Pennsylvania Congestion Management System: PA 100 Corridor. June 2002

Transcription

1 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System: PA 100 Coido June 2002

2

3 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System PA 100 Coido June 2002 DELAWARE VALLEY REGIONAL PLANNING COMMISSION

4 Ceated in 1965, the Delawae Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC) is an intestate, intecounty and intecity agency that povides continuing, compehensive and coodinated planning to shape a vision fo the futue gowth of the Delawae Valley egion. The egion includes Bucks, Cheste, Delawae, and Montgomey counties, as well as the City of Philadelphia, in Pennsylvania; and Bulington, Camden, Glouceste and Mece counties in New Jesey. DVRPC povides technical assistance and sevices; conducts high pioity studies that espond to the equests and demands of membe state and local govenments; fostes coopeation among vaious constituents to foge a consensus on divese egional issues; detemines and meets the needs of the pivate secto; and pactices public outeach effots to pomote two-way communication and public awaeness of egional issues and the Commission. Ou logo is adapted fom the official DVRPC seal, and is designed as a stylized image of the Delawae Valley. The oute ing symbolizes the egion as a whole, while the diagonal ba signifies the Delawae Rive. The two adjoining cescents epesent the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania and the State of New Jesey. DVRPC is funded by a vaiety of funding souces including fedeal gants fom the U.S. Depatment of Tanspotation s Fedeal Highway Administation (FHWA) and Fedeal Tansit Administation (FTA), the Pennsylvania and New Jesey depatments of tanspotation, as well as by DVRPC s state and local membe govenments. The authos, howeve, ae solely esponsible fo its findings and conclusions, which may not epesent the official views o policies of the funding agencies.

5 TABLE OF CONTENTS I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY... 1 II. PURPOSE... 3 III. STUDY AREA DESCRIPTION... 5 IV. HIGHWAY NETWORK... 9 Designation of Ateial Sections... 9 Taffic Counts Yea 2000 Taffic Accidents Measues of Pefomance V. MOST CONGESTED ARTERIAL SECTIONS PA 401 fom US 202 to Phoenixville Pike US 322 fom Boot Road to US 30 Business PA 100 fom Font Road to Byes Road PA 113 fom Hoseshoe Tail to PA PA 113 fom Godon Dive to PA US 30 fom Mille Road to Exton Squae Pakway US 322 fom US 30 By-Pass to US 30 Business PA 100 fom Boot Road to US 30 Business US 30 Business fom PA 113 to US US 30 Business fom US 202 to Planebook Road VI. WORST PREFORMING INTERSECTIONS PA 113 at PA US 322 / PA 282 at US 30 Business PA 322 at Hopewell Road PA 401 at N. Phoenixville Pike PA 100 at South Side Exit amp of Exton By-Pass PA 401 at Mooes Road Little Conestoga Road at PA Eagleview Boulevad at PA US 30 Business at Pak Lane US 30 Business at PA

6 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) VII. TRANSIT SERVICE R5 Regional Rail Sevice Bus Sevice CMS Benefits of Tansit Sevice Impovements Recommended Impovements VIII JOURNEY-TO-WORK TRAVEL PATTERNS Zone Zone Zone Zone Zone IX. DEVELOPMENT TRENDS X. AREA WIDE CMS STRATEGIES TansitChek Mobility Altenatives Pogam (MAP) Tanspotation Management Association Rideshaing Telecommuting Compessed Wok Week Flexible Wok Hous Subsciption Bus Paking Cash Out Pak and Ride Pedestian and Bicycle

7 TABLES 1. Ten Wost Pefoming Ateial Sections Ten Wost Pefoming Intesections Based on Peak Peiod Delays Summay of Ateial and Intesection Stategies Summay of Tansit Stategies - Regional Rail Station Enhancements Home Based Wok Peson Tips Zone 1 HBW Peson Tips Zone 2 HBW Peson Tips Zone 3 HBW Peson Tips Zone 5 HBW Peson Tips Zone 8 HBW Peson Tips a. HBW Peson Tips Pimay Oigins and Destinations b. HBW Vehicle Tips Pimay Oigins and Destinations c. HBW Tansit Tips Pimay Oigins and Destinations... 92

8 MAPS Land Use Fedeal Functional Classification Taffic Counts Yea 2000 Taffic Accidents AM Peak Levels of Sevice PM Peak Levels of Sevice AM and PM Wost Levels of Sevice Most Congested Intesections, Poposed Development & Pogammed TIP Pojects Public Tanspotation Netwok Jouney-to-Wok Peson Tips Tips fom Zone Jouney-to-Wok Peson Tips Tips to Zone Jouney-to-Wok Peson Tips Tips fom Zone Jouney-to-Wok Peson Tips Tips to Zone Jouney-to-Wok Peson Tips Tips fom Zone Jouney-to-Wok Peson Tips Tips to Zone Jouney-to-Wok Peson Tips Tips fom Zone

9 MAPS (Continued) Jouney-to-Wok Peson Tips Tips to Zone Jouney-to-Wok Peson Tips Tips fom Zone Jouney-to-Wok Peson Tips Tips to Zone

10

11 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 1 I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As a component of the Pennsylvania Congestion Management System (CMS), this epot povides an examination of congestion at key intesections, ateial segments, and tanspotation systems within the PA 100 coido in Cheste County, Pennsylvania. The coido coves an aea of appoximately 100 squae miles and is located within one of the fastest gowing sections of the County. In this study, congested aeas wee evaluated and impovement stategies that ae both pactical and implementable wee identified as a means of developing an efficient tanspotation system that is necessay to ensue adequate movement of goods and people. Conditions at the majo intesections within the coido wee evaluated duing the peak peiods. A total of 13 appoaches at 10 intesections expeienced 80 seconds o moe of delay duing the peak peiods. These ten most congested intesections wee examined in futhe detail. Measues to alleviate cuent and futue congestion wee identified. Intesection stategies to mitigate congestion included adjusting taffic signal timing and coodination, installing potected left tun signals, adding ight tun lanes, stiping pedestian cosswalks, and evaluating on-steet paking feasibility. In addition to the intesection evaluation, 37 ateial sections (subcoidos) wee identified. A level of sevice analysis was undetaken by diection on all of the subcoidos. Five of the subcoidos pefomed at a level of sevice F, while six pefomed at level of sevice E. Recommendations fo educing congestion on the subcoidos included taffic signal coodination, oad widening, shoulde impovements, and Tavel Demand Management measues. Tansit sevice impovements have also been identified. Although the vast majoity of tips ae pesently taken via auto, gowth pessues and an incease in futue highway congestion will continue to make tansit an impotant commuting option. Inflationay tends in fuel pices, concens ove the envionment and ai quality, and changing land use pattens will make automobile use less desiable and build a stonge case fo moe tansit sevice. Inceasing tansit ideship can be achieved though a vaiety of measues. Bus sevice can be impoved by convenient outing, timely and appopiate headways, installing adequate shelte at stops, and by poviding a comfotable and safe envionment. Adequate paking and fequent, timely sevice can help to incease egional ail ideship. Jouney-to-wok tavel pattens, based on DVRPC s 2025 foecast, show a subub to subub tavel patten with most peson tips in the study aea being completed by passenge ca. This lack of tansit use is due mostly to the absence of an extensive ail o bus netwok in much of the aea to accommodate cuent commuting pattens. In addition to tansit and site specific ecommendations, egion wide Tavel Demand Management (TDM) measues should be pomoted. TansitChek is a commute benefit pogam that enables employes of any size to offe financial vouches fo use on all modes of public tanspotation.

12 Page 2 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Mobility Altenatives Pogam (MAP) is an outeach pogam that povides commutes with infomation on Shae-a-Ride, ca- and vanpools, and flexible wok hous. Othe initiatives identified that can educe emissions and elieve congestion ae telecommuting (telewok), pak and ide facilities, a compessed wok week, subsciption buses, and impovements to pedestian and bicycle facilities and amenities.

13 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 3 II. PURPOSE A Congestion Management System (CMS) is a systematic pocess that povides infomation on tanspotation system pefomance and altenative stategies to alleviate congestion and enhance the mobility of pesons and goods. The CMS, developed by the Delawae Valley Regional Planning Commission (DVRPC) fo the Pennsylvania potion of its egion, (Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - Phase 2 Repot, July 1997), epesents a compehensively planned egional appoach to managing the aea s tanspotation infastuctue and impoving the efficiency of the tanspotation system. Thee goals have been established fo the CMS. The CMS seeks to: (1) ease taffic congestion though the eduction of single occupant vehicles (SOV s), (2) optimize the efficiency of existing tanspotation systems by educing taffic congestion along tavel coidos and at citical intesections though incident management, access contol, needed highway impovements, and advanced technology systems, and (3) impove access and poficiency of the tanspotation netwok to impove mobility. The CMS consists of five components: (1) pefomance measues, (2) data collection and system monitoing, (3) identification and evaluation of poposed stategies, (4) implementation of stategies, and (5) evaluation of implemented stategies. In Tanspotation Management Aeas (uban aeas of ove 200,000), like the DVRPC egion, no significant widening poject can be implemented unless it is pat of an appoved CMS study. DVRPC s Yea 2020 Long Range Plan identifies individual CMS studies fom the egion s majo tavel coidos that seve as connectos fo majo activity centes. Ceating a coido specific CMS is an effective extension of the egional CMS. The Yea 2020 Tanspotation Plan pesents an extensive list of policies and stategies, as well as the actions equied by each agency to cay them out. The Yea 2025 Tanspotation Plan incopoates most of these policies but makes some additions and modifications consistent with the vision statements. These include congestion eduction policies that would a) Implement a coheent stategy fo deliveing moe tansit options fo commutes, and b) Use tanspotation demand management techniques fo coido and system planning. The PA 100 Coido was chosen fom those coidos in the Yea 2020 Long Range Plan and the Pennsylvania CMS. The coido is paticulaly suitable fo a CMS study, due to its consistent ecuing taffic congestion, futue gowth pessues on the taffic system, and the potential fo impoved public tanspotation.

14 Page 4 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido The PA 100 Coido CMS study is designed to: Identify locations that expeience taffic congestion and document the seveity and duation Identify causes of congestion Identify, document, and analyze altenatives to manage taffic congestion including: - taffic opeations - tansit sevice and elated elements - pogams and policies that educe taffic within the coido Develop a pogam of ecommended impovements to educe taffic congestion The PA 100 Coido CMS allows tanspotation pojects in a given aea to be developed accoding to a cohesive plan and pogammed in a pioitized manne.

15 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 5 III. STUDY AREA DESCRIPTION PA 100 is an ateial highway located in cental Cheste County in the westen sububs of the Philadelphia Region. The landscapes on PA 100 vay consideably thoughout the coido. Much of the nothen eaches of the study aea ae ual with low density esidential development. The PA 100 coido though the Lionville and Exton aea is a highly commecial aea, with lage shopping centes and copoate centes. The US 30 coido, which bisects the study aea on an east-west axis, is a majo commuting coido fo passenge vehicles, feight, and public tansit. The CMS study aea spans the PA 100 Coido fom Hoseshoe Tail Road in West Vincent Township though cental Cheste County to Boot Road in West Whiteland Township. The aea includes many paallel, adjacent, and intesecting ateials including PA 401, PA 113, US 322, and US 30. The study aea includes all o pat of the following townships: West Vincent, West Pikeland, Chalestown, East Whiteland, West Whiteland, Uwchlan, Uppe Uwchlan, East Bandywine, Caln, and East Caln. Downingtown Boough is also included. Cheste County is chaacteized by apid population gowth. Accoding to the 2000 US Census, Cheste County has a population of 433,501. The County expeienced a 15.2% incease between 1990 and The 2010 foecasted population is 482,000, an incease of appoximately 9% ove the 2000 figue. Cheste County faces many challenges by attempting to balance futue gowth pessues while tying to peseve open space and mitigating taffic congestion. The study aea is the focal point of much of the gowth in the County, and as such, will expeience even geate gowth than the County as a whole. Between 1990 and 2000, the population within the study aea inceased by 21%. Much of the futue development will be single family esidential subdivisions, egional copoate paks, and lage shopping centes. Map 1 shows the foecasted 2025 land use pattens fo the study aea. Lage sections of the study aea ae aleady developed o ae expected to gow in the futue. This is paticulaly evident in the aeas adjacent to the tanspotation ateies of US 30 and PA 100, whee lage tacts of commecial and office development ae located. This patten is expected to continue though The PA 100 aea is seved by seveal public tanspotation sevices. The SEPTA R5 is the commute ail line that links cental Cheste County to Cente City Philadelphia. Seveal SEPTA bus outes and KRAPF s Tansit Route A also seve the aea. Despite inceased taffic congestion and impoved sevice, only 3% of wok tips involved public tanspotation in 1990.

16

17 PA 100 CMS WEST VINCENT EAST NANTMEAL EAST PIKELAND WALLACE UPPER UWCHLAN WEST PIKELAND 1995 Developed Peseved Famland Futue Gowth Aea Pakland 2000 Poposed Open Space N Miles EAST BRANDYWINE UWCHLAN WEST WHITELAND CHARLESTOWN EAST WHITELAND Delawae Valley Regional Planning Commission June 2002 EAST CALN BUCKS CALN Downingtown EAST GOSHEN MONTGOMERY CHESTER DELAWARE PHILADELPHIA Map 1: 2025 Land Use

18

19 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 9 IV. HIGHWAY NETWORK Designation of Ateial Sections The PA 100 egion is seved by a numbe of highways and ateials, poviding mobility and access to both feight and vehicula taffic. The highway netwok of the PA 100 study aea is compised of about 52 miles of oadway. Map 2 shows the oad netwok within the study aea and the Fedeal Functional Classification. A bief desciption of the majo ateials is given below. Pennsylvania Tunpike (I-76) This is an intestate highway extending acoss Pennsylvania fom Philadelphia in the east to the Ohio bode in the west. It is a limited access toll oad, with the Downingtown intechange being the only point of ingess o egess within the study aea. It is located in the middle of the PA 100 study aea, allowing diect access to points to the east and west. Any new intechanges on I-76 within the PA 100 egion could have a significant effect on development and local taffic pattens. US 202 US 202 is geneally a fou-lane expessway, extending fom New Castle County, Delawae though Cheste, Montgomey, Delawae, and Bucks Counties in Pennsylvania. US 202 is the pimay commute oute fom cental and easten Cheste County to King of Pussia. Thee ae two majo US 202 intechanges in the study aea; PA 401 and US 30. US 30 (Coatesville-Downingtown and Exton By-Pass) This is a limited access feeway that extends fom the intesection with US 202 in East Whiteland, to Sadsbuy Township in westen Cheste County. It povides a high speed altenative to US 30 Business. US 30 Business This is a majo east-west ateial which bisects the study aea, extending fom Philadelphia though westen Cheste County and beyond. Within the study aea, this oadway povides local east-west access between Coatesville and the Exton aea. US 30 Business vaies fom between two to five tavel lanes, and the posted speed limit anges fom 25 mph in uban aeas to 45 mph in ual aeas. PA 100 (Pottstown Pike) This highway extends fom the state of Delawae to easten Beks County and beyond. The section fom West Cheste though the study aea is a pinciple ateial highway. Within the study aea, the nothen section is pimaily two tavel lanes, while the southen section is geneally fou lanes in width. PA 113 PA 113 is a Rual Mino Ateial fom US 30 to PA 401. Fom PA 401 to Phoenixville, this oad is classified as a Rual Majo Collecto. It is an impotant east-west connecto, facilitating access to cental Cheste County.

