THE SITUATION OF DROWNING MORTALITY IN VIETNAM 2005-2009 Health Environment Management Agency Background information Fig1: Mortality trend of diseases in Viet Nam 1976-2008 70 60 50 Communicable diseases 40 30 20 Noncommunicable diseases Acident, Injury, poisoning 10 0 1976 1986 1996 2006 2008 Source: Health Statistic Yearbook 2008 1
/100.000 pop year -1 25 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 20 15 10 5 0 Fig 2: Injury mortality by causes 2005-2009 Source: Report of Health Environment Management Agency, 2010 /100.000 children year -1 14 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 Fig 2: Injury mortality of children and adolescent 0-19 years old by causes 2005-2009 Source: Report of Health Environment Management Agency, 2010 2
Objectives Assessment of the status of drowning mortality in Vietnam Review of intervention activities to prevent drowning in Vietnam Recommendations of drowning prevention Method Reviewing the national collection of deaths (name, age, sex and causes) from communes of period 2005-2009. Considering data including age, sex, address, occupation, month of death, cause of death, medical care prior to death. Reviewing other related studies/surveys on injury mortality 3
The situation of drowning mortality in Viet Nam Drowning is one of the leading causes of fatal injuries in the world as well as in Viet Nam, especially for children. Injury mortality rate accounts for 10-12% of the total deaths. Drowning is the second leading cause with 17% after traffic accidents. Drowning mortality from 2005-2009 /100.000 pop.year-1 9.0 8.6 8.7 8.5 8.19 8.0 7.5 7.75 7.45 7.0 6.5 Year 2005 Year 2006 Year 2007 Year 2008 Year 2009 4
Drowning mortality by sex Male were experienced in drowning more greatly than in female with the mortality ratio of 29% 12/100,000 population and 4.9/100,000 population, respectively 71% Male Female 5
29% Male Female 71% Drowning mortality of children by age group /100.000 children.year 25 22.32 20 15 13.45 10 5 10.25 7.08 0 0 to 4 5 to 9 10 to 14 15 to 19 6
Drowning mortality of children by sex 32% 68% Boy Girl Top Ten provinces with the highest number of injury mortality cases of children and adolescent aged from 0-19 in 2009 TT No Tỉnh/thành phố Provinces/ Cities Chung Total Số trường hợp Case Nam Male Nữ Female 1 Thanh Hoá 387 281 106 2 Nghệ An 378 257 121 3 Hà Nội 271 205 66 4 Đắc Lắc 233 143 90 5 Đồng Nai 215 163 52 6 Lâm Đồng 166 117 49 7 Bình Định 158 126 32 8 Bình Thuận 156 111 45 9 Hồ Chí Minh 154 114 40 10 Bắc Giang 153 114 39 7
Ricks factor of Drowning Age: children under 5 years old are more vulnerable Sex: male > female Poverty Safety equipments Alcohol Unsafe boats Climate Holidays Cause of death in children under 5 years old No Death causes N % 1. 1 native malformation 39 18.1 2 Drowning 39 18.1 3 pneumonia 37 17.1 4 Neonatal diseases 29 13.4 5 Other external causes 11 5.1 6 Diarrhea 9 4.2 7 Undefined causes 7 3.2 8 Neurological diseases 5 2.3 9 Respiratory diseases 4 1.9 10 Other causes 36 16.7 8
Recommended interventions Strengthening the information, education and communication to change the high-risk behaviors and drowning prevention Carrying out the community-based interventions through the close coordination and effective mobilization of people resources Strengthening the capacity of drowning first aid for health village workers and the health volunteer network Integrating the drowning prevention criteria into the movement of safe home, safe school and safe community models Intervention achievements Every year, the Government of Viet Nam enacts the Instruction on preventing flood and typhoon and rescue. So far, it has been recorded that nearly 200 training courses on swimming for over 4000 children were organized. Swimming cage has been accredited as a new technological initiative in effort to prevent drowning in children. The mortality rate of drowning in children has decreased 5% in provinces with drowning prevention programs. In the next period, a multidisciplinary action plan on drowning control for period 2011-2015 will be developed and implemented in accordance with the goal of at least 30% reduction of deaths related to drowning in children 9
Conclusion The research describes a great number of relatively comprehensive results on drowning mortality and risk factors in Vietnam. Development of policy to reduce drowning deaths requires appropriate interventional measures such as the national drowning prevention plan or sentinel surveillance systems on determination of risk factors of drowning in the community. Thank you for your attention 10