Litter Strategy Monitoring Wave 62 August 2013 Report

Transcription

1 Strategies, Marketing and Social Research Head Office: 259 Glen Osmond Rd, Frewville SA 5063 Tel: Fax: Litter Strategy Monitoring Wave 62 August 2013 Report Prepared for: John Phillips On behalf of: KESAB Environmental Solutions Project No: 7239 Date: August 2013

2 Contents Section 1 Introduction... 1 Background... 2 Section 2 Wave 62 Executive Summary... 5 Items Counted... 6 Litter Volume Glass Items Volume Metal Items Volume Plastic Items Volume Paper/ Paperboard Items Volume Miscellaneous Items Volume Cigarette Butts Items Volume Dispersion of Litter by Site Type Items Volume CDL Beverage Containers Data Summary - Items Data Summary - Volumes Appendix 1: Tracking Graphs Unweighted Tracking Graphs - Items Unweighted Tracking Graphs - Volume Weighted Tracking Graphs - Items Weighted Tracking Graphs - Volumes Appendix 2: Data Collection Form For enquiries on this report please contact David O Dea.

3 Section 1 Introduction - 1 -

4 1.1 This document has been prepared by McGregor Tan Research to report on Wave 62 of the quarterly KESAB Litter Monitor. Surveys for the current wave were conducted in South Australia during August Background 1.2 Regular monitoring of the litter stream is necessary in order to maintain a clear picture of its components, such as the various material types that contribute to the litter stream as well as the distribution of litter across different area types. Keep South Australia Beautiful (KESAB) had been monitoring the State's litter stream for many years, but the level of detail required during the South Australian Government s moratorium on changes to Container Deposit Legislation was considerably greater than previously recorded. 1.3 An expanded monitoring program commenced in February 1998, and McGregor Tan Research was commissioned at that time to undertake the actual count and to report regularly on the outcomes. This expanded program was continued throughout 1999, 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003, 2004, 2005, 2006, 2007, 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011, 2012 and is planned to continue. 1.4 With the exception of August 2002, counts have been conducted quarterly, carried out in February, May, August and November of each year. Throughout the Monitor, care has been taken to maintain the data in a form compatible with KAB's requirements. 1.5 During each Wave of the survey, litter counts are undertaken at 151 sites across South Australia. In conjunction with the national litter count, a review of all South Australian sites showed that 11 of the sites surveyed were disproportionately represented in the data. These original sites were found to be unusual in nature, and were replaced with 11 revised sites. 1.6 The data collection form utilised for the count was jointly developed by McGregor Tan Research and KESAB. A copy of this form is provided in Appendix In January 2003, Container Deposit Legislation (CDL) was extended to cover most beverages under 1 litre, such as juice cartons, fruit boxes, flavoured milk cartons, etc. As a result, a new method of analysing the data had to be adopted so that the changes to the CDL, and the effect on the total litter stream could be evaluated. 1.8 Prior to the August 2004 Litter Count, the data collection form was re

5 evaluated and re-designed to take into account the changes to the CDL and also to incorporate new categories for litter items that were previously coded as other or in an inappropriate category. The changes that were made to the data collection form include: Plastic bags were separated into 3 types of litter: o Supermarket type lightweight shopping bags o Heavier glossy, typically branded carry bags o Sacks, sheeting and other bags Bottle and can tops were moved and separated from the Miscellaneous Category into both plastic bottle top and metal bottle and can tops. The following four litter types were also added to the Plastic Category: o Bread bag tags o Lollipop sticks o Spoons/ cutlery o Drink pouches The Metal Cans category name was changed to Metal. Foil take away was moved from Miscellaneous to Metal. Cigarette butts were separated from the Miscellaneous Category. Two extra items were added to the Paper/paperboard Category: o o Paper bags Shopper dockets & related shopping paper 1.9 In previous waves, the data collection form separated each litter type into CDL and non-cdl categories However, extended Container Deposit Legislation (CDL) has now meant that the litter categories alone (e.g. Flavoured milk, < 1 litre) can be used to establish whether or not beverage containers are covered under CDL or not In order to determine the effectiveness of the current CDL (as of January 2003), and for comparative purposes, it was necessary to re-calculate the number of current CDL items from the waves prior to the extension. References to CDL items in Waves prior to Wave 17 (waves 1-16) therefore denote beverage containers that are currently covered by CDL not the items that were covered by the legislation prior to this time During the Wave 29 Monitor estimates of the volumes for each litter item category were defined. The assignments of volume estimates to each litter item category were based on actual measurements of containers/ items, the condition that these items were most commonly found (which was based on - 3 -

6 the audits of at least three Waves), and the most common or average size of the items that were found within each category The auditors were an important part of the volume formulation process, and they were able to record the number, size and type of different items within each category over a number of waves. Volumes ascribed to each item represented the average size for that category across all site types The final volume attributed to each litter item category furthermore took into account the fact that some items were often found crushed and weathered. For example, some drink cans and cartons are often crushed and/ or weathered when they are identified by the auditors and counted. The same volume measurements have been used for all subsequent Waves Two noteworthy events that have taken place since the beginning of this longitudinal study include: The deposit on drink containers was increased from 5 cents to 10 cents in September The ban on thin plastic shopping bags came into effect in May This document reports on Wave 62 of the longitudinal study. The litter count was conducted during August Section 2 of this report outlines the litter characteristics of the 151 sites, which include 11 revised sites (replacing 11 of the original 151). Appendix 1 contains charts tracking results back across all prior Monitors, and includes weighted results to facilitate meaningful comparison of results established at the 151 original sites with results derived from the 151 revised sites

7 Section 2 Wave 62 Executive Summary - 5 -

8 The following Executive Summary covers the findings of the August 2013 KESAB Litter Monitor (Wave 62). Where possible, results have been tracked against those derived from any previous Waves which incorporated revised sites. All 151 sites were counted during the August 2013 count. Items Counted A total of 11,129 litter items were counted across the 151 South Australian sites during Wave 62. These figures are lower than those from the previous monitors in May 2013 (13,096), February 2013 (13,363) and November 2012 (13,294). The results are also lower than those recorded in August 2012 (11,809) at the same time last year. Cigarette butts remained the main contributor (4) to the litter count with 4,523 butts counted in Wave 62, down from Wave 61 (5,539), Wave 60 (5,758), Wave 59 (6,185) and Wave 58 (5,309) counted at the same time last year in August The increase in items counted in Wave 62 was demonstrated most strongly amongst the following litter items: MISCELLANEOUS - Tyres & pieces - 26 items, up from 3 (76 increase) PLASTIC - Take away & cups items, up from 261 ( increase) PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Packages & boxes items, up from 171 (1 increase) PLASTIC - Bags - heavier glossy typically branded carry bags - 35 items, up from 16 (11 increase) GLASS - Alcoholic sodas/spirit-based mixers, all sizes - 19 items, up from 3 (53 increase) PLASTIC - Styrene foam boxes, sheets, etc items, up from 52 (2 increase) METAL - Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers - 16 items, up from 7 (12 increase) METAL - Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes - 22 items, up from 13 (6 increase) - 6 -

