SMOKE CONTROL USING POSITIVE PRESSURE FANS
|
|
- Diana Katrina Berry
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 SMOKE CONTROL USING POSITIVE PRESSURE FANS 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 This circular outlines operational guidelines for smoke and CO control using positive pressure fans (PPF) at fires and emergencies. Fans can be used to pressurize the attack and evacuation stairwells to either keep heat and smoke from entering stairwells or to sequentially ventilate floors of a building. They are also used to mechanically ventilate large structures or areas. The Department has done extensive research and testing on positive pressure ventilation to provide the Incident Commander (IC) ways of conducting a safer operation for firefighters and civilians. 2. SCIENCE OF AIR MOVEMENT 2.1 The natural tendency of air is to move from a higher pressure area to a lower pressure area. As a fire develops and heat increases, the fire will pressurize the area that it occupies. This higher pressure will move towards a lower pressure area that may be in other parts of the structure or other ventilation openings. PPFs are used to mechanically create areas of a slightly higher pressure to contain fire gases and control the flow path of smoke and convection currents that otherwise would be free to move throughout the structure, endangering civilians and firefighters. 3. DEPLOYMENT 3.1 High Rise units in Manhattan (Engines 3 and 39) carry two PPFs each. The following Ladder Companies are assigned two fans each to be carried on their assigned second piece: Ladder Companies 17, 23, 33, 51, 58, 80, 87, 105, 115, 119, 124, 142, 159, 160, 172. These PPF equipped units shall be dispatched on a signal or these units can be special called as needed by an IC. 3.2 These ladder companies are designated Ventilation Support Group Companies and are responsible for deploying and operating PPFs when ordered by the IC. 4. EQUIPMENT 4.1 The Ventilation Support Group shall report to the Incident Command Post (ICP) with the following equipment: 27 inch Tempest PPF and exhaust hoses, eye and ear protection, Dave Clark headset and handie-talkies, CO monitors, elevator keys, Halligan and heavy axe (for elevator operations), door chocks, hand lights, SCBA and full PPE. 4.2 Any other equipment deemed necessary. 1 Rev. 01/23/14
2 5. RESEARCH ON STAIRWELL PRESSURIZATION 5.1 In February 2008, the FDNY conducted studies on stairwell pressurization in FPMDs. The information gained from these studies was similar to what was learned in commercial building fire tests conducted more than thirty years ago by Commissioner John T. O Hagan. Local law #5 of 1973 and NFPA 92A s pressurization components were the direct result of that research. These tests have found that pressurization creates an area of safety in the stairwells for both firefighters and civilians. The technological advancements in gasoline engine performance and fan blade design, have allowed the Fire Service to utilize this equipment in a portable application, to pressurize buildings that do not have stairwell positive pressure fixed systems installed. 5.2 The FDNY has conducted numerous live fire tests that have substantiated the concept of stairwell pressurization and this concept was further tested in the field during the Pilot Program on Stairwell Pressurization. 5.3 This bulletin is based on extensive research conducted by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) and NYU Poly Tech in coordination with the FDNY, pertaining to the use of positive pressure ventilation and the pressurization of stairwells. 6. GENERAL OPERATIONS 6.1 The unit assigned to respond with the PPFs to the incident location shall be designated the Ventilation Support Group. The officer shall be designated as the Vent Group Supervisor. The members assigned to operate the fans shall be designated Vent Group Lobby Unit and the Vent Group Fire Unit. The member assigned the roof shall be Vent Group Roof. 6.2 The IC shall designate the fire attack and evacuation stairwells based on the size-up received from the first arriving engine/truck officers. The attack stairwell designation shall be announced to all members on scene over the primary tactical handie-talkie channel. This information shall also be transmitted to the Borough Dispatcher so it can be relayed to all responding units. The attack stairwell is the first consideration for pressurization and will be pressurized upon the order of the IC. The evacuation stairwell shall be pressurized when necessary, or for sequential ventilation. The PPFs may arrive after the fire has been knocked down or extinguished. Depending on the remaining smoke and heat conditions, removing smoke and CO may become a priority. PPFs can be used to exhaust these contaminates to the exterior. 6.3 The ventilation support group supervisor shall inform the IC of the recommended placement of the PPFs. Proper placement is based on the number of PPFs and personnel available, the location of the fire floor, number of floors in the building and the stage of firefighting operations. When fans are in position, the IC shall be notified. Stairwell pressurization will not be initiated until authorized by the Incident Commander. All members shall be notified that PPF operations are commencing. Communication with all units shall be maintained during the pressurization operation. 2
3 6.4 PPFs in operation should never be left unattended; a radio-equipped member must continually monitor each operating fan. If negative results are encountered, discontinue pressurization by throttling down fans to idle, and closing the door to the stairwell that the fan is pressurizing. The IC must be notified when the fans have been deactivated and the stairwell doors are secured. Due to the noise created by the PPFs, handie-talkie headsets (Dave Clarke system) shall be utilized by members operating the fans to maintain communications. 6.5 The priority order for the use of PPFs is as follows: 1. Pressurizing the attack stairwell to support the fire attack, by controlling the smoke condition at the attack stair doorway and throughout the attack stairway. 2. Pressurizing the evacuation stairwell for smoke and CO control. 3. Ventilating the public hallways for smoke and CO control. 7. POSITIVE PRESSURE VENTILATION 7.1 Pressurization of the attack stairway is most effective if done simultaneously with the fire attack. The benefits of positive pressure ventilation are: Provide a safer environment for units operating or searching above the fire area. Increase visibility, permitting quicker searches of the attack stairway and will greatly improve all operations conducted in these stairways. Reduce the amount of time members are on-air when searching, completing standpipe operations and stretching hand line(s). Provide an uncontaminated area of refuge for members. Limit the spread of contaminates throughout the building. Increase visibility of the fire floor hallway in some conditions. 7.2 The ability of the fans to produce positive pressure relies on proper fan placement to create a seal and push air into the stairwell. Pushing fresh air into the area that needs to be pressurized or ventilated is the preferred method of positive pressure ventilation. The optimum placement of the PPF is 4 to 6 feet from the attack stairway door on the ground floor and directly facing the door to the stairwell at an angle tilt of 80 degrees. This placement in front of the doorway will create the proper seal at the stairwell inlet. The 80 degree angle tilt can be achieved by using the tilt angle index holes on the base on the fan frame. There are 5 tilt positions operated by a foot pedal. The fan shall be positioned to blow into the stairwell; it should not be placed in the stairwell. Placing the fan in the stairwell does not create any pressure in the stairwell. It may create higher CO levels and negative stack effect by pulling smoke and heat down the stairwell. 3
