubes SST33 contains massive aluminium block for efficient heat distribution in all tubes and validation of recorded temeperature. Stand for tubes GLT18 SST18 SST33 Capacity 6-12 tubes Material AISI304, Teflon, Aluminium Inbuilt temperature sensor Yes Inbuilt vacuum line Yes Evacuation ports Top Bottom