National Powerboating Workbook 8 th Edition

Transcription

1 National Powerboating Workbook 8 th Edition QSA Syllabus match Subject matter and suggested learning experiences Key concepts / elaboration Learning experiences Page KU IA EC MS1.1 Regulatory requirements and procedures are essential for dealing with hazards, accidents and emergencies. Explain the general safety obligations (GSO) of operating a recreational ship in Queensland. Determine if the vessel is fitted in accordance with the provisions of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea. Identify suitable PFD s and their location aboard. Evaluate and communicate emergency plans for a day s scientific research. 7, 41-46, MS1.2 Risk assessments are carried out before conducting investigations in the the field. Explain hazards, risks and control measures for all water safety skills. Estimate risks for launch a boat. Inspect the ships battery for hazards. Identify correct loading of a vessel to maintain stability. Determine risks at the boat ramp and while operating the vessel. Determine risks when towing plankton net, operating current drogue, collecting water samples from depths, using probes in the boat. Moving around a boat while operating science equipment. Evaluate and communicate risk levels to crew. 2-4, MS1.3 Water safety skills and first aid procedures are important when undertaking marine activities. Conduct a passenger briefing to satisfy GSO compliance. Tie a bowline in a length of rope to secure scientific equipment to a vessel. Review basic boating skills: Mount an outboard motor and safety depart and return to a beach. Safely engage and disengage forward and reverse gears. Manoeuvre the vessel at slow speed to determine its steering characteristics at low speed. Anchor the vessel ensuring the correct amount of anchor rope is deployed. Verification of anchor set is made with reference to landmarks ashore. Create a towing bridle and tow a plankton net Review emergency procedures: Perform an emergency stop and review procedures for loss or snagging of science equipment. Approach a man overboard (MOB) with regard to wind and tide to retrieve. Perform basic first aid resuscitation skills. MS1.5 Weather forecasts and synoptic charts are interpreted prior to and during investigations with decisions being made according to changing weather conditions. Locate up to date weather charts and forecasts from a variety of sources. Interpret the information on a chart and compare to the published forecast. Predict the likely local conditions based on the forecast and local geography. Discuss effects on passage planning. Evaluate and communicate a passage plan MS1.6 Safety equipment is used and maintained. MS2.2 Operating a vessel safely in different conditions and maintaining and servicing boat parts and accessories is a component of marine research. MS2.3 Boat design, including hulls, materials and methods of propulsion, should suit the area and purpose of operation. Explain the importance of maintenance to vessel safety. List the safety equipment required for area of operation. Determine the serviceability of safety equipment. Manoeuvre the vessel at slow speed to approach and reverse away from a mooring, pontoon or jetty. Use reverse gear to slowly move away from the mooring. Smoothly apply power to get the vessel to plane. Perform turns at speed to port and starboard. Use motor trim to maximise engine performance especially when towing science equipment. Calculate the fuel required for a science field trip. Inspect vessel for seaworthiness. List the tools, spares and equipment required for the vessel for its intended operation. Inspect the ships battery for useability. Complete pre-departure checks. Explain boat maintenance and service schedules. Identify the main parts of a recreational vessel and its equipment. Interpret a Capacity Plate or Australian Builders Plate. Recognise the key components of a steering system. Identify different hull shapes and their handling characteristics. Review advantages and disadvantages of different engine and drive types OC2.5 Tidal movement is driven by the gravitational pull of both the moon and sun, influencing current strength and wave action. Distinguish between a tide and a tidal stream. Interpret a set of tide tables for a standard port to determine the high and low tides. Estimate the tide height and strength of flow at different times between high and low tide using the law of 12 th s. Explain how tidal flow affects handling of small boats and anchoring requirements. Determine the time of high and low tide at a secondary port