4 7.3 Ventilation support group supervisor shall supervise the placement of fans. The ground floor shall be the initial location for rapid deployment; however, the following variables should be considered when choosing that location: The operation of the PPFs can create considerable noise which may interfere with the Incident Command Post, if the ICP is located in the lobby. If this is the case, look for another location other than the lobby entrance to the attack stairwell. Some residential buildings may have one or more stairwells that terminate on the exterior of the building. Utilizing an exterior door provides the added benefits of reduced noise and CO levels in the building. Note: In project type multiple dwelling fires, the ICP is usually not located in the lobby. Often in project type multiple dwellings the ICP is located outside the building with a view of the fire building, and PPF noise should not hamper communications. The pressure delivered to the attack stair by the PPF will be great enough to allow for up to three stairwell doors to be open and pressurization to remain effective. However, all members should understand that keeping as many doors closed as possible is the goal. Members are permitted to move from one area to another as long as they remember to close the stairwell door behind them. When units are committed before fan activation and a line is stretched through a stairwell door, the door should be closed as much as possible to maintain positive pressure. Note: Maintaining a proper stairwell seal is the responsibility of all members on the fireground. Any ventilation or open doors will create air movement that can negatively effect operations on the fire floor, floors above and below. Doorways may be accessed; however, they must be maintained closed as much as possible. The ventilation support group supervisor shall instruct ventilation group members to survey the attack stairs below the fire floor to verify that doors in the stair enclosure are maintained closed, unless operating hoselines are stretched through the door. The ventilation support group supervisor shall request that the IC instruct the 3rd and 4th ladder companies operating above the fire floor, to verify that doors in the stair enclosure are maintained closed. Research and field experience has proved that one fan can provide the proper pressure in the stairwell up to 10 stories depending on conditions, and two fans will pressurize a 40 story building when properly positioned. If the fire floor is above the 10th floor or additional pressures are required to maintain the stairwell free of smoke, a second fan must be brought to three floors below the fire floor and set up, following the proper positioning (4 to 6 feet back, 80 degree angle). This will maintain proper pressure throughout the stairwell, up to a 40 story building. This same concept, of placing a fan on the ground floor and a second fan three floors below the fire, can also be applied to buildings greater than 40 stories. Note: In buildings over 40 stories in height, the IC should consider special calling an additional ventilation support group. The extra fans can be used to augment pressures in the stairwell. 4
5 7.4 In most situations, in order to maintain pressure in the stairwells, doors must remain closed including the bulkhead. However, if on arrival the IC gets information from the units operating that there is an extreme smoke condition in the attack or evacuation stairwell, ventilation of that stairwell may be implemented as follows: 7.5 When units are not committed on the fire floor: PPF shall begin pressurization on the ground floor (or alternate site due to fan noise) with the fire floor stairwell door closed. Vent group roof or another designated member shall open the stair bulkhead door (burp the bulkhead), until smoke clears (approx. 60 seconds), then shut the bulkhead door. During this time, the pressurization will be maintained in the stairwell with the bulkhead door open or closed. This member will need to stay in that position on the roof to coordinate stairwell ventilation. 7.6 When units are committed on the fire floor: PPF shall begin pressurization on the ground floor (or alternate site due to fan noise). The fire floor stairwell door should be closed as much as possible and still allow handline access. Vent group roof or another designated member shall open the stair bulkhead door (burp the bulkhead), until smoke clears (approx. 60 seconds) then shut the bulkhead door. During this time the pressurization will be maintained in the stairwell with the bulkhead door open or closed. This member shall remain at the roof to coordinate stairwell ventilation. Note: In either situation, the higher pressures in the stairwell created by the fans, will limit the heat and smoke on the fire floor from traveling into the stairwell. 7.7 The benefits of pressurizing and clearing contaminated stairwells of smoke and CO are: Facilitate the rapid and efficient evacuation and searches of the stairwells. Limit the contamination of other parts of the structure. Reduce the calls from panicked residents due to smoke. It provides fresh air to operating units. Note: It is recommended that a member on the fire floor remain in position at the stairwell door at all times. This member will be able to keep the stairwell door closed as possible in order to maintain pressurization, control smoke movement and convection currents. This member will also be able to direct (sounding) members back to the stairwell if needed in a heavy smoke condition. 5