9 Conversely, there was a decrease in several litter items, most strongly demonstrated by the following: CIGARETTE BUTTS - Cigarette butts 4,523 butts, down from 5,539 butts (1 decrease) PLASTIC - Snack bags & confectionery wrappers 360 items, down from 577 items (3 decrease) PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Other paper (including tissues) 1,765 items, down from 1,941 items ( decrease) PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cups/take away containers 203 items, down from 358 items (4 decrease) PLASTIC - Other plastic 852 items, down from 998 items (1 decrease) PLASTIC - Lollipop sticks 73 items, down from 125 items (4 decrease) PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Shopper dockets & related shopping paper (e.g. lists) 80 items, down from 127 items (3 decrease) METAL - Other foil 177 items, down from 217 items (1 decrease) PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Tickets, e.g. bus, ATM, vending machine etc. 38 items, down from 73 items (4 decrease) METAL - Metal bottle tops and can pull rings 220 items, down from 249 items (1 decrease) METAL - Flavoured water/soft drink, (carbonated), all sizes 37 items, down from 63 items (4 decrease) PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cigarette packets 133 items, down from 156 items (1 decrease) PLASTIC - Plastic bottle tops 265 items, down from 286 items ( decrease) PLASTIC - Spoons/cutlery 74 items, down from 93 items (20% decrease) PLASTIC - Straws 258 items, down from 276 items ( decrease) - 7 -

10 Cigarette butts accounted for the largest proportion of all litter items counted (4, down from 4 in Wave 61, 4 in Wave 60, 4 in Wave 59 and 4 in Wave 58 counted at the same time in the previous year. Other material types represented the following proportions of the litter items counted: Paper/ paperboard (2, up from 2 in Wave 61) Plastic items (2, unchanged from Wave 61) Metal items (, unchanged from Wave 61) Miscellaneous items (, up from in Wave 61) Glass items (, unchanged from Wave 61) Items as Proportions of Total by Material Type Cigarette Butts, 4 Glass, Metal, Miscellaneous, Plastic, 2 Paper/ paperboard, 2 The top 20 ranking of litter items in August 2013 also included the following items not present in Wave 61: PLASTIC Packing tape & straps PLASTIC Sacks sheeting other bags The items that exited the top 20 as a result of the new entrants were: PLASTIC Lollipop sticks PLASTIC Spoons/ cutlery - 8 -

11 TOP 20 CATEGORIES - HIGHEST COUNTS CIGARETTE BUTTS PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Other paper (including tissues) PLASTIC - Other plastic PLASTIC - Snack bags & confectionery wrappers PLASTIC - Take away & cups PLASTIC - Plastic bottle tops PLASTIC - Straws METAL - Metal bottle tops and can pull rings PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cups/take away containers PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Packages & boxes METAL - Metal pieces METAL - Other foil MISCELLANEOUS - Clothing & materials GLASS - Other glass PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cigarette packets PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Paper bags PLASTIC - Packing tape & straps MISCELLANEOUS - Construction materials PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Shopper dockets & related shopping paper (eg. lists) PLASTIC - Sacks - sheeting - other bags Items Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

12 Litter Volume The total volume of litter recorded in August 2013 amounted to cubic metres, 1 lower than the estimated litter volume established in May 2013 (1.105m³) and 1 lower than the estimated litter volume established during the volume recorded at the same time last year in August 2012 (1.077m³). The largest proportion of litter volume for Wave 62 was contributed by plastic items (40%, up from 3 in Wave 61), paper/ paperboard items (2, down from 3 in Wave 61) and miscellaneous items (2, up from 2 in Wave 61). Other material types represented the following proportions of the total volume of litter items counted: Metal (, down from in Wave 61) Glass (, up from in Wave 61) Cigarette butts (<, unchanged from Wave 61) Litter Volume as a Proportion of Total Volume Cigarette Butts, < Glass, Metal, Plastic, 40% Miscellaneous, 2 Paper/ paperboard,

13 The items associated with the largest estimated litter volumes in Wave 62 included: PLASTIC - Containers, domestic type (0.191m³, down from 0.241m³ in Wave 61) MISCELLANEOUS - Illegal dumping (0.168m³, down from 0.192m³ in Wave 61) PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cups/take away containers (0.148m³, up from 0.261m³ in Wave 61) PLASTIC - Take away & cups (0.059m³, up from 0.054m³ in Wave 61) PLASTIC - Containers, industrial type (0.45m³, up from nil in Wave 60) PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Newspapers & magazines (0.037m³, up from 0.033m³ in Wave 61) MISCELLANEOUS - Construction materials (0.032m³, unchanged from Wave 61) PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cigarette packets (0.029m³, down from 0.034m³ in Wave 61) METAL - Flavoured water/soft drink, (carbonated), all sizes (0.016m³, down from 0.027m³ in Wave 61) PAPER/PAPERBOARD Packages & boxes (0.015m³, up from 0.014m³ in Wave 61) The top 20 ranking of litter items by volume in Wave 62 was similar to the results for previous waves, the new items entering the top 20 however, were: PLASTIC - Containers, industrial e.g. oil PLASTIC - Flavoured water/ fruit juice/ sports drink (non-carbonated), 1 litre+ METAL - Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes METAL Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers With new entrants there are always those items that exit from the top 20 volume list, in Wave 61 they were: PLASTIC - Flavoured milk, 1 litre+ PLASTIC - Flavoured water/ soft drink (carbonated), 1 litre+ METAL - industrial cans all types PLASTIC - White milk, all sizes

14 TOP 20 CATEGORIES - LARGEST VOLUMES PLASTIC - Containers, domestic type MISCELLANEOUS - Illegal dumping PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cups/take away containers PLASTIC - Take away & cups PLASTIC - Containers, industrial e.g. oil PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Newspapers & magazines MISCELLANEOUS - Construction materials PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cigarette packets METAL - Flav. water/soft drink, (carbonated), all sizes PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Packages & boxes PLASTIC - Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated), <1 litre METAL - Foil take away GLASS - Beer, all colours of glass, <750ml PLASTIC - Flav. milk, <1 litre PLASTIC - Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sports drink (non-carb), 1 litre+ PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Junk mail/free circulars METAL - Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes METAL - Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers GLASS - Beer, all colours of glass, 750ml+ PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cartons, flavoured milk, <1 litre Cubic metres Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