2 Key concepts / elaboration Learning experiences Page KU IA EC MS3.1 Marine navigation and communication devices and procedures are used for coordination and safety. Calculate a course allowing for variation. Evaluate effects of tidal heights and streams (where applicable) Discuss high speed navigation techniques Use a GPS or Chart Plotter as an aid to navigation and be aware of the limitations when using electronic charts Recognise distress signals and obligations. Discuss types of on-board emergencies and actions. Operate a marine radio in distress situations (simulate) MS3.2 Chart datum and the IALA-A (International Association of Lighthouse Authorities region A) buoyage system are interpreted when operating vessels in marine environments. MS3.3 Navigational aids, including compass, GPS, and charts are used to plot courses Describe the following buoys, marks and beacons and how this is applied to safe navigation. Lateral and cardinal marks; Isolated danger marks; Special marks; Safe water marks; Middle channel marks; Leads; Speed signs; Cable crossings. Recognition of lights used for navigation at night and how these are identified on a chart. Problems associated with lights at night in a metropolitan area. Describe how the GPS system works. Operate a chart plotter and determine position. Describe the limitations of a GPS installation MS3.4 A safe passage is planned and implemented using a variety of calculations and modifications (e.g. speed, distance, time). Plan a passage with consideration of weather, crew and vessel capabilities. Can undertake a short passage by day or night incorporating navigation and rules of the road 68-69, 73 MS3.5 Radio transmission communication should be clear and concise and fitting to local regulatory requirements Describe log on and log off procedures, radio checks with local VMT Coast Guard. Recognise silence periods and local radio protocols. Communicate radio logo/log off, radio checks. Simulate a Securité call. Simulate a Pan Pan call. Simulate a Mayday call MS3.6 Organisations play vital roles in search and rescue Recall the radio frequency to use Notes: Assessment is based on the words used over in assessment worksheets. Its up to the school to set the emphasis on assessment. Worksheet Title Verbs used in questions Worksheet Title Verbs used in questions 1 At the boat ramp Explain, identify, describe, list, suggest 16 Calculate a compass course Circle, identify, explain, calculate 2 Boat parts and hull compliance Indicate, explain, account for, compare, identify, interpret 17 Tides and passage planning Identify, estimate, explain, describe 3 Engines and fuel Identify, explain, indicate, describe 18 Tides in secondary locations Calculate, identify 4 Berthing and steering Describe, suggest, indicate, complete 19 The skippers boating safety obligation Describe, explain 5 Routine maintenance Describe, explain, determine 20 Complying with state regulations Account for, identify 6 Pre-trip checklist Indicate, describe 21 Your boat's compliance Summarise 7 Check stability, stowage, fuel Draw, explain, determine 22 Anchoring Describe, explain, identify 8 Safety brief, launch and retrieve Explain, identify, calculate 23 Fire fighting Describe, explain, identify 9 Boating safety Describe, justify 24 Deal with engine failure Identify, explain, propose 10 Safety equipment Describe 25 Use a radio Identify, quote, describe, explain 11 The boating rules Describe, identify 26 Activate signalling devices Explain, describe, identify, explain 12 Navigation marks and signals Identify, explain, account for 27 Capsized, flooded or grounded boat Describe, list, identify 13 Lights, flags and rules Describe, summarise, account for 28 Emergency planning Complete, outline, describe 14 Passage planning Identify 29 First aid and rescue Describe 15 Meteorology Identify, describe, circle 30 Handle adverse conditions Describe