6 7.8 At times, units may encounter elevated CO levels due to operating fans. The use of exhaust hoses will help to reduce CO levels in the building created by these fans. It is recommended that units use their CO meters to monitor levels at all times. If high levels of CO are encountered at any time, the IC must be notified. Members operating on the fireground shall make full use of all their PPE. 8. SEQUENTIAL VENTILATION 8.1 After fire extinguishment, the products of combustion can be ventilated vertically through the attack stair. This is accomplished by placing a fan at the base of the evacuation stairwell, and pressurizing that stairwell. This procedure will create an area of high pressure in the evacuation stairwell and utilize the area of lower pressure in the attack stairwell to facilitate smoke removal. The evacuation stairwell will be contamination free for this type of ventilation. Note: Placement of the fan for sequential ventilation shall be on the exterior of the building with exhaust hoses in place. The goal of sequential ventilation is to replace the smoke and CO in the building with fresh air. Placement of a gas powered fan inside a building during sequential ventilation would negate the benefits of the operation. 8.2 The process may be implemented as follows: Confirm that the attack stairwell is clear of members and civilians. The bulkhead (top vent) should be opened in the attack stairwell. All other doors in the attack stairwell should remain closed. The evacuation stairwell bulkhead remains closed. Opening the stairwell doors on the fire floor, both in the attack and evacuation stairwells will cross-vent the fire floor, by removing contaminated smoke from the fire building via attack stairwell. This ventilation can be carried out floor by floor if smoke or CO contamination occurs on multiple floors. Start at the lowest point of contamination and work towards the top of the building. For taller buildings additional fans may be required in the evacuation stairwell to achieve adequate pressures. Note: This sequential ventilation process can be implemented when a building has high levels of CO or other contaminates. The process will begin on the ground floor or cellar and continue on each floor until the CO is reduced to acceptable levels. PPF exhaust should be vented to the exterior if possible to reduce the introduction of CO into the building. Electric fans can also be implemented in this situation. If CO levels are in the 0 to 60 ppm range, gasoline powered PPFs will not significantly reduce those levels due to the CO emissions produced by the fans. 6
7 9. POSITIVE PRESSURE MECHANICAL VENTILATION OF LARGE STRUCTURES/AREAS 9.1 Mechanical ventilation of large structures or areas can be accomplished in a relatively short time as compared to natural ventilation. The concept of creating a higher pressure (the interior) that is inclined to move to a lower pressure (the exterior), will allow for the controlled movement of the toxic atmosphere to clear that large structure or area. 9.2 The process may be implemented as follows: When the seat of the fire is determined and the fire is controlled by a sprinkler or handline, look for an exhaust opening in that area. The higher the exhaust opening the better. Having the exhaust opening close to and as high up as possible to the seat of the fire minimizes the smoke damage to the structure. An inlet should be found opposite this exhaust opening that would allow the fans to push fresh air into the structure. The fans have to make a seal at the inlet. The fan will be set farther back then the 4 to 6 feet used when pressurizing stairwells. The angle of the fan shroud will remain at 80 degrees. A rule of thumb is that the exhaust opening should be double the size of the opening where the PPF is placed. This will allow minimal pressure to build while permitting a large movement of air. Contrary to stairwell pressurization (creating pressure), the objective of mechanical ventilation is to move as much fresh air as possible into the structure or area. The more fans the better. One 27 gasoline powered fan moves approximately five times more air (24,000 CFM) than our 16 electric box fan (3,400 CFM). Using roll-down doors can allow two fans to be placed side by side (parallel) blowing into a structure. A seal is created by adjusting the height of the roll-down door and the set back of the fans. Even if the inlet is remote from the area that we are trying to ventilate; once the fans begin to operate, the entire interior air volume will increase and begin to move to a lower pressure that will be outside of the structure. The wind must always be a consideration, even in this operation. If the wind is striking the face of the building that we are using as an exhaust outlet, then the efficiency of the fans will be greatly diminished. In that instance, a size up may identify other exhaust or inlet points to be used that will allow the wind to benefit the operation. Every structure will be different. The officer in charge of the ventilation will have to use experience and knowledge to overcome some of the complexities encountered. 9.3 Advantages of positive pressure mechanical ventilation are: Rapid PPF deployment results in members not having to enter and operate inside a contaminated area. Fans blowing fresh exterior air into the structure have shown to be 75% more efficient then negative pressure ventilation, which uses fans to pull smoke and contaminants from within a structure to the outside air. Exterior air tends to be cooler and of lower pressure than interior air which may improve interior conditions and reduce overhaul time. 7
8 9.4 Some examples where positive pressure mechanical ventilation would be beneficial include: Subways Sub-cellars Theaters and auditoriums Schools Hospitals Note: In all instances, the goal is to provide a higher air pressure on one side of the area to be ventilated using a PPF, and a lower air pressure exhaust ventilation point on the opposite side. If possible, using an electric box fan placed (carried by all ladder companies) inside the building/area at the exhaust point blowing outward will increase the efficiency of the positive pressure ventilation. 10. NEGATIVE PRESSURIZATION 10.1 Negative pressurization is the process of creating a lower pressure within the structure utilizing the ladder company s electric box fan. The fan shall be operated in the exhaust mode to remove the contaminated air from the involved structure. A fresh air inlet shall be established opposite the operating fan, thereby allowing clean exterior air to enter the structure and replace the contaminated air. This operation can prove beneficial in below grade areas with limited stairwell and fresh air access To maximize the efficiency of this operation, the box fan should be hung in a window or doorway as high as possible. Salvage tarps should be used to create a seal around the operating fan, allowing the exhaust fan to create an area of negative pressure. When tarps are not used, churning of the interior air occurs limiting our ability to ventilate the area. Note: An alternate method, when tarps are not available or the box fan can not be hung, is to position the fan inside the contaminated area facing the exhaust opening 6 to 8 feet back and tilted up at an angle of approximately 30 degrees. This positioning will form a seal of air around the exhaust opening preventing churning of the air and increasing efficiency. 11. SAFETY 11.1 The fan is a highly mobile unit. There are two wheels mounted to the front of the fan shroud and a collapsible handrail for transport with a minimal profile The PPF shall never be transported while in operation. If the need arises to move the fan, it shall be shut down before transportation Due to the high operating RPMs and thrust created, severe injury to the operator and damage to the fan could result if the blades contact the fan shroud or if the fan were to topple over. 8
