Transcription

1 Page 1 of 144 First Revision No. 73-NFPA [ Global Input ] Change title to: "Standard on Vapor-Protective Ensembles for Hazardous Materials Emergencies and CBRN Terrorism Incidents" Also, make change wherever the title appears in the standard. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 10:47:48 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The title of this standard should be changed based on the transfer of Class 1 requirements from NFPA and the reorganization of NFPA Response Message: Public Input No. 106-NFPA [Global Input]

2 Page 2 of 144 First Revision No. 74-NFPA [ Global Input ] Replace TPP with HTP. Replace 'thermal protective performance' with 'heat transfer performance'. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 11:57:28 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is making this change to reflect the new acronym and test name.

3 Page 3 of 144 First Revision No. 90-NFPA [ Global Input ] Please delete all section/chapter titles (and surrounding commas) following all cross refs. throughout the document. Submitter Full Name: Michael Beady Submittal Date: Mon Mar 17 16:25:12 EDT 2014 : Update per style Response Message:

4 Page 4 of 144 First Revision No. 1-NFPA [ Section No ] 1.1.1* This standard shall specify minimum requirements for the design, performance, testing, documentation, and certification of vapor-protective ensembles and ensemble elements used by emergency response personnel during hazardous materials incidents and chemical for protection from chemicals, biological agents, or radiological terrorism incidents. and radiological particulates (CBRN) encountered as terrorism agents. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 09:50:44 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The chemical/biological/radiological protection terminology should be harmonized with the work in NFPA 1994 to establish CBRN protection. CBRN is a term that is used throughout the project on Fire and Emergency Services Protective Clothing and Equipment. Specific parts of the term CBRN are also further defined in the definitions section and have related Annex items that provide clarification of the limitations of the intended protection. Response Message: Public Input No. 109-NFPA [Section No ]

5 Page 5 of 144 First Revision No. 2-NFPA [ Section No ] This standard shall also specify criteria for chemical agents, biological agents, and radioactive particulates encountered during terrorism incidents. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 10:19:45 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The paragraph is redundant with the proposed modification of Paragraph Response Message: Public Input No. 155-NFPA [Section No ]

6 Page 6 of 144 First Revision No. 3-NFPA [ Section No ] This standard shall not specify requirements for the respiratory protection that is necessary for proper protection with the protective ensemble. Respiratory protection for hazardous materials emergencies and CBRN terrorism incidents is a critical part of the overall protection and shall be specified and provided by the authority having jurisdiction. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_3_Text.docx Description shows correct legislative tracking Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 10:33:16 EST 2014 : The technical committee is clarifying the intent of the requirement. Also delete annex A text for A Response Message: Public Input No. 108-NFPA [Section No ]

7 Page 7 of 144 First Revision No. 4-NFPA [ Section No [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ] The purpose of this standard shall be to establish a minimum level of protection for emergency response personnel against adverse vapor, liquid-splash, and particulate environments during hazardous materials incidents, and from specified chemical and biological terrorism agents in vapor, liquid splash, and particulate environments during chemical and biological CBRN terrorism incidents. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 10:58:11 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The chemical/biological/radiological protection terminology should be harmonized with the work in NFPA 1994 to establish CBRN protection. Public Input No. 157-NFPA [Section No [Excluding any Sub-Sections]]

8 Page 8 of 144 First Revision No. 5-NFPA [ New Section after ] 1.3.6* Requirements of this standard shall not apply to the use of closed-circuit SCBA. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_5_Annex_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 11:05:40 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The standard does not currently evaluate the ensemble with a closed circuit SCBA. Public Input No. 158-NFPA [New Section after 1.3.5]

9 Page 9 of 144 First Revision No. 6-NFPA [ Section No. 2.2 ] 2.2 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA NFPA 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program, edition. NFPA 1981, Standard on Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA) for Fire and Emergency Services, edition. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 11:31:45 EST 2014 : Update of NFPA references to current edition Response Message: Public Input No. 28-NFPA [Section No. 2.2]

10 Page 10 of 144 First Revision No. 7-NFPA [ Section No ] ANSI Publications. American National Standards Institute, Inc., 25 West 43rd Street, 4th floor, New York, NY ANSI Z41 Z87.1, Standard for Personal Protection Protective Footwear American National Standard for Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Face Protective Devices,, ANSI Z89.1, Standard for Industrial Head Protection, Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 11:33:36 EST 2014 Committee Statement: ANSI Z41 is not longer referenced because it has been replaced by ASTM F2413. Reference to ANSI Z89.1 has been updated to most current edition. Response Message: Public Input No. 30-NFPA [Section No ]

11 Page 11 of 144 First Revision No. 8-NFPA [ Section No ] ASTM Publications. American Society for Testing and Materials, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA ASTM D 747, Standard Test Method for Apparent Bending Modulus of Plastics by Means of a Cantilever Beam, ASTM D 751, Standard Methods of Testing Coated Fabrics, (2011). ASTM D 1630, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property Abrasion Resistance (NBS Abrader), ASTM D 1776, Standard Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles, 2008e1. ASTM D 2136, Standard Test Method for Coated Fabrics Low Temperature Bend Test, ASTM D 2582, Standard Test Method for Puncture Propagation Tear Resistance of Plastic Film and Thin Sheeting, ASTM D 4157, Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method), ASTM D 6413, Standard Test Method for Flame Resistance of Textiles (Vertical Test), 2013b. ASTM F 392, Standard Test Method for Flex Durability of Flexible Barrier Materials Flex Durability of Flexible Barrier Materials, ASTM F 489, Standard Test Method for Static Coefficient of Friction of Shoe Sole and Heel Materials as Measured by the James Machine, ASTM F 739, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Permeation by Liquids or Gases Under Conditions of Continuous Contact, 1999a ASTM F 903, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Penetration by Liquids, ASTM F 1052, Standard Test Method for Pressure Testing of Vapor-Protective Ensembles, ASTM F 1154, Standard Practice for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort, Fit, Function, and Integrity of Chemical Protective Suit Ensembles, ASTM F 1301, Standard Practice for Labeling Chemical Protective Clothing, e1. ASTM F 1342, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Puncture, (2013) e1. ASTM F 1358, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Flame Impingement Effects of Flame Impingement on Materials Used in Protective Clothing Not Designated Primarily for Flame Resistance, ASTM F 1359, Standard Test Method for Measuring the Liquid Penetration Resistance of Protective Clothing or Protective Ensembles Using a Shower Spray While on a Mannequin, ASTM F 1790, Standard Test Methods for Measuring Cut Resistance of Materials Used in Protective Clothing,

12 Page 12 of 144 ASTM F 1930, Test Method for Evaluation of Flame Resistant Clothing for Protection Against Flash Fire Simulations Using an Instrumented Manikin, ASTM F 2010, Standard Test Method for Evaluation of Glove Effects on Wearer Hand Dexterity Using a Modified Pegboard Test, ASTM F 2413, Standard Specification for Performance Requirements for Protective (Safety) Toe Cap Footwear, ASTM F 2700, Standard Test Method for Unsteady-State Heat Transfer Evaluation of Flame Resistance Materials for Clothing with Continuous Heating, Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 11:41:20 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: Changes to reference update standards to current editions and account for changes in selected or new test methods. Public Input No. 31-NFPA [Section No ]

13 Page 13 of 144 First Revision No. 9-NFPA [ Section No ] ISO Publications. International Organization for Standardization, 1, rue de Varembé, Case postale 56, CH-1211 Geneve 20, Switzerland. ISO 27, Guidelines for corrective action to be taken by a certification body in the event of misuse of its mark of conformity, ISO 65, General requirements for bodies operating product certification systems, ISO 4649, Rubber vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of abrasion resistance using a rotating cylindrical drum device, ISO 9001, Quality Management Systems Requirements, ISO 13287, Personal protective equipment Footwear test method for slip resistance, ISO 17011, General requirements for accreditation bodies accrediting conformity assessment bodies, ISO 17021, Conformity assessment Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems, ISO 17025, General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories, ISO 17492, Clothing for protection against heat and flame Determination of heat transmission on exposure to both flame and radiant heat, ISO 17065, Conformity assessment Requirements for bodies certifying products, processes and services, Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 11:53:53 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Changes update reference to current edition; additional references added to address changes in test methods and certification requirements. Response Message: Public Input No. 32-NFPA [Section No ]

14 Page 14 of 144 First Revision No. 33-NFPA [ New Section after ] Agents Biological Terrorism Agents. Liquid or particulate agents that can consist of a biologically derived toxin or pathogen used to inflict lethal or incapacitating casualties, generally on a civilian population as a result of a terrorist attack CBRN Terrorism Agents. The term used to refer to chemical terrorism agents, including chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals, biological terrorism agents, and radiological particulate terrorism agents. (See also , , and ) Chemical Terrorism Agents. Liquid, solid, gaseous, and vapor chemical warfare agents and toxic industrial chemicals used to inflict lethal or incapacitating casualties, generally on a civilian population as a result of a terrorist attack * Chemical Warfare (CW) Agents. Liquid, solid, and gas chemical agents (most are liquid) traditionally used during warfare or armed conflict to kill or incapacitate an enemy. (See also and ) Radiological Particulate Terrorism Agents. Particles that emit ionizing radiation in excess of normal background levels used to inflict lethal or incapacitating casualties, generally on a civilian population as the result of a terrorist attack Toxic Industrial Chemicals. Highly toxic solid, liquid, or gaseous chemicals that have been identified as mass casualty threats that could be used as weapons of terrorism to inflict casualties, generally on a civilian population during a terrorist attack. (See also and ) Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_33_Annex_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 19:11:14 EST 2014

15 Page 15 of 144 : The TC is aligning the CBRN definitions with NFPA Response Message:

16 Page 16 of 144 First Revision No. 29-NFPA [ Sections 3.3.2, ] Biological Agents. Biological materials that are capable of causing an acute disease or long-term damage to the human body Biological Warfare Agent. A biological substance intended to kill, seriously injure, or incapacitate humans through physiological effects. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 19:06:17 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The TC is moving these definitions as subsets under the definition of agents.

17 Page 17 of 144 First Revision No. 10-NFPA [ New Section after ] CBRN. Chemical, biological, radiological, and nuclear. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 12:03:09 EST 2014 : This change provides consistency within the project. Response Message: Public Input No. 159-NFPA [New Section after 3.3.7]

18 Page 18 of 144 First Revision No. 30-NFPA [ Section No ] Chemical Warfare Agent. A chemical substance intended to kill, seriously injure, or incapacitate humans through physiological effects. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 19:07:28 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The TC is moving this definition as a subset under the definition of Agents.

19 Page 19 of 144 First Revision No. 75-NFPA [ New Section after ] Encapsulating. A type of ensemble that provides vapor- or gastight protection, or liquidtight protection, or both, and completely covers the wearer and the wearer s respiratory equipment. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 13:08:24 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee's intent is to allow for non-encapsulating ensembles to be certified.

20 Page 20 of 144 First Revision No. 76-NFPA [ Section No ] * Exhaust Valve. One-way vent that releases exhaust to the outside environment and prevents entry of outside environment. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_76_Associated_Annex_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 13:11:52 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee's intent is to allow for non-encapsulating ensembles to be certified.

21 Page 21 of 144 First Revision No. 11-NFPA [ Section No ] * External Fittings. Any component that allows the passage of gases, liquids, or electrical current from the outside to the inside of the element or item. Any as well as any fitting externally located on, and part of, the ensemble which that is not part of the garment material, visor material, gloves, footwear, seams, or closure assembly. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 12:05:59 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: Editorial change to make definition consistent with more recently updated NFPA 1992 and NFPA Public Input No. 33-NFPA [Section No ]

22 Page 22 of 144 First Revision No. 12-NFPA [ Section No ] Ladder Shank. See , Shank. Reinforcement to the midsole area of protective footwear designed to provide additional support to the instep when standing on a ladder rung. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 12:07:26 EST 2014 : The TC is changing the definition to add clarification. Response Message: Public Input No. 34-NFPA [Section No ]

23 Page 23 of 144 First Revision No. 13-NFPA [ Section No ] Manufacturer. The entity that assumes the liability, provides the warranty for the compliant product, or obtains the product certification. The entity that directs and controls any of the following: compliant product design, compliant product manufacturing, or compliant product quality assurance; or the entity that assumes the liability or provides the warranty for the compliant product Melt. A response to heat by a material resulting in evidence of flowing or dripping. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 12:21:14 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The TC is updating the definitions to make them consistent with other standards in the project. Also added is a new definition of "melt" which is used in the standard. Response Message: Public Input No. 70-NFPA [Section No ]

24 Page 24 of 144 First Revision No. 77-NFPA [ New Section after ] Nonencapsulating. A type of ensemble that provides liquid splash protection, but does not provide vapor- or gastight protection or liquidtight protection and does not cover the wearer s respiratory equipment. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 13:16:14 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is providing this definition to support allowing non-encapsulating suits to be certified.

25 Page 25 of 144 First Revision No. 78-NFPA [ Section No ] Normalized Breakthrough Detection Time. The time at which the permeation rate of a chemical through a material reaches 0.1 μg/cm 2 /min. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 13:21:36 EST 2014 : The term is no longer used in the standard. Response Message:

26 Page 26 of 144 First Revision No. 14-NFPA [ Section No ] * Particulates. Solid matter that is dispersed in air as a mixture. For the purpose of this standard, particulates do not include aerosol, or suspended liquid droplets in air. Aerosols are considered liquids. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_14_Annex_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 12:37:07 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The proposed change provides consistency with project definitions. Public Input No. 161-NFPA [Section No ]

27 Page 27 of 144 First Revision No. 28-NFPA [ New Section after ] Puncture Resistant Device. A reinforcement to the bottom of protective footwear that is designed to provide puncture resistance. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 19:02:26 EST 2014 : The TC is adding this definition for consistency within the project. Response Message:

28 Page 28 of 144 First Revision No. 31-NFPA [ Section No ] * Radioactive Particulate. Finely divided solids, such as powders and dusts, which emit ionizing radiation in excess of background radiation levels. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 19:08:39 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The TC is moving this definition as a subset to the definition of Agents.

29 Page 29 of 144 First Revision No. 45-NFPA [ Section No ] Respiratory Equipment. A positive- pressure, self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) or combination SCBA/supplied-air breathing apparatus certified by the National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) and certified as compliant with NFPA 1981, Standard on Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus for Fire and Emergency Services. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_45_Formatting.docx Description Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 12:11:45 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The change to the definition for respiratory equipment removes the current criteria, which are addressed in a design requirement. See attached Word document for correct formatting. Response Message: Public Input No. 37-NFPA [Section No ]

30 Page 30 of 144 First Revision No. 15-NFPA [ Section No ] Shank. The component of footwear that provides additional support to the instep. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 12:52:01 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: Definition is no longer needed; change provide consistency with more recently revised NFPA 1992 and NFPA Public Input No. 38-NFPA [Section No ]

31 Page 31 of 144 First Revision No. 79-NFPA [ Section No ] * Vapor-Protective Suit. The ensemble garment element of the protective ensemble that provides chemical protection to the upper and lower torso, head, arms, and legs. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_79_Annex_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 13:23:50 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee intends to allow non-encapsulating suits to be certified.

32 Page 32 of 144 First Revision No. 80-NFPA [ Section No ] * Visor Material. The transparent chemical-protective material that allows the wearer to see outside the protective ensemble hood. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_80_Annex_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 13:28:43 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee intends to allow the certification of nonencapsulating suits.