3 CHAPTER 1 INTRODUCTION Skill 1: Identify where a boat can go Hulls Two common types of boating hulls - displacement and planing are shown in Figure 4.1. A displacement hull is a type of hull that ploughs through the water, displacing a weight of water equal to its own weight. A planing hull makes a boat rise slightly out of the water so that it is gliding over the water rather than ploughing through it. The freeboard is the distance from the gunwale to the water. Most often this will vary along the length of the boat and can even be the lowest point of the transom. The gunwale is the upper edge of a boat s side; the part of a vessel where hull and deck meet. (Pronounced gunnel ) Draft - The depth of the boat below the waterline; the amount of vertical distance a boat draws from its water line to the bottom of its keel. Beam - The transverse measurement of a boat at its widest point. Chine - The line of intersection between the topsides and the bottom of a boat. Hard-chined boats have this angle pronounced. Parts and places All small boats have a hull which is the main structural body or shell of the boat. The hull is joined at the front of the boat to create the strong stem and at the other to form the transom - a flat, vertical aft end of a boat. The transom is strengthened with a plate onto which a motor is attached. The front of the boat is called the bow and the back the stern. The left side is port and the right side starboard, when facing forward. The helm is an apparatus by which a vessel is steered, including the rudder, steering wheel and tiller. It can be at the stern as in the case of a dinghy or in the cockpit of a run-about. If the boat goes forward it is said to go ahead and astern if backwards. The keel is the part of a boat extending along the bottom of the hull from stem to stern. Gunwale Transom Cockpit All round light Portside Figure 4.1 Figure 4.2 Deck Hull Displacement and planing hulls Punt Greater stability and carrying capacity. At planing speeds, hull pounds excessively. V hull Softer ride depending on the depth of the V. Require more power to move at same speed. Navigation light Different types of hulls Canopy Helm Length at waterline Length overall Tri hull Tri- hull or Cathedral hull. Stable soft ride with good turning characteristics. Catamaran Stable comfortable ride. Many sailboats and house boats use multi-hull design. Transom Outboard motor Stern BA229N Deck Helm Anchor well Starboard side HULL Keel Stem Figure 4.3 Parts and places on a boat Page Boating 7th Ed 4 2/2/13, 10:23 AM

4 Chapter 1 Review questions 1. Label the illustration of the boat opposite using the list of terms provided below. Bow, stern, port side, all-round light, stem, transom, deck, gunwale, cockpit. Mark in the port side and the starboard side to show you know the difference. 2. Explain how engine power contributes to the difference between planing and displacement hulls. 3. Which of the boats on page 5 would you take over a bar? 4. Give an example of how you would stow flares and life jackets to meet your safety obligations. 5. Label the illustration of the motor opposite using the list of terms provided below. Starter cord, cowling, throttle, tiller, clamp brackets, clamp handles, shift lever, outboard leg, anti-ventillation plate, water intake, skeg, propeller, sacrificial anode, cowling clamp. 6. What are three routine steps you could take to make sure your radio was in good operating order? (see also P 90) 7. What is a "tell tail" and what does it indicate? 8. List two pre-departure checks you should make on outboard fuel. 9. List any five things you should do with your boat after every trip. Page Boating 7th Ed 18 2/2/13, 10:12 AM

5 Skill 6: Mount motor and stow equipment Risks* * See statement on page 2 Motor drops on own or other crew members feet Back/body injured while lifting/carrying motor to vessel Motor falls off/fails during operation at sea Vessel becomes flooded at sea Crew becomes entangled in fuel/anchor/safety lines and falls over in boat Control measures Bend knees while picking up motor and ask for help if too heavy. Screw the engine clamps on firmly and connect the safety chain to an appropriate attachment point on the motor so it won t fall off if the motor comes loose. This is indicated by the letter (a) in the Figure Mount and centre the motor on the transom and connect the safety lanyard, ready for use as shown in Figure Stow the fuel tank and line to prevent entanglement of crew and to maintain stability. Stow the anchor, chain and lines in a box or compartment so crew will not injure their legs and feet. Stow PFDs and safety equipment in a place ready for use should an emergency occur but in a place (usually under the bow in a tinny) where it won t hinder crew from entering/leaving vessel. Make sure the trim and tilt mechanism is adjusted so that when you mount the motor, it sits at the correct angles to allow for the boat's load. Connect fuel line (check for sand or gunk on end) and make sure the vent on the fuel cap is loose so the tank can breathe. Make sure the arrow on the bulb points towards the motor. Skill 7: Conduct a safety briefing To complete this skill you will have to move around the vessel pointing out all safety equipment and ensure the information is understood. Point out the different types of safety equipment carried. For example if you are going offshore you will need to show the flares and EPIRB and how to use them. Identify the location where equipment can be found and confirm that everyone has understood you and answer any questions they may have. Identify where you will be going for the day, the type of conditions they can expect, how long till the next toilet stop or the need for footware or protection from elements. Remind crew about stability and safety. Never stand or sit on the bow of a boat while the boat is departing or leaving. Have all crew seated safely before you take off. Figure 24.1 Mounting the motor on the transom plate Safety lanyard Fuel line Fuel tank Figure 24.2 Outboard motor ready for starting Figure 24.3 Point out different types of safety equipment and where stored. Keep the crew briefed during the voyage if conditions are changing, eg, increasing waves, you are changing direction, looks like its about to rain heavily. Department of Transport WA Practical Task: Conduct a safety briefing Using the web reference below conduct a safety briefing with the crew: 1. pointing out the different types of safety equipment, 2. identifying their location and 3. checking that the information is understood by all on board. Web page reference TASK 3 Page Boating 7th Ed 24 2/2/13, 10:29 AM