9 11.4 Limit the time that members are directly in front of an operating fan. Debris shall be cleared from the vicinity of the fan prior to fan activation. Debris not cleared from the area of an operating fan can be picked up and discharged at a high rate of speed from the front of the fan. Eye and ear protection shall be worn whenever the fan is operating PPFs should be lifted by two members whenever the fans need to come off the ground, e.g., on and off apparatus, up stairs. PPFs are heavy pieces of equipment. Damage to the fan and injury to the member could result Fans shall never be refueled inside a structure. The possibility of the gasoline coming in contact with a hot exhaust manifold could result in a fire. If the fan needs to be refueled at an extended operation, it shall be shut down and moved to an outside area remote from any foot traffic. This remote area is necessary to assure safety as well as to not contaminate the fire area with what could be detected as an accelerant Fans should be inspected and started daily at the beginning of the 9x6 tour. Weekly at MUD, fans shall be started and allowed to run at full RPM for 5 minutes. A visual inspection of the fan belt and tightness check should be conducted at this time. If the fans need to be serviced or repaired contact Technical Services When running fans at an incident, exhaust hoses must always be attached to the operating fan in order to limit and control the introduction of CO inside the structure. 9
Township of Cumru Fire Department 03/12/2008 Standard Operating Guidelines Page: 1 of 8 Section 15.05
Standard Operating Guidelines Page: 1 of 8 15.05 Scope: This procedure will provide an organized method in which to carry out the fire ground functions in a timely and safe manner. Discussed will be the
More informationWilson County Emergency Management Agency 110 Oak Street Lebanon, Tennessee 37087
SOG Name: One and Two Family Dwellings SOG Number: 403.18 Effective Date: February 2, 2015 Approved: Joey Cooper, Director Reviewed: Scope This procedure will provide an organized method in which to carry
More informationSUBJECT: RAPID INTERVENTION CREW (RIC) SOG DATE ADOPTED: OCTOBER 18, 2012 REVISED: PAGES: 7
JOINT RESPONSE AGREEMENT MODEL STANDARD OPERATING GUIDELINE SUBJECT: RAPID INTERVENTION CREW (RIC) SOG DATE ADOPTED: OCTOBER 18, 2012 REVISED: PAGES: 7 SCOPE and PURPOSE Butler County firefighters often
More informationENGINE COMPANY OPERATIONS CHAPTER 12 February 15, 2006 WATER LOSS PROCEDURES
CHAPTER 12 February 15, 2006 WATER LOSS PROCEDURES 1. WATER LOSS PROCEDURES 1.1 The loss of water on the fire ground is a very serious situation, and something all members should strive to prevent. The
More informationTEMPLETON FIRE DEPARTMENT
SUBJECT: Rapid Intervention Crew (RIC) Page 1 of 12 PURPOSE: To assure that the appropriate level of Rapid Intervention Crew (RIC) shall be implemented at structure fires and other applicable incidents;
More informationESCONDIDO FIRE DEPT TRAINING MANUAL Section Truck Module Page 1 of 8 Search and Rescue Basics Revised
Truck Module Page 1 of 8 SEARCH AND RESCUE BASICS When to call Mayday Any working fire at an incident drives a dedicated RIC or IRIC barring any imminent rescue needs. Also, a firefighter in need of assistance,
More informationTownship Of Jackson, Fire District 3, Station 55 Standard Operating Guidelines TWO IN TWO OUT
Guideline # 310.06 Township Of Jackson, Fire District 3, Station 55 Standard Operating Guidelines TWO IN TWO OUT Date: 3/07 R PURPOSE To establish standard guidelines and procedures that will serve to
More informationCLEARWATER FIRE AND RESCUE DEPARTMENT STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE APPROVED BY: EFFECTIVE DATE: 10/12/07 REVISION DATE:
CLEARWATER FIRE AND RESCUE DEPARTMENT STANDARD OPERATING PROCEDURE SUBJECT: Truck Company SUB PAGE 1 OF 6 APPROVED BY: JAMIE D. GEER, FIRE CHIEF, FIRE AND RESCUE DEPARTMENT FORMS REQUIRED: NOTE: Current
More informationHigh-Rise Fireground Field Experiments Results
High-Rise Fireground Field Experiments Results These graphs show average times for each critical task by crew size. Percentage calculations for all the charts were based on the overall time from detection
More informationManitowoc County MABAS Division 128 Rapid Intervention Policy
Manitowoc County MABAS Division 128 Rapid Intervention Policy Section 1: Scope While operating at emergency incident scenes, firefighters experience one of the highest occupational injury risks. To minimize
More informationTACTICAL VENTILATION Graeme Bowser, Tyne & Wear Fire Brigade, U.K.
TACTICAL VENTILATION Graeme Bowser, Tyne & Wear Fire Brigade, U.K. Graeme@UKfirefighter.org.uk Ventilation when performed correctly saves lives, eases firefighting conditions and reduces damage. 1. Introduction
More informationGeorgetown Fire Department Standard Operating Guidelines
Purpose The purpose of this guideline is to identify a course of action that will provide a systematic search and rescue process for a lost or trapped firefighter. I. Introduction A. Rescue of lost or
More informationPHILADELPHIA FIRE DEPARTMENT OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE # 38 DECEMBER, 2001
PHILADELPHIA FIRE DEPARTMENT OPERATIONAL PROCEDURE # 38 SUBJECT: RAPID INTERVENTION TEAM (RIT) 1. PURPOSE The purpose of this Operational Procedure is to define the responsibilities of a Rapid Intervention
More informationThe term MAYDAY typically will be used in the following situations:
Page: 1 of 6 This procedure identifies individual, company, and command level activities for the search and rescue of a lost or trapped firefighter(s). LOST OR TRAPPED FIREFIGHTER The rescue of trapped
More informationSkill Sheet 17-I-2. Attack a structure fire above, below, and at ground level Interior attack. (NFPA 1001, , )
Skill Sheet 17-I-2 Objective 22: Attack a structure fire above, below, and at ground level Interior attack. (NFPA 1001, 5.3.10, 5.3.13) Student Name: Date: Directions For this skills evaluation checklist,
More informationBASIC FIRE SCHOOL VENTILATION, SALVAGE & OVERHAUL
VENTILATION, SALVAGE & OVERHAUL VENTILATION The process of removing smoke, heat, and toxic gases from a burning building and replacing them with cooler, cleaner, more oxygen-rich air VENTILATION BENEFITS
More informationINCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND TACTICAL OPERATIONS MANUAL
Series 354 Rapid Intervention Team(RIT) Page 1 of 6 INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND TACTICAL OPERATIONS MANUAL OPERATIONAL GUIDELINE RAPID INTERVENTION TEAM (RIT) SERIES 354 PURPOSE Fire departments are
More informationPOINT PLEASANT BEACH FIRE DEPARTMENT. Firefighter Assistance Search Team (F.A.S.T.) Standard Operating Guideline
POINT PLEASANT BEACH FIRE DEPARTMENT Firefighter Assistance Search Team (F.A.S.T.) Standard Operating Guideline Purpose: The purpose of the F.A.S.T. is to provide a back up team of trained firefighters
More informationFIRE CHIEF S ASSOCIATION OF BROWARD COUNTY
FIRE CHIEF S ASSOCIATION OF BROWARD COUNTY Uniform Rapid Intervention Crew and Mayday Operations I. Purpose Adopted September 6th, 2012 A. To provide operational procedures for Rapid Intervention Crew
More informationTo establish a guideline for the safe and effective deployment of apparatus, personnel, and resources at the scene of structural fires.