20

21 N Miles Delawae Valley Regional Planning Commission June Conestoga Road WEST VINCENT Font Road EAST PIKELAND 76 EAST NANTMEAL CHARLESTOWN Fellowship Road WALLACE UPPER UWCHLAN WEST PIKELAND Little Conestoga Rd Byes Road 76 Line Road BUS Milfod Road Eagleview Blvd EAST WHITELAND Phoenixville Pike EAST BRANDYWINE CALN UWCHLAN Old Valley Road Newcomen Road Aveune EAST CALN West Uwchlan Township EAST GOSHEN 340 Downingtown WEST WHITELAND Swedesfod Road Guthiesville Road Ship Whitfod Road Shoen Road Ceek Road Road King Road Exton Bypass LincolnHighway Quay Road Boot Road Geenhill Road Phoenixville Pike Bypass Downingtown Coatesville Hopewell Road King Highway Little Washington Road Hoseshoe Pike PA 100 CMS Intestate Highway Othe Feeways and Expessways Othe Pincipal Ateial Highways Mino Ateials Uban Collecto and Rual Majo Collecto Rual Mino Collecto Local Roads Unclassified Local Roads Map 2: Fedeal Functional Classification

22

23 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 13 PA 282 This is pimaily a Rual Majo Collecto extending fom Downingtown nothwad though East Bandywine and Wallace Townships to PA 82. It geneally has two tavel lanes. PA 340 This is a Uban Collecto at its eastenmost limits whee it intesects with US 30. In its westen limits, it is classified as a Rual Majo Collecto. Oveall, it extends fom Lancaste County in the west, to US 30 (Lincoln Highway) in the east. PA 401 This oad extends fom US 30 in East Whiteland Township westwad into Beks County. It is a Mino Ateial fom US 30 to the intesection with PA 113. Fom PA 113 to its teminus in Beks County, it is classified as a Majo Collecto. This is geneally a two lane oad that povides diect access to US 202, PA 100 and PA 113. Little Conestoga Road This is a Rual Majo Collecto fom its intesection with the PA 100 to the Pennsylvania Tunpike ovepass. Fom the ovepass to the westenmost limits of the study aea, it is classified as a Rual Mino Collecto. This is pimaily a two lane oad with an east-west oientation that povides diect access to PA 100. Byes Road This is a Rual Majo Collecto extending fom PA 100 to PA 401 though West Pikeland and Uppe Uwchlan Townships. It geneally has two tavel lanes. Eagleview Boulevad This is a local oad that uns paallel to PA 100 though the Eagleview Copoate Pak. It extends fom PA 113 nothwad to PA 100. Thee ae two tavel lanes in each diection. Whitfod Road This is an Uban Collecto that extends fom PA 113 in the noth to Boot Road in the south. It is a two lane oad with little o no shoulde thoughout the coido. Godon Dive Godon Dive connects PA 100 and PA 113 in Uwchlan Township. It is geneally a two lane local oad. Fo the puposes of taffic opeation analysis, these ateial segments wee futhe divided into subsections of oadway with simila chaacteistics, including adjacent land use, oadway geomety, capacity, and taffic demand.

24 Page 14 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Taffic Counts The spatial and tempoal ecoding of taffic counts is impotant as a measue to gauge the diection and flow of taffic ove time. It is also a basis with which to evaluate the potential impact a development will have on the tanspotation netwok. Map 3 illustates the daily taffic levels within the study aea ove the peiod The highest volumes wee obseved along US 30 By-Pass and US 30 Business, PA 113, PA 100 and US 322. The highest gowth in taffic ecoded is along PA 401 in East Whiteland and US 30 Business in East Whiteland. This aea has expeienced a significant incease in development in ecent yeas. Othe aeas of gowth include US 322 in East Bandywine and Downingtown. Yea 2000 Taffic Accidents Map 4 shows all accidents designated as fatal o majo injuy accidents in the study aea in the yea Along PA 100 itself thee ae a numbe of accident clustes. Specifically, in West Whiteland at the Exton By-Pass, thee accidents wee ecoded of which two wee fatal. Just south of the Exton By-Pass, two moe accidents wee ecoded, one of which was fatal. Anothe high accident aea on PA 100 is aound the intesection with Eagleview Boulevad. Fou accidents occued at this location but only one was fatal. At the intesection of Font Road and PA 100, one majo injuy accident was epoted. To the noth of this intesection, thee wee fou moe accidents, two of which wee fatal. Five accidents (two fatal) wee ecoded on PA 100 in the vicinity of Nantmeal Road and Hoseshoe Tail Road. Along PA 113, the lagest cluste of accidents was at the intesection with Nowood Road nea the bode of Uwchlan and East Caln. Thee wee thee fatal accidents and two majo injuy accidents in this aea. Thee wee six majo injuy accidents at the intesection of the Coatesville Downingtown By-Pass and US 322.

25 # # # # # # # # # # # # EAST CALN # # # # # # # # Downingtown # # BUS # 322 # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # # BOOT NANTM E AL CONESTOGA 3057 HORSESHOE FONT TRAIL R WALLACE EAST NANTMEAL C KIMBERTON REEK PIKE PHOENIXVILLE GUTHRIESVILLE CREEK HORSESHOE PIK PIKE QUARRY HWY PHOENIXVILLE BYPASS EXTON BYERS LINE E A GLEVIEW GOON BLVD DR MILFO TOWNSHIP WHITFO EAST BRANDYWINE UPPER UWCHLAN WEST VINCENT WEST PIKELAND # # # EAST PIKELAND # PLANEBROOK UWCHLAN CHARLESTOWN 76 EAST WHITELAND # SHIP HIGHWAY KING BLV SHOEN WATERLOO LINCOLN CALN WEST WHITELAND EAST GOSHEN KINGS FELLOWSHIP 202 HOPEWELL # CONESTOGA CONESTOGA # BACTON HILL GREENHILL LITTLE PARK # CALN # Downingtown OLD VALLEY AVE UWCHLAN WEST WASHINGTON LITTLE # # EAST CALN SWEDESFO NEWCOMEN BYPASS DOWNINGTOWN COATESVILLE BURK PA 100 CMS Aveage Annual Daily Taffic (AADT) # 1997 Taffic Count # 1998 Taffic Count # 1999 Taffic Count # 2000 Taffic Count N Miles Delawae Valley Regional Planning Commission June 2002 Map 3: Taffic Counts

26

27 PARK E AL NANTM 340 EAST CALN Downingtown 100 EAST WHITELAND WEST WHITELAND CONESTOGA HORSESHOE FONT TRAIL R FELLOWSHIP WALLACE EAST NANTMEAL C KIMBERTON REEK PIKE R CONESTOGA PHOENIXVILLE HILL GUTHRIESVILLE UWCHLAN CREEK HORSESHOE PIKE BYPAS QUARRY DOWNINGTOWN COATESVILLE HWY BURK GREENHILL BYPASS EXTON BYERS LINE E A GLEVIEW GOON BLVD DR MILFO TOWNSHIP WHITFO EAST BRANDYWINE UPPER UWCHLAN UWCHLAN WEST VINCENT WEST PIKELAND EAST PIKELAND CHARLESTOWN 76 PLANEBROOK SHIP HIGHWAY KING BLV SHOEN WATERLOO BOOT LINCOLN CALN EAST GOSHEN KINGS BUS LITTLE CONESTOGA AVE WEST HOPEWELL WASHINGTON BACTON PHOENIXVILLE PIKE OLD VALLEY SWEDESFO NEWCOMEN LITTLE PA 100 CMS Seveity Fatal Accident Majo Injuy Accident N Miles Delawae Valley Regional Planning Commission June 2002 Map 4: Yea 2000 Taffic Accidents

28

29 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 19 Measues of Pefomance The basic unit of the ateial is the segment, which is the one-diectional distance fom one signalized intesection to the next. If two o moe consecutive segments ae compaable in ateial classification, segment length, speed limit, and geneal land use activity, then the segments wee aggegated into ateial sections. Based on compehensive data collection and analysis of both the segment and each ateial section as a whole, seveal citeia wee used to measue taffic pefomance. A tavel time study was conducted on the most congested ateials within the study aea. Thee wee seveal measues of pefomance used to intepet the amount of congestion on an ateial section. It should be noted that the gatheed infomation was based on field obsevations, and epesent a snapshot of oadway conditions at that time. Because this is a apidly gowing section of Cheste County, taffic conditions ae apidly changing, due mainly to inceases in peson tips and vehicle miles taveled (VMT). Ä Ä Tavel Time Study - Fo the pupose of this analysis, tavel time studies wee conducted to measue actual tavel speeds on ateials within the study aea. Tavel time studies ae used specifically to evaluate the extent and causes of congestion. The tavel time infomation can be used to identify poblem locations on facilities by vitue of high tavel times and delays, and to measue ateial level of sevice. Aveage Ca Technique - To ensue unifomity of data, a method called the aveage ca technique was used. In this pocedue, the dive appoximates the aveage conditions by maintaining a simila position within the taffic steam. Measuements of time tavel wee taken at each intesection of the tavel aea. Tavel uns wee conducted duing the AM and PM peak peiods. A single tavel un took an aveage of ten to fifteen minutes to complete. This allowed adequate time fo thee tavel uns in each diection to be conducted fo each peak peiod. Using this technique, a epesentative sample of taffic conditions thoughout the peak peiod was documented to assue that the duation and vaiation of congestion thoughout the peiod was taken into account. Diectional vaiations in taffic flow wee also noted. The AM and PM peak peiods wee conducted duing same time fame each day that tavel times wee pefomed. The AM peak peiod geneally anged fom 7:00 am to 8:30 am. The PM peak was geneally fom 4:00 pm to 6:00 pm. Tavel uns wee conducted on Tuesdays, Wednesdays, and Thusdays of non-holiday weeks, while school was in session. This technique was used to captue typical weekday taffic conditions. The tavel speed, o aveage speed of a taffic steam computed as the length of a oadway segment divided by the aveage tavel time of a vehicle tavesing the segment, was calculated fo each segment on the ateial.

30 Page 20 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Ä Ä Fee-Flow Speed - The fee-flow speed (FFS) is defined by the 2000 Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) as the theoetical speed of taffic when density is zeo. This can be intepeted in pactical tems as the aveage speed vehicles tend to dive when they ae not constained by contol delay. The fee-flow uns wee conducted duing times of unimpeded tavel, typically between 9:00 am and 10:00 am in the moning. Two tavel uns wee pefomed in each diection and an aveage fee-flow speed was computed. It should be noted that the fee-flow speed is an ideal speed that seves as a benchmak by which the effect of taffic congestion and othe impediments to nomal taffic flow can be gauged. Tavel Time Speed vesus Fee-Flow Speed - Table 1 shows the elationship between aveage tavel speed and fee-flow speed. The top ten ateial sections ae anked based on tavel speed as a pecentage of ideal speed. The peak peiod and the coesponding Highway Capacity Manual level of sevice ae also given. Additional vaiations in peak peiod and diection of the top ten ateial sections ae listed, poviding that the tavel speed to fee-flow speed atio is less than fifty pecent. In geneal, the level of sevice is consistent with the pecentage of fee-flow speed. Howeve, since the tavel speeds and fee-flow speeds wee ecoded fom field eseach, a staightfowad compaison between the two speeds is moe pecise than level of sevice. Ä Level of Sevice (LOS) - Ateial level of sevice is based on aveage though-vehicle tavel speed fo the segment o ateial section unde consideation. Level of Sevice is defined in tems of the aveage tavel speed of all though vehicles on the ateial. On a given facility, such factos as inappopiate signal timing, poo pogession, taffic signal density, inceasing taffic flow, tuning vehicles, and aveage intesection contol delay can influence level of sevice. The ateial sections ae categoized based on a combination of aveage tavel speed and steet classification. Detemining the steet classification is established fom diect field measuements of the fee-flow speed and on an assessment of the steet s functional and design categoies. Functional categoies ae based on mobility, access, connectivity, and pedominant tip type. Design is based on a vaiety of citeia, including diveway density, ateial type, paking, speed limit, pedestian activity, and oadside development. Once the ateial sections have been popely classified, the appopiate level of sevice can be detemined based on aveage tavel speed.

