THE EFFECT OF HOOF TRIMMING

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1 1 THE EFFECT OF HOOF TRIMMING Tom Van Hertem Agricultural Research Organization ARO Israel C.Bahr and D.Berckmans Ephraim Maltz, * Ilan Halachmi 64th Annual EAAP Meeting, Nantes, August2013

2 BioBusiness Cow group partners Sweden (Business model) Netherlands (Video score) Belgium (Image Processing) Agricultural Research Organization ARO Israel Israel (Setup & Exp.Data collection)

3 Continuation Last Year (2012) EAAP meeting The development of machine-vision based sensors: Automatic Body Condition Scoring Automatic Lameness Detection This EAAP (2013) meeting Application of these sensors

4 Automatic Lameness detection computer vision BBBBBB = ww 1 θθ 2 θθ 1 + ww 2 θθ 4 θθ 3 + ww 3 LL 1 LL 2

5 3 rd Setup: 3D-camera 5 Camera Camera Antena ARO, The Volcani Centre - 23 May 2013

6 Automatic detection: BCS and Lameness

7 Machine vision and human observation 7 22 days recordings

8 Machine vision vs. human observation Last EAAP Meeting This EAAP Meeting

9 Animal Sensing (Israel) 9 Commercial kibbutz dairy farm 3x milking/day Sensor-based heat detection and nutrition management HR -tag (SCR Engineers Ltd., Netanya Israel)

10 Lameness definition 10 Deviation in gait and posture (locomotion) resulting from pain or discomfort from hoof or leg injuries and disease Welfare Economic [300 NIS] Prevalence [30%] Causes 64th Annual EAAP Meeting, Nantes, August 2013

11 Lameness treatments 11 Foot bathing Foot washing Hoof trimming

12 Routine hoof trimming 12 Refet Ha Emek, kibbutz Yif at Twice per year Before summer: May Before winter: November Whole herd (~1100 cows) in 10 days

13 Hoof Trimming procedure 13 64th Annual EAAP Meeting, Nantes, August 2013

14 Hoof disorders 14 Disorder Single +1 other +2 other +3 other # diagnosed Dermatitis interdigitalis Digital dermatitis Double sole Sole ulcer Panaritium Horn cavity Torn hoof edge Chronic laminitis Total

15 Hoof disorder identification 15 Herd: 1097 cows 299 cows (27%) with hoof disorder Location front hind Both N % Number of legs Not spec. #1 #2 #3 #4 N % Number of diagnoses Not spec. #1 #2 #3 #4+ N %

16 Herd locomotion score 16 Proportion of cows Locomotion Score 2 Locomotion Score 1 Locomotion Score 3 Locomotion Score 4 Locomotion Score 5 Trimming Window Time 64th Annual EAAP Meeting, Nantes, August 2013

17 Trimming period locomotion scoring live locomotion scoring sessions 5 sessions Individual cows scored throughout all 5 sessions 54 lame cows 109 nonlame cows Missing individuals Cow traffic Group changes

18 Lame cows 18 Trimming

19 Non-lame cows 19 Trimming 64th Annual EAAP Meeting, Nantes, August 2013

20 Behaviour sensing 20 HR-Tag Cow identification Ruminating time [min/2h] Activity [activity index/2h] heat detection Free Flow Milk yield

21 Neck activity response to trimming 21 Variable F-stat df1 df2 P-value Trimming Parity <0.001 Lesion Milk Locomotion Score <0.001 Milk*Trimming

22 Rumination response to trimming 22 Variable F-stat df1 df2 P-value Trimming Trimming*Parity <0.001 Milk <0.001 Milk*Trimming

23 Milk yield response to trimming 23 Variable F-stat df1 df2 P-value Trimming Parity Lactation stage <0.001 Parity*lactation stage Lactation stage*trimming Activity Ruminating time <0.001

24 Discussion 24 No differentiation between lesions/disorders Day of trimming cows out of routine Unknown onset of disorder Pre-winter hoof trimming wet environment Preventive hoof trimming Treatment trimming Single farm data

25 Conclusion 25 Most disorders in hind hoofs After two months, herd level not recovered Agricultural Research Organization ARO Israel Hoof trimming affects cow behaviour and performance Activity directly affected Effects ~ parity, lactation stage & lesion presence More questions? tomv@volcani.agri.gov.il halachmi@volcani.agri.gov.il Thank you!

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