International Fund for saving the Aral Sea (EC IFAS)
Aral Sea The Executive Committee of the the 60th of the 20th century
Aral Sea The Executive Committee of the The beginning of ХI century
Aral Sea The Executive Committee of the 1964 area 64800 km 2 2001 год area 21100 km 2 2013 год area 8730 km 2 100% 32,5% 13,5 % The desiccation dynamics of the Aral Sea
Aral Sea The Executive Committee of the Delta of the Amudarya river Reduction of the runoff up to 12,5 km3 of water
Aral Sea The Executive Committee of the 53 m (1960) by 29 meters 24 m (2013) 2013 1960 Level of water Reduction of water surface by 8 times
Aral Sea The Executive Committee of the Ocean Aral Sea 120-280 (g/l) 18-24 (g/l) Level of salinity - has increased by more than 13-25 times - exceeds average mineralization level of the World ocean by 7-11 times
Problems of the Aral Sea: опустынивание The sand-salt Aralkum desert, with a surface area of more than 5.5 million hectares, is inexorably taking over the Aral region
Problems of the Aral Sea: transfer dust and toxic salts More than 75 million tonnes of dust and toxic salts enter the atmosphere annually from the Aral Sea. The dust plumes that rise from the bottom are up to 400 km. long and 40 km. wide.
Problems of the Aral Sea: flora and fauna degradation More than half of the plant and animal gene pool of the Aral Sea region has disappeared, with 11 species of fish, 12 species of mammals, 26 types of birds and 11 species of plants nearly gone.
Problems of the Aral Sea The Tien Shan glaciers
Problems of the Aral Sea «The problem of the Aral Sea is not only a regional problem of Central Asia, but also one of the global problems.» From the speech of H.E. I.Karimov, President of the Republic of Uzbekistan, at the 48th UN General Assembly in 1993
Problems of the Aral Sea April, 2010, the Aral Sea «... one of the most serious environmental disasters in the world» «collective responsibility of the whole world, not only the countries of Central Asia» H.E. Ban Ki-moon, UN Secretary General
Establishment of the IFAS The IFAS was established in 1993 for the purpose of consolidation of the efforts of the countries of the region and the international community on the reduction of the negative consequences of the Aral Sea disaster
From 2013 up to 2016 Uzbekistan is presiding in the IFAS
«Programs on providing assistance to the countries of the Aral Sea Basin» ( ASBP ) The implemented Programs ASBP-1 (1995-2001) ASBP-2 (2002-2010) The developed Programs ASBP-3 (2011-2015)
ASBP-3 The Executive Committee of the ASBP-3 was adopted by the Decision of the IFAS Board (December 10, 2010, Almaty). ASBP-3 provides implementation of more than 300 national and regional projects at the total sum over 8,5 billion dollars.
«Program of measures on eliminating the consequences of the drying up of the Aral Sea and averting the catastrophe of the ecological systems in the Aral Sea region» The Program was supported by H.E. Ban Kimoon, UN Secretary General, and circulated as an official document at the 68th session of the UN General Assembly in September 2013
Aral tragedy and measures of its overcoming, it should be noted that the solution of this problem is directly linked to the problems of equitable and reasonable use of water resources, especially transboundary rivers, the most careful approach to the conservation of fragile ecological and water balance in the region.
1992 - founded ICWC (Interstate Commission for Water Coordination)
Analysis of existing institutions of such type in the world confirms the uniqueness of this regional organization
During the reporting period, within the framework of IFAS and ICWC it has been adopted a number of regulations and agreements in which countries have expressed interest in joint use and protection of water resources. Statement by the heads of the water Departments of the Central Asian Republics (1991) Agreement "on cooperation in joint management and protection of transboundary water resources " (1992) Agreement on joint actions to address the problems of the Aral Sea and the Aral Sea region, environmental sanitation and socio- economic development of the Aral Sea region (1993) Nukus Declaration of the Central Asian countries and international organizations on issues of sustainable development of the Aral Sea Basin (1995 ) Agreement on the use of water and energy resources of the Syrdarya River Basin (1998) Dushanbe Declaration (2002) Joint Statement by the Heads of State IFAS (2009 ), etc.
«recognizing the community and unity of regional water resources, the Parties have the same rights to use and responsibility for ensuring their rational use and conservation» Almaty Agreement of 1992
«undertake not to permit in its territory acts that affect the interests of other parties and harm them, lead to a change in the agreed quantities of water consumption and pollution of water sources» Almaty Agreement of 1992
«interest in developing a mutually acceptable mechanism for integrated water resources use and environmental protection in Central Asia taking into account the interests of all states in the region"» Joint Statement of 2009 of the Heads of the IFAS founder states
Rational use of transboundary water resources in the region is a key factor in providing water, food, energy and environmental security of the region
Regime of operations of water reservoirs and Hydropower stations Irrigation mode Energy mode before 1992 after 1992
Toktogul dam
Operation regime of the Toktogul dam Inflow, км 3 Outflow, км 3 April - September October - March 31
Nurek dam
Operational regime of the Nurek dam Volume of the Nurek dam - 4,0 km 3 6,0 kм 3 On 1 April 10,0 km 3 On 1 September
Water demands Dynamics agriculture downstream country energy upstream country Yan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May June Jule Aug. Sep. Okt. Nov. Dec.
Availability of natural fuel sources (oil and gas) downstream country upstream country Export Self-saficiency Import Kazakhstan Turkmenistan Uzbekistan Kirgizstan Tajikistan
Generation of Electric power Per capita, KWt/hour 4250 1650 2950 2900 2250 Total generation, Billion KWt 72 49 15 17 18 Kazakhstan Uzbekistan Turkmenistan Kirgizstan Tajikistan
Basis for cooperative water resources management Common character of water resources of transboundary rivers Increasing water deficit Current ecological challenges, including climate change Available regional institutional and legal framework for water resources management
«interest in developing a mutually acceptable mechanism for integrated water resources use and environmental protection in Central Asia taking into account the interests of all states in the region"» Joint Statement of 2009 of the Heads of the IFAS founder states
With hope for the future
Thank you for your attention