31 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 21 TABLE 1 Ten Wost Pefoming Ateial Sections Ateial Section Peak Peiod Aveage Tavel Speed (mph) Fee-Flow Speed (mph) Tavel Speed as Pecentage of Fee-Flow Speed HCM Level of Sevice 1. WB PA 401 fom US 202 to Phoenixville Pike PM % F EB PA 401 fom Phoenixville Pike to US 202 AM % E WB PA 401 fom US 202 to Phoenixville Pike AM % E 2. NB US 322 fom Boot Road to US 30 Business NB US 322 fom Boot Road to US 30 Business PM % F AM % E 3. SB PA 100 fom Font Road to Byes Road AM % F 4. SB PA 113 fom Hoseshoe Tail Road to PA 401 AM % F 5. SB PA 113 fom Godon Dive to PA 100 AM % E NB PA 113 fom PA 100 to Godon Dive AM % E EB US 30 Business fom Mille Road to Exton Squae Pakway WB US 30 Business fom Exton Squae Pakway to Mille Road EB US 30 Business fom Mille Road to Exton Squae Pakway WB US 30 Business fom Exton Squae Pakway to Mille Road SB US 322 fom US 30 By-Pass to US 30 Business SB US 322 fom US 30 By-Pass to US 30 Business NB PA 100 fom Boot Road to US 30 Business WB US 30 Business fom PA 113 to US 322 EB US 30 Business fom US 202 to Planebook Road AM % F PM % E PM % E AM % D AM % E PM % D PM % D PM % E AM % E

32 Page 22 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido The level of sevice (LOS) analysis is used extensively in this epot. A geneal desciption taken fom the 2000 Highway Capacity Manual of the diffeent LOS follows: LOS A- descibes pimaily fee-flow opeations at aveage tavel speeds. Vehicles ae completely unimpeded in thei ability to maneuve within the taffic steam. Contol delay at signalized intesections is minimal. LOS B- descibes easonably unimpeded opeations at aveage tavel speeds. The ability to maneuve within the taffic steam is only slightly esticted, and contol delays at signalized intesections ae not significant. LOS C- descibes stable opeations; howeve, ability to maneuve and change lanes in midblock locations may be moe esticted than at LOS B. Longe queues, advese signal coodination, o both may contibute to lowe aveage tavel speeds of about 50 pecent of the feeflow speed (FFS) fo the steet class. LOS D- bodes on a ange in which small inceases in flow may cause substantial inceases in delay and deceases in tavel speeds. LOS D may be due to advese signal pogession, high signal densities, high volumes, o a combination of these factos. LOS E- is chaacteized by significant delays. Such opeations ae caused by a combination of advese pogession, high signal density, high volumes, extensive delays at citical intesections, and inappopiate signal timing. LOS F- is chaacteized by taffic flow at extemely low speeds, typically one-thid to onefouth of the FFS. Intesection congestion is likely at citical signalized locations, with high delays, high volumes, and extensive queuing. Thee is some subjectivity in detemining the oad classification in the level of sevice analysis. Ateial oads in any given aea can change capacity and geomety vey apidly; genealizing an uban steet may be difficult. Thee may be instances whee an ateial falls into multiple categoies, o may be so unique that it does not fall into any distinct categoy at all. When this occued, the fee-flow speed was used to aid in this detemination, because each ateial classification has a chaacteistic ange of fee-flow speeds. Although thee is some subjectivity, it is impotant to emembe that the level of sevice is a widely accepted and valid indicato of taffic pefomance. Map 5 shows the AM peak levels of sevice fo the study aea obseved though tavel time suveys conducted duing the hous of 7:00 am to 8:30 am on a typical weekday. Map 6 shows the PM level of sevice fo the study aea obseved though tavel time suveys conducted duing the hous of 4:00 pm to 6:00 pm on a typical weekday. Map 7 combines the wost levels of sevice fo a paticula ateial section fom eithe the AM o PM peak.

33

34

35

36

37

38

39 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 29 V. MOST CONGESTED ARTERIAL SECTIONS The ten most congested ateial sections ae listed based on the tavel speed as a pecentage of feeflow speed as identified in Table 1. The ateial sections wee examined based on the existing conditions of the ateial section and immediate vicinity. It should be noted that the Level of Sevice ecoded fo each ateial section epesents an aveage fo that section. Howeve, thee ae vaiations in congestion within each section which may be geate o lesse than the aveage depending on location of the sub-section. Recommendations wee made egading the policies and actions necessay fo educing cuent and futue congestion. The ecommended impovements ae coodinated with local, state, and fedeal constuction pojects. These impovements include TIP pojects, adding capacity to oadways and intesections, ITS elements, and the constuction of by-passes. 1. PA 401 fom US 202 to Phoenixville Pike Existing Conditions This section of oadway is vey congested duing the AM and PM peak peiods. The AM Level of Sevice is E in both diections. Duing the PM peak, the westbound taffic expeiences Level of Sevice F. The section is negatively affected by its poximity to the US 202 intechange. The lage volume of vehicles exiting the US 202 off-amp onto PA 401 esults in almost gidlock conditions duing the PM peak. Congestion at the US 202 intechange with PA 401 esults in taffic spilling back up the exit amp causing congestion on southbound US 202. This situation also causes significant delays fo though taffic on PA 401 appoaching the US 202 intechange fom the east. The aveage westbound tavel speed on PA 401 between US 202 and Phoenixville Pike duing the PM peak is less than seven miles pe hou. Peak hou taffic bottlenecks as PA 401 naows fom fou lanes at the appoach to Mooes Road, to two lanes between Mooes Road and Phoenixville Pike. Recommended Impovements a) Coodinate the taffic signals at the Mooes Road and Phoenixville Pike intesections on PA 401. This will impove taffic flow though the coido on PA 401. b) Widen PA 401 fom two to fou lanes between Mooes Road and Phoenixville Pike. Cuently, this link is at almost gidlock conditions duing peak peiods with speeds aveaging between eight and sixteen miles pe hou in the westbound diection. PA 401 noth of this intesection could emain as two tavel lanes. c) Implement the plans of the US 202 Section 300 poject which will add capacity to the US 202 and PA 401 intechange by adding taffic signals and impoving taffic flow.

40 Page 30 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido 2. US 322 fom Boot Road to US 30 Business Existing Conditions This coido is vey congested duing the PM peak mainly due to a high volume of nothbound taffic and a limited amount of geen time at the US 30 intesection. The coido is located in a dense uban setting with one tavel lane in each diection. Taffic is constained by a aiload ovepass just noth of Boot Road, which, due to its low cleaance and naow tavel lanes, impedes the movement of taffic. On-steet paking, fequent cub cuts, and diveways futhe impede the flow of taffic thoughout the coido. Recommended Impovements a. Majo impovements in tavel time can be achieved though taffic signal coodination within the Downingtown section of the US 30 Business coido. TIP Poject # 6911 will coodinate the taffic signals though the Downingtown coido to include the intesections at Mano Road, Pak Lane, and PA 113 to impove taffic flow along US 30 Business. The constuction is scheduled to begin afte FY02. b. A ight tun lane should be designated at the nothbound appoach on PA 322 at the US 30 intesection. A though and a ight tun lane would pemit taffic to clea the intesection moe quickly and theeby educe delays on PA 322. The Downingtown Steetscape Impovement Poject will econfigue and add capacity to the US 322 nothbound appoach to US 30 Business. c. Examine the feasibility of educing on-steet paking o consolidate paking along PA 322 in ode to minimize intefeence with the taffic flow. d. Implementing the Pefeed Altenative of the Keystone Oppotunity Zone Tanspotation Needs Repot would also mitigate taffic flow on US 30 Business though Downingtown. 3. PA 100 fom Font Road to Byes Road Existing Conditions This section of PA 100 is a heavily taveled two lane stetch of highway. Southbound PA 100 opeates at Level of Sevice F duing the AM peak peiod. Taffic is congested thoughout the entie coido. Thee consecutive unchannelized intesections at Pak Road, Little Conestoga Road, and Byes Road seveely impede the flow of taffic. Thee ae a lage numbe of vehicles meging onto PA 100 at Little Conestoga that impacts taffic flow on PA 100. The aveage vehicle delay is ove 375 seconds in the southbound diection between Font Road and Pak Road in the AM peak. This section of PA 100 is expected to see an incease of taffic volumes due to lage esidential developments cuently poposed along PA 100 just noth of the Font Road intesection. At the time the nothbound AM peak flow was evaluated, the high levels of congestion wee not obseved. Subsequently, Level of Sevice fo the nothbound PM peak taffic has since deteioated due to geate volume ove capacity and slowe speeds. A ecent tavel time study, conducted by Cheste County, evealed that the level of congestion has inceased since the oiginal analysis was conducted. Aveage speeds of 28.7 miles pe hou pedominates the segment.

41 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 31 Recommended Impovements a. TIP Poject #6782 would impove the intesection of Pak Road and PA 100. The intesection would be widened to accommodate left tun lanes on all appoaches as well as the installation of new taffic signals. Completion is expected in FY 04. b. In the long tem, TIP Poject #6907 would constuct a By-pass extending fom the I-76 intechange in the south to Fellowship Road in the noth. This would emove though taffic fom this segment of PA 100 theeby educing volume and congestion. c. Impove and widen the shouldes on PA 100 to allow safe passing aound left tuning vehicles d. Constuct a Pak and Ride facility on PA 100 in the nothen end of the County which would educe vehicle tips on the PA 100 coido. 4. PA 113 fom Hoseshoe Tail to PA 401 Existing Conditions The section of PA 113 is one lane in each diection and has few cub cuts. It is a majo conduit fo commutes fom Phoenixville, East Pikeland, and West Pikeland taveling to the south and west. In the AM peak, vehicles ae queued ove a half-mile fom the PA 401 intesection on PA 113. This appoach opeates at Level of Sevice F duing the AM Peak. All of the appoaches at the intesections have only one lane fo though, ight and left movements. Vitually all of the delay expeienced on this coido on PA 113 is due to the PA 401 intesection (See also Wost Pefoming Intesections section VI). Recommended Impovements a. TIP Poject # 6772 will widen the intesection to impove safety and channelization by adding left tun lanes on all fou appoaches. This inceased capacity is expected to educe delays at the intesection and theeby speed tavel time along this coido. b. The feasibility of oiginating bus sevice fom Phoenixville along PA 113 to employment centes in the study aea should be exploed. This could initially be a subsciption bus that would evolve to a fixed schedule full size bus as demand inceases. The TMA of Cheste County has just initiated bus sevice along PA 113. c. The impact of the impovement should be evaluated some time afte completion to assess whethe futhe impovement is waanted. If congestion still pesists, TDM measues should be pomoted though the TMA in an effot to educe single occupant vehicles. d. Constuct a Pak and Ride facility in close poximity to PA 113 in the Phoenixville Boough aea to educe vehicle tips on the PA 113 coido.

42 Page 32 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido 5. PA 113 fom Godon Dive to PA 100 Existing Conditions This coido is located in a lagely commecial aea which includes the Mash Ceek Copoate Cente and the Stonebidge Business Cente. PA 113 between Godon Dive and PA 100 is two lanes in each diection, with most of the coido having a middle tuning lane. Delays incued at the Godon Dive, Sheee Boulevad, and PA 100 intesections esult in the slow pogession of taffic. Duing the AM Peak, the southbound diection on PA 113 expeiences a Level of Sevice of E. Much of the congestion along this segment is a esult of delays at the intesection of PA 100 and PA 113. PA 100 is the pimay atey fo noth-south taffic in the study aea and is theefoe allocated moe geen time than the PA 113 at the appoach at this intesection. Recommended Impovements a. Evaluate the taffic signal phasing of the Cental Cheste County Closed Loop system along the coido, including the Godon Dive, Sheee Boulevad, and PA 100 intesections, to optimize taffic flow duing peak peiods. b. By pomoting egionwide TDM solutions such as telecommuting, compessed wok week and ideshaing, taffic volume can be appeciably educed. Pomote the use of the existing Pak and Ride lot on PA 113. c. Moe effective solutions would equie majo capital outlay which might not be implementable at this time. 6. US 30 Business fom Mille Road to Exton Squae Pakway Existing Conditions This section of US 30 Business includes the intesection of Mille Road, PA 100, Ion Lake Boulevad, and Exton Squae Pakway. It is a majo etail and commecial aea that consist of the Exton Mall and the Whiteland Towne Cente. The commecial centes poduce a lage numbe of tips that impact US 30 Business thoughout the coido. PA 100 coido is also a vey heavily taveled ateial in this aea. At the PA 100 and US 30 intesection, thee is significantly moe geen time given to the noth- and southbound taffic on PA 100 due to heavy taffic volumes. As a esult, both the east- and westbound appoaches to PA 100 on US 30 Business expeience significant delays in both the AM and PM peak peiods. Although this intesection has ecently been geometically impoved, the though vehicles on US 30 expeience low levels of sevice due to long cycle lengths. Recommended Impovements a. Evaluate the loop detecto system along PA 100 to incease geen time wheneve taffic along PA 100 is expeiencing excessive delays. b. Coodinate signals at Mille Road, PA 100, Ion Lake Boulevad, and Exton Squae Pakway along the US 30 Business coido to facilitate the pogession of taffic. Set taffic signal phases to eflect peak Exton Mall taffic.

43 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 33 c. Minimize geen time fo the signalized entance to Exton Mall in the AM peak. This includes the Ion Lake and Exton Squae Pakway intesections. This would not advesely affect Exton Mall taffic because the mall hous of opeation occu afte the AM Peak. d. The West Whiteland Town Cente poject would widen PA 100 to thee lanes in each diection fom the Exton By-Pass to US 30 Business. A poposed system of loop oads aound the development would also alleviate taffic along PA 100 and educe taffic at the US 30 Business / PA 100 intesection. 7. US 322 fom US 30 By-Pass to US 30 Business Existing Conditions This section of US 322 includes the intesections of US 30 Business, East Pennsylvania Avenue, Rock Raymond Road, and Noth Lloyd Avenue. The coido is one lane in each diection, and much of US 322 has a middle tuning lane between East Pennsylvania Avenue and Rock Raymond Road. Thee is taffic geneated on US 322 by US 30 By-Pass intechange just noth of Noth Lloyd Avenue. Thee ae seveal schools along the coido on US 322, and AM, midday, and PM taffic is affected by school zone speed limits. This esults in slowe tavel speeds and inceased delay. This coido on US 322 pefomed at level of sevice E duing the AM peak and level of sevice D in the PM peak in the southbound diection. The AM southbound delay on US 322 is attibuted to delays at the Noth Lloyd Avenue and Rock Raymond Road intesections, school zones, and the US 30 Business intesection. Recommended Impovements a. Coodinate the taffic signals at Rock Raymond Road and Noth Lloyd Avenue intesections. This would help with the pogession of the though taffic and the vehicles enteing and exiting US 30 By-Pass. b. Add a ight tun lane on US 322 at the US 30 Business intesection. The lane would equie appoximately 10 feet of ight-of-way. This would significantly educe delay fo the vehicles making a ight tun. c. TIP Poject # 6911 will coodinate the taffic signals though the Downingtown coido to include the intesections at Mano Road, Pak Lane, and PA 113 to impove taffic flow along US 30 Business. Impoved taffic pogession and bette signal coodination along the US 30 Business coido though Downingtown would educe congestion on the US 322 appoach to US 30 Business. The constuction is scheduled to begin afte FY02. d. A poposed tail system would link the schools along PA 113 with the adjacent neighbohoods and the Downingtown CBD. A system of pedestian tails could educe the numbe of vehicle tips on PA 113 caused by school elated taffic.