15 3.1 Glass Items A total of 231 glass litter items (down from 233 items in Wave 61) were counted during Wave 62. The most frequently recorded glass items included: Other glass (166 items, down from 178 items in Wave 61) Beer, all colours of glass <750ml (27 items, up from 22 items in Wave 61) Alcoholic sodas/ spirit-based mixers, all sizes (19 items, up from 3 items in Wave 61) Beer, all colours of glass 750ml+ (11 items, down from 21 items in Wave 61) Plain water (carbonated or non-carbonated) <1 litre (5 items, up from 1 items in Wave 61) GLASS ITEMS - COUNTS - top 5 - Other glass Beer, all colours of glass, <750ml Alcoholic sodas/spirit-based mixers, all sizes Beer, all colours of glass, 750ml+ Plain water (carbonated or non-carb), <1 litre Items counted Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

16 Volume Glass litter items accounted for 0.037m³ (up from 0.036m³ in Wave 61) in estimated litter volume during Wave 62. Glass items which contributed the largest volumes to the total included: Beer, all colours of glass, <750 ml (0.013m³, up from 0.011m³ in Wave 61) Beer, all colours of glass 750ml+ (0.009m³, down from 0.017m³ in Wave 61) Alcoholic sodas/ spirit-based mixers, all sizes (0.007m³, up from 0.001m³ in Wave 61) Other glass (0.003m³, unchanged from Wave 61) Plain water (carbonated or non-carbonated) 1 litre+ (0.002m³, up from nil in Wave 61) GLASS ITEMS - VOLUMES - - top 5 - Beer, all colours of glass, <750ml Beer, all colours of glass, 750ml Alcoholic sodas/spirit-based mixers, all sizes Other glass Plain water (carbonated or noncarb), 1 litre Cubic metres Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

17 3.2 Metal Items A total of 695 metal litter items (down from 783 items in Wave 61) were counted during August The most frequently counted metal litter items included: Metal bottle tops and can pull rings (220 items, down from 249 items in Wave 61) Metal pieces (179 items, up from 172 items in Wave 61) Other foil (177 items, down from 217 items in Wave 61) Flavoured water/soft drink, (carbonated), all sizes (37 items, down from 63 items in Wave 61) Foil take away (28 items, down from 40 items in Wave 61) METAL ITEMS - COUNTS - top 5 - Metal bottle tops and can pull rings Metal pieces Other foil Flav. water/soft drink, (carbonated), all sizes Foil take away Items counted Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

18 Volume Metal litter items accounted for a total estimated litter volume of 0.058m³ (down from 0.077m³ in Wave 61). The metal items associated with the largest estimated volumes of litter during Wave 62 included: Flavoured water/ soft drink (carbonated), all sizes (0.016m³, down from 0.027m³ in Wave 61) Foil take away (0.013m³, down from 0.018m³ in Wave 61) Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes (0.009m³, up from 0.006m³ in Wave 61) Alcoholic sodas & spirit base mixers (0.009m³, up from 0.004m³ in Wave 61) Food cans (including pet food) (0.005m³, down from 0.006m³ in Wave 61) METAL ITEMS - VOLUMES - top 5 - Flav. water/soft drink, (carbonated), all sizes Foil take away Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers Food cans (including pet food) Cubic metres Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

19 3.3 Plastic Items A total of 2,611 plastic litter items (down from 3,037 items in Wave 61) were counted during Wave 62. The most frequently counted plastic litter items included: Other plastic (852 items, down from 998 items in Wave 61) Snack bags & confectionery wrappers (360 items, down from 577 items in Wave 61) Take away & cups (284 items, up from 261 items in Wave 61) Plastic bottle tops (265 items, down from 286 items in Wave 61) Straws (258 items, down from 276 in Wave 61) PLASTIC ITEMS - COUNTS - top 5 - Other plastic Snack bags & confectionery wrappers Take away & cups Plastic bottle tops Straws Items counted Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

20 Volume Plastic items were associated with an estimated litter volume of 0.372m³ (down from 0.383m³ in Wave 61). Items which represented the largest volumes within the Wave 62 litter count included: Containers, domestic type (0.191m³, down from 0.241m³ in Wave 61) Take away & cups (0.059m³, up from 0.054m³ in Wave 61) Containers, industrial type (0.045m³, up from nil in Wave 61) Flavoured water/ soft drink (carbonated), <1 litre (0.013m³, up from 0.009m³ in Wave 61) Flavoured milk, <1 litre (0.012m³, up from 0.009m³ in Wave 61) PLASTIC ITEMS - VOLUMES - top 5 - Containers, domestic type Take away & cups Containers, industrial e.g. oil Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated), <1 litre Flavoured milk, <1 litre Cubic metres Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

21 3.4 Paper/ Paperboard Items A total of 2,630 paper/ paperboard litter items (down from 3,058 items in Wave 61) were recorded during Wave 62. The most frequently identified items within this material type were: Other paper including tissues (1,765 items, down from 1,941 items in Wave 61) Cups/ take away containers (203 items, down from 358 items in Wave 61) Packages & boxes (190 items, up from 171 items in Wave 61) Cigarette packets (133 items, down from 156 items in Wave 61) Paper bags (110 items, down from 113 items in Wave 61) PAPER/ PAPERBOARD ITEMS - COUNTS - top 5 - Other paper (including tissues) Cups/take away containers Packages & boxes Cigarette packets Paper bags Items counted Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

22 Volume Paper/ Paperboard items accounted for 0.260m³ in estimated litter volume (down from 0.375m³ in Wave 61) in August Paper/ paperboard items which contributed the largest volumes to the total included: Cups/take away containers (0.148m³, down from 0.261m³ in Wave 61) Newspapers & magazines (0.037m³, up from 0.033m³ in Wave 61) Cigarette packets (0.029m³, down from 0.034m³ in Wave 61) Packages & boxes (0.015m³, up from 0.014m³ in Wave 61) Junk mail/ free circulars (0.010m³, unchanged from Wave 61) PAPER/ PAPERBOARD ITEMS - VOLUMES - top 5 - Cups/take away containers Newspapers & magazines Cigarette packets Packages & boxes Junk mail/free circulars Cubic metres Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

23 3.5 Miscellaneous Items A total of 439 miscellaneous litter items (down from 446 items in Wave 61) were counted during Wave 62. The most frequently recorded items included: Clothing & materials (170 items, down from 184 items in Wave 61) Construction materials (90 items, unchanged from Wave 61) Rubber pieces not tyres (76 items, down from 79 in Wave 61). Rubber pieces in this category include vehicle rubber mouldings, hose pipes and tubing, bicycle handle bar grips and casings, pram mouldings and strips. Ice cream sticks (56 items, down from 61 items in Wave 61) Tyres & pieces (26 items, up from 3 items in Wave 61) MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS - COUNTS - top 5 - Clothing & materials Construction materials Rubber pieces (not tyres) Ice cream sticks Tyres & pieces Items counted Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