33 Page 33 of 144 First Revision No. 25-NFPA [ Section No ] Global FR-90 Hide Deleted All certification shall be performed by a certification organization that meets at least the requirements specified in Section 4.2, Certification Program, and that is accredited for personal protective equipment in accordance with ISO , General requirements for bodies operating product certification systems Conformity assessment requirements for bodies certifying products, processes and services. The accreditation shall be issued by an accreditation body operating in accordance with ISO 17011, General requirements for accreditation bodies accrediting conformity assessment bodies. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 18:40:56 EST 2014 : The TC is incorporating the revised ISO standard. Response Message:

34 Page 34 of 144 First Revision No. 34-NFPA [ Section No ] The certification organization shall not issue any new certifications to the edition of this standard on or after the NFPA effective date for the edition, which is {Insert effective date once determined by Standards Council.} 7 February Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 08:09:35 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is updating this paragraph to reflect the effective date of the 2015 edition.

35 Page 35 of 144 First Revision No. 35-NFPA [ Section No ] The certification organization shall not permit any manufacturer to continue to label any ensembles or ensemble elements that are certified as compliant with the edition of this standard on or after [Enter effective date of the 2015 edition plus 12 months} 1 September Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 08:17:30 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee wants to provide adequate time for orderly transition to the new standard.

36 Page 36 of 144 First Revision No. 36-NFPA [ Section No ] The certification organization shall require manufacturers to remove all certification labels and product labels indicating compliance with the edition of this standard from all ensembles and ensemble elements that are under the control of the manufacturer on {Enter effective date plus 12 months} 1 September 2005, and the certification organization shall verify this action is taken. Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 08:21:41 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is providing adequate time for an orderly transition to the next edition.

37 Page 37 of 144 First Revision No. 24-NFPA [ Section No ] Global FR-90 Hide Deleted The certification organization shall be accredited for personal protective equipment in accordance with ISO , General requirements for bodies operating product certification systems Conformity assessment requirements for bodies certifying products, processes and services. The accreditation shall be issued by an accreditation body operating in accordance with ISO 17011, General requirements for accreditation bodies accrediting conformity assessment bodies. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 18:37:16 EST 2014 : TC incorporated revised ISO standard. Response Message:

38 Page 38 of 144 First Revision No. 17-NFPA [ Section No [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ] The certification organization shall have or have access to laboratory facilities and equipment available for conducting proper tests to determine product compliance. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 16:37:25 EST 2014 Committee Statement: As written, it can be interpreted that the certification organization must also have lab equipment on-site. This represents a change to the product certification, and refers to the Correlating Committee for future applicability to other project standards. Response Message: Public Input No. 10-NFPA [Section No [Excluding any Sub-Sections]]

39 Page 39 of 144 First Revision No. 18-NFPA [ New Section after ] The certification organization shall ensure that the manufacturer tests each vaporprotective ensemble for gastight integrity as specified in ASTM F 1052, Standard Test Method for Pressure Testing of Vapor-Protective Ensembles. Each ensemble shall show an ending pressure of at least 797 Pa (3.2 in. water gauge) pressure. The date of the test shall be placed on the product label as specified in (5). The manufacturer shall provide the result with each ensemble. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 16:52:29 EST 2014 : It is important for this information to be provided to the end user. Response Message: Public Input No. 162-NFPA [New Section after ]

40 Page 40 of 144 First Revision No. 20-NFPA [ Section No ] Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Each vapor-protective ensemble specimen shall be tested for overall performance as specified in Section 7.1 using the following sequence of tests: (1) The vapor-protective ensemble specimen shall be tested for gastight integrity in accordance with Section 8.2, Gastight Integrity Test. (2) The vapor-protective ensemble specimen shall then be tested for liquidtight integrity as specified in Section 8.3, Liquidtight Integrity Test. (3) The vapor-protective ensemble specimen shall then be tested for overall function and integrity as specified in Section 8.4, Overall Ensemble Function and Integrity Test. (4) The vapor-protective ensemble specimen shall then be tested for airflow capacity as specified in Section 8.5, Maximum Suit Ventilation Rate Test. (5) If certified for optional chemical flash fire protection, the a new vaporprotective ensemble specimen shall then be tested for overall ensemble flash protection as specified in Section 8.25, Overall Ensemble Flash Test. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 17:36:01 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is clarifying the annual certification requirements.

41 Page 41 of 144 First Revision No. 19-NFPA [ Section No ] All suit material, visor, glove, footwear, optional chemical flash fire protection, and optional liquefied gas protection performance requirements shall be evaluated as specified in Chapter 5 7 with the following modifications: (1) Chemical Permeation permeation and chemical penetration resistance testing shall be limited to the testing specified in 7.2.1, 7.2.6, , 7.3.1, 7.3.6, 7.4.1, and 7.5.1and shall be performed against each of limited to the following chemicals: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) Carbon disulfide Dichloromethane Diethylamine Methanol Tetrahydrofuran (2) A total of two specimens shall be permitted for testing requirements. If the testing is specified for both directions of a material, a total of two specimens per material direction shall be permitted for testing requirements. Chemical permeation testing as specified in shall not be required. (3) Chemical permeation resistance testing specified in shall be limited to ammonia. (4) If the number of specimens is greater than two in the initial testing, a total of two specimens shall be permitted for annual testing requirements. If the testing is specified for both directions of a material, a total of two specimens per material direction shall be permitted for testing requirements. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_19_Formatted_Text_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 17:08:14 EST 2014

42 Page 42 of 144 Committee Statement: Response Message: Clarifies annual recertification testing requirements.see attached Word document for formatting. Public Input No. 72-NFPA [Section No ]

43 Page 43 of 144 First Revision No. 21-NFPA [ Sections 4.5.2, ] The operation of the quality assurance program shall evaluate and test compliant product production against this standard to assure production remains in compliance * The manufacturer shall be registered to ISO 9001, Quality management systems requirements Registration to the requirements of ISO 9001, Quality management systems requirements, shall be conducted by a registrar that is accredited for personal protective equipment in accordance with ISO 17021, Conformity assessment Requirements for bodies providing audit and certification of management systems The scope of the ISO registration shall include at least the design and manufacturing systems management for the personal protective equipment being certified The registrar shall affix the accreditation mark on the ISO registration certificate. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_21_Formatted_Text_edited.docx Description includes annex a Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 17:41:48 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The proposed changes provide consistency with current project certification requirements. The TC also included other ISO quality management systems which incorporate and exceed ISO Response Message:

44 Page 44 of 144 Public Input No. 42-NFPA [Sections 4.5.2, 4.5.3]

45 Page 45 of 144 First Revision No. 22-NFPA [ Section No ] * Where a change to an NFPA standard(s) is felt to be necessary, the certification organization shall also provide a copy of the report and corrective actions indicated to the NFPA, and shall also submit either a Public Proposal Input for a proposed change to the next revision of the applicable standard or a proposed Temporary Interim Amendment (TIA) to the current edition of the applicable standard. Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 18:29:58 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee made the change and will refer to Correlating Committee for further action and discussion.

46 Page 46 of 144 First Revision No. 23-NFPA [ Section No ] Manufacturers shall provide corrective action in accordance with ISO 9001, Quality management systems requirements, for or an equivalent ISO quality management system for investigating written complaints and returned products. (See also A ) Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 18:32:45 EST 2014 : See FR 21. Response Message: Public Input No. 97-NFPA [Section No ]

47 Page 47 of 144 First Revision No. 70-NFPA [ Section No ] The manufacturer shall provide at least the following instructions and information with each vapor-protective ensemble and each element: (1) Pre-use information as follows: (a) (b) (c) (d) (e) (f) (g) (h) (i) Safety considerations Limitations of use Marking recommendations and restrictions A statement that most performance properties of the vapor-protective ensemble or ensemble element cannot be tested by the user in the field Closure lubricants, if applicable Suit visor antifog agents or procedures Recommended undergarments Shelf life Storage life and storage conditions Warranty information (2) Preparation for use as follows: (a) (b) Sizing/adjustment Recommended storage practices (3) Inspection frequency and details (4) Don/doff information as follows: (a) (b) (c) Donning and doffing procedures Sizing and adjustment procedures Interface issues (5) Proper use consistent with NFPA 1500, Standard on Fire Department Occupational Safety and Health Program, and 29 CFR (6) Maintenance and cleaning information as follows: (a) (b) (c) (d) Cleaning instructions and precautions with a statement advising users not to use garments that are not thoroughly cleaned and dried Inspection details Maintenance criteria and methods of repair, where applicable Decontamination procedures for both chemical and biological contamination (7) Retirement and disposal criteria and consideration (8) Removal and reinsertion of hand from gloves (9) Removal and replacement of gloves and other user-replaceable components

48 Page 48 of 144 Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 10:19:13 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The term "Shelf Life" is only mentioned once in the standard and Storage Life is a defined term. This cleans this up and requires the the manufacturer state the environmental conditions under which the shelf life can be achieved. The technical committee also is adding instructions for userreplaceable features and for glove hand insertion/removal. Response Message: Public Input No. 113-NFPA [Section No ]

49 Page 49 of 144 First Revision No. 71-NFPA [ New Section after ] 5.2.7* The manufacturer shall state the model of NFPA 1981 compliant, open-circuit SCBA worn during certification of the garment. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_71_Annex_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 10:33:34 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The technical committee believes that users should be aware of the model(s) of SCBA that was used for the certification of the ensemble. Response Message:

50 Page 50 of 144 First Revision No. 72-NFPA [ Section No ] * The technical data package shall contain all documentation required by this standard and the data values obtained from the initial certification showing compliance with the requirements of Chapter 7 in the current edition of this standard. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 10:42:43 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: Th proposed change provides consistency with the more recently updated NFPA 1992 and NFPA Public Input No. 43-NFPA [Section No ]

51 Page 51 of 144 First Revision No. 39-NFPA [ New Section after 6.1 ] Respiratory equipment for hazardous materials emergencies and CBRN terrorism incidents is a critical part of overall protection and shall be specified and provided by the authority having jurisdiction. Only open-circuit SCBA that is certified to NFPA 1981 shall be specified to be worn with NFPA 1991 compliant ensembles * The interface of and integration of the selected respirator with the protective ensemble shall not invalidate the NIOSH certification of the respective respirator Where a nonencapsulating vapor-protective suit is used as part of the vaporprotective ensemble, the manufacturer shall specify the specific respiratory equipment to be worn for the vapor-protective ensemble to be certified All testing requiring the evaluation of complete vapor-protective ensembles that include nonencapsulating vapor-protective suits shall be performed with each type of respiratory equipment for which the manufacturer is certifying the vaporprotective ensemble. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_39_Annex_Text_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 08:44:00 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Definitization was added for the selection of respiratory equipment for testing purposes and the inclusion of non-encapsulating suit variants in the standard. Response Message: Public Input No. 119-NFPA [New Section after 6.1]

52 Page 52 of 144 First Revision No. 81-NFPA [ Section No ] 6.1.1* Vapor-protective ensembles shall be designed and configured to protect the wearer's torso, head, arms, legs, hands, and feet, and shall completely enclose the wearer. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_81_Annex_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 13:33:14 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee intends to allow the certification of nonencapsulating suits.

53 Page 53 of 144 First Revision No. 82-NFPA [ Section No ] The suit hood shall be permitted to be provided with a visor that is designed to allow the wearer to see outside the vapor-protective ensemble. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 13:41:08 EST 2014 : Allows for flexibility for non-encapsulating variants. Response Message:

54 Page 54 of 144 First Revision No. 83-NFPA [ Section No ] The visor shall be permitted to be constructed of a transparent material that qualifies as a chemical-protective layer. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 13:42:12 EST 2014 : Allows for non-encapsulating variants. Response Message:

55 Page 55 of 144 First Revision No. 40-NFPA [ Section No ] * Vapor-protective ensembles shall only be permitted to be constructed using an outer garment designed to be worn over the suit element where such additional garments are necessary to meet the suit ensemble element requirements of this standard optional liquefied gas protection performance requirements specified in Section 7.8, or the optional chemical flash fire protection performance requirements specified in Section 7.9. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_40_Annex_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 09:42:42 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The technical committee would like to provide unambiguous criteria that prevents the misinterpretation of garments that utilize overcovers for meeting the baseline requirements of this standard. Response Message: Public Input No. 93-NFPA [Section No ]

56 Page 56 of 144 First Revision No. 84-NFPA [ Section No [Excluding any Sub-Sections] ] Vapor Where encapsulating, vapor -protective ensembles shall be equipped with an exhaust valve(s). Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 13:43:31 EST 2014 : Non-encapsulating suits would not require exhaust valves. Response Message:

57 Page 57 of 144 First Revision No. 41-NFPA [ New Section after ] Where the glove consists of multiple layers to meet the glove element requirements, all layers shall extend to at least the interface connection. Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 10:38:48 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The new section adds clarity to the intent of allowing an outer glove to be worn in combination with the primary glove in order to meet the requirements for the glove element of the standard. Currently, it is unclear how this design requirement is presented and could enable an improper and unsafe design (such as leaving areas of the primary glove exposed, not being protected by the required outer glove). Response Message: Public Input No. 98-NFPA [New Section after 6.2.5]

58 Page 58 of 144 First Revision No. 37-NFPA [ New Section after ] Heel breast shall not be less than 13 mm ( 1 2 in.) nor more than 25 mm (1 in.). Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 08:36:20 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is adding this paragraph to align with NFPA 1992 and NFPA 1994.

59 Page 59 of 144 First Revision No. 38-NFPA [ New Section after ] Toe impact resistant, compression-resistant, and sole puncture resistant components shall be integral and nonremovable parts of the footwear Footwear shall meet the performance requirements as specified in ASTM F 2413, Performance Requirements for Protective (Safety) Toe Cap Footwear, for impactresistant, compression-resistant, and puncture-resistant footwear with the exception that flex resistance to cracking shall not be evaluated. Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 08:38:23 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is adding these two new paragraphs to align the document with NFPA 1992 and NFPA 1994.