44 Page 34 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido 8. PA 100 fom Boot Road to US 30 Business (Lincoln Highway) Existing Conditions The PA 100 / US 202 connecto meges with PA 100 between Boot Road and the Exton By-Pass. Thee is a lage volume of taffic coming off the connecto duing the PM peak which slows at the mege. Though taffic is also affected by motoists using Mountain View Dive, the access oad to and fom the Exton Station paking lot. Tavel speeds on the segment fom Boot Road to US 30 Business aveage eighteen miles pe hou duing the PM peak. Thee is also a slow pogession of taffic though the US 30 By-Pass southen amp signal, the US 30 By-Pass nothen amp signal, and at the Batlett Avenue intesection on PA 100. Thee ae two ail bidges ove PA 100 just south of Exton By-Pass intechange. Both stuctues limit any lane additions on PA 100 in this aea. Recommended Impovements a. When implemented, evaluate the signal phasing of the closed loop system on PA 100 though the two taffic signals of the Exton By-Pass intechange and Batlett Avenue intesection to incease the taffic flow. b. Fomalize a pedestian tail fom neaby esidential and commecial aeas to the Exton Rail Station. c. Continue the pomotion of the Whil Bus cicula sevice to educe auto demand. The sevice cuently tanspots ides fom esidential aeas to the Exton Rail Station. d. Expand the fee Pak & Ride lot at the Exton Rail Station to accommodate inceasing demand fom ail capooling and ail commutes. e. As pat of the West Whiteland Town Cente Poject, PA 100 will be expanded to thee tavel lanes in each diection between the Exton By-Pass and US 30 Business. A system of new loop oads into the new development fom US 30 Business will also help alleviate taffic on PA US 30 Business fom PA 113 to US 322 Existing Conditions This section of US 30 Business is located in the CBD of Downingtown. Thee is one lane in each diection, with some on-steet paking located on the noth side of US 30 Business between US 322 and Geen Steet and on the south side between Geen Steet and PA 113. Thee is intense commecial development thoughout the coido, and expansion of the oad is not pactical. The section is congested duing both the AM and PM peak peiods. Westbound US 30 Business opeates at Level of Sevice E duing the PM peiod, and Level of Sevice D duing the AM peak peiod. This is a high pedestian aea, and thee ae no cosswalks at the US 30 Business and Pak Lane / Wallace Avenue intesection.

45 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 35 Recommended Impovements a. TIP Poject # 6911 will coodinate the taffic signals though the Downingtown coido to include the intesections at Mano Road, Pak Lane, and PA 113 to impove taffic flow along US 30 Business. The constuction is scheduled to begin afte FY02. b. The Downingtown Steetscape Impovement Poject, planned fo downtown Downingtown, poposes many vehicula and pedestian impovements to the aea. The intesection of US 30 Business and US 322 will also be econfigued. c. Examine the feasibility of educing on-steet paking o consolidating paking along US 30 Business in ode to minimize intefeence with the taffic flow. d. Implementing the Pefeed Altenative of the Keystone Oppotunity Zone Tanspotation Needs Repot would also mitigate taffic flow on US 30 Business though Downingtown. 10. US 30 Business fom US 202 to Planebook Road Existing Conditions This coido is most congested duing the AM peiod. US 30 Business eastbound opeates at level of sevice E duing the AM peak. The US 202 intechange significantly affects the coido. Vehicles use the US 202 intechange on US 30 Business as an altenative to the PA 401 / US 202 intechange to get to the copoate centes and industial paks in the aea. The Exton By-Pass teminates at the US 202 / US 30 Business intesection. This adds taffic to US 30 Business in the eastbound diection fom US 202. The aea along US 30 Business between Phoenixville Pike and Planebook Road is densely commecial. Recommended Impovements a. Coodinate the taffic signals fom Phoenixville Pike to Planebook Road to facilitate the flow of taffic. b. By pomoting egionwide TDM solutions such as telecommuting, compessed wok week and ideshaing, taffic volume can be appeciably educed. In paticula, the Pak & Ride lot at intesection of US 30 and US 202 should be pomoted. c. Examine the effectiveness of widening US 30 Business to povide two though lanes in each diection with a cente tun lane. d. Moe effective solutions would equie majo capital outlay which might not be implementable at this time.

46

47 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 37 VI. WORST PERFORMING INTERSECTIONS All of the intesections wee analyzed based on peak peiod appoach delay in seconds. The ten wost pefoming intesections ae listed in Table 2. In Table 2, Appoach delay includes stopped time and time lost when a vehicle deceleates fom its ambient speed to a stop. The delay time is displayed with the diection of taffic flow, the peak peiod in which the delay occus, and the total delay in seconds. In seveal cases, multiple legs of the intesection ae listed if the delay at additional appoaches is significant. Map 8 shows the most congested intesections ae on thee impotant ateials in the study aea - PA 100, US 322 and PA 401. Also illustated ae the locations of lage commecial, office, and esidential developments which ae planned fo the aea. The cumulative effect of the existing congestion and the poposed developments will necessitate impovement of key intesections and highway segments, some of which have aleady been pogammed on the TIP. TABLE 2 Ten Wost Pefoming Intesections Intesection Diection Peak Peiod Appoach Delay (sec) 1. PA 113 at PA 401 PA 113 at PA 401 PA 401 at PA 113 SB NB EB AM PM AM US 322 at US 30 Business NB PM US 322 at Hopewell Road NB PM PA 401 at Phoenixville Pike PA 401 at Phoenixville Pike WB EB PM AM PA 100 at S. Exit Ramp of Exton By-Pass NB PM PA 401 at Mooes Road PA 401 at Mooes Road WB EB PM AM Little Conestoga Road at PA 100 EB AM Eagleview Blvd at PA 100 NB AM US 30 Business at Pak Lane EB PM US 30 Business at PA 100 US 30 Business at PA 100 PA 100 at US 30 Business EB EB SB AM PM PM

48

49 BOOT AL NANTME CONESTOGA HORSESHOE # 340 % J # % A 6715 # # FONT TRAIL WALLACE % % F E % D B % FELLOWSHIP % # # # % 6772 # CONESTOGA EAST NANTMEAL 401 LIONV C KIMBERTON ILLE STATION REEK PIKE % I # % # % H # # PHOENIXVILLE CONESTOGA BACTON HILL ROAD AV GUTHRIESVILLE UWCHLAN CREEK HORSESHOE WEST BYPASS PIKE DOWNINGTOWN QUARRY COATESVILLE HWY GREENHILL PHOENIXVILLE BYPASS NEWCOMEN EXTON LINE GOON E AGLEVIEW BLVD DR MILFO TOWNSHIP WHITFO SHIP EAST BRANDYWINE UPPER UWCHLAN UWCHLAN WEST VINCENT WEST PIKELAND EAST PIKELAND CHARLESTOWN 76 HIGHWAY KING VALLEY OLD SWEDESFO PLANEBROOK BURKE BLVD SHOEN EAST CALN EAST WHITELAND WATERLOO LINCOLN WEST WHITELAND EAST GOSHEN KINGS 30 CALN Highway Impovement BUS Downingtown BYERS PARK LITTLE PIKE HOPEWELL WASHINGTON LITTLE PA 100 CMS % Poposed Development A. The Reseve at Eagle B. Waynebook at Eagle C. Eaglepointe D. Byes Station E. Achdiosese of Philadelphia F. Eagle Hunt G. Vanguad Copoate Campus H. Malven Hunt I. Town Cente J. Keystone Oppotunity Zone K. Atwate Development 999 Study Aea Road Poposed Road TIP Numbe Roadway Impovement # Intesection % Impovement Bidge Impovement # Congested Intesection N Miles Delawae Valley Regional Planning Commission June C Closed Loop Signals 6907PA 100 ByPass Road Widening 6903 Road Widening Map 8: Most Congested Intesections, Poposed Development & Pogammed TIP Pojects G % K

50

51 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 41 An analysis was done on the ten most congested intesections to identify impovement stategies. The following is a desciption of the congested intesection. Existing conditions wee evaluated and ecommendations wee made to alleviate cuent and futue congestion. The ecommended impovements ae coodinated with local, state, and fedeal constuction pojects. These impovements include TIP pojects, adding capacity to oadways and intesections, ITS elements, and the constuction of loop oads and by-passes. 1. PA 113 at PA 401 Existing Conditions This intesection expeiences temendous delay on the southbound appoach on PA 113. An aveage of 207 seconds of delay is expeienced on PA 113 on this appoach in the AM peak. In the nothbound diection on PA 113, dives incu an aveage of 70 seconds of delay duing the PM peak. The aveage delay fo the eastbound appoach on PA 401 duing the AM peak was 86 seconds. Each appoach of the intesection has only one lane fo the ight, left and though movements. Motoists fequently use the shouldes to maneuve aound left-tuning vehicles. The pavement stiping is baely visible, and thee ae no pedestian cosswalks. The Sunoco Station, located on the southeast cone of the intesection, is used by vehicles to make illegal tuns. Duing peak hous, vehicles tuning out of the sevice station also impede the flow of taffic though the intesection. Recommended Impovements a. TIP Poject # 6772 will widen the intesection to impove safety and channelization by adding left tun lanes on all fou appoaches. The ight-of-way acquisitions began in FY99, and the constuction is undeway. b. Install oad designation signs on the cossba of the taffic signal to assist unfamilia dives and impove taffic flow. c. Taffic flow at this intesection should be peiodically evaluated to detemine the effectiveness of the planned impovements. d. Signal phasing should eflect peak hou volumes to impove taffic flow. 2. US 322 / PA 282 at US 30 Business Existing Conditions This intesection expeiences an aveage of 197 seconds of delay on the nothbound appoach duing the PM peak. The appoach has a left tun lane and a though / ight tun lane. The othe appoaches on US 30 Business ae esticted fom adding additional lanes due to dense commecial development of Downingtown. Thee is a split phasing cycle on US 30 Business in both diections. Cubside paking on US 322 between the ail ovepass and US 30 Business, and numeous cub cuts thoughout the coido also incease delay. This aea is also has high pedestian activity thoughout the CBD, and thee ae no cosswalk signals and the pavement makings ae badly faded.

52 Page 42 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Recommended Impovements a. TIP Poject # 6911 will coodinate the taffic signals though the Downingtown coido to include the intesections at Mano Road, Pak Lane, and PA 113 to impove taffic flow along US Business 30. The constuction is scheduled to begin afte FY02. b. Futhe evaluate the Pak Lane, Wallace Avenue, and US 30 Business intesection to implement an impoved signal phasing system. This would educe oveall intesection delay. c. Realign the nothbound appoach of US 322 at US 30 Business to impove channelization. d. Incopoate oad designation signs on the cossbas at all appoaches to assist unfamilia dives. e. Intoduce cosswalk signals fo pedestians and upgade and maintain cosswalks and intesection stiping. This measue would optimize pedestian flow thoughout the Downingtown Cental Business Distict. f. The Downingtown Steetscape Impovement Poject, planned fo downtown Downingtown, poposes many vehicula and pedestian impovements to the aea. The Boough s pioity is to optimize pedestian movement in this aea. As a esult, vehicula taffic flow may be compomised. g. Implementing the Pefeed Altenative of the Keystone Oppotunity Zone (KOZ) Needs Analysis would also mitigate taffic flow on US 30 Business though Downingtown. One scenaio would educe the vehicula demand at the intesection of US 322 and US 30 by poviding an altenate oute fo these vehicles. This would include the extension of Mano Avenue (US 322) fom US 30 to Bandywine Avenue via a bidge ove Bandywine Ceek. Thee would also be a connection fom the Mano Avenue extension to the KOZ. 3. US 322 at Hopewell Road Existing Conditions The westbound appoach of US 322 at Hopewell Road is congested duing the PM peak. The eastbound appoach expeiences congestion in the AM peak. Both appoaches of US 322 have a left tun lane and one though / ight tun lane. Vehicles expeience 128 seconds of delay on the nothbound appoach of the intesection. US 322 has left tun lanes in both diections, although thee is no pemitted phasing fo tuning vehicles. Delay can be attibuted to the high volumes of westbound taffic in the PM peak. Thee is commecial development on thee cones of the intesection. Numeous cub cuts at the intesection also contibutes to additional delay. Recommended Impovements a. Optimize all phases of the signal timing to incease geen time to the east- and westbound taffic on US 322 duing peak peiods. As esidential and commecial developments continue to incease in the vicinity of the US 322 / Hopewell intesection, futue eastbound AM peak volumes on US 322 is also expected to significantly incease. b. Install oad designation signs on the cossba of the taffic signal to assist unfamilia dives.

53 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 43 c. Extend nothbound appoach left tun lane to accommodate moe vehicles. This would help to avoid queued vehicles blocking the though and ight tun lane. A potected left tun signal at this appoach to incease taffic flow duing peak peiods should be also be consideed. d. Locate a Pak and Ride facility west of the Hopewell Road intesection on US 322 to educe vehicle tips in the aea. 4. PA 401 at Phoenixville Pike Existing Conditions The east-west taffic on PA 401 is heavily congested in both the AM and PM peaks. Duing the AM Peak, the westbound appoach taffic expeiences an aveage of 127 seconds of delay, while the eastbound appoach taffic expeiences 106 seconds of delay duing the PM Peak. Both appoaches have left tun lanes and though lanes. The southbound appoach of Phoenixville Pike has one left and one though lane with a potected left tun signal, while the nothbound appoach has only one lane fo all movements. The signal cycle phasing is split on the noth and south appoaches on Phoenixville Pike, which inceases delay. The intesection expeienced vey high volumes on the westbound appoach due to taffic coming off US 202 duing the PM peak. The Mooes Road intesection is located appoximately a thid of a mile east of Phoenixville Pike on PA 401, and taffic is heavily congested though the aea duing peak peiods. The Geat Valley High School, located just noth of this intesection on Phoenixville Pike esults in high volumes tuning onto the nothbound leg of Phoenixville Pike duing the AM peak. The split phasing and high peak volumes esult in a Level of Sevice F in peak peiods. Recommended Impovements a. Coodinate the taffic signals at Mooes Road and Phoenixville Pike intesections on PA 401 to impove taffic flow. b. Add a ight tun lane on PA 401 on the westbound appoach to impove congestion fo the lage numbe of vehicles tuning onto Phoenixville Pike. c. Adjust the signal timing to povide moe geen time to the east and westbound taffic in PA 401 duing peak peiods to impove taffic flow on PA 401. d. The US 202 Section 300 poject will add additional capacity to the US 202 and PA 401 intechange, impoving taffic flow and adding taffic signals.

