Gerald Ollivier Lead Transport Specialist World Bank, New Delhi Transforming Cities through Integrated Planning Corridor Scale
JOB ACCESSIBILITY: ZHENGZHOU A: LINE 1, 2, AND 3 AND WALKING: 12% B. SCENARIO A PLUS BUS: 28% ZHENGZHOU Population: 6.4 million GDP per capita: US$11k Peak hour accessibility C. SCENARIO B PLUS TOD: 39% D. SCENARIO C PLUS BICYCLE: 46% PERCENT OF JOBS ACCESSIBLE WITHIN 45 MINUTES BY PUBLIC TRANSIT
CURITIBA: FOCUSED DEVELOPMENT AROUND BRT CORRIDORS Curitiba has focused its urban growth around their RIT express network of BRT corridors CEPAC (tradable air rights) permits for high-density development partially funded construction of new Linha Verde (Green Line) BRT corridor supports higher density development Above: Diagram by Lindau et al. (2010) Left: Curitiba Centro, Image by Francisco Anzola
INTEGRATED PLANNING FOR COMMUNITIES Best addressed through city level guidelines tailored to the context. Also consider: Resilience Smart city components Balanced use of energy uses Role of bikes, new electric mobility and new transport solutions Underground and elevated space management Source: TOD COP Knowledge Product 5
Corridor Development Strategy In Dar es Salaam, Tanzania
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LESSONS AND BUILDING BLOCKS FOR TOD CORRIDORS TOD takes time 5-15 years Need to withstand government change Need public support and a vision at scale TOD takes capacity Diverse agencies need to be engaged New skills (real estate, market understanding) Need for a common narrative and understanding TOD requires a supportive market & community Understand the real estate market Allow for flexible approach over long market cycles Need to reduce transaction cost Need to engage communities Include affordable housing and informality 16
Green Transport Strategy In Tianjin, China
Tianjin Central District at a Glance One of the four Chinese Municipalities, with over US$200 billion in GDP Central Tianjin (2013) 334 km2/ 5.1 m people/ 15,400 in people density/km2 Disposable household income of 5200 US$/capita 2.4 trips per capita of 4.8 km and 30 minutes 41% of trips for work and commute, 8% for school High but declining non-motorized mode share Annual growth in cars by 20% (157/1,000 people) Low road density (4.6 km/km2) 4 metro lines (130 km) and only 0.8 m passengers 5700 buses serving 3.5 m trips with 71% coverage Plans for 13 metro lines A system under pressure Need for rethinking urban transport approach
Car-oriented urban planning and traffic design has impeded the development NMT
The Challenges of Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) in Tianjin Deteriorating NMT Environment Resulting in a Decreasing of NMT Mode Share TRANSPORT MODE SHARE IN TIANJIN URBAN AREA 2011 70.60% 16.00% 13.40% 2012 67.50% 16.90% 15.60% 2013 66.40% 16.90% 16.70% 2014 66.00% 18.20% 16.20% 2015 65.30% 18.50% 16.20% 0% 20% 40% 60% 80% 100% NMT (Walking + Biking) Public Transit Private Cars NMT mode share decreased by 5% 78% of side walks width < 3 m
The Challenges of Non-Motorized Transport (NMT) in Tianjin Streets Lose Vitality as a Result of Car-oriented Planning in Newly Built Areas Old Town Walking Street Newly Built Area
Pilot: Tianjin Green Transport Development Strategy Mode share of green transportation > 80% Average travel distance < 6 km Mode share of bicycles > 20% Average travel time during peak hours < 30 min 100% of physically separated bike lanes in arterial roads
Progress in Implementing the Green Transport Strategy Actions New Dedicated Bus Priority Lane in Tianjin Urban Area Implemented new dedicated bus priority lane in Tianjin urban areas including 35 main roads with a total length of 150km, following the recommendation in the output of TA-1.
Progress in Implementing the Green Transport Strategy Actions Upgraded NMT infrastructure in City Core Redevelopment of the streetscape in certain parts of Heping and Nankai Districts, including the creation of an integrated pedestrian and bike network with infrastructure investments in, inter alia, street pavement updates, drainage improvements, street facilities, and landscape improvements. 11 km2 and 72 complete streets (75 km) with utilities Project Site External Connection Road Greening Road Internal Connection Road Service-type Road Roads not included in the Project
Reshaping the street for Pedestrian and Cycling
Innovations under the Project Design Integrated Transport and Urban Space Design at Metro Station Before After
Innovations under the Project Design Green, Safe, and Open Space under Flyovers Before After
Future Trends Light Poles as data Stations
Public bike sharing (PBS) tackles urban mobility challenges PBS presents a promising solution to link the last-mile of urban mobility. Data generated by PBS unlocks innovative approaches to understand urban NMT demand thus to improve NMT environment.
Innovations under the Project Data Better Integrated Data for Smarter NMT Planning and Decision Making Multi-layers Infrastructure Data Apply computer vision and AI to identify bike lane separation facilities Spatiotemporal Distribution of PBS Traffic Volume Mixed traffic By markings By guardrail By greenbelt
Non motorized environment at a network level Case of Tianjin Bikeability Score of Streets in Tianjin Urban Area Walkability Score of Streets in Tianjin Urban Area Identify bottlenecks of bike lanes at the network level 瓶颈分析
Progress in Implementing the Green Transport Strategy Actions Quality Measurement Method for the Services of Dockless Bike Sharing Issued Quality Measurement Method for the Services of Dockless Bike Sharing to regulate bike sharing market and to promote its sustainable development Issued by: Tianjin Municipal Transportation Commission, Tianjin City Management Comprehensive Law Enforcement Bureau, Tianjin Public Security Traffic Management Bureau
Innovations under the Project Public Pinstreet: Voice of Every Urban Transport Participant Matters Public engagement - Pin any street problem on the map
TOD Toolkit How to of TOD
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Toolkit Types KNOWLEDGE PRODUCTS
Check the TOD Toolkit http://hdl.handle.net/10986/31121 gollivier@worldbank.org