60 Page 60 of 144 First Revision No. 46-NFPA [ Chapter 7 ] Chapter 7 Performance Requirements 7.1 Vapor-Protective Ensemble Performance Requirements Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Vapor-protective ensembles shall be tested for overall function as specified in Section 8.3, Liquidtight Integrity Test, and ensembles shall allow no liquid penetration; where outer gloves are designed to be worn in conjunction with gloves attached to the ensemble, the outer gloves shall not collect liquid; and where outer boots are designed to be worn in conjunction with garment booties, the outer boots shall not collect liquid Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Ensembles shall be tested for overall function and integrity as specified in Section 8.4, Overall Ensemble Function and Integrity Test, and shall meet the following performance criteria: (1) Ensembles shall have an ending pressure of at least 80 mm ( in.) water gauge pressure upon completion of the functional test. (2) Ensembles shall allow the test subject to complete all tasks while wearing a head-protective device. (3) Ensembles shall permit the test subject to see through the combination of respiration and ensemble visor with a visual acuity of 20/35 or better. (4) Ensembles shall permit the test subject to remove and reinsert their hand into the glove system 5 times sequentially within a period of 2 minutes or less Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Ensembles shall be tested for airflow capacity as specified in Section 8.5, Maximum Suit Ventilation Rate Test, and shall exhibit no internal pressures greater than 100 mm 150 mm ( 4 in. 6 in. ) water gauge pressure, and shall show an ending pressure of at least 80 mm ( in.) water gauge pressure after subsequent testing for gastight integrity as specified in Section 8.2, Gastight Integrity Test Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Ensembles on which external fittings are installed that penetrate any primary materials shall be tested for gastight integrity as specified in Section 8.2,Gastight Integrity Test, and show an ending pressure of at least 80 mm ( in.) water gauge Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Exhaust valves installed in vapor-protective ensembles shall be tested for mounting strength as specified in Section 8.9, Exhaust Valve Mounting Strength Test, and shall have a failure force greater than 135 N (30 lbf) Global FR-90 Hide Deleted

61 Page 61 of 144 External fittings installed in vapor-protective ensembles shall be tested for pull-out strength as specified in Section 8.13, Fitting Pull Out Strength Test, and shall have a failure force greater than 1000 N (225 lbf) Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Exhaust valves installed in vapor-protective ensembles shall be tested for inward leakage as specified in Section 8.24, Exhaust Valve Inward Leakage Test, and shall not exhibit a leakage rate exceeding 30 ml/min (1.83 in. 3 /min) Vapor-protective ensembles shall be tested for overall inward leakage as specified in Section 8.8, and shall have an average local physiological protective dosage factor (PPDF i ) value at each PAD location for the four ensembles tested of no less than and an average systemic physiological protective dosage factor (PPDF sys ) value for each of the four tested ensembles of no less than Vapor-Protective Suit Element Performance Requirements Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Suit materials and seams shall be tested for permeation resistance after flexing and abrading as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit exceed a breakthrough detection time cumulative permeation of 1 hour or less 6.0 μg/cm 2 for the following list of industrial chemicals: each chemical tested Acetone Acetonitrile Anhydrous ammonia (gas) 1,3-Butadiene (gas) Carbon disulfide Chlorine (gas) Dichloromethane Diethyl amine Dimethyl formamide Ethyl acetate Ethylene oxide (gas) Hexane Hydrogen chloride (gas) Methanol Methyl chloride (gas) Nitrobenzene Sodium hydroxide Sulfuric acid Tetrachloroethylene Tetrahydrofuran Toluene

62 Page 62 of 144 Suit materials shall be tested for permeation resistance after flexing and abrading as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less for each additional chemical or specific chemical mixture for which the manufacturer is certifying the ensemble. Suit materials and seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6 and shall not exceed a cumulative permeation of 1.25 μg/cm 2 for the chemical warfare agent Soman (GD or O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate) Suit materials and seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6 and shall not exceed a cumulative permeation of 6.0 μg/cm 2 for each additional chemical or specific chemical mixture for which the manufacturer is certifying the ensemble Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Suit materials shall be tested for resistance to flame impingement as specified in Section 8.7, Flammability Resistance Test, and shall have not ignite during the initial 3-second exposure period, shall not burn a distance of greater than 100 mm (4 in.), shall not sustain burning for more than 10 seconds, and shall not melt as evidenced by flowing or dripping during the subsequent 12-second exposure period. an afterflame time of not greater than 2.0 seconds and shall not melt Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Suit material shall be tested for bursting strength as specified in Section 8.10, Burst Strength Test, and shall have a bursting strength greater than 200 N (45 lbf) Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Suit materials shall be tested for puncture propagation tear resistance as specified in Section 8.11, Puncture Propagation Tear Resistance Test, and shall have a puncture propagation tear resistance greater than 49 N (11 lbf) Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Suit materials shall be tested for cold weather performance as specified in Section 8.12, Cold Temperature Performance Test One, and shall not have a bending moment greater than of less than N m (0.5 in.-lbf) at an angular deflection of 60 degrees at - 25 C ( - 13 F) Suit seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less for the following list of industrial chemicals: Acetone Acetonitrile Anhydrous ammonia (gas) 1,3-Butadiene (gas) Carbon disulfide Chlorine (gas) Dichloromethane Diethyl amine Dimethyl formamide Ethyl acetate

63 Page 63 of 144 Ethylene oxide (gas) Hexane Hydrogen chloride (gas) Methanol Methyl chloride (gas) Nitrobenzene Sodium hydroxide Sulfuric acid Tetrachloroethylene Tetrahydrofuran Toluene Suit seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less for each additional chemical or specific chemical mixture for which the manufacturer is certifying the ensemble Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Suit seams shall be tested for seam strength as specified in Section 8.22, Seam/Closure Breaking Strength Test, and shall have a breaking strength greater than 2.88 kn/m (30 lbf/2 in.). 67 N/25 mm (15 lbf/1 in.) Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Suit closure assemblies shall be tested for penetration resistance as specified in Section 8.23, Closure Penetration Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less for the following industrial chemicals: show no penetration of the test liquids for at least 1 hour Acetone Acetonitrile Carbon disulfide Dichloromethane Diethyl amine Dimethyl formamide Ethyl acetate Hexane Methanol Nitrobenzene Sodium hydroxide Sulfuric acid Tetrachloroethylene Tetrahydrofuran Toluene

64 Page 64 of 144 Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Suit closure assemblies shall be tested for chemical penetration resistance as specified in Section 8.23, Closure Penetration Resistance Test, and shall show no penetration of the test liquids for at least 1 hour and for any additional chemicals or specific chemical mixtures for which the manufacturer is certifying the suit Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Suit closure assemblies shall be tested for closure strength as specified in Section 8.22, Seam/Closure Breaking Strength Test, and shall have a breaking strength greater than 2.88 kn/m (30 lbf/2 in.). 67 N/25 mm (15 lbf/1 in.). 7.3 Vapor-Protective Suit Element Visor Performance Requirements Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Visor materials shall be tested for permeation resistance after flexing and abrading Visor materials and visor material seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less for the following list of industrial chemicals: exceed a cumulative permeation of 6.0 μg/cm 2 for each chemical tested. Acetone Acetonitrile Anhydrous ammonia (gas) 1,3-Butadiene (gas) Carbon disulfide Chlorine (gas) Dichloromethane Diethyl amine Dimethyl formamide Ethyl acetate Ethylene oxide (gas) Hexane Hydrogen chloride (gas) Methanol Methyl chloride (gas) Nitrobenzene Sodium hydroxide Sulfuric acid Tetrachloroethylene Tetrahydrofuran Toluene Global FR-90 Hide Deleted

65 Page 65 of 144 Visor materials and visor material seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less for each additional chemical or specific chemical mixture for which the manufacturer is certifying the ensemble. exceed a cumulative permeation of 1.25 μg/cm 2 for the chemical warfare agent Soman (GD or O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate) Visor materials and visor material seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6 and shall not exceed a cumulative permeation of 4 μg/cm 2 for the chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard, distilled [HD or bis (2- chloroethyl) sulfide] Visor materials and visor material seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6, and shall not exhibit breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less and shall not exceed a cumulative permeation of 6.0 μg/cm 2 for each additional chemical or specific chemical mixture for which the manufacturer is certifying the ensemble Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Visor materials shall be tested for resistance to flame impingement as specified in Section 8.7, Flammability Resistance Test, and shall not ignite during the initial 3- second exposure period, shall not burn a distance of greater than 100 mm (4 in.), shall not sustain burning for more than 10 seconds, and shall not melt as evidenced by flowing or dripping during the subsequent 12-second exposure period. have an afterflame time of not greater than 2.0 seconds and shall not melt Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Visor materials shall be tested for bursting strength as specified in Section 8.10, Burst Strength Test, and shall have a bursting strength of not less than 200 N (45 lbf). not have a full-thickness puncture or crack Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Visor materials shall be tested for puncture propagation tear resistance as specified in Section 8.11, Puncture Propagation Tear Resistance Test, and shall have a puncture propagation tear resistance of not less than 49 N (11 lbf). not have a full-thickness puncture or crack Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Visor materials shall be tested for cold temperature bending puncture resistance as specified in Section 8.14, Cold Temperature Performance Test Two, and shall not crack or show evidence of visible damage. a visible hole extending through all layers Visor material seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less for the following list of industrial chemicals: Acetone Acetonitrile Anhydrous ammonia (gas) 1,3-Butadiene (gas)

66 Page 66 of 144 Carbon disulfide Chlorine (gas) Dichloromethane Diethyl amine Dimethyl formamide Ethyl acetate Ethylene oxide (gas) Hexane Hydrogen chloride (gas) Methanol Methyl chloride (gas) Nitrobenzene Sodium hydroxide Sulfuric acid Tetrachloroethylene Tetrahydrofuran Toluene shall be tested for cold temperature bending as specified in Section 8.14 and shall not crack or show evidence of visible damage Visor material seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit a normalized breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less for each additional chemical or specific chemical mixture for which the manufacturer is certifying the ensemble Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Visor material seams shall be tested for seam strength as specified in Section 8.22, Seam/Closure Breaking Strength Test, and shall have a breaking strength of not less than 2.88 kn/m (30 lbf/2 in.). 67 N/25 mm (15 lbf/1 in.). 7.4 Vapor-Protective Glove Element Performance Requirements Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Glove materials shall be tested for permeation resistance after flexing and abrading as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less for the following list of industrial chemicals: exceed a cumulative permeation of 6.0 μg/cm 2 for each chemical tested. Acetone Acetonitrile Anhydrous ammonia (gas) 1,3-Butadiene (gas) Carbon disulfide Chlorine (gas)

67 Page 67 of Dichloromethane Diethyl amine Dimethyl formamide Ethyl acetate Ethylene oxide (gas) Hexane Hydrogen chloride (gas) Methanol Methyl chloride (gas) Nitrobenzene Sodium hydroxide Sulfuric acid Tetrachloroethylene Tetrahydrofuran Toluene Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Glove materials shall be tested for permeation resistance after flexing and abrading as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less for each additional chemical or specific chemical mixture for which the manufacturer is certifying the ensemble. and shall not exceed a cumulative permeation of 1.25 μg/cm 2 for the chemical warfare agent Soman (GD or O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate) Glove materials shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6 and shall not exceed a cumulative permeation of 4 μg/cm 2 for the chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard, distilled [HD or bis (2-chloroethyl) sulfide] Glove materials shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6 and shall not exceed a cumulative permeation of 6.0 μg/cm 2 for each additional chemical or specific chemical mixture for which the manufacturer is certifying the ensemble Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Glove materials shall be tested for resistance to flame impingement as specified in Section 8.7, Flammability Resistance Test, and shall not ignite during the initial 3- second exposure period, shall not burn a distance of greater than 100 mm (4 in.), shall not sustain burning for more than 10 seconds, and shall not melt as evidenced by flowing or dripping during the subsequent 12-second exposure period. have an afterflame time of not greater than 2.0 seconds and shall not melt Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Glove materials shall be tested for cut resistance as specified in Section 8.15, Cut Resistance Test, and shall have a blade travel distance of not less than 25 mm (1 in.) 20 mm (0.8 in.)

68 Page 68 of 144 Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Glove materials shall be tested for puncture resistance as specified in Section 8.16, Puncture Resistance Test One, and shall have a puncture resistance of not less than 22 N (5 lbf) Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Glove materials shall be tested for cold weather performance as specified in Section 8.12, Cold Temperature Performance Test One, and shall have a bending moment of N m ( 1 2 in.-lbf) at an angular deflection of 60 degrees and -25 C (-13 F). bending moment of less than N - m ( 0.5 in.-lbf) at an angular deflection of 60 degrees and 25 C ( 13 F) * Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Gloves shall be tested for dexterity as specified in Section 8.17, Glove Hand Function Test, and shall have an average percent increase of bare - hand control of less than 600 percent. 7.5 Vapor-Protective Footwear Element Performance Requirements Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Footwear upper materials shall be tested for permeation resistance after flexing and abrading as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less for the following list of industrial chemicals: exceed a cumulative permeation of 6.0 μg/cm 2 for each chemical tested. Acetone Acetonitrile Anhydrous ammonia (gas) 1,3-Butadiene (gas) Carbon disulfide Chlorine (gas) Dichloromethane Diethyl amine Dimethyl formamide Ethyl acetate Ethylene oxide (gas) Hexane Hydrogen chloride (gas) Methanol Methyl chloride (gas) Nitrobenzene Sodium hydroxide Sulfuric acid Tetrachloroethylene Tetrahydrofuran Toluene

69 Page 69 of Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Footwear upper materials shall be tested for permeation resistance after flexing and abrading as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less, and shall not exhibit a breakthrough detection time of 1 hour or less for each additional chemical or specific chemical mixture for which the manufacturer is certifying the ensemble. exceed a cumulative permeation of 1.25 μg/cm 2 for the chemical warfare agent Soman (GD or O-Pinacolyl methylphosphonofluoridate) Footwear upper materials shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6 and shall not exceed a cumulative permeation of 4 μg/cm 2 for the chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard, distilled [HD or bis (2-chloroethyl) sulfide] Footwear upper materials shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6 and shall not exceed a cumulative permeation of 6.0 μg/cm 2 for each additional chemical or specific chemical mixture for which the manufacturer is certifying the ensemble Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Footwear upper materials shall be tested for resistance to flame impingement as specified in Section 8.7, Flammability Resistance Test, and shall not ignite during the initial 3-second exposure period, shall not burn a distance of greater than 100 mm (4 in.), shall not sustain burning for more than 10 seconds, and shall not melt as evidenced by flowing or dripping during the subsequent 12-second exposure period. have an afterflame time of not greater than 2.0 seconds and shall not melt Footwear upper materials shall be tested for cut resistance as specified in Section 8.15, Cut Resistance Test, and have a blade travel distance of not less than 25 mm (1 in.). 20 mm (0.8 in.) Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Footwear upper materials shall be tested for puncture resistance as specified in Section 8.16, Puncture Resistance Test One, and have a puncture resistance of not less than 36 N (8 lbf) Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Footwear toes heels shall be tested for impact and compression resistance as specified in Section 8.21, Impact and Compression Test, and shall have an impact resistance of not less than J (75 ft-lb), and shall have a compression resistance of not less than 11,121 N (2500 lbf). abrasion resistance as specified in Section 8.20 and the relative volume loss shall not be greater than 250 mm Footwear soles and heels or ladder shanks shall be tested for puncture bending resistance as specified in Section 8.16, Puncture Resistance Test Two, and shall have a puncture resistance of not less than 1210 N (272 lbf). not deflect more than 6 mm ( 1 4 in.) Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Footwear soles and heels shall be tested for abrasion resistance slip resistance as specified in Section 8.19, Abrasion Resistance Test, and have an abrasion resistance rating of not less than 65. shall have a coefficient of 0.40 or greater.