Buxton Fire-Rescue Standard Operating Guideline Subject: Structural Fire (3) Section: Operations at Structure Fires (2) Page 1 of 7 Purpose: To establish a guideline for the safe and effective deployment
More informationEnabling Objectives (EO): EO Identify certain practices that could be considered unsafe and result in injury or death.
Instructor Guide Topic: Personal Safety Awareness (Revised 6/2010) Teaching and Learning Domain: Cognitive Time Required: 2 hours Materials: Appropriate visuals and chalkboard or easel pad References:
More informationRapid Intervention Teams
Rapid Intervention Teams High Country Training Center Training On Demand Captain T. Houston, LDFR Objectives Review air management principles Identify the components of a Mayday call Describe the steps
More informationWest Metro Fire Protection District
West Metro Fire Protection District Tower Task Book Developing Firefighter Instructions This is the Tower Task Book you will be required to complete during your one month rotation on a Tower. While it
More informationThe purpose of this policy is to provide operational guidelines for San Diego County Fire Departments (FD) responses to natural gas incidents.
Purpose: The purpose of this policy is to provide operational guidelines for San Diego County Fire Departments (FD) responses to natural gas incidents. Policy: This policy shall apply to all FD personnel
More informationTESTING SKILLS SAFETY
SAFETY #1 Techniques for Actions When Trapped or Disoriented Subject: Fireground Operations Section 101 NFPA 1001 5.3.5 Firefighter I OBJECTIVE Exit a hazardous area as a team, given vision obscured conditions,
More informationTESTING SKILLS PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS
PORTABLE FIRE EXTINGUISHERS #1 Selecting the Appropriate Fire Extinguisher Subject: Fireground Operations Section 101 NFPA 1001 5.3.16 Firefighter I OBJECTIVE Extinguish incipient Class A, Class B, and
More informationAutumn 2018 Firefighter 1
Autumn 2018 Firefighter 1 August 22, 2018 December 12, 2018 State of Ohio FF 1 course Mondays & Wednesdays 1800 2200 or as scheduled Saturdays as scheduled DATE TOPIC HOURS INSTRUCTOR Orientation 08/22/18
More informationrd Quarter Continuing Education Hazardous Materials Defensive Actions/ Emergency Decon
2007 3 rd Quarter Continuing Education Hazardous Materials Defensive Actions/ Emergency Decon This Continuing Education exercise is designed to cover the general responsibilities of a response to a possible
More informationIdaho Fire Service Technology Fire Fighter II
ICS Skill Requirements Skill Sheet: 1 STANDARD: 6.1.2 TASK: Organize, coordinate, and function within an incident management system. PERFORMANCE OUTCOME: The candidate shall be able to determine the need
More informationALAMEDA COUNTY FIRE CHIEFS ASSOCIATION
ALAMEDA COUNTY FIRE CHIEFS ASSOCIATION RAPID INTERVENTION CREWS APPENDIX T Alameda County - Alameda - Albany - Berkeley - CalFire - East Bay Regional Parks - Emeryville - Fremont Hayward - Livermore-Pleasanton
More informationTitle- FIREFIGHTER ASSIST AND SEARCH TEAM POLICY
Department of Emergency Response And Communications Cortland County 911 Public Safety Building; Suite 201 54 Greenbush Street Cortland, New York 13045 300-004 Title- FIREFIGHTER ASSIST AND SEARCH TEAM
More informationAPPLCATIONS OF POSITIVE PRESSURE VENTILATION DURING AIRPORT AND ARFF INCIDENTS. Leroy B. Coffman III, Tempest Technology Corporation, USA
APPLCATIONS OF POSITIVE PRESSURE VENTILATION DURING AIRPORT AND ARFF INCIDENTS Leroy B. Coffman III, Tempest Technology Corporation, USA ABSTRACT Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) is the use of high-powered
More informationApparatus Operator Refresher Training Program
Division of Training In-Service Training Program Apparatus Operator Refresher Training Program 1 Single Engine / Single Line Operation Refresher Evolution #1 Objective: Charging single handlines at correct
More informationSKILL VERIFICATION BOOK FIREFIGHTER I MODULE I FIRE PROTECTION BUREAU. Assigned to: Name:
Assigned to: Name: Skill Book Initiated: Department/District: Identification Number: SKILL VERIFICATION BOOK FIREFIGHTER I MODULE I Third Edition September 2004 Meeting the requirements of NFPA 1001, 2002
More informationUNIT OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this unit of study, the student should be able to:
BASIC FIRE FIGHTER ORIENTATION AND COMMUNICATIONS Orientation and Communications 1 UNIT OBJECTIVES Upon completion of this unit of study, the student should be able to: 1. Identify the organization of
More informationNorth Carolina Fire and Rescue Commission Live Fire Audit Form
Live Fire Audit Form Date of Burn: Address: Delivery Agency AHJ: Instructor in Charge: Written documentation received from owner: Evidence of clear title. Written permission secured from owner to burn
More informationNATURAL GAS RESPONSE SOG
SCOPE NATURAL GAS RESPONSE SOG This guideline shall apply to all members of the Stoney Point Fire Department and shall be adhered to by all members. PURPOSE The purpose of this guideline is to explain
More informationChapter 1 FF I Orientation and Fire Service History
Chapter 1 FF I Orientation and Fire Service History After completing this lesson, the student shall be able to describe how the history and culture of the fire service influence its basic mission, the
More informationYakima County Fire District 12 Standard Operating Guidlines SOG 2-11 Interior Structure Firefighting
Yakima County Fire District 12 Standard Operating Guidlines SOG 2-11 Interior Structure Firefighting REFERENCES: WAC 296-305-05001 (8) WAC 296-305-05001 (10) WAC 296-305-05001 (11) Policy 1201, 2103, 2123,
More informationFire and Rescue Operations Chapter 03 2 In, 2 Out and Rapid Intervention March 2009
Division 06 Fire and Rescue Operations Chapter 03 2 In, 2 Out and Rapid Intervention March 2009 POLICY A procedure for the deployment and operations of personnel when functioning as a member of the Rapid
More informationDISCLAIMER TSS is simply providing current information so you can make sound tactical decisions.