24 Volume Miscellaneous litter was associated with an estimated litter volume of 0.211m³ (down from 0.233m³ in Wave 61) during Wave 62. Illegal dumping remained the major contributor to the total volume of miscellaneous items, with an estimated total volume of 0.168m³ (down from 0.192m³ in Wave 61). Other miscellaneous items which contributed to the litter stream volume included: Construction materials (0.032m³, unchanged from Wave 61) Tyres & pieces (0.006m³, up from 0.001m³ in Wave 61) Clothing and materials (0.003m³, unchanged from Wave 61) Disposable nappies (0.002m³, down from 0.005m³ in Wave 61) MISCELLANEOUS ITEMS - VOLUMES - top 5 - Illegal dumping Construction materials Tyres & pieces Clothing & materials Disposable nappies Cubic metres Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

25 3.6 Cigarette Butts Items The total number of cigarette butts recorded during Wave 62 was 4,523 butts, down from 5,539 in Wave 61 and down from 5,309 butts counted in Wave 58 at the same time last year. The proportion of cigarette butts of the total litter items counted increased at shopping centres (6, up from 5 in Wave 61) and beaches (4, up from 3 in Wave 61). There was decrease in the cigarette butts counted as a proportion of litter at retail sites (6, down from 6 in Wave 61), recreational parks (4, down from 5 in Wave 61), car parks (4, down from 4 in Wave 61), industrial sites (3, down from 4 in Wave 61), residential sites (2, down from 4 in Wave 61) and highways (2, down from 2 in Wave 61). CIGARETTE BUTTS AS A PROPORTION OF TOTAL LITTER AT EACH SITE TYPE Beach Car Park Highway Industrial Recreational Park Residential Retail Shopping Centre % 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% % of total litter at each site type Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

26 Volume Despite cigarette butts being the most numerous type of litter item, they accounted for less than of the total volume of litter recorded during the current Wave

27 3.7 Dispersion of Litter by Site Type Items Highways remained the most significant contributor to the total number of litter items counted in August 2013 with more than one quarter (2, down from 3 in Wave 61) of the total litter items counted at highway locations. Other sites contributed the following proportions of the total number of litter items counted during Wave 62: Industrial (1, up from 1 in Wave 61) Car Park (1, down from 1 Wave 61) Shopping Centre (1, up from in Wave 61) Retail (1, up from in Wave 61) Residential (, unchanged from Wave 61) Recreational Park (, down from in Wave 61) Beach (, up from in Wave 61) PROPORTION OF TOTAL LITTER ITEMS COUNTED WITHIN SITE TYPE Shopping Centre, 1 Beach, Retail, 1 Car Park, 1 Residential, Recreational Park, Highway, 2 Industrial,

28 A comparison of the proportions of litter items found at each site type revealed that highway and industrial locations contributed large amounts to the total number of litter items in the August Monitor, based on the proportion of the number of these sites as outlined below: Highway sites represented only 1 of the total number of sites surveyed and contributed just over one quarter (2, down from 3 in Wave 61) of the total litter items counted in Wave 62 Industrial sites incorporated 1 of the sites surveyed, and contributed 1 (up from 1 in Wave 61) of the total litter items counted in Wave 62 Conversely, residential locations, beaches and recreational parks contributed smaller proportions of litter items to the total litter count than anticipated based upon the proportion of these sites within the overall sample of locations as detailed below: Residential areas incorporated 1 of the sites surveyed, but contributed only (unchanged from Wave 61) of the litter items counted in Wave 62 Beaches - represented 1 of the sites surveyed, but contributed only (up from in Wave 61) of the litter counted in Wave 62 Recreational parks represented of sites surveyed and contributed (down from in Wave 61) of the litter counted in Wave 62 The remaining sites contributed the expected proportions of litter based on the proportion of these sites among the overall number of sites counted during August 2013, the proportions were: Car parks incorporated 1 of the sites surveyed and contributed 1 (down from 1 in Wave 61) of the litter items counted in Wave 62 Retail areas - incorporated of the sites surveyed and contributed 1 (up from in Wave 61) of the litter items counted in Wave 62 Shopping centres - incorporated of the sites surveyed and contributed 1 (up from in Wave 61) of the litter items counted in Wave

29 PROPORTION OF TOTAL LITTER ITEMS COUNTED WITHIN SITE TYPE - tracking - Aug May Feb Nov Aug May Feb Nov Aug May Feb.11 20% 3 1 Nov % 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% % of total Beach Car Park Highway Industrial Recreational Park Residential Retail Shopping Centre

30 Volume Just under half (4, down from 5 in Wave 61) of the total volume of litter estimated during Wave 62 was associated with litter items at highway locations. Moderate volumes of litter were also contributed to the overall litter volume by industrial sites (2, up from 1 in Wave 61) and residential sites (1, up from in Wave 61) during August Lower volumes of litter were estimated at car park sites (, down from 1 in Wave 61), shopping centres (, down from in Wave 61), beaches (, unchanged from Wave 61), retail sites (, up from in Wave 61) and recreational parks (, up from in Wave 61) to the total volume of litter recorded in Wave 62. PROPORTION OF TOTAL LITTER VOLUME BY SITE TYPE Industrial, 2 Recreational Park, Residential, 1 Retail, Shopping Centre, Highway, 4 Beach, Car Park, A comparison of the litter volume, number of litter items and proportion of sites represented within location types shows that highways contributed a larger number and volume of litter items than would be expected given their representations within the sample. NUMBER AND VOLUME OF LITTER BY SITE TYPE AS PROPORTIONS OF TOTALS % of total litter volume % of total items counted % of total number of sites counted % 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% % of total Beach Car Park Highway Industrial Recreational Park Residential Retail Shopping Centre

31 3.8 CDL Beverage Containers The overwhelming majority (9, unchanged from Wave 61) of litter items counted in August 2013 were non-beverage items. The total number of CDL beverage containers counted in Wave 62 remained unchanged from the previous monitor at 222 items (the same as Wave 61). CDL beverage containers accounted for 9 (up from 9 in Wave 61) of all beverage containers counted during Wave