70 Page 70 of Footwear soles or ladder shanks shall be tested for bending resistance as specified in Section 8.22, Ladder Shank Bend Resistance Test, and shall not deflect more than 6 mm ( 1 4 in.) Footwear soles shall be tested for slip resistance as specified in Section 8.23, Slip Resistance Test, and shall have a static coefficient of 0.75 or greater. 7.6 Optional Liquefied Gas Protection Performance Requirements for Vapor- Protective Ensembles and Ensemble Elements Vapor-protective ensembles and ensemble elements that will be certified as compliant with the additional optional criteria for liquefied gas protection for escape only shall also meet all applicable requirements in Sections 7.1 through Primary suit, glove, and footwear element materials shall be tested for liquefied gas permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6, and shall not show signs of damage and shall not exceed a cumulative permeation of 6.0 μg/cm 2 for the following list of gaseous industrial chemicals: (1) Ammonia (2) Chlorine (3) Ethylene oxide 7.7 Vapor-Protective Ensemble and Ensemble Element CBRN Protection Performance Requirements for Terrorism Incidents. Optional Chemical Flash Fire Protection Performance Requirements for Vapor-Protective Ensembles and Ensemble Elements Vapor-protective ensembles and ensemble elements that will be certified as compliant with the additional optional criteria for chemical flash fire protection for escape only shall also meet all applicable requirements in Sections 7.1 through Primary suit, glove, and footwear element materials and seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exhibit normalized breakthrough detection times of 60 minutes or less for the following list of industrial chemicals: Cyanogen chloride (CK; ) Carbonyl chloride (CG; ) Dimethyl sulfate (DMA, sulfuric acid dimethyl ester; ) Hydrogen cyanide (AC, HCN, CAS; ) Global FR-74 Hide Deleted

71 Page 71 of 144 Primary suit, glove, and footwear materials and seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exceed a cumulative permeation of 1.25 μg/cm 2 for the chemical warfare agent sarin (GB, or isopropyl methyl phosphonofluoridate). Vapor-protective ensembles and elements shall be tested for overall ensemble flash protection as specified by Section 8.2.7, and shall not have any afterflame times longer than 2 seconds, shall show an ending pressure of at least 13 mm ( 1 2 in.) water gauge in the subsequent gastight integrity testing, and shall permit visual acuity through the visor of 20/100 or better Global FR-74 Hide Deleted Primary suit, glove, and footwear materials and seams shall be tested for permeation resistance as specified in Section 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not exceed a cumulative permeation of 4 μg/cm 2 for the chemical warfare agent sulfur mustard, distilled [HD, or bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide]. Suit materials, visor materials, glove materials, and footwear upper materials shall be tested for heat transfer performance (HTP) as specified in Section 8.18 and shall have an average HTP rating of not less than 12 cal/cm Primary suit, glove, and footwear element materials shall be tested for resistance to flame impingement as specified in Section 8.7 and shall have afterflame time not greater than 2.0 seconds during the initial 3-second exposure period, shall not burn a distance of greater than 100 mm (4 in.), shall not sustain burning for more than 2 seconds, and shall not melt during the subsequent 12-second exposure period Global FR-74 Hide Deleted Vapor-protective ensembles and elements shall be tested for overall heat transfer performance as specified in Section 8.18 and shall have an average predicted body burn rating of not more than Vapor-protective ensembles shall be tested for inward leakage as specified in Section 8.8, Overall Ensemble Inward Leakage Test, and shall have no inward leakage greater than 0.02 percent. 7.8 Optional Liquefied Gas Protection Performance Requirements for Vapor- Protective Ensembles and Ensemble Elements Vapor-protective ensembles and ensemble elements that will be certified as compliant with the additional optional criteria for liquefied gas protection for escape only shall also meet all applicable requirements in Sections 7.1 through Primary suit, glove, and footwear element materials shall be tested for liquefied gas permeation resistance as specified in Section, 8.6, Chemical Permeation Resistance Test, and shall not show signs of damage, and shall not exhibit a normalized breakthrough detection time of 15 minutes or less for the following list of gaseous industrial chemicals: (1) Ammonia (2) Chlorine (3) Ethylene oxide 7.9 Optional Chemical Flash Fire Protection Performance Requirements for Vapor-Protective Ensembles and Ensemble Elements.

72 Page 72 of Vapor-protective ensembles and ensemble elements that will be certified as compliant with the additional optional criteria for chemical flash fire protection for escape only shall also meet all applicable requirements in Sections 7.1 through Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Vapor-protective ensembles and elements shall be tested for overall ensemble flash protection as specified by Section 8.25, Overall Ensemble Flash Test, shall not have any afterflame times longer than 2 seconds, shall show an ending pressure of at least 13 mm ( 1 2 in.) water gauge in the subsequent gastight integrity testing, and shall permit visual acuity through the visor of 20/100 or better Global FR-74 Hide Deleted Primary suit, glove, and footwear element materials shall be tested for thermal protective heat transfer performance ( TPP HTP ) as specified in Section 8.18, Thermal Protective Performance Test, and shall have an average TPP HTP rating of not less than Global FR-90 Hide Deleted Primary suit, glove, and footwear element materials shall be tested for resistance to flame impingement as specified in Section 8.7, Flammability Resistance Test, and shall not ignite during the initial 3-second exposure period, shall not burn a distance of greater than 100 mm (4 in.), shall not sustain burning for more than 2 seconds, and shall not melt as evidenced by flowing or dripping during the subsequent 12-second exposure period. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_46_Chapter_7_Performance_Requirements_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 18:14:48 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is deleting the current Chapter 7 and replacing it with the attached Word document. All Public Input and reorganization items are included in the rewrite.

73 Page 73 of 144 First Revision No. 47-NFPA [ Section No ] Samples or specimens shall be conditioned at a temperature of 21 C, ±3 C ± 3 C (70 F,±5 F ± 5 F ) and a relative humidity of 65 percent, ± 5 percent until equilibrium is reached as determined, as specified in ASTM D 1776, Standard Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles, or for at least 24 hours. whichever is shortest. Specimens shall be tested within 5 minutes after removal from conditioning. Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 18:17:37 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is correlating the text with other documents in the project. Public Input No. 17-NFPA [Section No ]

74 Page 74 of 144 First Revision No. 48-NFPA [ Section No ] Abrasion Procedure for Suit Materials Samples shall be abraded in accordance with ASTM D 4157, Standard Test Method for Abrasion Resistance of Textile Fabrics (Oscillatory Cylinder Method), under the following conditions: (1) A 2.3 kg (5 lb) tension weight shall be used. (2) A 1.6 kg (3 1 2 lb) head weight shall be used. (3) An If the ensemble does not employ a separable inner and outer layer, the outer surface shall be abraded with an 80 grit abradant trimite D-weight open coat #1A4180, or equivalent, shall be used. (4) The specimen shall be abraded for 25 continuous cycles. If the ensemble employs a separable inner and outer layer, in which the inner layer is the chemical barrier layer, the following shall apply: (a) (b) The abradant of the outer surface of the inner suit shall be the inner surface of the outer layer. The abradant of the outer surface of the outer layer shall be 80 grit trimite D-weight open coat #1A4180, or equivalent. (5) The specimen shall be abraded for 25 continuous cycles for (3) and (4)(b), and 200 continuous cycles for (4)(a). Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 18:43:02 EST 2014 Committee Statement: There are two wear surfaces moving independently of one another when an over garment is worn over the suit element resulting in an abrasive condition while the ensemble is in use. Therefore, testing abrasion resistance on the outer garment only is insufficient. Response Message: Public Input No. 164-NFPA [Section No ]

75 Page 75 of 144 First Revision No. 49-NFPA [ Section No ] Flexural Fatigue Procedure for Footwear. Sample footwear shall be subjected to 100,000 flexes in accordance with Appendix B of FIA Standard 1209, Whole Shoe Flex., with the following modifications: (1) Water shall not be used. (2) The flex speed shall be 60 ± 2 cycles per minute. (3) Alternative flexing equipment shall be permitted to be used when the flexing equipment meets the following parameters: (a) (b) (c) The flexing equipment is capable of providing the angle of flex as described in FIA The flexing equipment is capable of a flex speed of 60 ± 2 cycles per minute. The flexing equipment provides a means of securing the footwear during flexing. Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 18:47:50 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The proposed changes provide procedures that are consistent with the similar changes made within the project for footwear flexing. Public Input No. 76-NFPA [Section No ]

76 Page 76 of 144 First Revision No. 50-NFPA [ New Section after ] Elevated Temperature and Humidity Conditioning Procedure Samples or specimens shall be conditioned at a temperature of 32 C ± 2 C (90 F ± 4 F) and a relative humidity of 80 percent ± 5 percent until equilibrium is reached, as specified in ASTM D 1776, Standard Practice for Conditioning and Testing Textiles, or for at least 24 hours Specimens shall be tested within 5 minutes after removal from conditioning. Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 18:52:18 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: Conditioning for permeation testing should reflect the conditions under which permeation testing is conducted.

77 Page 77 of 144 First Revision No. 85-NFPA [ Section No. 8.4 ] 8.4 Overall Ensemble Function and Integrity Test Application. This test method shall apply to vapor-protective ensembles Sample Preparation Samples shall be complete vapor-protective ensembles Samples shall be conditioned as specified in Specimens Specimens shall be complete vapor-protective ensembles At least one three specimen specimens shall be tested using a different test subject for each specimen Where the vapor-protective ensemble consists of multiple separate layers, and outer layers are not considered gastight, then only the portion of the vaporprotective suit that is considered gastight shall be tested Apparatus. The equipment and supplies specified in ASTM F 1154, Standard Practices for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort, Fit, Function, and Integrity of Chemical Protective Suit Ensembles, shall be used along with the following additional items: (1) A Snellen eye chart for a 6 m (20 ft) distance (2) A stopwatch or other timing device (3) Multiple cards on white card stock with four random capital letters printed in 10 mm high block-style font (4) A protractor or other device to measure the angle of a word card relative to the test subject Procedure Suit overall function and integrity shall be measured in accordance with ASTM F 1154, Standard Practices for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort, Fit, Function, and Integrity of Chemical Protective Suit Ensembles, with the following parameters: (1) Both exercise Procedures procedures A and B shall be used. (2) Ensembles tested shall meet the sizing range of the test subject as determined in The suit shall be donned in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. (3) Testing shall be conducted at 25 C, ± 7 C (77 F, ± 10 F) and relative humidity of 50 percent, ± 20 percent. (4) Test subjects shall wear head protection meeting the dimensional requirements of Type I, Class G helmets of ANSI Z89.1, Standard for Industrial Head Protection, while carrying out the exercise protocols.

78 Page 78 of 144 (5) Test subjects shall wear underclothing in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, or in lieu of a detailed recommendation, a full-body coverall. (6) Test subjects shall wear a self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) that is compliant with NFPA 1981, Standard on Open-Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus for Fire and Emergency Services Visual acuity testing shall be conducted using a standard 6.1 m (20 ft) the eye chart, with a normal lighting range of 100 through 150 ft candles at the chart and with the test subject positions at a distance of 6.1 m (20 ft) from the chart The test subject shall have a minimum visual acuity of 20/20 in each eye, uncorrected or corrected with contact lenses, as determined in a visual acuity test or doctor's examination The test subject shall read the standard eye chart through the lens of the SCBA facepiece and suit visor to determine the ensemble visor's impact on the test subject's visual acuity The field of vision for the test subject shall be assessed by determining the angular degree to the left and right where the test subject can read four random 10 mm high letters from a distance of 6 m (20 ft) that is 2 m (6 ft) off of the ground At the end of all testing, the test subject shall be instructed to remove his or her hands from each of the gloves while still wearing the suit, touch the bypass valve on the SCBA, and then reinsert his or her hands into the gloves. The test subject shall perform this action in accordance with the manufacturer s instructions. This action shall be sequentially repeated a total of five times. The time for completing this action shall be timed using a stopwatch or other suitable timing device Gastight integrity shall be measured as specified in Section 8.2 upon completion of the exercise protocols Report The end suit pressure shall be recorded and reported The ability of the test subject to satisfactorily complete all exercises while wearing head protection meeting the dimensional requirements of Type I, Class G helmets of ANSI Z89.1, Standard for Industrial Head Protection, shall be recorded and reported The visual acuity of the test subject when in and out of the suit shall be recorded and reported The angular degree for both the left and right defining the field of vision shall be measured and reported. The average angular degree for the left and right field of vision for all test subjects shall be calculated and reported The ability of the time for each test subject to repeatedly remove and reinsert his or her hands completely into the gloves 5 five times sequentially shall be recorded and reported. The average time for all test subjects shall be calculated and reported Interpretation

79 Page 79 of 144 Following the test subject exercises, an ending suit pressure after inflation testing shall be used to determine pass or fail performance The ability of the test subject to satisfactorily complete all exercises while wearing head protection meeting the dimensional requirements of Type I, Class G helmets of ANSI Z89.1, Standard for Industrial Head Protection, shall be used to determine pass or fail performance The visual acuity of the test subject when inside the suit shall be used for determining pass or fail performance The average left and average right angular field of vision shall be used to determine pass or fail performance The inability of the test subject average time of all test subjects to repeatedly remove and reinsert his or her hands their completely into the gloves 5 five times sequentially shall determine pass or fail performance. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_85_Formatted_Text_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Sat Mar 08 10:03:14 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The Technical Committee is revising the Overall Ensemble Function and Integrity Test.

80 Page 80 of 144 First Revision No. 51-NFPA [ Section No. 8.6 ] 8.6 Chemical Permeation Resistance Test One Application This test method shall apply to suit, visor, glove, and footwear element materials, and shall apply to the selected elements' seams Modifications to this test method for testing suit materials after flexing and abrading shall be as specified in Modifications to this test method for testing glove materials after flexing and abrading shall be as specified in Modifications to this test method for testing footwear materials after flexing and abrading shall be as specified in Modifications to this test method for testing seams shall be as specified in Modifications to this test for testing primary materials against liquefied gases shall be as specified in Modifications to this test for testing suit, visor, glove, and footwear materials following cold temperature embrittlement exposure shall be as specified in Sample Preparation Samples shall be either vapor-protective ensembles or suit materials, visor materials, gloves, and footwear of the sizes specified in the modifications Samples shall be conditioned as specified in after the conditioning specified in the modifications Specimens Specimens shall be the size specified in ASTM F 739, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Permeation by Liquids and Gases At least three specimens shall be tested per chemical challenge For composite materials, only the chemical protection layer shall be the sample for testing for chemical permeation resistance Procedures Permeation resistance shall be measured in accordance with ASTM F 739, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Permeation by Liquids and Gases, at 27 C, ±2 C (81 F, ±3 F) for a test duration of at least 3 hours for the following chemicals: with the following modifications: (1) Cumulative permeation shall be measured for a period of 1 hour, +1 minute, - 0 minutes.