Objectives Identify and secure an adequate water supply. Perform a 360 degree Size Up. Develop an appropriate IAP. Make the appropriate hose line selection, hose stretch and water application based on
More informationTABLE OF CONTENTS PART 11 - FIREFIGHTING
TABLE OF CONTENTS PART 11 - FIREFIGHTING Page DEFINITIONS...11-1 APPLICATION...11-1 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS...11-2 PERSONAL PROTECTIVE CLOTHING AND EQUIPMENT FOR FIREFIGHTERS...11-2 SELF-CONTAINED BREATHING
More informationFIRE AND RESCUE DEPARTMENTS OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA FIREFIGHTING AND EMERGENCY OPERATIONS MANUAL. Truck Company Book 4 Search and Rescue.
FIRE AND RESCUE DEPARTMENTS OF NORTHERN VIRGINIA FIREFIGHTING AND EMERGENCY OPERATIONS MANUAL Truck Company Book 4 Search and Rescue First Edition Issued: XXX 2018 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The Truck Company Book
More information**ALL SHADED SKILLS MUST BE SIGNED OFF BEFORE LIVE FIRE TESTING MAY OCCUR**
UTAH FIRE SERVICE CERTIFICATION SYSTEM FIREFIGHTER I NFPA 1001, 2013 Edition FIREFIGHTER I TRAINING RECORD / IN-HOUSE COMPREHENSIVE EXAM NAME: DEPARTMENT: **ALL SHADED SKILLS MUST BE SIGNED OFF BEFORE
More informationFIRE FIGHTER II JPR: FFII-1A
JPR: FFII-1A STANDARD: 6.1.2 Task: Implement Incident Management System. General Requirements The candidate shall demonstrate the ability to determine need for command, organize and coordinate an incident
More informationSPECIAL OPERATIONS COMMAND (SOC) SUPPORT LADDER COMPANIES
FIRE TACTICS AND PROCEDURES November 3, 2003 SPECIAL OPERATIONS COMMAND (SOC) SUPPORT LADDER COMPANIES 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Special Operations Command (SOC) Support Ladder Companies have been formed to
More informationINSTRUCTOR GUIDE TOPIC: STOPPING UNSAFE PRACTICES LEVEL OF INSTRUCTION: TIME REQUIRED: THREE HOURS MATERIALS: APPROPRIATE AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIALS
TOPIC: STOPPING UNSAFE PRACTICES LEVEL OF INSTRUCTION: TIME REQUIRED: THREE HOURS INSTRUCTOR GUIDE MATERIALS: APPROPRIATE AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIALS REFERENCES: ESSENTIALS OF FIRE FIGHTING, FIFTH EDITION,
More informationCOALITION FOR SAFE SCHOOLS AND COMMUNITIES SAN MATEO COUNTY THE BIG FIVE SCHOOL EMERGENCY GUIDELINES IMMEDIATE ACTION RESPONSE
COALITION FOR SAFE SCHOOLS AND COMMUNITIES SAN MATEO COUNTY THE BIG FIVE SCHOOL EMERGENCY GUIDELINES IMMEDIATE ACTION RESPONSE RESPONSE Response is the process of implementing appropriate actions while
More informationSpecial Edition. Back To Basics. Search Operations. A Review of the Basics of Fireground Search
Special Edition Back To Basics Search Operations A Review of the Basics of Fireground Search This special edition is devoted to specific skills and duties relating to fireground search.. Members should
More informationMASON COUNTY FIRE DISTRICT #4
TITLE: ROPE RESCUE CHAPTER: 4000 NUMBER: 4096 DATE: 10-07-08 APPROVED: Signature on file Bob Burbridge, Chief I. INTRODUCTION: This procedure establishes guidelines for performing rope rescues under fire
More informationESCONDIDO FIRE DEPARTMENT TRAINING MANUAL ENGINE MODULE HOSE PAGE 1 OF 24 Attack Hose Lays Revised
HOSE 12-01-16 PAGE 1 OF 24 To effectively attack and extinguish a fire, hose lines must be removed from the apparatus and advanced to the location of the fire. The techniques used to advance hose lines
More informationGalva Fire Department SOP
Galva Fire Department SOP GENERAL REGULATIONS All firefighters must know and understand the SOG s set forth by the GFD. GFD personnel will be alerted of a call by pager, fire phone or by the fire siren
More information===============================================================
TOPIC: TRAINING TECHNIQUES LEVEL OF INSTRUCTION: TIME REQUIRED: TWO HOURS INSTRUCTOR GUIDE MATERIALS: APPROPRIATE AUDIO-VISUAL MATERIALS REFERENCES: Fire and Emergency Services Instructor, 6 th ed., International
More informationGuidelines for Rapid Extraction in a Hazardous Materials Environment
Guidelines for Rapid Extraction in a Hazardous Materials Environment A hazardous materials incident with victims who have been exposed to a contaminant and are unable to remove themselves from the affected
More informationRapid Intervention Crew (RIC) Operations
Rapid Intervention Crew (RIC) Operations SAN FRANCISCO FIRE DEPARTMENT blank page Rapid Intervention Crew (RIC) Operations May 2012 San Francisco Fire Department 698 2 nd Street San Francisco, CA 94107
More informationSITUATIONAL AWARENESS, DISORIENTATION and IMPROVING FIREFIGHTER SURVIVAL AT STRUCTURAL FIRES
SITUATIONAL AWARENESS, DISORIENTATION and IMPROVING FIREFIGHTER SURVIVAL AT STRUCTURAL FIRES LT. MIKE MASON Within the modern day fire service at structural fires firefighters are faced with an ever changing
More informationCedarville Township Volunteer Fire Department Fire Department Standard Operating Guidelines 2008
Cedarville Township Volunteer Fire Department Fire Department Standard Operating Guidelines 2008 1. Your personal safety is your first priority 2. Always operate equipment safely and under control. A vehicle
More informationLaboratory Ventilation. Environmental, Health, and Safety
No.: BCF020.054 Page: 1 of 7 RECORD OF REVISIONS Date Rev # Details of Change 09/13 1 Updated job titles to reflect ICON job descriptions. Added a definition for Approved Ventilation Contractor and included
More informationWestbury Fire Department
Westbury Fire Department Refresher Course II Truck Company Operations @ Station 2 Training Center Module 1 Laddering ( Hands On ) Version 4/11 I. Portable Ladders Review Ladder Type/Names Extension - Straight
More informationDirect attack. 1 Introduction
Direct attack 1 Introduction In several previous articles we discussed the direct attack. Simply put, this comes down to the following: direct attack is putting water onto the fuel. The goal is to lower