6 CHAPTER 3 SAFETY EQUIPMENT Skill 21: Identify safety equipment Safety equipment under the GSO* The general safety obligation* requires all boat owners and operators to make sure the boat is safe, appropriately equipped and crewed, and operated in a safe manner. Equipment MUST be able to be found in a timely manner Boats requiring registration must carry the regulated safety equipment. Additional safety equipment recommended in the Standard should also be carried to satisfy the general safety obligation. This allows boat owners and operators to choose the equipment best suited for the type of boat and intended voyage. When deciding what to take on board, remember your obligation if you fail to carry a piece of equipment that could have helped to prevent an accident, you could be prosecuted. Stowage The owner or master must give each person on board information about where the safety equipment is kept. - The CREW must know where the jackets and safety equipment is located. - The SKIPPER can receive an infringement notice if the crew cannot locate safety equipment in a timely manner. Items such as flares, torches or first aid kits, that can be affected by water must be kept in water tight containers like the one shown in the photograph below where the hatch is closed when the boat is underway. Other safety items such as anchors and lines should be stowed so as not to cause potential hazards while the boat is in motion. Life jackets or PFDs must be stored where they are clearly visible or kept in a place readily accessible and indicated by a clearly visible sign with a white background marked with the word life jackets in red letters or a red background with white letters. Wearing personal flotation devices is strongly recommended in any emergency situation: - At the first sign of bad weather, at night, when visibility is restricted, when boating in unfamiliar waters or alone; or - When operating in a following sea, by persons who are poor swimmers or when boating alone. Serviceability Safety equipment needs to be serviceable. So check for wear and tear and repair or replace so that it will work. - If life jackets are ripped torn or faded they are no longer serviceable and should be discarded. - One way to look after life jackets is to NOT use them as seat cushions. Life Jackets in Victoria All occupants of certain vessels are required to wear a specified PFD (see table for PFD types) at times of heightened risk when under way and when in an open area of the vessel (see page 82) UNDER 4.8m - UNDER 12 - UNDERWAY LIFE JACKET COMPULSORY THE LOCATION OF SAFETY EQUIPMENT MUST BE ABLE TO BE FOUND IN A TIMELY MANNER SAFETY EQUIPMENT LOCATION BECOMES OBSCURED WHEN HATCH IS CLOSED Bob Moffatt Bob Moffatt Bar crossings in Qld It is compulsory to wear a PFD when crossing the following designated coastal bars in open boats less than 4.8 metres. - Currumbin Bar - Tallebudgera Bar - Round Hill Creek. - Jumpinpin Bar - South Passage Bar - Gold Coast Seaway - Caloundra Bar - Maroochy Bar - Mooloolah River mouth - Noosa Bar - Wide Bay Bar Page 41 Bob Moffatt 0922 Boating 7th Ed 41 2/2/13, 10:35 AM