32 Data Summary - Items

33 - 31 -

34 - 32 -

35 - 33 -

36 Data Summary - Volumes

37 - 35 -

38 - 36 -

39 - 37 -

40 Appendix 1: Tracking Graphs

41 Weighting of Previous Results Since February 2006 (Wave 32), 11 revised sites have been surveyed concurrently with the 151 original sites included within the litter monitor program since its inception in February The new and old sites were surveyed simultaneously across four Waves of the monitor. These 11 revised sites have previously been surveyed concurrently with the 151 original sites to replace 11 of the original sites that were found to be unusual in nature, and analyses have typically focused on results for the 151 sites including the 11 new sites and the 151 sites including the 11 old sites separately. However, in counts since the February 2007 Monitor only the 151 revised sites (incorporating the 11 new locations) have been surveyed. In order to facilitate tracking comparisons, figures prior to February 2007 have been weighted based upon the variations between results corresponding to the 151 sites including the 11 new sites and the 151 sites including the 11 old sites. Weighting techniques were based upon comparisons of figures for items and volumes recorded during Waves 32, 33, 34 and 35 across all sites incorporating either the 11 original or 11 revised sites. Differences between such figures provided indices of the degree of consistent variation between original and revised site litter data, and reliable weightings were thereby established. Figures which have been weighted included: Absolute values (counts and volumes) within material categories and site types, since the inclusion of the revised sites resulted in differences in nearly all absolute values of counted litter. Comparisons between proportional representation of litter across site types, due to the fact that site revision altered the proportions of litter contributed to the total litter stream within certain site categories whilst others remained unchanged. However, preliminary investigations demonstrated that proportional contribution to the total litter stream within material types was consistently similar between the original and revised site sets. This finding supports the assumption that whilst the quantities of litter recorded differed between old and new sites, the types of materials present within such litter were relatively consistent. For this reason, proportional figures within material types did not require weighting

42 Residential Beach Industrial Car Park Shopping Centre Retail Recreational Park Highway Metropolitan Regional TOTAL Items within material categories across all 151 sites including either 11 original or 11 revised sites Old New Diff New as % of Old Old New Diff New as % of Old Old New Diff New as % of Old Old New Diff New as % of Old Glass Metal Plastic Paper/ paperboard Miscellaneous Cigarette Butts TOTAL AVERAGE New as % of Old OVERALL Mean New as % of Old Wave 32 Wave 33 Wave 34 Wave 35 Items within site type across all 151 sites including either 11 original or 11 revised sites Wave 32 Wave 33 Wave 34 Wave 35 Old New Diff New as % of Old Old New Diff New as % of Old Old New Diff New as % of Old Old New Diff New as % of Old Average New as % of Old

43 Residential Beach Industrial Car Park Shopping Centre Retail Recreational Park Highway Metropolitan Regional TOTAL Proportions of total items within site type across all 151 sites including either 11 original or 11 revised sites Old New Wave 32 Old % of total items % New % of total items % change from Old to New % Old New Wave 33 Old % of total items New % of total items % % change from Old to New 2.0% % Old New Wave 34 Old % of total items % New % of total items % change from Old to New % Old New Wave 35 Old % of total items 5.0% New % of total items % % change from Old to New Average % difference from Old to New 0%

44 Residential Beach Industrial Car Park Shopping Centre Retail Recreational Park Highway Metropolitan Regional TOTAL Volumes within material categories across all 151 sites including either 11 original or 11 revised sites Wave 32 Wave 33 Wave 34 Wave 35 Old New Diff New as % of Old Old New Diff New as % of Old Old New Diff New as % of Old Old New Diff Glass Metal Plastic Paper/ paperboard Miscellaneous Cigarette Butts TOTAL AVERAGE New as % of Old OVERALL MEAN DIFFERENCE New as % of Old Volumes within site type across all 151 sites including either 11 original or 11 revised sites Wave 32 Wave 33 Wave 34 Wave 35 Old New Diff New as % of Old Old New Diff New as % of Old Old New Diff New as % of Old Old New Diff New as % of Old Average New as % of Old

45 Residential Beach Industrial Car Park Shopping Centre Retail Recreational Park Highway Metropolitan Regional TOTAL Proportions of total volume within site type across all 151 sites including either 11 original or 11 revised sites Old New Wave 32 Old % of total volume New % of total volume % change from Old to New Old New Wave 33 Old % of total volume New % of total volume % change from Old to New Old New Wave 34 Old % of total volume % % 25.0% New % of total volume % change from Old to New 1.0% Old New Wave 35 Old % of total volume New % of total volume % change from Old to New Average % difference from Old to New 0% - 0% 0%

46 Unweighted Tracking Graphs - Items

47 Feb.98 May.98 Aug.98 Nov.98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug.99 Nov.99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 Total Litter - Number of Items Revised Sites Inc CDL - 5c to 10c Sept 08

48 Feb. 98 May.98 Aug. 98 Nov. 98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug. 99 Nov. 99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug Number of litter items Degrees Celsius Weather Temperature and Total Number of Litter Items Inc CDL - 5c to 10c Sept 08 Revised Sites Absolute total Average Temperature

49 Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug.12 May.12 Feb.12 Nov.11 Aug.11 May.11 Feb.11 Nov.10 Aug.10 May.10 Feb.10 Nov.09 Aug.09 May.09 Feb.09 Nov.08 Aug.08 May.08 Feb.08 Nov.07 Aug.07 May.07 Feb.07 Nov.06 Aug.06 May.06 Feb.06 Nov.05 Aug.05 May.05 Feb.05 Nov.04 Aug.04 May.04 Feb.04 Nov.03 Aug.03 May.03 Feb.03 Nov.02 May.02 Feb.02 Nov.01 Aug.01 May.01 Feb.01 Nov.00 Aug.00 May.00 Feb.00 Nov. 99 Aug. 99 May.99 Feb.99 Nov. 98 Aug. 98 May.98 Feb Number of Litter Items by Material Type Number of Items Cigarette butts Glass Metal Miscellaneous Paper/paperboard Plastic Inc CDL - 5c to 10c Sept Revised

50 % % % % 40% % % 20% 1 20% % 20% % % % % % % % 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Feb. 98 May 98 Aug. 98 Nov. 98 Feb.99 May 99 Aug. 99 Nov. 99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 % of litter items Proportion of Total Litter Stream by Material Type Cigarette butts Glass Metal Miscellaneous Paper/paperboard Plastic Inc CDL - 5c to 10c Revised

51 Number of Litter Items by Site Type Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug.12 May.12 Feb.12 Nov.11 Aug.11 May.11 Feb.11 Nov.10 Aug.10 May.10 Feb.10 Nov.09 Aug.09 May.09 Feb.09 Nov.08 Aug.08 May.08 Feb.08 Nov.07 Aug.07 May.07 Feb.07 Nov.06 Aug.06 May.06 Feb.06 Nov.05 Aug.05 May.05 Feb.05 Nov.04 Aug.04 May.04 Feb.04 Nov.03 Aug.03 May.03 Feb.03 Nov.02 May.02 Feb.02 Nov.01 Aug.01 May.01 Feb.01 Nov.00 Aug.00 May.00 Feb.00 Nov. 99 Aug. 99 May.99 Feb.99 Nov. 98 Aug. 98 May.98 Feb Inc CDL - 5c to 10c Sept Revised Sites Number of Litter Items Beach Car park Highway Industrial Recreational Park Residential Retail Shopping Centre