More informationNumber of Pages: 13 SOG Number: 1-13
Purpose: The purpose of this SOG is to establish command procedures, identify optional levels of rapid intervention capability, minimum training and equipment requirements for functioning RIT teams and
More informationFire Apparatus Operator (FAO)
Fire Apparatus Operator (FAO) 1106 NATURE OF WORK This is skilled fire fighting work in combating, extinguishing, and preventing fires, in responding to render emergency medical services, in responding
More informationPERFORMANCE CRITERIA AND INSTRUCTIONS
JPR Task(s): Roll Fire Hose OMMISSION ON FIRE PROTETION PERSONNEL STANDARDS AND EDUATION OMMONWEALTH OF KENTUKY FIREFIGHTER 1 OMPETENY EVALUATION andidate #: Skill No. 1-31 PERFORMANE RITERIA AND INSTRUTIONS
More informationHAZ MAT RESPONSE SOG
SCOPE HAZ MAT RESPONSE SOG This guideline shall apply to all members of the Stoney Point Fire Department and shall be adhered to by all members. PURPOSE This guideline is specifically applicable to known
More informationSeries Confined Space Rescue - Draft Page 1 of 6 Adopted: Revised: INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND TACTICAL OPERATIONS MANUAL
Series 387 - Confined Space Rescue - Draft Page 1 of 6 INCIDENT MANAGEMENT SYSTEM AND TACTICAL OPERATIONS MANUAL SERIES 387 PURPOSE OPERATIONAL GUIDELINE CONFINED SPACE RESCUE To establish guidelines relative
More information13 Search and Rescue
Search and Rescue Objectives (1 of 2) Define search and rescue. Describe the importance of scene size-up in search and rescue. Describe risk-benefit analysis. Describe search techniques. Describe the primary
More informationKansas State University Fume Hood Operation
FUME HOODS 2009, PAGE 1 FUME HOODS Kansas State University Fume Hood Operation One of the primary safety devices in a laboratory is a chemical fume hood. A well-designed hood, when properly installed and
More informationSTANDARD OPERATING GUIDELINE
DATE ISSUED: Purpose The purpose of this guideline is to establish procedures for when it becomes necessary to provide emergency assistance to a firefighter(s) that is/are lost, incapacitated or unable
More information17 15 NOVA SCOTIA FIRE SERVICE TRAINING EXTERIOR LEVEL (PHASE 2)
1. NOVA SCOTIA FIRE SERVICE EXTERIOR FIREFIGHTER PREAMBLE Exterior Level fire service firefighters shall not enter any building, vehicle, dumpster or other object if an IDLH atmosphere is present. If an
More informationNorth Zone Training Manual Search and Rescue
November 2006 Page 1 of 19 North Zone Training Manual Search and Rescue FIREGROUND SEARCH AND RESCUE Table of Contents Department Information Page Table of Contents Pg.1 Terminology Pg. 2 Introduction
More informationESCONDIDO FIRE DEPT TRAINING MANUAL Section ENGINE MODULE Page 1 of 14 IRIC/RIC Downed Firefighter Removal Revised
ENGINE MODULE Page 1 of 14 DOWNED FIREFIGHTER REMOVAL Moving the Downed Firefighter: Carries and Drags The process of rescuing a downed firefighter can become extensive and may involve multiple decisions
More informationModel SOP Standard Operating Procedure
Model SOP Standard Operating Procedure Firetactics.com SOP 3/Version 1/2008 3. ENTRY PROCEDURES INTO FIRE-INVOLVED COMPARTMENTS Sections 1. Purpose 2. Objectives of compartment entry 3. Residential compartments
More informationCHESTERFIELD COUNTY FIRE AND EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES PROCEDURES
CHESTERFIELD COUNTY FIRE AND EMERGENCY MEDICAL SERVICES PROCEDURES Division: Emergency Operations Procedure: Emergency Operations #24 Subject: Toxic Exposure Reduction Supersedes: Authorized by: Deputy
More informationThis program shall contain, as a minimum, the following components:
Section 1: Introduction 1.1 Policy It is the policy of the Pemberton Township Fire Department to maintain comprehensive safety and occupational health programs predicted upon sound engineering, education,
More informationPBCFR Reserve Battalion Combat Skills Check Off
PBCFR Reserve Battalion Combat s Check Off Member s Name: Approved for Combat: Introduction All Palm Beach County Reserve Battalion members who are certified by the State of Florida with a minimum of FF
More informationA PARTIAL GUIDE TO MCFRS SAFE STRUCTURAL FIREFIGHTING POLICY. Section II Rapid Intervention
A PARTIAL GUIDE TO MCFRS SAFE STRUCTURAL FIREFIGHTING POLICY Section II Rapid Intervention PURPOSE The purpose of this presentation is to provide clarification for when necessary and expand on the new
More informationOrchard Farm Fire Protection District Standard Operating Procedure
Orchard Farm Fire Protection District Standard Operating Procedure Division: 200 Emergency Operations Section: 202 Fire & Rescue Subject: Supersedes: N/A Approved By: Page: 1 of 6 Date Last Reviewed: N/A
More informationLand Based Marine Fire Fighter Task Book
Land Based Marine Fire Fighter Task Book Task Book Assigned To: Student Name Department Name - Date Initiated Signature of Supervising Officer - Date Completed Table of Contents Table of Contents How to
More informationFundamentals of Fire Fighter Skills Correlation Chart
Fundamentals of Fire Fighter Skills Correlation Chart Donning Personal Protective Clothing 2-1 39 Doffing Personal Protective Clothing 2-2 41 Donning SCBA from a Seat-Mounted Bracket 2-3 52-53 Donning
More informationColorado Division of Fire Prevention and Control Firefighter I JPR's (NFPA 1001, 2013 Edition)
Colorado Division of Fire Prevention and Control Firefighter I JPR's () Initial Certification JPR Requirement: 10 Required, 4 Random 5.1 General Requirements Task Renewal JPR Requirement: 100% of All JPRs
More informationFIRE FIGHTER II - SKILLS PERFORMANCE SHEET
Fire Fighter II Skill Stations: NFPA 1001 2013 Edition Station A Fire Ground Communications & Operations / Interior Attack Coordination MANDATORY STATION Station B Sprinkler Drain/Pressures RANDOM STATION
More informationIowa s s Minimum Training Standard. How to Be Prepared?