54 Page 44 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido 5. PA 100 at South Side Exit Ramp of Exton By-Pass Existing Conditions The PA 100 / US 202 Connecto meges with PA 100 between Boot Road and the Exton By-Pass. Thee is a lage volume of taffic coming off the Connecto duing the PM peak. The taffic becomes congested fom the taffic signals at the Exton By-Pass though the mege aea of the PA 100 / US 202 Connecto. Tavel speeds on this segment aveage eighteen miles pe hou duing the PM peak. Thee is also a slow pogession of taffic though the south exit amp signal, the noth exit amp signal, and the at the Batlett Avenue intesection on PA 100. Recommended Impovements a. When implemented, evaluate the taffic signals on PA 100 though the two taffic signals of the Exton By-Pass intechange and Batlett Avenue intesection to incease the taffic flow. b. As pat of the West Whiteland Town Cente Poject, PA 100 will be expanded to thee tavel lanes in each diection between the Exton By-Pass and US 30 Business. A system of new loop oads into the new development fom US 30 Business will also help alleviate taffic on PA 100. c. A poposed Intelligent Tanspotation Systems element on the US 30 By-Pass would monito taffic conditions and alet dives of any advese situations. 6. PA 401 at Mooes Road Existing Conditions This intesection is heavily affected by the PA 401 and US 202 intechange. Duing the PM peak, vehicles ae queued fom the Mooes Road intesection onto the US 202 southbound exit amp. Thee is insufficient mege aea on the westbound exit amp fom US 202. Vehicles needing to make a ight tun at Mooes Road off the US 202 amp will often dive on the shoulde to avoid meging altogethe. The westbound leg has one though lane, a shaed though/left tun lane, and a ight tun lane. The ight tun lane has only enough capacity fo two o thee vehicles, and thee is a weaving conflict between the vehicles meging off US 202 and the vehicles making a ight tun at Mooes. PA 401 westbound also naows fom two to one lane in each diection immediately past the Mooes Road intesection, esulting in additional delays. Recommended Impovements a. Coodinate the Mooes Road and Phoenixville Pike taffic signals on PA 401 to incease the pogession of taffic duing peak peiods. b. Incease the capacity on PA 401 between Mooes Road and Phoenixville Pike fom two to fou lanes to accommodate taffic making a ight tun onto Phoenixville Pike that ae destined fo the schools and copoate office paks. c. The US 202 Section 300 poject will add capacity to the US 202 and PA 401 intechange by impoving taffic flow and adding taffic signals.

55 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page Little Conestoga Road at PA 100 Existing Conditions The appoach on Little Conestoga Road to PA 100 is vey congested duing the AM Peak. Both PA 100 and Little Conestoga Road ae one lane in each diection. The appoach leg of Little Conestoga at PA 100 has one lane to make the ight tun; left tuns ae pohibited. Taffic in the AM peak is congested on PA 100, and taffic on Little Conestoga is delayed while tying to make a ight tun onto PA 100. Taffic on PA 100 is slowed due to heavy volumes and vehicles making a left tun onto Byes Road, which is less than one-tenth of a mile south of the PA 100 / Little Conestoga Road intesection. If a vehicle is tuning left duing the heavy moning volumes, the taffic quickly backs up past the Little Conestoga intesection. Heavy volumes on PA 100 esult in 105 seconds of delay fo vehicles on Little Conestoga Road. Vehicles fequently use the shoulde to get aound left tuning vehicles on PA 100 at Byes in the southbound diection and on PA 100 at Little Conestoga in the nothbound diection. Many of the causes of delay thoughout the Byes / Little Conestoga / Pak section on PA 100 expeienced in the AM peak in the southbound diection ae also expeienced on PA 100 duing the PM peak in the nothbound diection. The paking lot of the Eagle Taven, located on the notheast cone of the intesection, also poses a hazzad. Vehicles have a difficulty enteing and exiting the paking lot duing peak hous. Vehicles often cut though the Eagle Taven lot to make an illegal tun. Recommended Impovements Shot tem: a. Impove and widen the shouldes on PA 100 to allow safe passing aound left tuning vehicles. b. Eect waning signs on PA 100 to alet motoists of slowed o stopped taffic at Little Conestoga Road due to lage volumes of meging taffic. c. TIP Poject # 6782 would eliminate the left tun fom PA 100 onto Little Conestoga Road and shift the left tun movement to Pak Road. The Pak Road / PA 100 intesection would also be widened on all appoaches and install a new taffic signal. Mid tem: a. TIP Poject # 6907 would constuct a two lane PA 100 loop oad fom the Pennsylvania Tunpike to Fellowship Road. The alignment of the loop oad would be to the east of Eagle Road. This loop oad, called Eagle Loop Road, would geatly educe taffic volumes though the Pak Road, Little Conestoga Road, and Byes Road intesections. The design and constuction of the loop oad is scheduled fo some time afte FY02. b. Uppe Uwchlan Township is poposing Eagle Point Boulevad to connect Pak Road with PA 100. This would elieve taffic congestion at PA 100 and Little Conestoga Road. Long tem: a. The poposed loop oad TIP Poject #6907, would expand PA 100 to five lanes.

56 Page 46 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido 8. Eagleview Boulevad at PA 100 Existing Conditions Eagleview Boulevad, at PA 100, is the entance to the Eagleview Copoate Pak. The taffic exiting the Eagleview Pak at PA 100 expeiences long delays due to the extend cycle lengths. The taffic signal cycle favos PA 100, due to lage volumes of taffic. Duing PM peak, not all of the queued vehicles on Eagleview Boulevad can clea the PA 100 intesection, and must wait a second cycle. Vehicles at the eastbound appoach on Eagleview Boulevad expeience an aveage of 54 seconds of delay. Recommended Impovements a. Allow slight adjustments in the signal timings duing the PM peak peiod to allow fo the exiting taffic fom the Eagleview Copoate Pak. b. Conduct futhe analysis at this intesection in the futue as Eagleview development and elated taffic volumes incease. 9. US 30 Business at Pak Lane Existing Conditions The US 30 coido is vey congested duing both the AM and PM peak peiods. The aveage tavel speed duing the PM peak eastbound fom Mano Avenue to Pak Lane and fom PA 113 to Pak Lane in the westbound diection is less than five miles pe hou. Duing the AM peak, fom Geen Steet to Pak Lane, the aveage tavel speed is just six miles pe hou. This intesection is located in the CBD of Downingtown, an intensely commecial uban setting, and adding capacity to the intesection is not feasible. The westbound appoach on US 30 has a ight tun lane and a left / though lane. The eastbound appoach has a left tun lane and a ight / though lane. This is an aea of high pedestian activity, and thee ae no pedestian cosswalks at the intesection. Recommended Impovements Impovements to this intesection should be done in concet with those ecommended fo #2, US 322 / PA 282 at US 30 Business, which is in the same geneal aea. a. TIP Poject # 6911 will coodinate the taffic signals though the Downingtown coido to include the intesections at Mano Road, Pak Lane, and PA 113 to impove taffic flow along US Business 30. The constuction is scheduled to begin afte FY02. b. Install pedestian signals and cosswalks at the intesection to seve the pedestian taffic of the CBD. c. The Downingtown Steetscape Impovement Poject, planned fo downtown Downingtown, poposes many vehicula and pedestian impovements to the aea. This measue would optimize pedestian flow thoughout the Downingtown Cental Business Distict. d. Implementing the Pefeed Altenative of the Keystone Oppotunity Zone Needs Analysis that would also mitigate taffic flow on US 30 Business though Downingtown.

57 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page US 30 Business at PA 100 Existing Conditions PA 100 and US 30 Business ae both heavily taveled coidos in the egion. Thee ae also majo commecial aeas located within the vicinity, including the Exton Mall. Subsequently, this intesection expeiences delays on all appoaches duing the peak peiods due to the heavy taffic geneated by the commecial activity and daily commutes. Additional lanes have ecently been added to the intesection. Thee ae no pedestian cosswalks at the intesection. All appoaches have ight-tun only lanes, and the appoaches on US 30 have two left-tuning lanes. Much of the delay is due to heavy volumes, especially on noth- and southbound PA 100. Recommended Impovements a. Evaluate the taffic signal timing to impove phasing duing peak hous. b. Due to the ecent econstuction of the PA 100 and US 30 intesection, taffic pattens should be evaluated in the futue to evaluate the ecent impovements. c. Reduce backgound volumes by instituting TDM measues. d. As pat of the West Whiteland Town Cente Poject, PA 100 will be expanded to thee tavel lanes in each diection between the Exton By-Pass and US 30 Business. A system of new loop oads into the new development fom US 30 Business will also help alleviate taffic at the US 30 Business / PA 100 intesection. A summay of ateial and intesection stategies is listed in Table 3. The impovements ecommended fo the intesections ae site specific, while the ateial impovements may apply to all o pats of the ateial section.

58 Page 48 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido TABLE 3 Summay of Ateial and Intesection Stategies Location Signal Coo. Signal Timing Paking Study Intesection Widening Road Widening Shoulde Impov. Pedestian Cosswalks 1. PA 113 at PA 401 X X X X X 2. PA 113 at PA 100 X X 3. PA 113 between Godon Dive and PA 100 X 4. US 322 at US 30 Business X X X X X X 5. US 322 between Boot Road and US 30 X 6. US 322 at Hopewell Road X X X X Left Tun Lane Right Tun Lane Left Tun Signals Ovehead Steet Signs 7. US 322 between Noth Lloyd Avenue and Rock Raymond Road X X X 8. PA 401 at Phoenixville Pike X X X X 9. PA 401 at Mooes Road X X X X PA 401 between Mooes Road and 10. Phoenixville Pike X X 11. PA 100 at Little Conestoga Road X 12. PA 100 at Pak Road X X 13. PA 100 at Eagleview Boulevad X 14. PA 100 at Exton By-Pass X 15. US 30 Business at Pak Lane X X X X US 30 Business fom Mille Road to Exton 16. X X Squae Pakway 17. US 30 Business at PA 100 X X X

59 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 49 VII. TRANSIT SERVICE Tansit sevice within the study aea is pimaily concentated along the PA 100 and US 30 coidos. As can be seen fom Map 9, Public Tanspotation Netwok, all public tansit within the study aea is povided by Southeasten Pennsylvania Tanspotation Authoity (SEPTA), AMTRAK and Kapf s Tansit. SEPTA s R-5 Thondale / Paoli line, is the sole commute ail line in the study aea. AMTRAK s intecity sevice via its Keystone Sevice povides high speed sevice between Haisbug, Philadelphia, and New Yok. AMTRAK s Pennsylvanian tains povides egional connections to New Yok, Philadelphia, and Pittsbugh. SEPTA Route 92 Bus (Exton - West Cheste), SEPTA s Route 204 bus, and Kapf s Tansit bus Route A povide local bus sevice. The Tanspotation Management Association of Cheste County (TMACC) povides scheduled shuttle bus sevice to majo employment sites in the aea with the Phlye. West Whiteland Township and SEPTA opeate the WHIRL bus which seves the Exton, Whitfod, Whiteland Towne Cente, Exton Squae Mall, and the Oaklands Copoate Cente. Based on 2000 census numbes, only 2.6% of Cheste County s esidents commuted to wok by public tanspotation. This is a decease of 0.3 % fom Rail tansit is oiented towads Cente City Philadelphia, the taditional employment cente. Subub to subub tansit access is made possible in cases whee connecting bus sevice fom tain stations to employment sites exist. Seveal bus shuttles connecting the Exton ail station with outlying office paks and etail centes ae in opeation. R5 Regional Rail Sevice The R5 povides fequent daily sevice to the sections of the study aea in the vicinity of US 30. Downingtown, Whitfod, and Exton stations povide pak and ide lots fo SEPTA patons at these stations. Thee ae six AM peak tains and a total of 9 inbound weekday AM tains which seve all thee stations in the study aea. Oveall, 17 inbound tains depat fom Downingtown Station between 5:56 AM and 10:47 PM, while thee ae 19 outbound weekday tains aiving at the same station between 7:47 AM to 1:16 AM. These tains also seve the Whitfod and Exton stations. Downingtown Station is accessible fom US 30 and Viaduct Road. Thee ae also connections to AMTRAK and Kapf s Tansit Route A. Accoding to SEPTA s 1999 ideship census, 386 passenges boad the tain to Cente City Philadelphia fom Downingtown Station. SEPTA s Decembe 2000 counts show a total of 213 daily paking spaces at this station with all 213 spaces being utilized. Thee ae also 99 city spaces available with 53% being utilized. Long tem onsteet paking is not pemitted on US 30 Business o on Viaduct Road which ae adjacent to the station. A plan is in place to develop a vacant lot which exists at the station fonting US 30 Business to be used fo additional commute paking. Whitfod Station is located at Whitfod Road and Spackman Lane just south of US 30 By-Pass. It is accessible fom Boot Road in the south and US 30 Business (Lincoln Highway) in the noth. A 1999 SEPTA census shows a total of 195 passenges boading the tain to Cente City Philadelphia fom this station. The station has a total of 280 spaces based on a Decembe 2000 suvey by SEPTA, of which 230 ae daily spaces and 50 ae fee spaces. At the time of the suvey,

60

61 UWCHLAN WEST PIKELAND BYERS LITTLE CONESTAGO KIMBERTON PARK 401 CONESTOGA BACTON HILL 282 UWCHLAN CHARLESTOWN E A GLEVIEW GOON DR BLVD MILFO EAST WHITELAND 202 LINE UPPER UWCHLAN WHITFO VALLEY SWEDESFO OLD NEWCOMEN AV TOWNSHIP UWCH LAN SHIP HIGHWAY BLV SHOEN CREEK WATERLOO #Y 322 EAST CALN 30 #Y Whitfod #Y 100 WEST WHITELAND LINCOLN KING EXTONBYPASS BURK BOOT WES BYPAS QUARRY DOWNINGTOWN Downingtown Downingtown Exton PHOENIXVILLEPIKE PA 100 CMS #Y Rail Station R-5 SETPA Rail/ Amtak Poposed Road Kapf's Tansit Whil Commute Whil Ciculato SEPTA Bus Routes (expess) N Miles Delawae Valley Regional Planning Commission June 2002 Map 9: Public Tanspotation Netwok