52 % 1 20% % % % % % 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Proportion of Feb. 98 May 98 Aug. 98 Nov. 98 Feb.99 May 99 Aug. 99 Nov. 99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug. 04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug. 05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 % of Total Litter Items Proportion of Total Litter by Site Type Beach Car park Highway Industrial Recreational Park Residential Retail Shopping Centre Revised Sites Inc CDL - 5c to 10c

53 Feb.98 May.98 Aug.98 Nov.98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug.99 Nov.99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 Number of Items Total Number of Cigarette Butts Revised Sites

54 Feb.98 May.98 Aug.98 Nov.98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug.99 Nov.99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug % % % 40% Number of Items 5 60% % 60% % % % % % Proportion of Cigarette Related Litter Items in Total Litter Stream Revised Sites 100% 90% 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 0% Cigarette Packets Cigarette Butts Other Litter

55 Number of Cigarette Butts by Site Type Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug.12 May.12 Feb.12 Nov.11 Aug.11 May.11 Feb.11 Nov.10 Aug.10 May.10 Feb.10 Nov.09 Aug.09 May.09 Feb.09 Nov.08 Aug.08 May.08 Feb.08 Nov.07 Aug.07 May.07 Feb.07 Nov.06 Aug.06 May.06 Feb.06 Nov.05 Aug.05 May.05 Feb.05 Nov.04 Aug.04 May.04 Feb.04 Nov.03 Aug.03 May.03 Feb.03 Nov.02 May.02 Feb.02 Nov.01 Aug.01 May.01 Feb.01 Nov.00 Aug.00 May.00 Feb.00 Nov. 99 Aug. 99 May.99 Feb.99 Nov.98 Aug.98 May Number of cigarette butts Beach Car park Highway Industrial Recreational Park Residential Retail Shopping Centre Revised Sites

56 Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug.12 May.12 Feb.12 Nov.11 Aug.11 May.11 Feb.11 Nov.10 Aug.10 May.10 Feb.10 Nov.09 Aug.09 May.09 Feb.09 Nov.08 Aug.08 May.08 Feb.08 Nov.07 Aug.07 May.07 Feb.07 Nov.06 Aug.06 May.06 Feb.06 Nov.05 Aug.05 May.05 Feb.05 Nov.04 Aug.04 May.04 Feb.04 Nov.03 Aug.03 May.03 Feb.03 Nov.02 May.02 Feb.02 Nov.01 Aug.01 May.01 Feb.01 Nov.00 Aug.00 May.00 Feb.00 Nov. 99 Aug. 99 May.99 Feb.99 Nov.98 Aug.98 May.98 Feb.98 Proportion of Total Cigarette Butt Litter at Highway sites & Other sites % % % % % % % % % % % % % % 0% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% % of total cigarette butt litter Revised Sites Highway sites Other sites

57 Number of CDL containers and total beverage containers % of beverage litter covered by current CDL Proportion of Beverage Litter Covered By Current CDL & Total Number of Beverage Litter Items & Containers Covered By Current CDL January 2003 extension to CDL Inc CDL - 5c to 10c % Sept % 9 90% % 8 90% % % % % % 80% % Total Beverage CDL - Trendline 60% % 40% % % 0 0% Total Beverage CDL Total Beverage % CDL of Total Beverage Linear (Total Beverage CDL) Linear (% CDL of Total Beverage)

58 Feb.98 May.98 Aug.98 Nov.98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug.99 Nov.99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb-06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 % of CDL litter items January 2003 extension to CDL Proportion of Current CDL Litter Items in Total Litter Stream Inc CDL - 5c to 10c Sept % % % Trendline % % % % 2.0% %

59 May.98 Aug.98 Nov.98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug.99 Nov.99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug Number of items CDL and Non-CDL Beverage Items Within Material Categories 1000 January 2003 extension to Revised Sites Inc CDL - 5c to 10 Sept Trendline Total CDL glass Total CDL metal Total CDL paperboard Total CDL Plastic Total non-cdl glass Total non-cdl paperboard Total non-cdl Plastic

60 Top 20 Litter Items - Highest Counts CIGARETTE BUTTS - Cigarette butts PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Other paper (including tissues) PLASTIC - Other plastic PLASTIC - Snack bags & confectionery wrappers PLASTIC - Take away & cups PLASTIC - Plastic bottle tops PLASTIC - Straws METAL - Metal bottle tops and can pull rings PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cups/take away containers PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Packages & boxes METAL - Metal pieces METAL - Other foil MISCELLANEOUS - Clothing & materials GLASS - Other glass PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cigarette packets PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Paper bags PLASTIC - Packing tape & straps MISCELLANEOUS - Construction materials PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Shopper dockets & related shopping paper (eg. lists) PLASTIC - Sacks - sheeting - other bags Number of Litter Items Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

61 Unweighted Tracking Graphs - Volume

62 Top 20 Litter Items by Volume PLASTIC - Containers, domestic type MISCELLANEOUS - Illegal dumping PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cups/take away containers PLASTIC - Take away & cups PLASTIC - Containers, industrial e.g. oil PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Newspapers & magazines MISCELLANEOUS - Construction materials PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cigarette packets METAL - Flav. water/soft drink, (carbonated), all sizes PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Packages & boxes PLASTIC - Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated), <1 litre METAL - Foil take away GLASS - Beer, all colours of glass, <750ml PLASTIC - Flav. milk, <1 litre PLASTIC - Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sports drink (non-carb), 1 litre PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Junk mail/free circulars METAL - Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes METAL - Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers GLASS - Beer, all colours of glass, 750ml PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cartons, flavoured milk, <1 litre Volume of Litter Items (m3) Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

63 Feb.98 May.98 Aug.98 Nov.98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug.99 Nov.99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 Volume of litter (m3) Volume of Litter by Site Type Beach Car park Highway Industrial Recreational Park Residential Retail Shopping Centre Revised Sites Inc CDL - 5c to 10c Sept 08

64 % 0% 0% 0% % 70% % % % 4 60% % % % % % % 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% % 0% 0% 1 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% Proportion of Feb. 98 May 98 Aug. 98 Nov. 98 Feb.99 May 99 Aug. 99 Nov. 99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug. 04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 % of Total Litter Items Proportion of Litter Volume in Total Litter Stream by Site Type Beach Car park Highway Industrial Recreational Park Residential Retail Shopping Centre Revised Sites Inc CDL - 5c to 10c Sept 08

65 May.98 Aug. 98 Nov. 98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug. 99 Nov. 99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 Volume of items (m3) Volume of Litter Items by Material Type Cigarette butts Glass Illegal dumping Metal Miscellaneous (excluding illegal dumping) Paper/paperboard Plastic Revised Sites Inc CDL - 5c to 10c Sept 08