Iowa s s Minimum Training Standard How to Be Prepared? Volunteer Firefighters Volunteer Fact Sheet Volunteers comprise 73% of firefighters in the Unites States. Communities served by Volunteer Firefighters
More informationLABORATORY FUME HOOD SPECIFICATION AND MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
LABORATORY FUME HOOD SPECIFICATION AND MAINTENANCE PROGRAM Last Updated: Tuesday, January 31, 2006 1. INTRODUCTION AND SCOPE 2. RESPONSIBILITIES 3. USER GUIDELINES 4. SYSTEM DESIGN SPECIFICATIONS o The
More informationCommittee Input No. 35-NFPA [ Chapter 1 ] Submitter Information Verification. Committee Statement
Committee Input No. 35-NFPA 1670-2015 [ Chapter 1 ] Chapter 1 Administration 1.1 Scope. 1.1.1* This standard shall identify and establish levels of functional capability for conducting operations at technical
More informationExaminer s Report March 2013
Examiner s Report March 2013 Level 3 Diploma Paper 5: Fire Service Operations UK Specific. Introduction Candidates were required to answer six questions from a choice of ten questions. The most popular
More informationESCONDIDO FIRE DEPT TRAINING MANUAL Section Truck Module Page 1 of 5 Utilities Gas Emergencies Revised
Truck Module Page 1 of 5 GAS EMERGENCIES Introduction Natural gas and Liquid Propane Gas (LPG) are flammable gases. Many households and commercial buildings utilize these gases for everything from heating
More informationAPPROVED BY: On Original EFFECTIVE DATE: September 14 th 2009
CULPEPER COUNTY VOLUNTEER FIRE AND RESCUE ASSOCIATION, INC. Standard Operating Guidelines CHAPTER: Operations SUBJECT: Rapid Intervention Team (RIT) WRITTEN BY: Fire Committee SUPERSEDES: NUMBER O-09-03
More informationCLEARWATER FIRE ACADEMY
CLEARWATER FIRE ACADEMY March 20-21-22 Orofino High School Orofino, Idaho Sponsored by: Clearwater Fire Chiefs Association Eastern Idaho Technical College Clearwater Fire Academy Email: academy@orofinofire.com
More informationFirefighter. Monroe Fire Department STANDARD OPERATING GUIDELINE GENERAL PURPOSE
Monroe Fire Department STANDARD OPERATING GUIDELINE Subject: Firefighter Number: 1004.1 Published: September 1, 2006 Distribution: All personnel Review/Amended: Issued by: Chief Robert Wight Firefighter
More informationCertification Guide Fire Fighter I
International Fire Service Certification Program September 2014 Edition; Revised April 2017 FIRE PROTECTION TECHNOLOGY Certification Guide Fire Fighter I NFPA 1001 Standard for Fire Fighter Professional
More informationArticle 203 Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
1 of 5 Article 203 Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) Section 203.1: Purpose The purpose is to establish guidelines to indicate the proper operation, use, training, and maintenance of self-contained
More informationEngine Module Section IRIC AND RIC OPERATIONS Table of Contents
Engine Module Section 900.00 August 13, 2008 IRIC AND RIC OPERATIONS Table of Contents Department Information Section Table of Contents 900.00 Terminology 901.00 Introduction 902.00 IRIC Two in Two out
More informationVOLUSIA COUNTY FIRE CHIEFS ASSOCIATION MODEL OPERATING PROCEDURE
VOLUSIA COUNTY FIRE CHIEFS ASSOCIATION MODEL OPERATING PROCEDURE GUIDE # SUBJECT: HAZARDOUS MATERIALS INITIAL RESPONSE DATE ISSUED: 03/16/06 REVIEW DATE: PURPOSE: The purpose of this document is to outline
More informationOcean County Fire Academy. Fall 2018 Course Listings
Ocean County Fire Academy Fall 2018 Course Listings Fall 2018 Class Schedule September Stand Pipe Operations September 19 Stand pipes are being found more often in many types of buildings and special locations.
More informationKey Technology, Inc. Confined Space Entry Program. July, 2017
Key Technology, Inc. Confined Space Entry Program July, 2017 Page 1 of 11 Key Technology, Inc. CONFINED SPACE ENTRY PROGRAM OVERVIEW Purpose: The purpose of this program is to ensure the protection of
More informationFIRE FIGHTER II SKILL PERFORMANCE CHECK SHEETS NFPA FIRE FIGHTER II SKILL STATION MENU
FIRE FIGHTER II SKILL STATION MENU STATION TASK(S) A FIREGROUND OPERATIONS/FIRE COMMUNICATIONS MANDATORY B SPRINKLER DRAIN/PRESSURES RANDOM C PITOT GAUGE USE RANDOM D INSPECTION/MAINTENANCE: GENERATOR,
More informationSan Ramon Valley Fire Protection District
San Ramon Valley Fire Protection District March, 2009 Company Performance Standards i Introduction This manual establishes a series of standard incident-based company evolutions for District use. Collectively,
More informationWayne County Community College District
FPT 110 Fire Fighter I Lecture CREDIT HOURS: 8.00 CONTACT HOURS: 120.00 COURSE DESCRIPTION: This course is designed to provide a student with the knowledge necessary for entry level positions on fire departments.
More informationStandard Operating Procedures S.O.P. Sample Template Drafted by: Oklahoma State Firefighters Association Educational Advisory Committee
Standard Operating Procedures S.O.P. Sample Template Drafted by: Oklahoma State Firefighters Association Educational Advisory Committee ** Remember Safety First ** INTRODUCTION Remember, the following
More informationTEMPLE UNIVERSITY ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH AND RADIATION SAFETY
Page 1 of 9 ISSUED: 5/00 REVISED: 08/06 Introduction Purpose: In accordance with applicable regulations and Temple University, this policy was developed to minimize exposure to Ethylene Oxide. Applicability
More information