81 Page 81 of 144 (2) Testing shall be performed at a temperature of 32 C, ± 2 C (90 F, ± 4 F). (3) The minimum detectable cumulative permeation mass shall be determined for each chemical tested and shall be at least 0.6 µg/cm 2 or lower Permeation resistance shall be measured for each of the following chemicals at its normal laboratory-grade concentration, with gases at a concentration of 99.0% or greater, except as indicated: (1) Acetone (2) Acetonitrile (3) Acrolein (4) Acrylonitrile (5) Anhydrous ammonia (gas) (6) 1,3-Butadiene (gas) (7) Carbon disulfide (8) Chlorine (gas) (9) Dichloromethane (10) Diethyl amine (11) Dimethyl formamide (12) Dimethyl sulfate (13) Ethyl acetate (14) Ethylene oxide (gas) (15) Hexane (16) Hydrogen chloride (gas) (17) Methanol (18) Methyl chloride (gas) (19) Nitrobenzene (20) Sodium hydroxide, 50% w/w (21) Sulfuric acid, 96.1% w/w (22) Tetrachloroethylene (23) Tetrahydrofuran (24) Toluene Industrial Chemicals Permeation resistance shall be measured in accordance with ASTM F 739, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Permeation by Liquids and Gases, at 27 C, ±2 C (81 F, ±3 F) for a test duration of at least 3 hours for the following chemicals: Acetone Acetonitrile Anhydrous ammonia (gas) 1,3-Butadiene (gas) Carbon disulfide

82 Page 82 of 144 Chlorine (gas) Dichloromethane Diethyl amine Dimethyl formamide Ethyl acetate Ethylene oxide (gas) Hexane Hydrogen chloride (gas) Methanol Methyl chloride (gas) Nitrobenzene Sodium hydroxide Sulfuric acid Tetrachloroethylene Tetrahydrofuran Toluene The minimum detectable permeation rate for the permeation test apparatus shall be measured for each chemical tested. The minimum detectable permeation rate shall be less than or equal to 0.10 μg/cm 2 /min for all permeation resistance tests. When using closed loop systems, the testing laboratory shall assume 1 hour accumulated permeation Chemical Warfare Agents Specimens shall be tested for permeation resistance for not less than 60 minutes in accordance with ASTM F 739, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Permeation by Liquids or Gases Under Conditions of Continuous Contact, with the following modifications: The test cells shall be designed to accommodate the introduction of liquid chemicals in a safe manner. The liquid concentration density shall be 100 g/m 2, +10/-0 g/m 2, and the cell shall be assembled in closed-top configuration. The collection media shall be filtered air flowed through the bottom of the test cell at a rate of 1 L/min ±0.1 L/min. Analytical methods used shall be sensitive to concentrations of at least one order of magnitude lower than the required end points. Cumulative permeation shall be determined and reported. Testing shall be performed at a temperature of 32 C, ±1 C (90 F, ±2 F) The following chemicals shall be tested: Cyanogen chloride (CK; ) Carbonyl chloride (CG; ) Dimethyl sulfate (DMA, sulfuric acid dimethyl ester; ) Hydrogen cyanide (AC, HCN, CAS; )

83 Page 83 of The chemical warfare agent sarin (GB) shall be tested The minimum detectable cumulative permeation shall be determined for each chemical warfare agent tested Report The following information and results shall be recorded and reported: (1) Material type or name (2) Chemical or chemical mixture (volume composition of mixture) Permeation normalized breakthrough detection time in minutes calculated at a system detectable permeation rate of 0.10 μg/cm 2 /min for industrial chemicals Maximum permeation rate (μg/cm 2 /min) observed for industrial chemicals Minimum detectable rate for test apparatus (μg/cm 2 /min) for industrial chemicals (3) Cumulative permeation mass (μg/cm 2 ) for chemical warfare agents (4) Minimum detectable cumulative permeation mass (μg/cm 2 ) for chemical warfare agents (5) Detection method (6) Date of test (7) Testing laboratory The average cumulative permeation mass shall be determined for each chemical If no chemical is detected for any replicate permeation resistance test, then the cumulative permeation mass used for that replicate shall be the minimum detectable cumulative permeation mass for purposes of calculating the average cumulative permeation mass If no chemical is detected for all replicates in a specific chemical test, then the average cumulative permeation mass shall be reported as a value less than the minimum detectable cumulative permeation mass The manufacturer shall report all three measured normalized breakthrough detection times or the average cumulative permeation masses in the technical data package The manufacturer shall report all three observed permeation rates in the technical data package for industrial chemicals Interpretation. The average cumulative permeation mass shall be used in determining compliance for the particular material/chemical combination For chemical warfare agents, t he average cumulative permeation mass shall be used in determining compliance for the particular material/chemical combination Specific Requirements for Testing Suit Materials After Flexing and Abrading

84 Page 84 of 144 Samples for conditioning shall be 200 mm 280 mm (8 in. 11 in.) rectangles and shall consist of all layers as configured in the suit Two samples shall first be conditioned by flexing as specified in One sample shall be flexed with the longitudinal axis parallel to the machine direction of the material, and the second sample shall be flexed with the longitudinal axis parallel to the cross-machine direction of the material Following flexing, two samples for abrasion conditioning, each measuring 45 mm 230 mm (1 3 4 in. 9 in.), shall be cut from the center of the flexed samples At least one specimen for abrasion conditioning shall be taken from a sample flexed in the machine direction, and at least one specimen for abrasion conditioning shall be taken from a sample flexed in the cross-machine direction for each chemical tested These new samples for abrasion conditioning shall then be conditioned by abrading as specified in Following abrasion, only one specimen for permeation resistance testing shall be taken from each sample subjected to abrasion The permeation test specimen shall be taken from the exact center of the abraded sample so that the center of the permeation test and the center of the abraded sample coincide Specific Requirements for Testing Glove Materials After Flexing and Abrading Samples for conditioning shall be whole glove components or whole glove individual elements Following flexing, t T hree samples for abrasion conditioning, each measuring 45 mm 230 mm (1 3 4 in. 9 in.), shall be cut from the center of the gauntlet portion of the flexed sample Samples shall first be conditioned by flexing as specified in Following flexing, three samples for abrasion conditioning, each measuring 45 mm 230 mm (1 3 4 in. 9 in.), shall be cut from the center of the gauntlet portion of the flexed sample At least one specimen for abrasion conditioning shall be taken from a sample flexed in the machine direction, and at least one specimen for abrasion conditioning shall be taken from a sample flexed in the cross-machine direction for each chemical tested These new samples for abrasion conditioning shall then be conditioned by abrading as specified in Following abrasion, only one specimen for permeation resistance testing shall be taken from each sample subjected to abrasion

85 Page 85 of 144 The permeation test specimen shall be taken from the exact center of the abraded sample so that the center of the permeation test and the center of the abraded sample coincide Specific Requirements for Testing Footwear Materials After Flexing and Abrading This test shall apply to all types of footwear configurations. Where the footwear incorporates a bootie constructed of suit material, the suit material flex fatigue resistance test shall be permitted to be substituted for this test Samples for conditioning shall be whole footwear components or whole footwear individual elements Samples shall first be conditioned by flexing as specified in Following flexing, three samples for abrasion conditioning, each measuring 45 mm 230 mm (1 3 4 in. 9 in.), shall be cut from the center of the footwear upper. where the greatest flexing occurred, usually at the quarter or vamp of the flexed sample These new samples for abrasion conditioning shall then be conditioned by abrading as specified in Following abrasion, only one specimen for permeation resistance testing shall be taken from each sample subjected to abrasion The permeation test specimen shall be taken from the exact center of the abraded sample so that the center of the permeation test and the center of the abraded sample coincide Specific Requirements for Testing Seams Seam specimens shall be prepared from seam samples that have a minimum of 150 mm (6 in.) of material on each side of the seam center Permeation test specimens shall be cut such that the exact seam center divides the specimen in half Seam specimens shall be prepared representing each different seam or shall be taken from each different type of seam found in the vapor-protective suit, including as a minimum the suit-to-suit material seams and the suit-to-visor material seams Samples for conditioning shall be 600 mm ( in.) lengths of prepared seam or cut from vapor-protective ensembles Specific Requirements for Testing Primary Materials Against Liquefied Gases Samples for conditioning shall be suit material, visor material, glove material from the glove gauntlet, and footwear material from the footwear upper Glove material specimens shall include all layers used in construction of the glove system Where the footwear consists of a bootie and outer boot, the footwear specimens shall include all layers in the footwear system Specimens shall be conditioned as specified in Specimens shall be exposed on their normal outside surface.

86 Page 86 of Visor materials that are rigid and cannot be bent in the test apparatus shall be excluded from this conditioning Only one specimen for permeation resistance testing shall be taken from each sample subjected to embrittlement conditioning. The permeation test specimen shall be taken from the exact center of the folded sample so that the center of the permeation test and the center of the folded sample coincide The test cell and test chemical shall be maintained at a temperature sufficient to keep the test chemical as a liquid at ambient pressure such that a 13 mm ( 1 2 in.) liquid layer is maintained at all times during the test Specific Requirements for Testing Suit, Visor, Glove, and Footwear Materials Following Cold Temperature Embrittlement Exposure Samples for conditioning shall be suit material, visor material, glove material from the glove gauntlet, and footwear material from the footwear upper Specimens shall be conditioned as specified in Only one specimen for permeation resistance testing shall be taken from each sample subjected to embrittlement conditioning The permeation test specimen shall be taken from the exact center of the folded sample so that the center of the permeation test and the center of the folded sample coincide. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_51_Formatted_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 19:17:06 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The proposed changes transition the permeation resistance test from the measurement of breakthrough time to cumulative permeation and further separate the chemical warfare agent testing to a separate method. Response Message: Public Input No. 171-NFPA [Section No. 8.6]

87 Page 87 of 144 First Revision No. 53-NFPA [ Section No. 8.7 ] 8.7 Flammability Resistance Test Application. This test method shall be applied to suit, visor, glove, and footwear element materials This test method shall be applied to suit, visor, glove, and footwear element materials Modifications to this test method for base ensemble performance shall be as specified in Modifications to this test method for optional chemical flash fire protection performance shall be as specified in Sample Preparation Samples for conditioning shall be at least 1 m (1 yd) squares of material Samples shall be conditioned as specified in Specimens Specimens shall be the size specified in ASTM F 1358, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Flame Impingement Standard Test Method for Effects of Flame Impingement on Materials Used in Protective Clothing Not Designated Primarily for Flame Resistance Five specimens in each of the warp directions, machine or coarse, and the filling directions, cross-machine or wale, shall be tested Where the material is isotropic, 10 specimens shall be tested Procedure. Flame resistance testing shall be conducted in accordance with ASTM F 1358, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Flame Impingement Standard Test Method for Effects of Flame Impingement on Materials Used in Protective Clothing Not Designated Primarily for Flame Resistance, with the following modifications:. (1) The test apparatus shall include the test cabinet and accessories, burner, and gas regulation system, as specified in Sections 6.1, 6.2, and 6.3 of ASTM D 6413, Standard Test Method for Flame Resistance of Textiles (Vertical Test). (2) A specimen shall have been considered to ignite during the 3-second exposure when the measured afterflame time exceeds 2.0 seconds Report Afterflame times shall be recorded and reported for each specimen and as the average for each material direction

88 Page 88 of 144 Burn distances shall be recorded and reported for each specimen and as the average for each material direction Ignition during the initial 3-second exposure shall be recorded and reported for each specimen Evidence of dripping, melting, or flowing during the 12-second exposure period shall be recorded and reported for each specimen Interpretation Ignition of any individual specimen during the initial 3-second exposure shall be used to determine compliance with the ignition requirements The longest average afterflame time in any direction shall be used to determine compliance with the afterflame requirements The longest average burn distance in any direction shall be used to determine compliance with burn distance requirements Evidence of melting, dripping, or flowing of any specimen shall be used to determine compliance with melting requirements Specific Requirements for Testing Base Ensemble Materials Only the 3-second flame exposure shall be used Burn distances and afterflame times shall only be determined for the 3-second exposure Specific Requirements for Testing Optional Chemical Flash Fire Protection Ensemble Materials. The full procedures in ASTM F 1358, Standard Test Method for Effects of Flame Impingement on Materials Used in Protective Clothing Not Designated Primarily for Flame Resistance, shall be used including both the 3-second and 12-second exposures. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_53_Formatted_Text_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 19:40:29 EST 2014

89 Page 89 of 144 Committee Statement: The proposed changes account for flame resistance performance consistent with field expectations for chemical protective clothing that may only incidentally contact flame or be exposed to high heat. Response Message: Public Input No. 180-NFPA [Section No. 8.7]

90 Page 90 of 144 First Revision No. 16-NFPA [ Section No. 8.8 ] 8.8 Overall Ensemble Inward Leakage Man-In-Simulant Test (MIST) Application. This test method shall apply to complete vapor-protective ensembles Sample Preparation. Samples Samples for conditioning shall be complete vapor-protective ensembles and shall include the respirator where the ensemble utilizes the respirator facepiece as the ensemble visor Samples shall be conditioned as specified in Specimens S The s pecimens shall be complete vapor-protective ensembles. a complete ensemble with gloves and footwear and shall include the respirator where applicable At least one specimen shall be tested. Where the ensemble utilizes the respirator facepiece as the ensemble visor, the ensemble shall be tested with each type or model of the respirator specified by the manufacturer Where the respirator is completely encapsulated by the ensemble, the ensemble shall be tested with a respirator specified by the manufacturer A minimum of four specimens shall be tested. The specimens shall represent a minimum of two different ensemble sizes Where the ensemble has multiple types of external fittings, each type of external fitting shall be present on each specimen at the time of testing Specimens shall be provided to fit or be adjustable to fit the selected test subjects in accordance with the manufacturer s sizing provisions that are specific to each ensemble * None of the ensembles or components of the ensemble to be tested shall have been previously subjected to MIST testing unless it can be demonstrated that the ensemble or components are free of contamination Underclothing and socks shall be permitted to be reused, provided they have been laundered with a detergent that has been demonstrated not to cause interference with the analytical method Apparatus Test Facility. Sulfur hexafluoride, CAS No , with a minimum purity of 99.8 percent, shall be used as the test agent The test facility shall include areas for dressing, a first stage undressing area adjacent and accessible to the chamber, and a second stage undressing area adjacent and accessible to the first stage undressing area.

91 Page 91 of The test shall be conducted in a sealed test chamber with a minimum volume of sufficient dimensions to permit free movement of the test subject(s) when fully dressed in the vapor-protective ensemble and for the test subject(s) to carry out the physical exercise routine specified in The chamber shall have a circulation fan or other means to ensure uniform concentration of the test agent throughout the chamber during the test The exact dimensions of the chamber shall be measured and shall be used to calculate the total volume of the chamber in order to determine the amount of sulfur hexafluoride gas to be added to achieve the required concentration specified in More than one test subject shall be permitted in the chamber at the same time, provided that they can complete all tasks completely in the appropriate time period and that they have an unobstructed direct path to the wind stream The test chamber shall have a circulation fan or other means to ensure uniform concentration of the test agent throughout the chamber during the test. temperature of 25 C, ± 2 C, relative humidity of 55 percent, ± 10 percent, and a nominal wind speed of 0.9 to 2.2 m/sec (2 to 5 mph). The average wind speed shall be 1.6 m/sec, ± 0.2 m/sec (3.5 mph, ± 0.5 mph) The test shall be conducted in a sealed test chamber with minimum volume of sufficient dimensions to permit free movement of the test subject when fully dressed in the vapor-protective ensemble The chamber shall have a circulation fan or other means to ensure uniform concentration of the test agent throughout the chamber during the test The exact dimensions of the chamber shall be measured and shall be used to calculate the total volume of the chamber in order to determine the amount of sulfur hexafluoride gas to be added to achieve the required concentration specified in Test Chemical and Analytical Equipment. Two calibrated portable pumps that are capable of maintaining a flow rate of 0.4 L/min, ±0.005 L/min, shall be provided The test simulant shall be methyl salicylate (MeS; C 8 H 8 O 3 ) CAS # , more commonly known as oil of wintergreen. The MeS minimum purity shall be 95 percent. Vapor doses shall be measured using Passive Adsorbent Dosimeters (PADs). Both pumps shall be placed outside the test chamber * The standard concentration of MeS in the vapor chamber shall be 100 mg/m 3, ± 15 mg/m 3, as measured by a real-time infrared analysis of the chamber air or other validated real-time analytical technique. Pump A shall have a gas stream selection valve with a minimum of four isolated stream settings. A stream setting shall be provided for each ensemble interior sampling location Infrared readings shall be taken every 60 seconds to verify compliance with the concentration requirement, and an air sample shall be taken at least every 10 minutes for validation of infrared readings Every step shall be taken to avoid generation of liquid aerosol.