62

63 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page of the daily spaces wee utilized while 37 of the pemit spaces wee utilized. Thee is an unpaved lot paallel to the station, which has a capacity of appoximately 20 cas. This lot is usually fully utilized. Exton Station is the eastenmost station in the study aea. It is accessible by PA 100, US 30 and US 202. It has a egional function due to its centalized location. Connections can be made hee to the # 92 SEPTA bus, which plies between West Cheste and Exton Mall, AMTRAK, thee Whil bus lines, and Kapf s Tansit Route A. Based on the Decembe 2000 SEPTA suvey, this station has a total of 220 daily spaces and 116 fee spaces, all of which ae utilized. Thee ae also 88 pemit spaces of which 66 ae utilized. Accoding to SEPTA s 1999 ideship census, a total of 416 passenges boad the R5 tain to Cente City at Exton Station. With all daily and most pemit spaces utilized, the demand fo commute paking at this station is theefoe acute. Bus Sevice Bus tansit sevice within the coido has an oientation towads West Cheste, the county seat, ail stations, and majo employment sites. SEPTA Route 92 seves the aea fom Exton to West Cheste, with PA 100, Boot Road, Phoenixville Pike, Mashall Steet, and High Steet being the pimay thooughfaes. It seves two pimay functions. Fist, it acts as a connecto between the Exton tain station and the majo employment centes in the aea such as the Exton Mall. Second, it povides access to and fom West Cheste and some of the coido s lagest esidential and employment sites. Thee ae six inbound buses in the AM and 10 outbound buses in the PM on this oute. Buses opeate on one hou headways in both diections, with the fist depatue fom Exton Mall at 6:50 AM and the last depatue at 9:50 PM. SEPTA s Route 204 bus is opeated by Kapf s Coaches and seves the aea fom Eagleview Copoate Pak to the Paoli tain station, using PA 100 and Lincoln Highway as the pimay thooughfaes. The majo employes seved by this oute consist of the Pickeing Ceek Industial Pak, Whiteland Business Pak, and Eagleview Copoate Pak. It also seves seveal etail centes, including the Exton Squae Mall and the Lionville Shopping Cente. Thee ae fou eastbound AM depatues fom the Eagleview Copoate Pak, while thee ae seven AM aivals at the same location. Thee ae a maximum of 16 eastbound depatues on this oute each day with sevice concentated at the Exton Mall. Kapf s Tansit Route A bus seves the Exton Mall, West Cheste, and communities along US 30. Thee ae 12 eastbound and 12 westbound buses that seve this aea daily. The fist bus depats Stode Avenue in Coatesville at 6:00 AM while the last bus depats the same location at 6:00 PM. The Phlye seves the aea fom the Sping City, Phoenixville Geat Valley Copoate Cente to the Exton Squae Mall. Thee ae fou AM depatues fom Sping City, with the fist at 5:35 AM and the last at 11:40 AM. Thee ae five PM depatues fom Exton Squae Mall, with the fist at 1:05 PM and the last at 9:50 PM. Thee ae thee Whil bus outes that povide sevice to the aea. The Whil Ciculato is the get aound town bus which povides loop sevice though West Whiteland. It has thee weekday AM

64 Page 54 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido depatues fom the Oaklands Copoate Cente and 11 weekday PM depatues fom the same location. The Whil Commute / Oaklands Copoate Cente Route povides weekday sevice fo evese commutes fom the Philadelphia aea to the wokplaces in the Exton aea, Whiteland Town Cente, and Oaklands Copoate Cente via the R5 Regional Rail line. Thee ae thee AM aivals and two PM depatues fom Exton station. The Whil Commute / Indian King Route povides weekday sevice fo pesons commuting to the R5 tain fom Exton to Philadelphia o to Thondale. Thee ae five AM aivals and five PM depatues at the Exton Station. CMS Benefits of Tansit Sevice Impovements New o impoved tansit sevice is only a valid CMS stategy so fa as it attacts taveles, paticulaly commutes, who would othewise dive. To manage taffic congestion by tansit sevice impovements o tansit use incentives, it is necessay to identify elements that may convet taveles who choose to dive to become tansit passenges. An analysis of such factos is as follows: Ä Ä Ä Ä Tavel Time - With the exception of ail tansit sevice fom the westen end of the coido into Philadelphia, tansit tavel times compae unfavoably with diving. Because sububan employment centes ae dispesed, bus tansit is the only viable tansit option. Slow bus taffic, due to congestion and fequent stops, negatively affects tavel times. The delays in tansit tavel time is futhe exacebated by the time spent accessing and waiting fo tansit, and making connections befoe eaching the final destination. Cost - Fo commutes that cuently dive, it is easonable to assume that they have aleady taken steps, intentionally o by economic necessity, to minimize thei costs associated with diving. Employe paid tansit vouches ae the most diect incentive to encouage tansit use, paticulaly if the employe does not offe paking compensation o othe payment options. Paking estictions and pice inceases at dive destinations may also swing the financial advantage to tansit. Fequency of Sevice - The fact that a ca is available wheneve the dive wants it is a tansit-use deteent fo many commutes. Tansit, on the othe hand, foces passenges to confom thei schedule to tansit sevice times. Fequency is constained by the demand fo sevice and the esouces of the tansit opeato, but can often be impoved within these constaints by measues such as smalle, moe fequent buses o tains to a point whee infequent sevice is not a eason to avoid tansit. If sevice is evey 40-minutes, the employee who has to wok 10-minutes late than planned is unlikely to view tansit as a satisfactoy altenative to diving. If the headway is evey 15-minutes, it is unlikely that fequency would dete anyone not wholly opposed to taking tansit. Comfot and Convenience - These subjective lifestyle issues play a significant ole in tanspotation mode choice and should be integal to all sevices. Recognizing the lack of potential to captue new tansit ides by tavel time impovement o cost, and, usually the lack of demand o funding to incease fequency, comfot and convenience become pivotal factos fo impovement.

65 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 55 Tansit must become competitive in tems of tavel time, convenience, and lifestyle, if it is to be a viable option fo those cuently commuting by automobile. Seveal deficiencies exist which, if addessed, could incease the tansit shae in the egion and theefoe have a positive impact in mitigating congestion. Recommended Impovements A. Immediate Ä Ä Ä Ä Ä Tailblaze Signs - Eect tailblaze signs at stategic locations along ateials within the coido (US 202, US 30, PA 100, Boot Road, and Whitfod Road) to indicate the diection to the neaest o most convenient point of access fo SEPTA s ail stations. These signs would incease the visibility of tansit as a tavel mode. Signs should also be placed along US 30, PA 100, and PA 113 to diect dives to the pak and ide lots at US 30 at the US 202 intechange in East Whiteland Township and on PA 113 at PA 100 in Uwchlan Township. It is ecommended that the tailblaze assembly be designed to include the appopiate SEPTA tain/bus symbol and a single-headed, diectional aow pointed along the oute leading to the facility. Impove Station Access - Impove appoaches to station aea by poviding adequate lighting, as well as safe and unimpeded accessways fo pedestian taffic. The Downingtown Station in paticula needs sidewalks, cosswalks, pedestian actuation whee appopiate, and othe pedestian impovements to povide safe pedestian access. A pedestian bidge ove PA 100 should be constucted at the Exton Station to povide bette pedestian access. Waiting Aeas - Impove waiting aeas at tansit stations by poviding adequate shelte such as canopies, benches, and glass windsceens designed fo custome comfot. Since the value of tansit as a congestion eduction measue is to seve commutes who could othewise dive, such measues must compete with comfot and convenience of a pivate vehicle. Most stations along the R5 line have been enovated ove the past few yeas and ae in need of only mino impovement. Bus Stop Sheltes - Eect sheltes at existing bus stops, whee appopiate, along the majo bus coidos such as PA 100, PA 113 in Lionville, Eagle View Boulevad, and US 30. These sheltes should be made accessible by having paved walkways on thei appoach and having appopiate seating and glass windsceens to enhance custome comfot. A cuent bus schedule should be posted at each bus stop fo each oute as well as tansfe points fo intesecting buses and tains. This will incease the attactiveness of tansit and could esult in a coesponding decease in auto tavel. Location of Bus Stops - Whee feasible, paking bays that emove buses fom the taffic steam while loading and unloading should be constucted. This will encouage bus use by making the sevice moe attactive and safe and educe delay fo othe vehicles on the oadway.

66 Page 56 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Ä Bicycle Paking - Bike acks that ae functional and secue should be povided at all aiload stations. Bicycle lockes ae not povided at any station along the R5 line within the study aea. Since bicycles ae not pemitted on tains duing peak peiods, bicycle commute s access to tansit is discouaged by a lack of secue stoage at the egional stations. A CMS commitment has been made by SEPTA fo impovements elated to US 202, which will include installing bike lockes at all ail stations in the study aea. B. Long Tem Ä Paking - Povide adequate paking at tansit stations to accommodate cuent demand and pojected futue gowth in tansit ideship. SEPTA maintains pak-and-ide lots at the thee R5 ail stations within the study aea. These SEPTA-owned paking lots povide a total of 917 spaces, which include daily as well as monthly pemit uses. In addition to the SEPTA lots, thee ae 99 municipal paking spaces at the ail stations. A field inventoy of paking indicates that thee is geneally moe demand fo paking than space povided. In most locations, thee ae no altenatives to pak nea the station othe than in the SEPTA lot. The lack of paking at some stations makes commuting by tain unavailable, o at best an uneliable choice fo an unknown numbe of commutes who compise a latent demand. Futhemoe, the lack of paking negates much of the potential to attact new ides. Ä Ä Inceased Fequency - An altenative would be to examine the feasibility of inceasing the numbe of expess tains that seve the heavy loading stations, paticulaly the Exton station, duing the peak peiod. The feasibility of opeating a second Geat Valley Flye should be consideed based on peak demand. Ciculato Bus Sevice - Study the feasibility of ciculato bus sevice fo all types of development in the study aea and fo commecial development in aeas that may be seved by tansit fom the coido. Rathe than poviding inadequate sevice fo a lage numbe of oigins and employment centes, it is moe desiable to seve outes with the most pomising tip demand and employe / community suppot.

67 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 57 Table 4 povides a summay of the tansit stategies and station enhancements that should be employed at o close to egional ail stations within the coido that will facilitate inceased ail ideship. TABLE 4 Summay of Tansit Stategies R5 Regional Rail Station Tailblaze Signs on Appoach Roads Station Facade Rehab. Impove Pedestian Access Impove Station Amenities Bike Racks Additional Paking* Exton X X X X X X Whitfod X X X X Downingtown X X X X X X * Paking lots at these stations may have a few empty geneal spaces, o unused pemit spaces o handicap spaces. Howeve, full utilization of outlying spaces and the pesence of illegally paked vehicles indicate that commutes can not ely on finding a space; the lots ae effectively beyond capacity.

68

69 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 59 VIII JOURNEY-TO-WORK TRAVEL PATTERNS In applying the DVRPC tavel demand foecasting model in the study aea, the nine-county Delawae Valley egion was divided into 43 taffic analysis Zones (TAZs). All o pat of Zones 1 though 5, Zones 7 though 10, Zone 12, Zone 14, and Zones 18 though 20, falls in the PA100 coido study aea. Peson, vehicle, and tansit home-based wok tips wee un sepaately in the foecast model. Most tips wee intenal tips (tips stating and ending in the same zone). Tip pattens indicate a tend of tips fom many oigins to many destinations. To bette analyze these tends, seven supezones (a combination of seveal taffic analysis zones outside of the study aea) wee ceated. Tavel to and fom these supezones to the study aea was evaluated, as was tavel between the zones within the study aea. Peson Tips Table 5 illustates the majo municipal oigins and destinations fo peson tips within the study aea. This is followed by a seies of tables and maps which povide a detailed analysis of peson tips by zones. Zone 1 Zone 1 is located pimaily in the southeasten quadant of the study aea and is compised entiely of the township of West Whiteland. It is located at the tanspotation nexus of US 30 and PA 100, which povides egionwide highway and tansit access. As can be seen fom Table 6 and Maps 10 and 11, the yea 2025 foecast shows a total of 49,804 Home Based Wok (HBW) peson tips enteing this zone and 21,995 HBW peson tips oiginating in this zone. These figues include a total of 6,037 intenal tips. The intesection of PA 100 and US 30 is located nea the centoid of the zone. This is a nexus of copoate office paks and etail establishments. US 202 and US 30 intesect at the easten edge of the zone. Within the study aea, Zones 3 and 12 geneate the most tips to Zone 1 with 5,249 and 4,391 tips, espectively, based on the 2025 foecast. Zones 2 and 5 send ove 3,000 tips pe day to Zone 1. Outside the study aea, supezone 26 (westen Cheste County) to the west, geneates 5,358 o 11% of the wok tips to Zone 1. Zone 1 is well seved by the highways cited above. Fom the noth, the most logical oute fo commutes is PA 100, while fom the south they will have the option of US 202 o PA 100. Fom the east, US 202 and US 30 povide access. To and fom the west, US 30 is the majo access oad to the aea. Commutes leaving Zone 1 pimaily tavel to fou zones. Zones 10 and 12, as well as supezones 22 and 25, each attact ove 2,000 tips fom Zone 1. Zone 10 eceives the most tips fom Zone 1, at 2,428 tips.

70 Table 5: 2025 Home Based Wok Peson Tips (>500) Destination West Whiteland Downingtown Uwchlan Coatesville West Bandywine Uppe Uwchlan East Whiteland Willistown West Goshen, East Goshen West Cheste East Badfod Kennett, Oxfod, Avondale Octoao Honeybook, West Caln Coventy, Wawick West Vincent, East Vincent Phoenixville Tedyffin Cheste City, Westen Del. County Noth Westen Del. County South Easten Del. County South Philadelphia West Philadelphia Noth Philadelphia Meions Conshohocken Aea Noistown Aea Lowe Pekiomen Pottstown, Uppe Pekiomen Beks County Noth Penn Cente City West Whiteland Downingtown Uwchlan E. Bandywine Coatesville W. Bandywine Uppe Uwchlan West Pikeland East Whiteland Willistown West Goshen, East Goshen West Cheste East Badfod Kennett, Oxfod, Avondale Oigin Octoao Honeybook, West Caln Coventy, Wawick West Vincent, East Vincent Phoenixville Tedyffin Cheste City, W. Del. County Noth Westen Del. County South Easten Del. County N. Philadelphia Meions Noistown Aea L. Pekiomen Pottstown, U. Pekiomen Noth Penn 678 Cente City Tips > 4000 Tips Beginning o Ending within Study Aea Tips between Cente City and the Study Aea

71 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 61 Table 6: Zone 1 HBW Peson Tips Destination Zone Tips Oiginating in Zone 1 Pecent Oigin Zone Tips Teminating in Zone 1 Pecent % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 21* 589 3% 21* % 22* % 22* % 23* 303 1% 23* 15 0% 24* % 24* % 25* % 25* % 26* 208 1% 26* % 27* % 27* % TOTAL % TOTAL % *Zones ae Supezones consisting of combinations of zones as follows: Supezone Zones , , , , 22