7 Skill 26: Calculate tide heights Sources of tidal information Newspapers, radio and television broadcasts all will give tidal information. However the most accurate information is from the internet - The Bureau of Meteorology web site can do tidal calculations for most coastal areas in Australia. Basic causes of tides Daily tides The gravitational attraction exerted by the Sun and the Moon helps produce tides. The figure opposite shows that each day the tide height will be 50 minutes later as a result of the movement of the moon. Spring and neap tides Spring tides occur where the Earth, Moon and Sun are in a straight line. The gravitational pull of the Sun and the Moon are combined and the tides are at their highest. These tides occur when the Moon is in full or new Moon phases as shown. During a first-quarter Moon and again at the last quarter Moon phase, the Sun is at right angles to the Moon. Their separate gravitational pulls cancel each other out and produce a smaller high tide and a higher low tide. This is a neap tide. The tidal range between high tide and low tide is small during a neap tide. Chart datum and high and low tides Depths printed on charts are called soundings which have been reduced from a common level known as the chart datum point. The figure below shows a sounding of 1m and how it relates to the sea floor. This datum point is the lowest astronomical tide (LAT) or the lowest low water spring tide. These are therefore close to the minimum depth in the area and the height of the tides must be calculated to predict a real depth. - If low tide depth is 0.8 of a metre and the chart depth is 1 metre, then at low tide there is 1.8 metres between you and the sea floor. TIDAL PREDICTIONS FOR AUSTRALIA Earth Today High tide now a Moon Earth s orbital path Earth Spring tide Moon High tide 24 hr 50 min later Earth Tomorrow HOW DAILY TIDES OCCUR Neap tide a Sun HOW MONTHLY TIDES OCCUR Moon has moved 1/28 further around Earth Spring tide Bob Moffatt Bob Moffatt Australian Bureau of Meteorology Bob Moffatt Tides are heights and affect the depth of water at a place on an hourly, daily and monthly basis. Tidal streams are horizontal water flows that result from tides. - They affect courses and the duration of a passage and are shown on a chart using tidal diamonds. These indicate the speed and bearing of the tidal flow during each hour of the tidal cycle. - Read more about tides at SOUNDINGS AND THE CHART DATUM MSQ THE DIFFERENCE BETWEEN TIDES AND TIDAL STREAMS Page Boating 7th Ed 69 2/2/13, 10:51 AM

8 SCHOOL TRAINING RECORD Enrolment date: It is no longer necessary to this page to Yachting Qld. All that is required is to complete the spreadsheet issued to the school BTP from Yachting Queensland and this to For any issues, please ring YQ on (07) Family name Given name/s School or address Candidates date of birth Answers to theory test version (a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d) Assessor verification (a) (b) (c) (d) (a) (b) (c) (d) Student verification Student ID or Drivers licence number and issuing State I certify that State I have completed the time I have spent in a training vessel (page 111), corrected the mistakes I have made and understand the answers to the questions as indicated in my National Powerboating Workbook. I certify also that during my BoatSafe course I had the practical assessment tasks listed below demonstrated to me and was then given sufficient opportunity to practice these tasks and to demonstrate basic proficiency. I certify that the information on pages 111 and 112 is my own and is true and correct Student signature Date Practical assessment results As per BoatSafe Jan 2012 competency standard pages 14 and 15 Task 1: Leave and return to launching facility or berth Task 2: Bring a recreational vessel alongside a floating object Task 3: Moor and anchor a recreational vessel Task 4. Manoeuvre a recreational vessel underway TOTAL TIME IN TRAINING VESSEL - from page 111 Statement of competency number From the book issued by Yachting Queensland Registration of vessel In which majority of practical test took place Assessment schedule ( ) Schedule A HRS (MAP or Marine Studies/Science Course) BTP Name I certify that I have examined the candidates workbook and the tasks and questions identified on pages 111 and 112 have been completed Signature Date Provider number Overall result ( ) Competent Not yet competent Page 112 Version Page February FILE THIS COPY AT SCHOOL This form subject to MSQ Audit Records to be kept for 3 years File with school Safety Management System 0922 Boating 7th Ed 112 2/2/13, 11:29 AM