92 Page 92 of The sensitivity of the analytical technique used for the measurement of MeS in the PADs shall provide a detection limit of 30 ng MeS per PAD. The analytical technique shall have an upper limit of quantification of 31,500 ng * Passive Adsorbent Dosimeters (PADs). One or more suit wall connectors shall be installed in the ensemble in such a manner that the fixtures do not interfere with the movement of the test subject and that the installation does not adversely affect the integrity of the ensemble. The test shall be conducted using PADs that affix directly to the skin of test subjects and that have the following characteristics: (1) The PADs shall be a foil packet, which contains an adsorbent material covered by a high-density polyethylene film that acts as a pseudo-skin barrier. (2) The PADs shall have an uptake rate of 3.0 cm/min or greater The one or more suit wall connectors shall permit the establishment of five separate airlines to pass into the suit One airline shall be designated as an air sample return port Each remaining airline shall consist of a 10 mm ( 3 8 in.) nominal outer diameter flexible tubing attached to the interior of the respective suit wall connector in such a manner as to allow the other end of the tubing to be attached to the required sampling locations on the test subject's body. Pinning tubing to the test subject's body shall be permitted Test Subjects All test subjects shall have a medical doctor's certificate that substantiates they are All test subjects shall be medically and physically suitable to perform these tests without danger to themselves. The A medical certificate for each test subject shall have been issued within 12 months prior to testing Test subjects shall be familiar with the use of vapor chemica l-protective ensembles and with self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) the selected CBRN SCBA. The test subject shall select the appropriate size of the vaporprotective ensemble from available sizes using the manufacturer's sizing chart All test subjects shall have a medical doctor's certificate that substantiates they are medically and physically suitable to perform these tests without danger to themselves. The medical certificate shall have been issued within 12 months prior to the testing Test subjects shall be familiar with the use of vapor chemica -protective ensembles and with self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) the selected CBRN SCBA. The test subject shall select the appropriate size of the vaporprotective ensemble from available sizes using the manufacturer's sizing chart Equal lengths of 3 mm ( 1 8 in.) nominal outer diameter flexible tubing shall be used to transfer air samples from sampling ports to sample pumps and back to the return port from the exhaust port of sample pump A One length of tubing shall be attached to the test chamber ceiling in such a manner that one end of the tubing hangs as close as possible to the center of the test chamber and the other end is attached to the intake port of sample pump B.

93 Page 93 of One length of tubing shall be attached to the respective suit wall connector exterior sampling port, with the other end attached to an inlet port on the gas stream selection valve on pump A One length of tubing shall be connected to the respective suit wall connector exterior and airline designated as the return port, with the other end of the tubing attached to the exhaust port of pump A Sample tubing shall be permitted to be joined together by means of hose clamps or taping in a manner that does not restrict airflow Sample tubing shall be permitted to be taped to the exterior of the ensemble to permit the reduction of hanging weight stress and strain on the suit wall connectors by the employment of one piece of duct tape no greater in length than 305 mm (12 in.). All tubing shall be taped together in no more than one location on the ensemble. The tape shall not cover any seams The total interior volume of each gas tubing sampling stream shall be determined for each sampling location At least 23 gastight sample bags shall be used to collect air samples. An adapter shall be used to connect the inlet valve of the sample bags to the exhaust ports of the pumps to facilitate changing of sample bags. The adapter shall not affect the integrity of the sampling system A thermometer sensor shall be placed in the test chamber in a manner allowing the test administrator to record the initial and final test chamber temperatures A syringe suitable for gas sampling and capable of delivering the required amount of sulfur hexafluoride into the chamber shall be placed in the test chamber with a sealed bag containing 10 percent v/v sulfur hexafluoride in nitrogen All test subjects shall have a medical doctor's certificate that substantiates they are All test subjects shall be medically and physically suitable to perform these tests without danger to themselves. The A medical certificate for each test subject shall have been issued within 12 months prior to the testing Test subjects shall be familiar with the use of vapor chemica -protective ensembles and with self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) the selected CBRN SCBA. The test subject shall select the appropriate size of the vaporprotective ensemble from available sizes using the manufacturer's sizing chart For consistency in testing, the SCBA used for all testing with the vapor-protective ensemble shall be certified as compliant with NFPA 1981, Standard on Open- Circuit Self-Contained Breathing Apparatus for Fire and Emergency Services, and shall be equipped with a fully charged 60-minute breathing air cylinder Procedure Interior sampling tubes Test subjects shall be pinned to the test subject as follows shall have followed pretrial procedures that include proper hydration and avoiding personal hygiene products that could contain MS. : One tube attached to the middle of the subject's back directly under the shoulder

94 Page 94 of 144 One tube attached to the sternum One tube attached to an extremity location on the forearm or calf One tube attached to the crotch Additional sampling locations shall be permitted if the testing apparatus allows such sampling PADs shall be placed on test subjects at the body region locations shown in Figure Figure Locations of PADs on Test Subjects All PADs shall be applied in a clean dressing area by personnel who have followed pretrial procedures to minimize contamination. Test subjects shall also follow pretrial procedures to minimize contamination Cheek PADs shall be located entirely within the respirator facepiece, and all other PADs shall be located entirely outside the seal of the respirator facepiece Three additional PADs shall be used to conduct background sampling and for quality control during the trial. These PADs shall be located in the dressing area, the stage 1 undress area, and the stage 2 undress area

95 Page 95 of 144 The test subject shall don the protective ensemble and respirator in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions in an area located away from the test chamber. Donning The test subject shall be accomplished without causing the restriction of flow through interior sampling tubes. Adjustment of tube pathways shall be permitted to connect the sample tubes to the interior sampling ports. wear clothing under the CBRN protective ensemble as specified by the manufacturer. If no undergarments are specified or required by the manufacturer as part of the certified ensemble, the test subject shall wear a short-sleeve cotton shirt and shorts or underwear Exterior sampling tubing and return tubing shall be attached to the exterior sampling ports and return port After sealing the ensemble, the test subject shall enter the test chamber, and the test chamber shall be sealed Sample pumps A and B shall be turned on and function at a flow rate of 0.4 L/min. Each pump shall be placed on hold while not actively performing purging or sampling At least one baseline sample set shall be taken prior to the addition of sulfur hexafluoride to the chamber A baseline sample shall consist of one test chamber air sample and one sample taken from each sampling location within the ensemble after sampling lines have been purged Sampling lines shall be purged for a duration of time that flushes the air volume completely out of the sampling lines twice. The gas sample return line to the ensemble shall be disconnected during this purge cycle. Ensemble air sampling shall be taken between purge cycles of each air sampling line. Purge cycles shall be employed for all inward leakage sampling Each air test sample shall be collected from the exhaust port of the sample pumps at a rate of 0.4 L/min, ±0.005 L/min for 1 minute, ±1 second Test chamber and ensemble baseline air samples shall be permitted to be taken simultaneously At the end of the baseline test chamber and ensemble air sampling periods, the sampling bags shall be removed from the pump, sealed, and stored. The gas sample return line shall be reconnected to the exhaust port of pump A. The removal of the gas sample return line from the exhaust port of pump A shall be permitted during sample acquisition The test subject shall add sufficient sulfur hexafluoride to achieve a concentration of 1000 ppm,±100 ppm on a volume basis. The air inside the chamber shall be allowed to reach equilibrium for a period of 1 minute, ±1 second prior to performing inward leakage testing At least three full sets of air samples from each sampling location shall be taken, and at least three sets of two test chamber samples shall be taken for inward leakage detection testing

96 Page 96 of 144 At the conclusion of the challenge agent equilibrium period, the test subject shall perform one series of stationary exercises for each of the three air test sample sets. The stationary exercise shall be as specified in Procedure A of ASTM F 1154, Standard Practice for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort, Fit, Function, and Integrity of Chemical Protective Suit Ensembles, as modified by The stationary exercises specified in Procedure A of ASTM F 1154, Standard Practice for Qualitatively Evaluating the Comfort, Fit, Function, and Integrity of Chemical Protective Suit Ensembles, shall be performed with the following modifications: At the conclusion of the duck squat exercise specified in of ASTM F 1154, test subjects shall remain in a squatting position and exhaust as much of the internal volume of the suit as possible by placing their hands on top of their heads, tucking their arms in toward their bodies, and gathering as much of the excess ensemble material to the body as possible. The test subject shall then resume the exercise protocol as specified in Procedure A of ASTM F For each exercise protocol, at least two test chamber air samples shall be collected while the test subject is performing the exercise protocol At least one sample from each ensemble sampling location shall be taken after the completion of each exercise protocol. The test subject shall be allowed to rest while the ensemble samples are acquired At the conclusion of the three exercise series and collection of chamber and ensemble air samples, the test subject exits the chamber and doffs the vaporprotective ensemble in an area well away from the chamber All samples collected shall be analyzed using an appropriate analytical technique within 8 hours of collection. The sensitivity of the analytic technique chosen shall provide for a minimum detection limit of at least 0.2 ppm in order to determine compliance with Alternate plumbing of gastight sample tubing streams directly into analytical equipment shall be permitted if the device meets the criteria required in and each required measurement is able to be individually acquired The test duration will be 30 minutes in the chamber with a 5-minute decontamination period The start of the test, in which the test subject enters the MIST chamber, shall be initiated within 60 minutes after removal of the ensemble from the conditioning environment Physical Exercise Routine Once the chamber concentration has been established, the test subject(s) shall perform the following physical activity protocol and the chamber concentration shall remain within acceptable limits during the exercise protocol:

97 Page 97 of 144 (1) Drag 70 kg (154 lb) human dummy using both hands a distance of 10 m (33 ft) over a 15-second period. Stop and rest for 15 seconds. Repeat exercise twice. (2) Duck squat, pivot right, pivot left, stand. Rotate orientation 90 degrees to wind stream between each repetition. Repeat exercise twice in each orientation for a total of 1 minute. (3) Stand erect. With arms at sides, bend body to left and return, bend body forward and return, bend body to right and return. Rotate orientation 90 degrees to wind stream between each repetition. Repeat exercise twice in each orientation for a total of 1 minute. (4) Stand erect. Extend arms overhead in the lateral direction, then bend elbows. Extend arms overhead in the frontal direction, then bend elbows. Rotate orientation 90 degrees to wind stream between each repetition. Repeat exercise twice in each orientation for a total of 1 minute. (5) Stand erect. Extend arms perpendicular to the sides of torso. Twist torso left and return, twist torso right and return. Rotate orientation 90 degrees to wind stream between each repetition. Repeat exercise twice in each orientation for a total of 1 minute. (6) Stand erect. Reach arms across chest completely to opposite sides. Rotate orientation 90 degrees to wind stream between each repetition. Repeat exercise twice in each orientation for a total of 1 minute. (7) Climb two steps of the ladder and touch the ceiling with one hand (use alternate hands each time). Climb down, squat, and touch the floor with both hands. Repeat exercise three times within 1 minute. (8) Crawl in place for 1 minute. Rotate orientation 90 degrees to wind stream every 15 seconds. (9) Sit on stool (facing wind) for 1 minute. (10) Sit on stool (back to wind) for 1 minute Physical activities and rest periods shall be performed in a chamber location that provides an unobstructed exposure of the protective ensemble to the required wind stream Each physical activity and rest cycle shall be 10 minutes. The cycle of exercise and rest shall be completed a total of three times, for a total chamber exposure of 30 minutes. Each exercise cycle shall consist of eight 1-minute activities followed by a 2-minute rest (sitting) period The test subject shall begin the first repetition of each activity facing the wind stream and shall rotate 90 degrees between each repetition until the time period for that exercise has ended For activities (7) (walking in place) and (8) (crawling in place), the test subject shall rotate 90 degrees on 15-second intervals during the 1-minute period All physical activities shall be a full range of motion and performed at a moderate speed Decontamination and Doffing

98 Page 98 of 144 After completion of the 30-minute MIST exposure, the test subjects shall move to a decontamination area, where they shall remain for at least 5 minutes. This area shall be well ventilated to assist in off-gassing of the outside of the ensemble In the decontamination area, all exposed ensemble surfaces, including such items as the respirator, boots, gloves, and helmets, shall be washed with a liquid soap solution If the garment is designed for wet decontamination, it shall be washed with the liquid soap solution as well Alternative decontamination methods, such as an air wash, shall be permitted if the selected decontamination method can be demonstrated to remove MeS to levels that do not result in contamination of the test subjects during the doffing of the protective ensemble The decontaminated test subject shall move to the first stage undressing room where all remaining items of clothing, except for underclothes, shall be doffed. The undress process shall not exceed 5 minutes As soon as the garment is unsealed and the PADs on the test subject s body are exposed to the ambient atmosphere in the first stage undressing room, three fresh PADs shall be placed near the test subject to detect background MeS concentrations As soon as all items of clothing, except the underwear, are removed, the decontaminated test subject shall proceed to the second stage undressing room and the background PADs shall be collected and handled as specified in The exposure time for the first stage undressing room background PADs shall be recorded When the test subject enters the second stage undressing room, three additional PADs shall be placed near the test subject and the exposure PADs shall be removed from the test subject s body. Both the second stage undressing room background PADs and the exposure PADs taken off the test subject s body shall be handled as specified in The exposure time for the second stage undressing room PADs shall be recorded Where an adhesive is used on the back of the PADs, each PAD shall be backed with aluminum foil, placed in individual sealed glass vials with a nonadsorbent lid liner, and shall remain at room temperature of 25 C, ±3 C (77 F, ± 5 F) for 30 min, ± 5 min, immediately after exposure PAD Qualification and Analysis The uptake rate for each lot of PADs shall be determined in accordance with using a minimum of seven PADs selected randomly from the lot * Measurement of PAD Uptake Rate PAD uptake rate shall be measured by exposing PADs in a small-scale chamber under the following conditions: (1) The concentration of MeS shall be 1 mg/m 3, ± 0.5 mg/m 3. (2) The temperature shall be 35 C, ± 2 C (94 F ± 4 F).