72

73

74

75

76

77 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 67 Zone 2 Zone 2 is located in the southwest potion of the study aea. This includes some of the moe developed aeas of the zone, as well as congested oads, such as US 30, PA 113 and US 322. It includes the townships of East Caln and West Badfod, and the boough of Downingtown. While it accounts fo less tips than Zone 1, it is still a majo contibuto of wok tips in the study aea. As illustated in Table 7 and Maps 12 and 13, the yea 2025 foecast shows almost 30,000 tips oiginating in the zone and just fewe than 20,000 tips teminating thee. Intenal tips account fo the lagest numbe (4,274) of tips in the zone. Zone 2 sends 14% (3,944) of its commutes to Zone 1 and 9% (2,479) to Zone 12. Supezone 27 (westen Delawae County and southen Cheste County) to the southeast attacts the most tips outside the study aea with 2,896. Commutes taveling to Zone 2, tavel in the lagest numbes fom Zones 3 and 5 with 1,030 and 3,412 tips, espectively. Supezone 26 (westen Cheste County) to the south and west sends 21% (4,112) of the tips to Zone 2. The most logical oute fo commutes fom the east and west is US 30. PA 113 povides access fom the notheast while US 322 and PA 282 un fom the nothwest. US 322 is the most logical oute fo commutes taveling south. Table 7: Zone 2 HBW Peson Tips Destination Zone Tips Oiginating in Zone 2 Pecent Oigin Zone Tips Teminating in Zone 2 Pecent % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 21* 883 3% 21* 793 4% 22* % 22* 538 3% 23* 393 1% 23* 3 0% 24* % 24* 250 1% 25* % 25* 248 1% 26* % 26* % 27* % 27* 733 4% TOTAL % TOTAL % *Zones ae Supezones

78

79

80

81

82

83 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 73 Zone 3 This zone is located at the cente of the study aea and encompasses the PA 100 / PA 113 intesection and the PA 100 / Intestate 76 intechange, which facilitates access to a wide aea. This zone is delimited by the municipal bounday of Uwchlan Township. The intechange facilitates access to othe pats of the study aea and egion. In the vicinity of the intesection of PA 100 and PA 113, thee ae lage etail and copoate centes. As illustated in Table 8 and Maps 14 and 15, the yea 2025 foecast shows 25,036 tips oiginating in Zone 3 and 16,888 teminating in Zone 3. Zone 3 sends the lagest numbe of commutes to Zone 1 (5,249 o 21%). Zone 10 attacts 2,224 tips while 3,597 tips ae intenal tips. Outside of the study aea, supezone 22 (nothen Philadelphia County and easten Montgomey County) to the east eceives 2,550 tips o 10% of tips oiginating in Zone 3. The lagest numbe of tips teminating in Zone 3 ae intenal tips at 3,597. Zones 2, 5, and 8 all send ove 1,000 people to Zone 3 each day, with Zone 5 sending the most at 1,403 tips. Outside of the study aea, supezone 26 to the south and west geneates 2,030 (12%) tips to Zone 3. I-76 povides the most logical east-west access to Zone 3, while PA 100 povides noth-south access. PA 113 connects the notheast and southwest potions of the study aea. Table 8: Zone 3 HBW Peson Tips Destination Zone Tips Oiginating in Zone 3 Pecent Oigin Zone Tips Teminating in Zone 3 Pecent % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 21* 944 4% 21* % 22* % 22* 735 4% 23* 351 1% 23* 2 0% 24* % 24* 249 1% 25* % 25* 286 2% 26* 369 1% 26* % 27* % 27* 581 3% TOTAL % TOTAL % *Zones ae Supezones

84

85

86

87

88

89 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 79 Zone 5 This zone encompasses the aea of westen Cheste County and includes the townships of Caln, Valley, and East Fallowfield, and the boough of Coatesville. As illustated in Table 9 and Maps 16 and 17, the yea 2025 foecast shows a total of 29,914 home based wok peson tips enteing this zone and 39,513 home based wok peson tips oiginating in this zone. This includes a total of 10,657 intenal tips (tips that oiginate and end within the zone). A moe detailed examination shows the lagest souce of extenal tips to this zone, 9,977 tips, oiginating in supezone 26 (southwest Cheste County), while the second lagest souce, Zone 2, has 2,582 tips. All othe zones send less than 900 tips each to Zone 5. This zone is well seved by seveal highways: US 30, US 322, and US 340. US 30 povides excellent access, pimaily fom supezone 26 in the west and Zone 2 in the east. US 340 also povides access fom the west, albeit at a lesse degee than US 30. US 322 is an impotant nothsouth link to this zone. It is the most diect oute to Zone 14 in the south and Zone 4 in the noth. Tips leaving Zone 5 ae destined fo five pimay locations, Zones 1 and 2 as well as supezones 22, 26 and 27. Appoximately 9% of all tips fom Zone 5 ae destined fo Zones 1 and 2, (3,639 and 3,412, espectively). Supezone 22 (cental and easten Montgomey County) accounts fo 2,993 peson tips fom Zone 5, while supezones 26 (southwest Cheste County) and 27 (southen Cheste County and westen Delawae County) account fo 4,200 and 2,184 tips, espectively. Table 9: Zone 5 HBW Peson Tips Destination Zone Tips Oiginating in Zone 5 Pecent Oigin Zone Tips Teminating in Zone 5 Pecent % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 21* % 21* 805 3% 22* % 22* 474 2% 23* 705 2% 23* 2 0% 24* % 24* 179 1% 25* % 25* 174 1% 26* % 26* % 27* % 27* 449 2% TOTAL % TOTAL % *Zones ae Supezones

90

91

92

93

94

95 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 85 Zone 8 Zone 8 is located in the notheast section of the study aea. Intestate 76 and PA 100 ae the majo avenues passing though the zone. Zone 8 is totally contained in the township of Uppe Uwchlan. A elatively small numbe of tips oiginate and teminate in Zone 8. As illustated in Table 10 and Maps 18 and 19, the yea 2025 foecast shows that Zone 8 is the destination of only 7,787 tips fom the entie egion, and only 13,354 tips oiginate in Zone 8. The lagest numbe of tips oiginating in Zone 8 teminates in Zones 1 (1,809) and 3 (1,287). Zone 8 also has 1,553 intenal tips. Supezone 22 to the noth and west daws the most tips outside of the study aea at 1,379 o 10%. Zones 3 and 5 ae the only zones inside the study aea that contibute significant tips to Zone 8 at 634 and 685, espectively. Besides intenal tips, supezone 26 (southen and westen Cheste County) to the south and west is the only zone that sends moe than 1,000 people, with 1,290 tips o 17%. PA 100 is the most logical choice fo noth-south tips in Zone 8. PA 282 also uns nothsouth along the southwesten bode of the zone. I-76 povides fo east-west tavel, howeve, thee ae no intechanges within the zone. Table 10: Zone 8 HBW Peson Tips Destination Zone Tips Oiginating in Zone 8 Pecent Oigin Zone Tips Teminating in Zone 8 Pecent % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 21* 794 6% 21* 657 8% 22* % 22* 255 3% 23* 291 2% 23* 0 0% 24* 572 4% 24* 85 1% 25* 863 6% 25* 81 1% 26* 439 3% 26* % 27* 663 5% 27* 144 2% TOTAL % TOTAL % *Zones ae Supezones

96

97

98

99

100

101 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 91 Vehicle Tips The tends cited in the peson tip categoy emain vey simila fo vehicle tips, as most tavel in the study aea is completed by passenge ca (see Tables 11A and 11B). The tip numbes ae usually slightly lowe than the peson tips because of a ideshaing component. Zones 1, 3,10, and 12 attact the most vehicle tips, being majo employment destinations fo motoists in the study aea. Based on the 2025 foecast, each zone eceives at least 30,000 vehicle tips pe day with ove 50,000 vehicles taveling to Zone 1. Intenal tips account fo 27% o less of the tips teminating in each of the fou zones. Zones 1 and 3 seve as majo expotes, with ove 40,000 total vehicle tips oiginating in the two zones. Zone 3 sends 4,645, o 21%, of its vehicle tips to Zone 1, while moe than 2,000, o 11%, of vehicles fom Zone 1 is destined fo Zones 10 and 12 each. To emphasize the impotance of Zone 1 as a majo employment cente, the foecast data shows that it is the destination fo moe than 400 vehicle tips fom seven diffeent zones and accounts fo at least 8% of the tips fom each of eight zones. This is futhe enhanced by Zone 1 being at the tanspotation nexus of US 30 and PA 100, which povides egionwide vehicula access. Zone 3 encompasses the PA 100 / PA 113 intesection and the PA 100 / I-76 intechange, which facilitates access to a wide aea. Tansit Tips SEPTA s R-5 Regional Rail is the pimay tansit povide within the study aea. It uns paallel to the US 30 coido and seves the municipalities within its commuteshed. The stations of Downingtown, Whitfod, Exton and Thondale (to the west of the study aea) ae the majo access nodes to the system. SEPTA and Kapf s Tansit povides bus sevice to the majo employment centes in the aea. The pimay destination zone fo the majoity of tansit tips fom the zones within the study aea is Cente City Philadelphia. The lagest numbes of tansit ides oiginate fom Zones, 1, 3, 12, and 20 (see Table 11C) which epesent appoximately 73% of all tansit tips in the study aea. Each of these Zones seve as the oigin point fo moe than 100 Cente City-bound commutes each day. Commutes to Cente City account fo 39-56% of all tansit tips in these fou Zones. Zone 1 accounts fo the lagest numbe of tansit ides, due pimaily to the pesence of the Exton and Whitfod egional ail stations, as well as the study aea s pimay bus outes. Zones 11, 12, 13, and 20 wee the pimay destination Zones within the study aea, attacting between 362 and 407 tips to each Zone. The est of the study aea sees vey low tansit ideship with fewe than 100 tips fom each Zone. This is due mostly to the absence of a ail o bus netwok fo much of the aea.

102 Page 92 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Table 11 A Yea 2025 Home-Based Wok Tips Pimay Oigins and Destinations Peson Tips Pimay Destination Zones Zone 1 Zone 3 Zone 10 Zone 11 Zone 12 Total Tips * # % # % # % # % # % Oigin 1 6, , , , , , , , , , , , , , ,855 Table 11 B Yea 2025 Home-Based Wok Tips Pimay Oigins and Destinations Vehicle Tips Pimay Destination Zones Zone 1 Zone 3 Zone 10 Zone 11 Zone 12 Total Tips * # % # % # % # % # % Oigin 1 5, , , , , , , , , , , , , ,492 Table 11 C Yea 2025 Home-Based Wok Tips Pimay Oigins and Destinations Tansit Tips Pimay Destination Zones Zone 11 Zone 12 Zone 13 Zone 20 Zone 26 Total Tips * # % # % # % # % # % Oigin *Total numbe of tips within egion fom Zone of oigin

103 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 93 IX. DEVELOPMENT TRENDS Seveal esidential and commecial developments have been appoved fo the PA 100 study aea that will add to the congestion cuently expeienced on the majo ateials. The 2025 foecast shows an incease in pesonal and vehicle tips along the majo oadways. The moe citical stetches of these highways show cuent levels of sevice anging fom C though F. This will only deteioate once the planned developments ae completed. Map 8 shows the lagest developments planned fo the aea, epesenting moe than 1,030 esidential units and moe than 2,847,000 squae feet (SF) of office and commecial use. The following is a detailed desciption of these poposed developments. Futue Vanguad Copoate Campus at PA 100 A Vanguad copoate campus is poposed fo a site to the noth and east of PA 100. When completed, the campus will include the development of 2,000,000 SF of copoate campus space, as well as 500,000 SF of geneal office space, with a total of 8,000 employees. Phase I of constuction is scheduled fo completion in Based on a pevious DVRPC tavel simulation model fo 2020, the AADT fo the PA 100 coido between Eagleview Boulevad and PA 113 will be 56,400. This figue assumes a modeate amount of development on the new Vanguad copoate campus, but not full build-out. Assuming full build-out on the Vanguad site, PennDOT has estimated evening peak hou taffic foecast of 5,043 vehicles and an AADT volume of 64,657. Tip geneation fo the full build-out of the Vanguad site was shown to be 31,128 daily tips, based on data fom Vanguad s cuent campus. This incease in volume will have a significant impact on the adjacent oadways. Five intesections wee studied by PennDOT, and the moning and evening peak peiod LOS was detemined. These intesections ae located at PA 100 and Eagleview Boulevad, Sheee Boulevad and PA 113, Eagleview Boulevad and Sheee Boulevad, and Sheee Boulevad and the Vanguad access Dive. Without oad impovements, thee is expected to be failue at 4 out of the 5 intesections duing at least one peak peiod. Only the intesection of Eagleview Boulevad and PA 100 offes a D LOS duing both peak peiods. Keystone Oppotunity Zone - Downingtown Boough The Boough of Dowingtown has established a Keystone Oppotunity Zone (KOZ) of appoximately 70 aces adjacent to the Conail ight-of-way extending fom Lloyd Avenue to Bandywine Avenue (US 322). This aea is planned to be developed as a mix of office, etail, eceation and / o esidential uses in the coming yeas. It is assumed that the majoity of the development will occu within the geneal aea bounded by Badfod Avenue, Viaduct Avenue, and Lancaste Avenue. An incease in taffic volumes as a esult of the development of the KOZ is expected to exacebate the AM and PM peak volumes on US 30. Mitigating measues will have to be taken in ode to alleviate congestion in this aea.

104 Page 94 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Wal-Mat Site and West Whiteland Poposed Town Cente An aea to the west of PA 100 between the US 30 Business and US 30 By-Pass intechange is being developed to house a Wal-Mat stoe. A new enty will be ceated on PA 100 to povide diect access to the site. In addition, a oad paallel to US 30 will be constucted to povide altenate access to the site fom US 30 Business, as well as to the planned West Whiteland Town Cente development. This town cente is an aea of the community that the Township intends to be developed in such a way that sense of place is ceated. To this end, the Township has adopted Odinances that equie cetain pedestian amenities and design featues fo all development within the Town Cente Zoning Distict. These featues include: steet lights, bick paves at intesections and access ways, steet tees, and sidewalks. Othe featues, such as benches and bike acks, will be equied when appopiate fo the development. Finally, the West Whiteland Town Cente will be the aea of the Township whee the most intense land uses and mix of land uses will be located. Once these developments ae complete, the intesection of US 30 and PA 100 will have to be upgaded to accommodate the inceased taffic volumes. Tammel Cow s Atwate Development - East Whiteland The poposed Atwate Development is located on the easten side of PA 29, and the southely side of Yellow Spings Road in East Whiteland and Tedyffin Townships. It will compise a total of appoximately 2.5 million squae feet of class A office space and is expected to ceate 10,000 new jobs on site at full build-out. The design yea is Although this development is outside the study aea, it is expected that employees will be commuting to the site fom the study aea, theeby affecting the access oads duing peak peiods. Taffic mitigation measues have been planned fo the site to amelioate this impact. This includes a new intechange on the Pennsylvania Tunpike at PA 29. Development on PA 100 Thee ae a numbe of impotant development pojects undeway, o soon to be undeway, along PA 100. Uppe Uwchlan Township has appoved development applications fo 6 significant pojects on PA 100. The Reseve at Eagle is a 208 Single Family Unit development that will be located in the vicinity of PA 100 and Font Road. The Eagle Hunt Development to be located noth and east of PA 100 along Fellowship Road will include 131 Single Family Units. Byes Station lies west of PA 100 and between Fellowship Road and Byes Road. It will include 620 dwelling units at a mixtue of densities as well as 240,000 squae feet of commecial development. Waynebook at Eagle is being constucted between PA 100 and Little Conestoga Road and noth of Pak Road. This development will be next to a poposed loop oad which bypasses the intesections of PA 100 and Byes Road, PA 100 and Pak Road, and PA 100 and Little Conestoga Road.

