Combat Sports Medicine

Transcription

1 Combat Sports Medicine

2 Ramin Kordi Nicola Maffulli Randall R. Wroble W. Angus Wallace Editors Combat Sports Medicine

3 Editors Ramin Kordi, MD, MSc (Sports Med), PhD Sports Medicine Research Centre Department of Sports and Exercise Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran Randall R. Wroble, MD Sports Medicine Grant and Orthopaedic Associates Columbus, OH USA Nicola Maffulli, MD, MS, PhD, FRCS (Orth) Professor of Trauma and Orthopaedic Surgery Keele University School of Medicine Stoke on Trent UK W. Angus Wallace, FRCS (Ed & Eng). FRCS (Orth) Division of Orthopaedic & Accident Surgery School of Medical and Surgical Sciences University of Nottingham Nottingham UK ISBN: e-isbn: DOI / British Library Cataloguing in Publication Data A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library Library of Congress Control Number: Springer-Verlag London Limited 2009 Apart from any fair dealing for the purposes of research or private study, or criticism or review, as permitted under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, this publication may only be reproduced, stored or transmitted, in any form or by any means, with the prior permission in writing of the publishers, or in the case of reprographic reproduction in accordance with the terms of licences issued by the Copyright Licensing Agency. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside those terms should be sent to the publishers. The use of registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product liability: The publisher can give no guarantee for information about drug dosage and application thereof contained in this book. In every individual case the respective user must check its accuracy by consulting other pharmaceutical literature. Printed on acid-free paper Springer Science + Business Media springer.com

4 Preface Sports medicine and sports science are relatively new and rapidly developing fields of knowledge. During the past 2 decades, a significant body of scientific knowledge has been published in these areas. However, there is a demand for practical references which address sports medicine and science in the context of different sports. This demand is higher in some sports including combat sports, which are highly physically and mentally demanding, and cause challenging issues such as risk of blood-borne infections, weight reduction, head injuries, stress management, and safety for women and children. This book has been developed to meet the needs of the practitioners who work with combat sports athletes in order to improve their health and performance. Combat sports include four Olympic sports (boxing, wrestling, judo, and taekwondo) and other popular sports such as karate, kick boxing, and Wushu. These sports are popular in most countries of the world, both at competitive and recreational levels. Combat sports are practiced by people of different ages for a variety of reasons such as to gain fitness and health benefits and to learn self-defense. This book has two parts. The first part deals with topics which are common in many combat sports. This is presented in four main sections: (a) nutrition and psychology; (b) ethical and social issues and doping; (c) specific injuries such as head injury, and infections; and (d) combat sports in specific groups including women, children, and professional athletes. In the second part, aspects of sports science and injuries in selected popular combat sports are discussed. There are literally hundreds of styles of combat sports practiced worldwide today, with many nations having indigenous forms. They include both ancient styles such as wrestling and twentieth-century styles such as taekwondo, and every year new styles of combat sports are developed. It is not possible to directly discuss all the combat sports styles in one book. However, we try to cover the most popular ones as well as topics on sports medicine and sciences which are related to these. This information is likely to be applicable to other combat sports of similar style. Evidence-based medicine is the integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values. 1 A book in a practical field of sports science and medicine should be based on this framework. However, availability of highquality scientific resources is a limitation in some combat sports and some areas of sports science and medicine. Very limited data are available in areas such as v

5 vi Preface pre-participation physical evaluation. An international team of authors has written this book based on the best available research evidence, their experience, and the concerns and expectations of the target athletes as a group. We are sure you will enjoy it! Ramin Kordi Nicola Maffulli Randall R. Wroble W. Angus Wallace Reference 1. Sackett DL. Evidence-based medicine: how to practice and teach EBM. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2000.

6 Contents 1 Nutrition in Combat Sports... 1 Louise M. Burke and Gregory R. Cox 2 Making Weight in Combat Sports Craig A. Horswill 3 Sport Psychology in Combat Sports David Matsumoto, Jun Konno, and Hyoung Zoo Ha 4 Doping in Combat Sports Farzin Halabchi 5 Ethical and Social Issues in Combat Sports: Should Combat Sports be Banned? Janel Gauthier 6 Acute and Chronic Brain Injury in Combat Sports Paul McCrory, Tsharni Zazryn, and Peter Cameron 7 Blood-Borne Infections in Combat Sports Ramin Kordi and W. Angus Wallace 8 Skin Infections in Combat sports B.J. Anderson 9 Women in Combat Sports Charles B. Pasque 10 Children in Combat Sports Merrilee Zetaruk vii

7 viii Contents 11 Professional Athlete Margaret Goodman and Edwin Homansky 12 Boxing Peter Jako 13 Wrestling Randall R. Wroble 14 Judo Craig White and Pippa Rollitt 15 Taekwondo Willy Pieter 16 Karate Rafael Arriaza 17 Wushu (Chinese Martial Arts) Santos F. Martinez 18 Mixed Martial Arts Gregory H. Bledsoe 19 Kickboxing George J. Buse Index