99 Page 99 of 144 (3) The relative humidity shall be 55 percent, ± 20 percent. (4) The flow of MeS in the humidified air or nitrogen shall be at a rate of 1 cm/sec, ± 0.2 cm/sec over the PAD. (5) The exposure shall be conducted for a period of 30 minutes, +1/-0 minutes The PAD uptake rate shall be calculated in accordance with the procedures provided in The average of all PAD uptake rates shall be calculated and used in the calculation of MeS dosage on the test subject PADs After their initial 30 minutes at room temperature, the PADs shall be subjected to one of the following handling and analysis procedures: (1) The PADs shall be stored at a cold temperature sufficient to prevent the migration of MeS from the adhesive until extraction or analysis. (2) The PADS shall be extracted within 4 hours. (3) The adsorbent shall be removed and thermally desorbed within 4 hours The determination of a sufficiently low temperature that prevents migration of the MeS from the adhesive shall be made by exposing 12 pads simultaneously in the test chamber in a vertical position at a concentration of 100 mg/m 3 of MeS for 30 min, +5 min, -0 min. After this exposure, the PADs shall be covered in foil and each placed in a sealed container and stored at 25 C, ±3 C (77 F, ± 5 F) for 30 min, ± 5 min. Four of these PADs shall be packed in dry ice for 24 hours, four placed in the proposed cold storage temperature for 24 hours, and four extracted or analyzed within 4 hours. The average mass absorbed on the four PADs stored at the proposed storage temperature shall equal with 95% confidence the after four PADs stored for 24 hour in dry ice and four PADs analyzed immediately after exposure Where liquid extraction of the PADs samples is performed, the liquid extracts shall be stored at 0 C to 4 C (32 F to 39 F) for up to 14 days following their exposure before analysis where: u = the uptake rate in cm/min m = the total mass of MeS measured on the PAD in mg A = the average active area of the PAD in cm 2 Ct = the exposure vapor dosage in mg/min/cm 3 The actual MeS vapor exposure concentration and the actual time of exposure shall be used to determine the uptake rate from the following equation: The range of the analytical technique shall be sufficient to measure the expected range of MeS dosage on the test subject PADs [ ]

100 Page 100 of 144 When liquid extraction is used as the analytical technique, the calibration curve used for determining the equipment response to MeS shall be established using at least 4 MeS concentration standards accounting for the proper density of the extraction solvent For the test results to be considered valid for a given ensemble, no more than one PAD from each of the body region locations tested (i.e., no more than one PAD out of the four replicates for any particular region) shall be permitted to be lost to analysis over the course of the four test subjects Calculations The dosage measured by each PAD (Ct inside,i ) shall be determined using the average uptake rate determined for the PAD lot used in the evaluation of a specific ensemble using the following equation: where: Ct inside.i = the MeS vapor dosage at the specific PAD in mg/min/cm 3 m i u avg = the total mass of MeS measured on the specific PAD in mg = the average uptake of the PAD lot in cm/min A = the average active area of the PA in cm The protection factor at each PAD location shall be calculated using the following equation: [ ] [ ] where the Ct outside shall be determined from the measured chamber vapor dosage of the individual trial over the entire exposure. The value for Ct outside shall be the average of the chamber MeS concentration readings taken during the course of the test subject exposure period Where the measured total mass of MeS for a given PAD falls below 30 ng, the value of 30 ng shall be used for that specific PAD All results for each PAD location shall be expressed in terms of the local physiological protective dosage factor (PPDF) value and shall be calculated according to the following equation: * The site-specific onset of symptoms exposure dosages OSED for each PAD shall be based on ECt 10 values for mustard blistering/ulceration according to Table Table Site-Specific OSED by PAD Location [ ]

101 Page 101 of 144 Head/neck Body Region Torso/buttocks (excluding perineum) Arm/hand PAD Location 1, 1A, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 19, 19A , 12, 13, 13A, 14, 14A, , 8, 9, 10, 10A, 20, 20A 50 Leg/foot 17, 17A, 18, 18A, Perineum 16, 16A 25 OSED (mg min m - 3 ) The average local PPDF values at each PAD location for all specimens tested shall be calculated A systemic PPDF shall also be calculated from the PAD data. The systemic protection analysis shall use the systemic weighting body region hazard analysis values from the Defense Research Establishment Suffield Report and National Research Council Report to calculate the systemic physiological protective dosage factor for each ensemble test (PPDF sys ). The PPDF sys for each specimen is calculated as follows, where each of the terms is calculated using the information in Table

102 Page 102 of 144 Table ED 50 i Values by PAD and Body Location Body Region i for BRHA Model PADs Mapped to This Region (Average Dosage from Each PAD, Then Calculate PF i ) Area of Body Region ( dz i, cm 2 ) Scalp 1,1A Ears 2, Face, cheeks, and neck 4,5,19,19A Chin and neck 4, Nape Abdomen 13A Back 11,12,14A Axillae Upper arm medial Upper arm lateral Elbow fold 8,9,10,10A Elbow 8,9,10,10A Forearm extensor 10,10A Forearm flexor 10,10A Hands dorsum 20,20A Hands palmar 20,20A Buttocks Groin 13, Scrotum 16,16A Thigh anterior 17,17A Thigh posterior 17,17A Knee 17,17A,18,18A Popliteal space (back of knees) 17,17A,18,18A Shins 18,18A Calves 18,18A Feet dorsum Feet plantar ED 50 i for Severe Effects (VX) for Body Region (mg/individual)

103 Page 103 of The average PPDF sys for all specimens tested shall be calculated Report The individual specimen and average local PPDF i values for each PAD location shall be recorded and reported The PPDFsys value for each specimen and the average PPDF sys value for the ensemble tes shall be recorded and reported A spreadsheet shall be prepared that shows all test measurements and calculations, includi least the following: (1) The MeS vapor exposure concentration for PAD lot qualification (2) The exposure time used for PAD lot qualification (3) The measured MeS mass on each PAD used for PAD lot qualification (4) Each individual and the average PAD uptake rate (5) The measured MeS mass on each PAD used in the dressing room, stage 1 undressing room, and stage 2 undressing room. (6) The measured MeS mass on each PAD placed on the test subject (7) The calculated vapor dosage for each PAD placed on the test subject Interpretation. The average local PPDF i values at each PAD location and the average PPDF sys value sha used to determine pass or fail performance Report. The percent inward leakage of sulfur hexafluoride into the ensemble shall be calculated, recorded, and reported based on the measured concentration inside the ensemble versus th average measured concentration in the test chamber for each sampling location using the following equation: Interpretation. Failure at any sampling location shall constitute failure of the test. Supplemental Information File Name MIST_Paper_NCSU.pdf 1994_12Tables.docx NFPA_1991_FR_16_Formatted_Text_edited.docx Description includes annex text

104 Page 104 of 144 Submittal Date: Wed Feb 19 16:05:17 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The proposed change provides a change to an industry standardized method for measuring inward leakage of gases used in other standards within the project. See white paper provided by North Carolina State University (see attached document). The technical committee is proactively addressing the expected limited availability of SF6 for test implementation by replacing the inward leakage test with the MIST test. Response Message: Public Input No. 175-NFPA [Section No. 8.8]

105 Page 105 of 144 First Revision No. 54-NFPA [ Section No ] This test shall apply to vapor-protective suit elements and visor materials. Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 19:51:59 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The test within the current nfpa edition does not properly evaluate visors for burst. Public Input No. 23-NFPA [Section No ]

106 Page 106 of 144 First Revision No. 55-NFPA [ Section No ] Cut resistance testing shall be performed under a load of 200 g 150 g (7 oz 5.5 oz ). Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 19:52:57 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Correlating the cut resistance requirements in NFPA 1991 to all other standards in the project. In the last revision cycle of NFPA 1991, the ASTM F 1790 test method was updated to the 2005 edition, but at that time it was not realized that the method was changed in a manner to make it more severe. As a result, a TIA was submitted to reduce the weight used in the test for gloves. No other adjustment was made. Since that time, this same change was made in other standards within the project either through TIA s or during revision cycles. However, along with the weight reductions, the requirement was also reduces from 25 mm to 20 mm. NFPA 1991 is the only standard within the project where this change was not incorporated. Response Message: Public Input No. 66-NFPA [Section No ]

107 Page 107 of 144 First Revision No. 56-NFPA [ Section No ] Cut resistance testing shall be performed under a load of 400 g 350 g (14 oz 12.5 oz ). Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 19:54:05 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Correlating the cut resistance requirements in NFPA 1991 to all other standards in the project. In the last revision cycle of NFPA 1991, the ASTM F 1790 test method was updated to the 2005 edition, but at that time it was not realized that the method was changed in a manner to make it more severe. As a result, a TIA was submitted to reduce the weight used in the test for gloves. No other adjustment was made. Since that time, this same change was made in other standards within the project either through TIA s or during revision cycles. However, along with the weight reductions, the requirement was also reduces from 25 mm to 20 mm. NFPA 1991 is the only standard within the project where this change was not incorporated. Response Message: Public Input No. 67-NFPA [Section No ]

108 Page 108 of 144 First Revision No. 57-NFPA [ Section No ] Procedure. Specimens shall be tested in accordance with ASTM F 1342, Standard Test Method for Resistance of Protective Clothing Materials to Puncture. Test Method A, conducting three punctures per specimen with the modifications listed in through A mm (0.01 in.) thick, ultrahigh molecular weight, high-density polyethylene shall be used as a standard reference material Puncture probes shall be qualified first before use in testing by showing an average puncture resistance of 10.3 N (2.3 lbf) The compression load cell shall be capable of discerning 0.5 N (0.1 lbf) of force in the range suitable for the material being tested. The upper limit of the load cell shall not be more than 10 times the actual puncture resistance measured for the specimens. Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 19:57:43 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: Adding a verification procedure and reference material to test method Public Input No. 68-NFPA [Section No ]

109 Page 109 of 144 First Revision No. 58-NFPA [ Section No ] Application. This test method shall apply to suit materials, visor materials, glove materials, and footwear element upper materials. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 07:29:51 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee wants to clarify which materials need to be tested.

110 Page 110 of 144 First Revision No. 59-NFPA [ Section No ] Apparatus. The test apparatus specified in ISO 17492, Clothing for protection against heat and flame Determination of heat transmission on exposure to both flame and radiant heat ASTM F 2700, Standard Test Method for Unsteady-State Heat Transfer Evaluation of Flame Resistant Materials for Clothing with Continuous Heating, shall be used. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 07:40:46 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is adding this reference for consistency with other documents in the project.

111 Page 111 of 144 First Revision No. 60-NFPA [ Section No ] Procedure. Global FR-74 Hide Deleted TPP H eat transfer performance testing shall be performed in accordance with ISO 17492, Clothing for protection against heat and flame Determination of heat transmission on exposure to both flame and radiant heat, shall be used ASTM F 2700, Standard for Test Method for Unsteady-State Heat Transfer Evaluation of Flame Resistant Materials for Clothing with Continous Heating, with the following modifications: (1) An exposure heat flux of 84 kw/m 2 (2.0 cal/cm 2 s) shall be used. The optional spacer shall not be used. (2) The contact configuration shall be used for testing of all material specimens. The heat transfer performance value shall be used with calculations made using the heat flux in calories per square centimeter per second and reported as the HTP rating. The thermal threshold index analysis method shall be used with calculations made using the heat flux in calories per square centimeter per second and reported as the TPP rating. T-150 quartz tubes shall be used. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 07:42:52 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is adding this reference for consistency with other documents in the PC&E project.

112 Page 112 of 144 First Revision No. 61-NFPA [ Section No ] If an individual result from any test set varies more than ±8 ± 10 percent from the average result, the results from the test set shall be discarded and another set of specimens shall be tested. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 07:50:14 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is making this change for consistency with other documents in the PC&E project.

113 Page 113 of 144 First Revision No. 62-NFPA [ Section No ] 8.19 Puncture Resistance Test Two Application. This test method shall apply to vapor-protective footwear element soles Sample Preparation Samples shall be footwear sole sections Samples shall be conditioned as specified in Specimens Specimens shall be footwear sole sections At least three specimens shall be tested Procedure. Puncture resistance shall be performed in accordance with Section 5 of ANSI Z41, Standard for Personal Protection Protective Footwear Report. The force required to puncture the sole reinforcement device of each specimen shall be recorded and reported Interpretation. One or more footwear specimens failing this test shall constitute failing performance. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 07:53:00 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The Technical Committee is deleting this test method because it is contained in ASTM F2413. Public Input No. 62-NFPA [Section No. 8.19]

114 Page 114 of 144 First Revision No. 63-NFPA [ Section No ] 8.19 Abrasion Resistance Test Application. This test method shall apply to vapor-protective footwear element soles with heels Samples Preparation Samples for conditioning shall be uniform cylinders of footwear soles and heel material Samples shall be conditioned as specified in Specimens Specimens shall be footwear soles At least A minimum of three specimens of the footwear soles and heel material shall be tested Procedure. Abrasion resistance shall be performed in accordance with ASTM D 1630, Standard Test Method for Rubber Property Abrasion Resistance (NBS Abrader) ISO 4649, Rubber, vulcanized or thermoplastic Determination of abrasion resistance using a rotating cylindrical drum device, Method A, with a vertical force of over 10 N over an abrasion distance of 40 m Report. The abrasion resistance rating relative loss volume of each specimen shall be recorded and reported Interpretation. One or more footwear specimens failing this test shall constitute failing performance. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_63_Formatted_Text_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 07:55:12 EST 2014

115 Page 115 of 144 Committee Statement: The proposed change in test method accounts for the changes to the project test methods for footwear abrasion resistance. This change was made partly to the unavailability of the abradant and standard rubber compound specified in ASTM D1630, which was formerly specified. Response Message: Public Input No. 81-NFPA [Section No. 8.20]

116 Page 116 of 144 First Revision No. 64-NFPA [ Section No ] 8.21 Impact and Compression Test Application. This test method shall apply to the toe section of vapor-protective footwear elements Sample Preparation Samples shall be complete footwear toes Samples shall be conditioned as specified in Specimens Specimens shall be complete footwear toes At least three specimens shall be tested Procedure. Footwear specimens shall be tested in accordance with Section 1.4 of ANSI Z41, Standard for Personal Protection Protective Footwear Report. The impact and compression forces for each specimen shall be recorded and reported Interpretation. One or more footwear specimens failing this test shall constitute failing performance. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 07:56:46 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The Technical Committee is deleting this section because the test method is contained in ASTM F2413 Public Input No. 63-NFPA [Section No. 8.21]

117 Page 117 of 144 First Revision No. 65-NFPA [ Section No ] 8.21 Slip Resistance Test Application. This test method shall apply to vapor-protective footwear element soles Sample Preparation. Samples Samples shall be complete footwear Samples shall be conditioned as specified in ISO 13287, Personal Protective Equipment Footwear Test Method for Slip Resistance Specimens Specimens shall be complete footwear heels and ball of soles elements in men s size 9D, medium width, or equivalent At least three specimens of footwear heels and at least three specimens of ball of soles shall be tested Procedure. Slip resistance testing shall be performed in accordance with ASTM F 489, Standard Test Method for Static Coefficient of Friction of Shoe Sole and Heel Materials as Measured by the James Machine, for a dry condition. ISO 13287, Personal Protective Equipment Footwear Test Method for Slip Resistance, in the following configurations and references to any other flooring and/or contaminate within ISO shall not apply: (1) Footwear shall be tested both in the forepart and heel positions. (2) Footwear shall be tested in the wet condition. The wet condition shall be achieved using distilled or de-ionized water. The water shall be applied to thoroughly wet the testing surface and make a pool at least as wide and as long as the test portion of the footwear in the area of initial contact. (3) Footwear shall be tested on a quarry tile surface that meets the following specifications: (a) (b) (c) (d) The surface is a flat, unglazed clay quarry tile that is wider than the test specimen and long enough to allow a sliding distance of at least 75 mm (3 in.) without crossing a joint. The surface is sufficiently flat to allow it to be secured on the mounting table such that no movement occurs between the tile and the mounting table during the test. The surface has a ribbed profile or directional marking on the underside to identify the direction in which the tile should be aligned (with the ribs parallel to the sliding direction). The surface conforms to the values specified in Table where calibrated by the Slider 96 method. (4) Calibration of the quarry tiles shall be checked after every 10 tests or prior to each day of testing, whichever is less frequent, to ensure that they are not being worn smooth or otherwise damaged. Table Calibration Values for Quarry Tiles

118 Page 118 of 144 Dry CoF Minimum Maximus Wet CoF Report. The static coefficient of friction average of four readings obtained from each heel and each ball of sole shall be recorded and reported as the average of a total footwear sole The coefficient of friction of each specimen shall be recorded and reported The average coefficient of friction of all specimens for each configuration shall be calculated, recorded, and reported Interpretation. One or more footwear specimens failing this test shall constitute failing The average coefficient of friction for each configuration shall be used to determine pass/fail performance. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_65_Formatted_Text_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 08:00:09 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Revised performance requirement to reflect new whole footwear slip testing. This will bring this requirement in line with other documents in the project. Response Message: Public Input No. 58-NFPA [Section No. 8.23]

119 Page 119 of 144 First Revision No. 66-NFPA [ New Section after ] Closure samples shall be permitted to be individual samples cut to specimen width. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 08:02:19 EST 2014 : The TC is adding this section to allow for tacking of the closure. Response Message:

120 Page 120 of 144 First Revision No. 67-NFPA [ New Section after ] Closure specimens shall be permitted to be 25 mm ± 6 mm (1 in. ± 1 4 in.) larger than the required specimen size. The specimen edges of the closure shall be permitted to be secured. Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 08:05:18 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The technical committee is providing this requirement to permit the tacking of the closure.