66 Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug.12 May.12 Feb.12 Nov.11 Aug.11 May.11 Feb.11 Nov.10 Aug.10 May.10 Feb.10 Nov.09 Aug.09 May.09 Feb.09 Nov.08 Aug.08 May.08 Feb.08 Nov.07 Aug.07 May.07 Feb.07 Nov.06 Aug.06 May.06 Feb.06 Nov.05 Aug.05 May.05 Feb.05 Nov.04 Aug.04 May.04 Feb.04 Nov.03 Aug.03 May.03 Feb.03 Nov.02 May. 02 Feb.02 Nov.01 Aug.01 May. 01 Feb.01 Nov.00 Aug.00 May. 00 Feb.00 Nov. 99 Aug. 99 May 99 Feb.99 Nov. 98 Aug. 98 May 98 Feb. 98 Proportion of Total Litter Volume by Material Type - Please note that cigarette butts are not included as the volumes of such are consistently negligible % 20% % % % 20% % 30% % % % % 3 30% % 2 30% % % 30% % 0% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% % of litter items Glass Illegal dumping Metal Miscellaneous (excluding illegal dumping) Paper/paperboard Plastic

67 Feb. 98 May 98 Aug. 98 Nov. 98 Feb.99 May 99 Aug. 99 Nov. 99 Feb.00 May. 00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May. 01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May. 02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug Volume of litter items (m3) Degrees Celsius Weather Temperature and Total Volume of Litter Items Revised Sites 33 Inc CDL - 5c to 10c Sept Volume Average Temperature

68 Feb.98 May.98 Aug.98 Nov.98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug.99 Nov.99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 Volume (m3) Total Volume (Cubic Metres) of Litter Revised Sites Inc CDL - 5c to 10c Sept

69 Weighted Tracking Graphs - Items

70 Feb.98 May.98 Aug.98 Nov.98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug.99 Nov.99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 Total Litter - Number of Items - Weighted Trendline

71 Feb. 98 May.98 Aug. 98 Nov. 98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug. 99 Nov. 99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug Number of litter items Degrees Celsius Weather Temperature and Total Number of Litter Items - Weighted Weighted Average Temperature

72 Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug.12 May.12 Feb.12 Nov.11 Aug.11 May.11 Feb.11 Nov.10 Aug.10 May.10 Feb.10 Nov.09 Aug.09 May.09 Feb.09 Nov.08 Aug.08 May.08 Feb.08 Nov.07 Aug.07 May.07 Feb.07 Nov.06 Aug.06 May.06 Feb.06 Nov.05 Aug.05 May.05 Feb.05 Nov.04 Aug.04 May.04 Feb.04 Nov.03 Aug.03 May.03 Feb.03 Nov.02 May.02 Feb.02 Nov.01 Aug.01 May.01 Feb.01 Nov.00 Aug.00 May.00 Feb.00 Nov. 99 Aug. 99 May.99 Feb.99 Nov. 98 Aug. 98 May.98 Feb. 98 Number of Litter Items by Material Type - Weighted Number of Items Cigarette butts - weighted Glass - weighted Metal - weighted Miscellaneous - weighted Paper/paperboard - weighted Plastic - weighted

73 Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug.12 May.12 Feb.12 Nov.11 Aug.11 May.11 Feb.11 Nov.10 Aug.10 May.10 Feb.10 Nov.09 Aug.09 May.09 Feb.09 Nov.08 Aug.08 May.08 Feb.08 Nov.07 Aug.07 May.07 Feb.07 Nov.06 Aug.06 May.06 Feb.06 Nov.05 Aug.05 May.05 Feb.05 Nov.04 Aug.04 May.04 Feb.04 Nov.03 Aug.03 May.03 Feb.03 Nov.02 May.02 Feb.02 Nov.01 Aug.01 May.01 Feb.01 Nov.00 Aug.00 May.00 Feb.00 Nov. 99 Aug. 99 May.99 Feb.99 Nov. 98 Aug. 98 May.98 Feb Number of Litter Items by Site Type - Weighted Number of Litter Items Beach - weighted Car park - weighted Highway - weighted Industrial - weighted Recreational Park - weighted Residential - weighted Retail - weight Shopping Centre - weighted

74 Proportion of Total Litter by Site Type - Weighted Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug.12 May.12 Feb.12 Nov.11 Aug.11 May.11 Feb.11 Nov.10 Aug.10 May.10 Feb.10 Nov.09 Aug.09 May.09 Feb.09 Nov.08 Aug.08 May.08 Feb.08 Nov.07 Aug.07 May.07 Feb.07 Nov.06 Aug.06 May.06 Feb.06 Nov.05 Aug. 05 May.05 Feb.05 Nov.04 Aug. 04 May.04 Feb.04 Nov.03 Aug.03 May.03 Feb.03 Nov.02 May.02 Feb.02 Nov.01 Aug.01 May.01 Feb.01 Nov.00 Aug.00 May.00 Feb.00 Nov. 99 Aug. 99 May 99 Feb.99 Nov. 98 Aug. 98 May 98 Feb. 98 Proportion of % 1 20% % % % % % 2 20% % 2 20% % % 1 0% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% % of Total Litter Items Beach - weighted Car park - weighted Highway - weighted Industrial - weighted Recreational Park - weighted Residential - weighted Retail - weighted Shopping Centre - weighted

75 May.98 Aug.98 Nov.98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug.99 Nov.99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 Number of Items Total Number of Cigarette Butts - Weighted Trendlin

76 Number of Cigarette Butts by Site Type - Weighted Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug.12 May.12 Feb.12 Nov.11 Aug.11 May.11 Feb.11 Nov.10 Aug.10 May.10 Feb.10 Nov.09 Aug.09 May.09 Feb.09 Nov.08 Aug.08 May.08 Feb.08 Nov.07 Aug.07 May.07 Feb.07 Nov.06 Aug.06 May.06 Feb.06 Nov.05 Aug.05 May.05 Feb.05 Nov.04 Aug.04 May.04 Feb.04 Nov.03 Aug.03 May.03 Feb.03 Nov.02 May.02 Feb.02 Nov.01 Aug.01 May.01 Feb.01 Nov.00 Aug.00 May.00 Feb.00 Nov. 99 Aug. 99 May.99 Feb.99 Nov.98 Aug.98 May.98 Feb Number of cigarette butts Beach - weighted Car park - weighted Highway - weighted Industrial - weighted Recreational Park - weighted Residential - weighted Retail - weighted Shopping Centre - weighted

