There are situations where conflict between your words and your partner's actions (or vice versa) can lead to game control pitfalls in a Dual.

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1 COSOA

2 Dual Refereeing is a compromise, and we always have to give up something. What we should strive to do is not give up coverage of potential penalty kicks. Working a Dual requires altering some of your accustomed instincts from years as a DSC Referee - the necessary changes are easier to say than to consistently do, especially at first. There are situations where conflict between your words and your partner's actions (or vice versa) can lead to game control pitfalls in a Dual.

3 Diagonal (3-man) system of control: CR primarily responsible for fouls ARs: Primarily responsible for offside, fouls are a secondary responsibility Refs position accordingly Generally this responsibility does NOT change

4 Responsibility does change; depending on which team is attacking Lead ref has primary responsibility for offside Trail ref has primary responsibility for fouls (but lead should also call them)

5 As soon as possession changes: 1. Who is Lead and Trail Ref changes 2. Responsibility changes 3. Refs immediately reposition for new responsibility. Must make some compromises in position. Not Half & Half; each ref responsible for entire field. Details in the NFHS Rules Book

6 Conducts pre-game conference(s) and instructions Make decisions on points not covered by Rules Match authority on rules interpretation, equipment legality Who s the Head Referee? Planned dual on OSC designated as Center Unplanned dual? Higher ranking

7 Inspect field/players together Work together as a team Determine lead/trail directions (left or rt.) Review proper mechanics/techniques Emphasize eye contact frequently If unsure of call, establish eye contact with each other If unsure on game changing decisions, have a conference and Get It Right! Simultaneous whistle defer to head ref??

8 Decide touchline/goal line responsibilities Review Recording/Time Keeping duties Review any uncertainties or questions Coordination Issues Substitutions Injuries Restarts

9 Don t apologize for doing a dual Don t suggest match will be called differently or that team s need to adjust for dual DO explain COSOA procedure if 3 rd shows Stop play, and switch to DSC DO address subs check-in Do stress officials have equal authority on foul calls

10 Responsibility for Restart Whistle Trail whistles start Kickoff(s) Drop Ball? Goal Kick Throw In (Trail side) Lead whistles start Corner kick?? Penalty kick?? Free kick Throw In (Lead side) Subs official responsible for restart whistles

11 Dual System of Control Out of bounds responsibility

12 Keep play in between on the yard rope Adjust to flow Lead Official keys on Lead Attacker

13 No Touchline Hugging Flexible Pattern requires high work rate to stay close enough to play and still be able to cover the offside decision

14 Covering coffin corner Trail must press down with play. Lead is usually screened and must split his focus to determine offside.

15 Running off the field may be required Just like diagonal system? Lead referee should be closer to the goal than the thrower, in order to cover goal scored as well as offside.

16 Play near the goal Lead referee across the end line may be necessary, but may also compromise the offside decision.

17 Set Positions to be taken by Refs, normally at restarting play Start of Play During play Free kick Corner kick Goalkeeper clearances Goal kick Penalty kick Throw in Drop ball

18 Kick-off; Start of Play

19 During Play Free Kick

20 Quick Free Kick in Attacking Half Trail referee: Moves even with ball Covers: Ball placement Encroachment/Delays FK direction and type Lead referee: Moves ahead for Play/goal coverage Covers: Offside Goal (Eye contact or repeat DKF/IFK signal?? to show readiness.) Who Restarts whistle if ceremonial due to DR caution or 10 request?

21 Ceremonial Free Kick in Attacking Half Trail referee: Moves even with ball Covers: Ball placement Encroachment/Delays FK direction and type Signals ready to Trail Proper RS and Wall Lead referee: Moves ahead for Play/goal coverage Covers: Wall Offside Goal/End Line Restart whistle Eye contact or repeat DKF/IFK signal to show readiness.

22 Corner Kick Goalkeeper Clearance

23 Goal Kick Penalty kick Trail Ref whistles RS if needed Lead Ref whistles for RS: Mandatory

24 Throw In ~The Ref on the Touch line of the TI is responsible for legality of the TI and will whistle for Restart if after Substitution. ~If the TI is toward that Ref, the Ref positions as the Lead and is responsible for the TI legality and anticipation of play (OS). ~The Ref on the opposite touch line observe players in the Landing Zone.

25 Dropped Ball Trail official controls drop ball Lead official anticipates play Direction of play could change quickly Officials need to be ready to adjust quickly

26 By The Book Restart Whistle ~TI: Ref on that side always has the RS whistle ~TRAIL Ref has whistle for all common restarts: KO & GK ~ LEAD Ref has the whistle for all uncommon restarts: FKs, PKs & CKs. These are labeled as uncommon because it is not normal to need a whistle on those restarts OR they happen infrequently. ~ And most different from the Diagonal (DSC) is the PK. It is the Ref on the End line, not the Ref on the 18, who signals for the PK to be taken. ~ Drop ball. Book says Trail, but who is Trail? Use common sense: in your area of control, you drop the ball as Trail. ~Cautions for 10? Request for 10?

27 PAT S PEARLS Do not worry about being right on the touchline unless experience tells you a ball in the air might go out of play...you should be able to tell when a ball is all the way out on the ground from 5-10 yards inside the line. Because the Dual System is more like the solo system, you will be Into the field and play will flow around you. There will be times that you won't have a perfect view of ball out of play over the touch line. Live with it. You are not there as an Assistant Referee, you are there as part of a Team of CRs Try to remember to always, always check with your other official before signaling a restart.

28 PAT S PLAGIARIZED PEARLS From A Quiroz, SSBRA MTG 01/27/2016 The Ref nearest the sub area manages the Subs. With a booking, Provide support by running to the Booker Ref With a booking, Confirm # & Team of bookee with the Booker Ref Position of Lead affected by team strategy, e.g. OS Trap FK Management: Lead should manage FK until Trail arrives, then proceed to Lead position (i.e., OS) CK Lead Position Wide Option: Lead opposite CK RS on End Line, Trail Kitty Corner After ref conference due to conflicting calls, have the over-ruled Ref make the Restart Signal

29 Sound player communication habits from experience as CR in a DSC can lead to game control pitfalls in a Dual, E.G., Overtly signaling Advantage by word or gesture. Saying "nothing there" or keep going Then your partner blows their whistle

30 when dynamic play is in the close vicinity and plain view of the Lead Referee and the Bench when the Trail Referee is distantly away 40+ yards across the field, EVERYONE else (players, coaches, spectators) expects the Lead Referee to make the foul judgment yeah or nay (and the call or noncall).

31 In Game Critical Situations (e.g. Goals, Red Cards, PKs), the Priority is to get it right. This usually requires a Referee Conference to discuss and agree. Discuss in your Pre-game how you will handle this if you disagree. But know ahead of time, who will decide. Sell your conference: Nod your head, smile, etc.

32 If Not Game Critical, the Priority is Game Control while keeping the game moving by going with the whistle vs. verbal signal OR 1 st whistle vs. 2 nd whistle. For my game, it works to simply agree with my partner vs. Overruling, and publicly taking the blame. Signal My Bad Discuss in your Pre-game Be aware of your partner s foul and game control manners Any ideas??

33 Remember Dual in Dual System is NOT spelled duel As always, teamwork is the key to success. SPECIAL THANKS TO Ken Aston Referee Society

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