121 Page 121 of 144 First Revision No. 52-NFPA [ New Section after 8.27 ] 8.26 Manikin Test Specimens Three specimens shall be tested Fabrics to be tested shall be used to construct the standard garment design specified in of ASTM F 1930, Test Method for Evaluation of Flame Resistant Clothing for Protection Against Flash Fire Simulations Using an Instrumented Manikin Procedure Specimens shall be tested in accordance with ASTM F 1930, Test Method for Evaluation of Flame Resistant Clothing for Protection Against Flash Fire Simulations Using an Instrumented Manikin, using an exposure heat flux of 84 kw/m 2 (2.02 cal/cm 2 -sec) with an exposure time of 6 seconds The manikin shall be dressed in 150 g/m 2 (4.5 oz/yd 2 ) (± 5 percent), jersey knit, 100 percent cotton underwear briefs and short-sleeved crew-neck T-shirts before the garment specimen is placed on the manikin. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991FR_52_Text_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Thu Feb 20 19:27:18 EST 2014 Committee Statement: This addition of the Manikin Test will provide for improved user protection by establishing minimum burn requirements during a full scale chemical flash scenario. Response Message: Public Input No. 173-NFPA [New Section after 8.27]

122 Page 122 of ] First Revision No. 68-NFPA [ Sections , , Apparatus A human-form mannequin manikin shall be used to support the protective suit during chemical flash fire testing. The mannequin manikin shall be coated with a suitable flame-retardant coating A one-piece flame-retardant coverall shall be placed over the mannequin manikin The protective ensemble to be tested shall be placed on the mannequin manikin, over the flame-resistant clothing, in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions A flash chamber shall be constructed as illustrated in Figure and shall include the following: (1) It shall have an internal width and depth of 2 m, ±100 mm (6 1 2 ft, ±4 in.) and a height of 2.5 m, ±200 mm (8 ft, ±8 in.). (2) It shall be constructed of 50 mm 100 mm (2 in. 4 in.) framing lumber or other suitable structural material. Fire wall Firewall, 20 mm ( 3 4 in.), or other suitable flame-resistant paneling, shall be used on the opposite two walls of the chamber walls. A piece of 13 mm ( 1 2 in.) heat-tempered safety glass of sufficient size shall be used on the remaining opposite chamber walls for multiple viewing points during testing. At least one of the glass walls shall be attached by a means that allows for easy removal of the mannequin. Both glass walls shall be configured to achieve gastight seals with the chamber. (3) All fire wall seams The chamber shall be taped and the interior walls of the chamber coated sealed with a suitable flame-retardant resistant material to provide a gastight seal when the door is closed.. (4) It shall have a port for filling the chamber with propane gas located as shown in Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure Figure The port shall allow isolation of the propane source through a valve. The port shall be leakfree with respect to the outside environment. (5) It shall have two ports for electric ignitors located as in Figure Figure Figure Figure It shall have a minimum of two ports for electric igniters located on one wall of the chamber. The ports shall be positioned at heights on the chamber wall such that the propane will ignite immediately once triggered. The port shall be leakfree with respect to the outside environment. (6) It shall have a top that allows containment of propane gas within the chamber during filling and venting of flash pressure after ignition. (7) A suitable stand that allows the mannequin manikin to be positioned 305 mm, ± 25 mm (1 ft, ±1 in.) above the chamber floor shall be constructed. (8) The flash fire chamber shall be located so that testing is performed at a temperature of 24 C, ± 11 C (75 F, ± 20 F) and a relative humidity of 70 percent, ± 25 percent. Tests shall not be conducted outdoors during precipitation.

123 Page 123 of 144 Figure Overall Ensemble Chemical Flash Chamber Verification of Flash Exposure Prior to testing each day, thermocouples shall be placed in the empty chamber so that temperature measurements are taken at the following heights from the floor: 30 cm (12 in.), 76 cm (30 in.), 122 cm (48 in.), 168 cm (66 in.), and 213 cm (84 in.). All heights are ± 2.5 cm (± 1 in.) A data acquisition system shall be used to collect the temperature readings during the burn exposure and shall be sufficient to provide at least 1 temperature reading per second for each thermocouple used Propane gas, at 99 percent purity or better, shall be metered into the chamber at a delivery pressure of kpa, ± 13.8 kpa (25 psi, ±2 psi) and rate of 0.16 m 3 /min, ± 0.01 m 3 /min (5 1 2 ft 3 /min, ± 1 2 ft 3 /min). The concentration of propane within the chamber shall be sufficient to produce a visible chemical flash fire lasting 7 seconds, ±1 second. The concentration of the propane shall be permitted to be checked by a combustible gas meter or similar detector. for 2 minutes ±1 minute to produce a visible chemical flash fire lasting 7 seconds, ± 1 second. The exact time that it takes to produce a visible chemical flash fire lasting 7 seconds, ± 1 shall be recorded. The concentration of the propane shall be permitted to be checked by a combustible gas meter or similar detector After determination of the adequate time to create a 7-second, ± 1 second flash fire exposure, the data collected from the thermocouples shall be evaluated to determine the maximum temperatures reached during the exposure at each height location. The maximum average temperature of all locations shall be within a temperature range of 650 C to 1150 C (1202 F to 2102 F) Procedure Each protective ensemble selected shall be tested for gastight integrity in accordance with ASTM F 1052, Standard Test Method for Pressure Testing of Vapor-Protective Ensembles The suited mannequin shall be placed on the stand in the center of the flash chamber in an upright stationary position

124 Page 124 of 144 Propane gas, at 99 percent purity or better, shall be metered into the chamber at a delivery pressure of kpa, ±13.8 kpa (25 psi, ±2 psi) and rate of 0.16 m 3 /min, ±0.01 m 3 /min (5 1 2 ft 3 /min, ± 1 2 ft 3 /min). The concentration of propane within the chamber shall be sufficient to produce a visible chemical flash fire lasting 7 seconds, ±1 second. The concentration of the propane shall be permitted to be checked by a combustible gas meter or similar detector A gastight integrity test shall be performed on the ensemble in accordance with Section 8.2 prior to the chemical flash fire exposure The suited manikin shall be placed on the stand in the center of the flash chamber in an upright stationary position Propane gas, at 99 percent purity or better, shall be metered into the chamber at a delivery pressure of kpa, ± 13.8 kpa (25 psi, ± 2 psi) and rate of 0.16 m 3 /min, ± 0.01 m 3 /min (5 1 2 ft 3 /min, ± 1 2 ft 3 /min). The concentration of propane within the chamber shall be sufficient to produce a visible chemical flash fire lasting 7 seconds, ±1 second. The concentration of the propane shall be permitted to be checked by a combustible gas meter or similar detector The flash chamber shall be viewed at both vantage points, front and back, throughout the test. Video documentation shall also be conducted from the front vantage point The chamber atmosphere shall be remotely ignited at 30 seconds, ±5 seconds after the chamber has been filled with propane gas The suited mannequin manikin shall not be removed until all surfaces have cooled to ambient temperature The protective ensemble shall be removed from the mannequin manikin and examined visually for physical signs of damage from thermal exposure Global FR-90 Hide Deleted A gastight integrity test shall be performed on the ensemble in accordance with Section 8.2, Gastight Integrity Test, following the chemical flash fire exposure Following gastight integrity testing, the ensemble shall be donned by a test subject and evaluated for visual acuity The test subject shall have a minimum visual acuity of 20/20 in each eye, uncorrected or corrected with contact lenses, as determined in a visual acuity test or doctor's examination Visual acuity testing from within the ensemble shall be conducted using a standard 6.1 m (20 ft) eye chart with a normal lighting range of 100 to 150 ft- candles at the chart and with the test subject positioned at a distance of 6.1 m (20 ft) from the chart The test subject shall then read the standard eye chart through the lens of the SCBA facepiece and ensemble visor(s) to determine his or her visual acuity All testing shall be performed at a temperature of 24 C, ±11 C (75 F, ±20 F) and a relative humidity of 70 percent, ±25 percent. Tests shall not be conducted outdoors during precipitation.

125 Page 125 of Report The before and after gastight integrity test results, afterflame time, and visor clarity shall be recorded and reported for each test specimen An illustration of the protective ensemble, as shown in Figure , shall be prepared, and the location of any damage shall be recorded and reported. Damage shall include but not be limited to charring, blistering, evidence of material melting, delamination, or destruction of any ensemble components. Figure Suit Diagram (for noting damage locations) The verification burn visible chemical flash fire time shall be recorded and reported The verification burn maximum average temperature of all locations shall be recorded and reported Separate illustrations shall be prepared for over covers if tested with the protective ensemble. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_68_Formatted_edited.docx Description

126 Page 126 of 144 Submittal Date: Fri Feb 21 08:15:02 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The Task Group identified multiple concerns with current procedure and the variability in test results. Inconsistent procedures were noted in the conduct of the test due lack of testing apparatus specifications and no verification procedure. Chamber verification testing was performed at UL using thermocouples to measure temperatures at various heights in the center of the chamber (see attached data). This verification procedure has been included in the test method for recording and reporting procedures. Other items were introduced into the test method to reduce variability. Response Message: Public Input No. 101-NFPA [Sections , , ]

127 Page 127 of 144 First Revision No. 86-NFPA [ New Section after ] 8.30 Visor Puncture Resistance Test Application This test shall apply to visor materials Where the visor is constructed of several layers, then all layers, assembled in the order in which they appear in the suit, shall be tested as a composite Sample Preparation Samples shall be at least 2 m 2 (2 yd 2 ) of material Samples shall be conditioned as specified in Specimens Specimens shall be 450 mm 305 mm A minimum of five specimens shall be tested Procedure. Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Section 9.13 of ANSI Z87.1, American National Standard for Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Face Protective Devices, with the following modifications: (1) Visor material shall be securely mounted to the test fixture as shown in Figure (2) The sample number shall be indicated. (3) The impact location shall be in the center of the visor Report Visible penetration of the impactor shall be recorded and reported Interpretation Penetration on any single impact shall be used to determine compliance. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_86_Text_edited.docx Description

128 Page 128 of 144 Submittal Date: Sat Mar 08 15:49:48 EST 2014 Committee Statement: The Technical Committee is adding a test for visor puncture resistance. Response Message:

129 Page 129 of 144 First Revision No. 87-NFPA [ New Section after ] 8.28 Visor Drop-Ball Impact Resistance Test Application This test shall apply to visor materials Where the visor is constructed of several layers, then all layers, assembled in the order in which they appear in the suit, shall be tested as a composite Sample Preparation Samples shall be at least 2 m 2 (2 yd 2 ) of material Samples shall be conditioned as specified in Specimens Specimens shall be 450 mm 305 mm A minimum of five specimens shall be tested Procedure. Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Section 9.6 of ANSI Z87.1, American National Standard for Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Face Protective Devices, with the following modifications: (1) Visor material shall be securely mounted to the test fixture as shown in Figure (2) The sample number shall be indicated. (3) The impact location shall be in the center of the visor. Figure Test Fixture.

130 Page 130 of Report Visible penetration or full-thickness cracks shall be recorded and reported Interpretation Penetration or full-thickness cracking on any single impact shall be used to determine compliance. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_87_Text_edited.docx Description Submittal Date: Sat Mar 08 15:54:05 EST 2014

131 Page 131 of 144 Committee Statement: Response Message: The Technical Committee is adding a new impact test for evaluating visor toughness. For visors this test is more appropriate than the Ball Burst test.

132 Page 132 of 144 First Revision No. 88-NFPA [ New Section after ] 8.29 Visor High-Mass Impact Resistance Test Application This test shall apply to visor materials Where the visor is constructed of several layers, then all layers, assembled in the order in which they appear in the suit, shall be tested as a composite Sample Preparation Samples shall be at least 2 m 2 (2 yd 2 ) of material Samples shall be conditioned as specified in Specimens Specimens shall be 450 mm 305 mm A minimum of five specimens shall be tested Procedure. Specimens shall be tested in accordance with Section 9.11 of ANSI Z87.1, American National Standard for Occupational and Educational Personal Eye and Face Protective Devices, with the following modifications: (1) Visor material shall be securely mounted to the test fixture as shown in Figure (2) The sample number shall be indicated. (3) The impact location shall be in the center of the visor Report Visible penetration or full-thickness cracks shall be recorded and reported Interpretation Penetration or full-thickness cracking on any single impact shall be used to determine compliance. Supplemental Information File Name NFPA_1991_FR_88_Text_edited.docx Description

133 Page 133 of 144 Submittal Date: Sat Mar 08 16:00:06 EST 2014 Committee Statement: Response Message: The Technical Committee is adding a test for visor high mass impact resistance.

134 Page 134 of 144 First Revision No. 89-NFPA [ New Section after ] 8.27 Chemical Permeation Resistance Test Two Application This method shall apply to the suit, visor, glove, and footwear element materials, and to the selected elements seams Specific requirements for testing suit materials after flexing and abrading shall be as specified in Specific requirements for testing glove materials after abrading shall be as specified in Specific requirements for testing footwear materials after abrading shall be as specified in Specific requirements for testing seams shall be as specified in Samples. Samples shall be either vapor-protective ensembles or suit materials, visor materials, gloves, and footwear of the sizes specified in the modifications Specimens Specimens shall be of a size required to fit the permeation test cell A minimum of three specimens shall be tested against each challenge chemical For composite materials, only the chemical protection layer shall be the sample for testing for chemical permeation resistance Following any sample preparation, the specimens shall be conditioned as specified in Apparatus A controlled environmental chamber shall be used to maintain the test cell, air flow control system, and reagent chemicals within ± 2.0 C (± 4.0 F) of the test temperature and ± 5 percent of the test relative humidity. The controlled environment chamber shall be sized so that it can be used for conditioning test materials, to test cells when not in use, to challenge chemicals and other test apparatus prior to testing, as well as for holding the test cells horizontally during use while connected to the air delivery system manifold and to the effluent sampling mechanism * The test cell shall be a two-chambered cell for contacting the specimen with the challenge chemical on the specimen s normal outside surface and for flowing a collection medium on the specimen s normal inside surface, consisting of parts shown in Figure (a) and individual part detail shown in Figure (b) through Figure (f). Figure (a) Diffusion Test Cell Assembly. (Source: W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.)

135 Page 135 of 144 Figure (b) Sample Support Plate. (Source: W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.) Figure (c) Compression Plate. (Source: W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.) Figure (d) Lower Body (Collection Side). (Source: W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.)

136 Page 136 of 144 Figure (e) Upper Body (Challenge Side). (Source: W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.) Figure (f) Top Cap. (Source: W. L. Gore & Associates, Inc.) * An air delivery system and manifold shall be used to provide oil-free, conditioned air to the test cell/fixtures at a rate of 2 standard liters per minute (SLPM) per test cell/fixture with a temperature precision of ± 0.2 C and a relative humidity precision of ± 5 percent An analytical system shall be used to evaluate the amount of challenge chemical in the effluent air streams from the collection side of the test cell and shall be selected to provide the ability to measure the challenge chemical at 0.1 µg/cm 2 over the test exposure period. The analytical system shall be permitted to include a bubbler tube, solid sorbent, or real-time chemical analyzer. Effluent sampling shall be permitted to be taken discretely or cumulatively; however, the selected analytical system shall be able to determine all of the challenge chemical permeating through the specimen in 60 minutes * A vacuum pump capable of creating vacuum of at least 5 in. water column shall be used for testing the integrity of the assembled test cell * A manometer or pressure gage capable of measuring pressures or vacuums to 10 in. water column, with an accuracy of 5 percent of scale, shall be used for testing the integrity of the assembled test cell.