B-757 FLEET OPERATIONS TRAINING AND STANDARDS Non Precision Approaches 02/28/12
Approach Planning Close The 757 is not capable of intercepting and tracking of VOR or NDB courses or bearings. Therefore for any non-precision approach not involving a localizer type aid for course guidance, the only way to track a course is via an RNAV overlay. Consequently, the only method to track this overlay is LNAV. Type of approach RNAV (GPS, GNSS) ILS (GS Out) LOC (or LDA) VOR NDB LOC BC Any other NP approach Suitable AFDS mode(s) LNAV LOC or LNAV LOC or LNAV LNAV LNAV B/CRS with LOC or LNAV LNAV or HDG SEL
QRH Briefing Guide Whether or not choosing to use monitored approach procedures, the guide in the QRH contains useful information for all nonprecision approaches.
Approach Preparation Close Approach is chosen and selected in FMS Approach should be in database (required for RNAV approaches) Transition should be selected if expected or fixes on transition are expected. What form of vertical guidance will be used VNAV is preferred method V/S is alternate method (can be used for Constant Descent Angle (CDA) or dive and drive approach) NOTE: RNAV approaches should not be flown with a single FMC and without GPS if the LNAV ground track cannot be independently verified.
Approach Preparation Close What type of minimums will be used and how to choose If VNAV minimums are published, or the approach is an ILS (glideslope inop), a decision altitude (DA) is used For all other approaches using VNAV vertical guidance, a derived decision altitude (DDA) is used. 50 is added to the charted altitude An MDA can be set if dive and drive is chosen NOTE: RNAV approaches should not be flown with a single FMC and without GPS if the LNAV ground track cannot be independently verified.
Approach Preparation Close Approaches usually begin at a published IAF. However, they may begin at any published segment of an approach. Review and compare the approach in the FMS Legs page to the Approach Chart. Outside of the Final Approach Fix, crews may edit altitude/speed constraints as desired. No waypoints may be added/deleted between the FAF and the MAP.
VNAV Procedure Close Non-precision approaches can be flown with different lateral guidance methods. Normally VNAV is used as the vertical guidance method and the steps are always the same. Once the fix cycles, and cleared, established, and protected: L Lateral mode (LNAV, LOC, BC, or HDG/S) A Set altitude select window to threshold elevation rounded up to next 100 V Vertical Mode (VNAV) S Speed intervention (selected after speed window closes) Verify: FMA - VNAV SPD or VNAV PTH VNAV PTH must annunciate by the FAF and remain throughout the final approach.
MCDU/Display Setup Close Both pilots monitor MAP on the ND One pilot s MCDU on PROG 2/3
Missed Approach Criteria Close For any approach flown in LNAV:.5 nm deviation from course centerline while outside FAF (XTK error on PROG 2/3)..3 nm deviation from course centerline while inside FAF (XTK error on PROG 2/3). For any approach flown in VNAV (inside the FAF): VNAV PTH does not display, or VNAV PTH is LOST. >100 vertical deviation above (+VTK error on PROG 2/3) >50 vertical deviation below (-VTK error on PROG 2/3) For RNAV (GPS/GNSS) Approaches: EICAS message UNABLE RNP displays. For any approach NOT flown in LNAV: VOR > 1 dot deviation on VOR scale. LOC > 1/3 dot deviation from LOC (2/3 dot on expanded scale). NDB > 5 deg. Bearing deviation
VOR 33L Boston (KBOS)
Procedural steps L LNAV since RNAV overlay LNAV FMA displayed A 100 (15 rounded up) V VNAV VNAV SPD or VNAV PTH displayed If VNAV ALT, altitude intervene S Speed set to Vref + wind additive Push IAS selector and adjust as desired Monitor performance and ensure all altitude and/or speed constraints are met
After Cleared, Established and Protected 1 8 0 3 4 2 1 0 0 SPD LNAV VNAV PTH A/T Initial/transition fix cycles and ready to commence. L LNAV A 100 V VNAV S Speed Intervene if not already selected VNAV PTH or SPD displayed
Final Approach Fix 1 3 4 3 4 2 1 0 0 SPD LNAV VNAV PTH A/T By FAF/FAP, VNAV PTH must display Green altitude range arc on ND should display near the end of the runway Set missed approach altitude before 1000 AGL
1000 to 500 1 3 4 3 4 2 3 0 0 0 SPD LNAV VNAV PTH A/T 1000 IMC: PM: Stable or Not Stable (identify condition) Verify MAA Set 500 : PM: Cleared to land runway
Approaching Minimums 1 3 4 3 4 2 3 0 0 0 SPD LNAV VNAV PTH A/T 200 above minimums: PM: approaching minimums. If monitored, C approaching minimums, going heads up.
Minimums (DA or DDA) 1 3 4 3 4 2 3 0 0 0 SPD LNAV VNAV PTH A/T With required visibility, runway environment, and safe descent to land: If monitored I have the airplane Continue with visual descent Disconnect AP no lower than 50 below DA, 100 below DDA
Continuing Below Minimums Pilot monitoring gives verbal descent cues: Altitude referencing the Radio Altitude. Speed variance referencing the speed bug. Sink rate referencing the VSI. If any stabilized approach criterion is exceeded, the PM will call it to the attention of the PF. If excessive or an immediate correction is not made, execute the missed approach.
Missed Approach Since the missed approach is usually in the database and involves an LNAV course, the miss can be flown in LNAV once above 400 AGL. If alternate missed approach desired or missed approach is not in the database, HDG SEL can be selected above 400 AGL.
Go-Around GA A/T GA GA CMD Go-Around: PF Push GA switch PF Go around, Flaps 20. PM/PF Positive rate. PF Gear up, Check Missed Approach Altitude.
Go-Around 400 RA GA A/T LNAV CMD GA 400 Feet RA: Select roll mode (HDG SEL or LNAV) Verify route tracking
Go-Around 1000 AFE GA A/T LNAV CMD GA 1,000 AFE 1,000 AFE: Set speed for planned flap setting Retract flaps on schedule
Go-Around SPD A/T LNAV CMD ALT CAP After planned flaps set and at or above flap maneuvering speed: Select FLCH & set speed Engage A/P (if not already engaged at GA) once pitch and roll modes engaged Verify altitude capture Do the After Takeoff Checklist