77 Proportion of Total Cigarette Butt Litter at Highway sites & Other sites - Weighted Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug.12 May.12 Feb.12 Nov.11 Aug.11 May.11 Feb.11 Nov.10 Aug.10 May.10 Feb.10 Nov.09 Aug.09 May.09 Feb.09 Nov.08 Aug.08 May.08 Feb.08 Nov.07 Aug.07 May.07 Feb.07 Nov.06 Aug.06 May.06 Feb.06 Nov.05 Aug.05 May.05 Feb.05 Nov.04 Aug.04 May.04 Feb.04 Nov.03 Aug.03 May.03 Feb.03 Nov.02 May.02 Feb.02 Nov.01 Aug.01 May.01 Feb.01 0% % % % % 0% Nov.00 Aug.00 0% May.00 0% Feb.00 Nov. 99 0% Aug. 99 May.99 Feb.99 Nov.98 Aug.98< May.98 Feb % % % % % % 100% 100% 9 100% % 9 9 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% % of total cigarette butt litter Highway sites - weighted Other sites - weighted

78 Feb.98 May.98 Aug.98 Nov.98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug.99 Nov.99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug Number of items CDL and Non-CDL Beverage Items Within Material Categories - Weighted Total CDL glass - weighted Total CDL metal - weighted Total CDL paperboard - weighted Total CDL Plastic - weighted Total non-cdl glass - weighted Total non-cdl paperboard - weighted Total non-cdl Plastic - weighted

79 Top 20 Litter Items - Highest Counts - Weighted CIGARETTE BUTTS - Cigarette butts PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Other paper (including tissues) PLASTIC - Other plastic PLASTIC - Snack bags & confectionery wrappers PLASTIC - Take away & cups PLASTIC - Plastic bottle tops PLASTIC - Straws METAL - Metal bottle tops and can pull rings PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cups/take away containers PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Packages & boxes METAL - Metal pieces METAL - Other foil MISCELLANEOUS - Clothing & materials GLASS - Other glass PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cigarette packets PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Paper bags PLASTIC - Packing tape & straps MISCELLANEOUS - Construction materials PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Shopper dockets & related shopping paper (eg. lists) PLASTIC - Sacks - sheeting - other bags Number of Litter Items Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

80 Weighted Tracking Graphs - Volumes

81 Top 20 Litter Items by Volume - Weighted PLASTIC - Containers, domestic type MISCELLANEOUS - Illegal dumping PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cups/take away containers PLASTIC - Take away & cups PLASTIC - Containers, industrial e.g. oil PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Newspapers & magazines MISCELLANEOUS - Construction materials PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cigarette packets METAL - Flav. water/soft drink, (carbonated), all sizes PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Packages & boxes PLASTIC - Flav. water/soft drink (carbonated), <1 litre METAL - Foil take away GLASS - Beer, all colours of glass, <750ml PLASTIC - Flav. milk, <1 litre PLASTIC - Flav. water/fruit j. drink/sports drink (noncarb), 1 litre+ PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Junk mail/free circulars METAL - Beer, aluminium, all types, all sizes METAL - Alcoholic sodas & spirit-based mixers GLASS - Beer, all colours of glass, 750ml+ PAPER/PAPERBOARD - Cartons, flavoured milk, <1 litre Volume of Litter Items (m3) Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug

82 Volume of Litter by Site Type - Weighted Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug.12 May.12 Feb.12 Nov.11 Aug.11 May.11 Feb.11 Nov.10 Aug.10 May.10 Feb.10 Nov.09 Aug.09 May.09 Feb.09 Nov.08 Aug.08 May.08 Feb.08 Nov.07 Aug.07 May.07 Feb.07 Nov.06 Aug.06 May.06 Feb.06 Nov.05 Aug.05 May.05 Feb.05 Nov.04 Aug.04 May.04 Feb.04 Nov.03 Aug.03 May.03 Feb.03 Nov.02 May.02 Feb.02 Nov.01 Aug.01 May.01 Feb.01 Nov.00 Aug.00 May.00 Feb.00 Nov.99 Aug.99 May.99 Feb.99 Nov.98 Aug.98 May.98 Feb Volume of litter (m3) Beach - weighted Car park - weighted Highway - weighted Industrial - weighted Recreational Park - weighted Residential - weighted Retail - weighted Shopping Centre - weighted

83 Aug.13 May.13 Feb.13 Nov.12 Aug.12 May.12 Feb.12 Nov.11 Aug.11 May.11 Feb.11 Nov.10 Aug.10 May.10 Feb.10 Nov.09 Aug.09 May.09 Feb.09 Nov.08 Aug.08 May.08 Feb.08 Nov.07 Aug.07 May.07 Feb.07 Nov.06 Aug.06 May.06 Feb.06 Nov.05 Aug.05 May.05 Feb.05 Nov.04 Aug. 04 May.04 Feb.04 Nov.03 Aug.03 May.03 Feb.03 Nov.02 May.02 Feb.02 Nov.01 Aug.01 May.01 Feb.01 Nov.00 Aug.00 May.00 Feb.00 Nov. 99 Aug. 99 May 99 Feb.99 Nov. 98 Aug. 98 May 98 Feb. 98 Proportion of sites Proportion of Litter Volume in Total Litter Stream by Site Type - Weighted 0% 0% % % % 4 60% % % % % 0% 0% % % % 2 0% % % % % 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100% % of Total Litter Items Beach - weighted Car park - weighted Highway - weighted Industrial - weighted Recreational Park - weighted Residential - weighted Retail - weighted Shopping Centre - weighted

84 Feb. 98 May.98 Aug. 98 Nov. 98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug. 99 Nov. 99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 Volume of items (m3) Volume of Litter Items by Material Type - Weighted Cigarette butts - weighted Glass - weighted Illegal dumping - weighted Metal - weighted Miscellaneous (excluding illegal dumping) - weighted Paper/paperboard - weighted Plastic - weighted

85 Feb. 98 May 98 Aug. 98 Nov. 98 Feb.99 May 99 Aug. 99 Nov. 99 Feb.00 May. 00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May. 01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May. 02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug Volume of litter items (m 3 ) Degrees Celsius Weather Temperature and Total Volume of Litter Items - Weighted Volume - weighted Average Temperature

86 Feb.98 May.98 Aug.98 Nov.98 Feb.99 May.99 Aug.99 Nov.99 Feb.00 May.00 Aug.00 Nov.00 Feb.01 May.01 Aug.01 Nov.01 Feb.02 May.02 Nov.02 Feb.03 May.03 Aug.03 Nov.03 Feb.04 May.04 Aug.04 Nov.04 Feb.05 May.05 Aug.05 Nov.05 Feb.06 May.06 Aug.06 Nov.06 Feb.07 May.07 Aug.07 Nov.07 Feb.08 May.08 Aug.08 Nov.08 Feb.09 May.09 Aug.09 Nov.09 Feb.10 May.10 Aug.10 Nov.10 Feb.11 May.11 Aug.11 Nov.11 Feb.12 May.12 Aug.12 Nov.12 Feb.13 May.13 Aug.13 Volume (m3) Total Volume (Cubic Metres) of Litter - Weighted

87 Appendix 2: Data Collection Form

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