105 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 95 Eaglepointe Shopping Cente will also be completed nea the poposed By-pass. The shopping cente will be south of Little Conestoga Road and Pak Road and West of PA 100. This shopping cente will include a food stoe, etail development, a skating ink, and a bank, fo a total of 107,000 squae feet. Finally, the Achdiocese of Philadelphia will build a family chuch as well as a K-8 school and a Social Hall on the east side of PA 100 between Fellowship Road and Byes Road.

106

107 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 97 X. AREA-WIDE CMS STRATEGIES In addition to tansit sevice, thee ae a numbe of pogams that suppot the eduction of single occupancy vehicle tips that could be effective to educe congestion in the PA 100 study aea. These include: Ä Ä Ä Ä TansitChek is a public tanspotation commute benefit pogam that is tax-fee to employees and tax-deductible to employes. TansitChek enables employes of any size to help educe the cost of employees commutes on public tansit o vanpools with a vouche. Fedeal tax laws allow employes to offe up to $100 / month o $1,200 / yea pe employee, eithe as a company paid benefit o a pe-tax payoll deduction. TansitChek is accepted by majo tansit systems such as SEPTA, PATCO, NJ Tansit, DART-Fist State, and thid-paty vanpool companies. Mobility Altenatives Pogam (MAP) is a PennDOT-funded, DVRPC- managed pogam, which povides employes in Southeasten Pennsylvania with altenatives to diving to wok alone. Administeed though a netwok of seven subcontactos (five Tanspotation Management Associations (TMA s), The City of Philadelphia Mayo s Office of Tanspotation, and SEPTA), MAP is an outeach and education pogam that povides infomation on a vaiety of options available to commutes, including tansit, ca o van pools, and flexible wok hous. Shae-A-Ride, a component of the MAP pogam, is a computeized match sevice that povides commutes with the most convenient tansit options. The sevice also offes a listing of othe commutes who live and wok neaby. (Cheste County TMA is one of the seven MAP subcontactos.) Tanspotation Management Association - The Cheste County TMA should be suppoted in its effots to pomote non-taditional tanspotation, such as capools, vanpools, demand esponsive paatansit, subsciption buses, telecommuting, and compessed wok week. Since the ole of these pogams is, in pat, to suppot tansit, ecommendations depend on specific tansit sevices and pogams that ae studied o implemented. An integal pat of any ideshaing pogam is the Guaanteed Ride Home pogam. This pogam, which is usually opeated by a TMA, acts as a safety net fo employees who use tansit, capool, o vanpool. It povides an emegency ide home, usually by taxi, fo employees ideshaing who have an emegency duing the day o ae equied to wok late. Rideshaing Capool -This is a method used to educe Single Occupancy Vehicle (SOV) tips. Individuals with simila commuting pattens tavel to wok in the same vehicle athe than each peson in a sepaate vehicle. Commuting can be moe elaxing as individuals ae not esponsible fo diving vehicles. Othe benefits to individuals include educed vehicle miles

108 Page 98 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido taveled and thus educed wea and tea on automobiles. This can lead to lowe insuance ates fo some policies, less depeciation, and lowe maintenance costs fo the individual. Vaious incentives can be povided by both the public and pivate secto. Though the Shae-A -Ride pogam, the TMA helps match individuals with simila commuting pattens. Pivate employes can also help facilitate the pocess by disseminating a list of whee employees live. Geneally, capools ae ecommended when the one-way commute is at least 10 miles. Vanpool -Vanpools ae simila to capools except that a van is used and it can often be sponsoed by an employe. Again, individuals with simila commuting pattens all ide in one van instead of many SOVs. If thee ae a lage numbe of employees (typically six o moe) of a single company who live in close poximity to each othe, a copoate-sponsoed vanpool is good option to educe SOV tips. Moe fequently howeve, vanpools ae fomed by goups of employees that contact with a sevice povide that povides the vehicle and elated maintenance. Geneally, vanpools ae most cost effective when the one-way commute distance is at least 20 miles. Ä Ä Ä Telecommuting is a useful technique in educing jouney to wok tips. When it is not necessay that an employee pefoms tasks at a specific location, they can wok at anothe location othe than thei usual office, thus eliminating o shotening the jouney to wok tip. This is known as telecommuting o telewoking. Employees can telecommute fom home, a satellite wok cente, o a neighbohood wok cente. A satellite wok cente is fo employees of one company. A neighbohood wok cente is fo employees of multiple companies and is ideally located within walking o biking distance of a lage numbe of esidents. Individuals can telecommute full-time o pat-time, o sometimes, just fo a few hous. Compessed Wok Week - Roads become congested at peak peiods due to the fact that a majoity of wok tips ae pefomed at the same times in the moning and evening. One way to combat this poblem is though a compessed wok week. Many employes ae allowing employees to wok the expected 40-hou week in a fou day peiod. Adjusting schedules so that tips ae made befoe o afte the peak peiods is anothe method of educing congestion. Additionally, a compessed wok schedule educes the numbe of weekly tips oveall. A compessed wok week diffes fom flextime in that the stat and end times of the wok day ae still set by the employe. Flexible Wok Hous has the effect of speading the demand fo tavel ove a wide band of time though altenative wok hous. Staggeed wok hous is one such technique whee diffeent goups of employees ae assigned diffeent stat times. Flex time is a technique whee individual employees can choose a flexible stat time within a pescibed

109 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 99 window, usually between 7:00 am and 9:30 am. This woks well fo office wokes who wok independently. Ä Ä Ä Subsciption Bus can be a useful link between a main tansit line and a esidential aea o a copoate campus. Subsciption buses, often known as shuttle buses, ae usually small buses that help educe shot ca tips. This can help mitigate congestion by educing the numbe of SOVs on the oads. Thee ae seveal oppotunities fo subsciption bus within the study aea. The Exton ail station on SEPTA s R5 line is ideally suited fo subsciption buses, taking passenges fom the station to neaby copoate office paks and othe employment centes. Paking Cash Out is an option given to employees to choose cash in lieu of non-taxable paking subsidies. Since employes can povide tax-fee paking of up to $170 pe month, employees have an incentive to dive. Howeve, if employes povide cash instead of paking, employees can see a diect benefit and ae moe inclined to find an altenative to diving alone. Pak and Ride facilities can povide a numbe of benefits in tems of ai quality and impoving commuting. They seve as points whee individuals can tansfe to high occupancy vehicles, educing the numbe of single occupancy vehicles on the oad. This, in tun, educes emissions and congestion. Commuting time can be educed, especially with expess tansit sevices fom Pak and Ride lots. Pak and Ride lots ae geneally fee o chage a nominal fee to attact potential uses. Pak and Ride locations at the thee ail stations within the study aea act as collection points fo taveles nea the oigin point of thei tip. The Downingtown Station has a total of 213 SEPTA povided paking spaces. The Whitfod Station has 280 paved paking spaces, while the Exton Station has 424 paking spaces. Pak and Ride lots ae also integal to the success of capool fomation and etention. Within the study aea, thee ae thee official pak and ide sites. PA 113 at PA 100 in Uwchlan Township This lot is centally located and is intended to captue SOV taffic fom PA 100 and PA 113. Located adjacent to a stip mall, the lot has 37 spaces. The #204 bus seves this lot. The utilization ate of this lot could be impoved by measues such as maketing the benefits to the taget maket, as well as offeing tanspotation incentives fo uses of this lot.

110 Page 100 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido US 30 at the US 202 intechange in East Whiteland Township This lot has a total of 125 spaces and is seved by the #204 and #133 bus line. This lot has phone access and the paking is fee. US 30 at PA 100 intechange at West Whiteland Township Thee ae a total of 116 available spaces fo pak and ide use at this location. Most cuent uses of this lot ae using the R5 Exton Rail Station. This is a fee pak and ide. The Tanspotation Management Association of Cheste County identifies 29 Pak-and-Ride lots in the southeasten pat of the Metopolitan Aea, of which 6 ae nea o in the PA Route 100 study aea. All of these lots ae eithe fee o cost $0.50 pe day to pak. Fou of the lots ae on SEPTA s R5 egional ail line poviding access to Cente City Philadelphia and the inne sububs of the main line. The need fo additional pak and ide lots should be exploed in a effot to pomote geate ideshaing. A location in the nothen potion of US 322 would intecept single occupant vehicles taveling south in the AM peak. A second location could be in the nothen potion of PA 100, which would intecept single occupant vehicles befoe they each the moe congested southen segments. Ä Pedestian and Bicycle tips account fo less than five pecent of all wok tips in Cheste County. Howeve, they can be an effective method of educing vehicle tips, especially fo shot-distance tips. Most bike tips ae less than five miles and most pedestian tips ae less than one-half mile. In ode to make bicycling and walking a viable altenative to diving, thee must be safe facilities, including sidewalks and bike lanes. Employes should povide bicycle acks whee employees can stoe thei bikes secuely. Safe cossing aeas at intesections, including maked cosswalks, ae necessay to encouage pedestian taffic. Finally, the egional bikeway netwok should be implemented. The Cheste Valley Tail, which links Valley Foge National Histoic Pak, The Schuylkill Rive Tail and Stuble Tail is 23 miles long. It follows the Cheste Valley ight-of-way and teminates in Downingtown Boough. This poject is cuently on the TIP. TIP Poject #6939 would constuct appoximately thee miles of pathway that will coss PA 100 in Uwchlan Township. This pathway will link the Township s existing fou mile pathway system allowing pedestians to safely access numeous shops, businesses, employment centes and paks without the use of motoized vehicles. DVRPC s Oppotunities fo On-Road Bicycle Facilities in Cheste County technical memoandum identified seveal bicycle coidos within the PA 100 study aea. Fo each of the coidos, low cost impovements wee ecommended to impove safety fo the cyclists, incease dive awaeness of bicyclists, and to enhance bicycle ideship thoughout the

111 Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Page 101 coido. The following ae bicycle coidos within the PA 100 study aea: Bicycle Coido H - Swedsfod Road Limits: Pottstown Pike (PA 100) to Conestoga Road (PA 401) Length: 5.1 miles Majo Destinations Seved: Exton Squae Mall Faifield Place Shopping Cente Exton Commons Office Campus Bentwood Shopping Cente Tansco Industial Pak Geat Valley Copoate Cente Recommendations: Widen cub lane to 15 Bicycle Coido I - Little Conestoga Road Limits: Ceek Road (PA 282) to Pottstown Pike (PA 100) Length: 3.9 miles Majo Destinations Seved: Village of Eagle Eagle Pointe Industial Pak Mash Ceek State Pak Recommendations: Widen to ceate 4 climbing lanes on gades Bicycle Coido J - Pottstown Pike Limits: Little Conestoga Road to Lionville Avenue (PA 113) Length: 2.2 miles Majo Destinations Seved: Village of Eagle Eagle Pointe Industial Pak Mash Ceek State Pak Eagle Industial Pak Eagleview Copoate Pak Mash Ceek Copoate Cente Recommendations: Widen 8 to ceate 6 shoulde noth of I-76 (PA Tunpike) Stipe Tunpike intechange to channel bicyclists Impove suface of existing shoulde The Cheste County Planning Commission has adopted a map with a Recommended Bikeway Netwok fo Cheste County. The netwok consist of a seies of oadways thoughout this coido. Uwchlan Township has implemented an extensive tail netwok. One missing element of that netwok is a pedestian / bikeway ovepass at PA 100 nea Sheee Blvd. TIP Poject #6940 would implement this poject.

112

113 Title of Repot: Pennsylvania Congestion Management System - PA 100 Coido Publication No.: Date Published: June 2002 Geogaphic Aea Coveed: The study aea consists of an aea of Cheste County suounding PA 100. It includes o is adjacent to the following Cheste County municipalities: East Whiteland, West Whiteland, East Goshen, West Goshen, East Badfod, Downingtown, East Bandywine, Caln, East Caln, Chalestown, Uwchlan, Uppe Uwchlan, Wallace, West Pikeland, East Pikeland, West Vincent, and East Nantmeal. Key Wods: congestion, level of sevice, intesection analysis, impovement options, taffic counts, development, station access, pak and ide, tip geneatos, tansit, jouney-to-wok, functional class, aveage ca technique, bus, incentives, stategies ABSTRACT: This epot is pat of the Pennsylvania Congestion Management System (CMS) and povides analysis of the PA 100 coido in Cheste County. Key intesections, ateial subcoidos and tanspotation systems wee examined. Ten intesections expeiencing significant delays wee studied at geate detail and congestion mitigation stategies wee developed. Level of Sevice was evaluated on 37 ateial subcoidos. Five subcoidos wee ated at level of sevice F and six pefomed at level of sevice E. Stategies wee given fo impoving poo levels of sevice. The 2025 Jouneyto Wok foecasts showed that pivate automobiles will be the pedominant method of commuting in the study aea. Gowth pessues, inceasing fuel pices and ai quality concens make tansit an attactive method of educing single occupant vehicle tips in the study aea. Tansit impovements wee exploed as a viable method of mitigating congestion. The epot also suggests a numbe of Tavel Demand Management (TDM) measues such as TansitChek and Mobility Altenative Pogams as additional methods of educing single occupant vehicle tips. Bicycle and pedestian facilities wee also examined to detemine ways to pomote thei use. Delawae Valley Regional Planning Commission 8 th Floo The Bouse Building 111 South Independence Mall East Philadelphia, PA Phone: Fax: Intenet: Staff contacts: Diect phone: David Andeson, Senio Tanspotation Planne Dandeson@dvpc.og Keith Hatington, Tanspotation Planne Khatington@dvpc.og The Bouse Building, 8th Floo 111 South Indpendence Mall East Philadelphia, PA

114 The Bouse Building, 8th Floo 111 South Indpendence Mall East Philadelphia, PA