ELEPHANT around the world

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3 ELEPHANT around the world As a leading manufacturer of Wire Rope in the World, KISWIRE provides a complete range of products in the respect of size and construction, and also produces only high quality products of high quality steel in several of its own factories. Our equipment constantly renewed and improved, makes it possible for us to satisfy the needs of the most demanding customers.

4 C O N T E N T S GENERAL INFORMATION ON WIRE ROPE FOR SELECTION IN USAGE 1. Diameter Construction and Designation Type of Lay Lubrication Wire Rope Cores Zinc coated Wire Rope Preformed Wire Rope Grades of Wire Rope Safety Factors Recommendation of Wire Rope Handling and Care of Wire Rope 13 HOW TO ORDER SPECIFICATIONS OF STEEL WIRE ROPE 1. 6 x 7 + FC x 19 + FC x 19 +IWRC x 24 + FC x 37 + FC x 37 + IWRC x S(19),W(19),FI(25),WS(26) + FC x S(19),FI(25),WS(26) + IWRC x FI(29),WS(31),(36),(41),SES(37) + FC x FI(29),WS(31),(36),(41)SES(37) + IWRC 25

5 GENERAL INFOMATION ON WIRE ROPE for SELECTION & USAGE 1.DIAMETER The diameter of rope is the diameter of its circumference, circumscribed to its normal section. This diameter is given in millimeters. 1) PRACTICAL DIAMETER OF WIRE ROPE The practical diameter of a rope is measured by following an established method, its value must be equal to the value of the nominal diameter (the dimension by which a rope is identified) except for certain allowed tolerances. 2) HOW TO DETERMINE THE PRACTICAL DIAMETER Measurements are taken at two points at least one meter apart and two diameters are measured at 90 one from the other. The average of the four values thus obtained is the practical diameter. Usually the practical diameter is taken from a sample of straight rope not subjected to traction. In special cases when the tolerance is less than 5% of the minimum guaranteed breaking strength. The correct diameter is the greatest diameter of the rope or strand. correct wrong 2. CONSTRUCTION AND DESIGNATION The strand is the simplest construction: it consists of one or more layers of superimposed wires laid spirally around one or more central wires or around a fibre core. The construction of the strand is identified by the number of wires in the individual layers, starting from the outer one(e.g or 15+9+FC). FC indicates a fibre core. Distinction is made between strands with cross laid and equal laid wires. 1) STRANDS WITH CROSS LAID WIRES All the wires in this type of strand are of equal diameter and for geometrical reasons the number of wires decreases in each layer, starting from the outermost one, according to an arithmetical progression based on number ( or ). In cross laid constructions each layer of wire is laid up a separate operation with a different length of lay, the result being the crossing of the various layers of wires. Consequently strong pressure occurs between the wires which may break, especially with variable loads. 2) STRANDS WITH EQUAL LAID WIRES In these constructions the pitches of the various layers of wires are identical as stranding is carried out in a single operation; therefore, the contacts between wires are lindar. Seale, Warrington and Filler strands belong to this construction. Wires of different diameters are required for these constructions. As for example: Seale : Warrington : 6/ Filler : F Steel Wire Rope 05

6 SINGLE STRAND ROPES are commonly called strands. ROUND STRANDED ROPES consist of a number of strands either laid around a fibre core or metallic strand or an independent wire rope core. They can be identified by the number to each strand. A rope with 6 strands, each having 9+9+1wires laid around a central fibre core is designated as; 6 x ( ) + FC or more concisely 6 x 19 Seale + FC. If this same rope has an independent wire rope core, the designation will be: 6 x ( ) + IWRC. The IWRC is a metallic rope having for example a construction designated by 7 x (6 + 1) or 7 x 7. Should the strands also contain a fibre core then the rope will be known for example as 6 x (12 + FC) + FC or 6 x FC. Lastly if the rope is formed of two or more layers of strands superimposed around a FC, then it will be known as: 12 x (6 + 1) + 6 x (6 + 1) + FC or 18 x 7 + FC. 3. TYPE OF LAY As already stated, round stranded ropes have both the strands and the wires in the strands laid helically. Should the lay of the outer wires in the strands be in the same direction or in the opposite direction to that of the strands in the rope, the result will be respectively a Lang s Lay rope or an Ordinary ( Regular) Lay rope, having a Right Hand Lay or Left Hand Lay according to the lay of the strands. Right Hand and Left Hand lays are designated respectively Z and S. Ordinary Lay ropes are less likely to kink and untwist, and their Ordinary Lay ropes are less subject to failure from crushing and distortion. Because the longer length of exposed outer wires presents greater wearing surface, Long s Lay ropes have increased resistance to abrasion. Greater care must be exercised when handling Lang s Lay ropes, as they are more likely to kink and untwist than Ordinary Lay ropes. Ordinary Lay ropes are generally used because of their greater stability; however Lang s Lay ropes are preferred for guided loads such as passenger and freight elevators because the wires have a longer contact with the sheave grooves and consequently less wear. Given equal construction and diameter, Lang s Lay ropes are more flexible than the Ordinary Lay type. The wire ropes we manufacture are performed according to special methods which give them stability and eliminate internal stresses. Right Hand Regular Lay Rope Left Hand Regular Lay Rope Right Hand Lang s Lay Rope Left Hand Lang s Lay Rope 4. LUBRICATION Wire ropes are lubricated as a protection against oxidization and to reduce friction between wires and strands. Fiber cores are impregnated for preservation purposes. During the stranding and roping operations, all wires forming the strand and all strands forming the rope are lubricated. The type of lubrication varies according to the application for the rope and the type of plant for which it is intended. During the working life of the rope, lubrication should be carried out periodically with good quality products compatible with those used during manufacture and which we shall be pleased to indicate upon request. Lubricants used during manufacture shall be free from solvents, moisture, aromatic compounds, alkaline soaps and acidity both organic and inorganic. For protection of wire ropes against corrosion and frictional wear, Elephant Wire Ropes have various kinds of lubrications as below. 06 Steel Wire Rope

7 LUBRICATION Type of Lubrication Lubrication Method Suitable on wire rope Appearance (Type of Grease) Note No-Lube No Lubrication Galv Strand Galv W/R Stainless A/C No Grease Dry Closing Stranding Core No Lubrication Min. possible application \Very tight wipe as possible Little heavier than on strand. Loose wipe Galv. A/C Brake Strand Galv. W/R Transparent (Dry) A rust inhibiting oil is used to prevent corrosion during transit and storage. Non-tacky to hand touch. A - 1 Closing Stranding Core No Lubrication Min. possible application tight wipe as possible Little heavier than on strand. Galv. Strand Galv. W/R Yellowish -Brown (Petro-Chem grease) For general application of Galvanized Wire Rope. A - 2 A - 3 Closing Stranding Core Closing Stranding Core No Lubrication Light application by dropping method. Internal lubrication is accomplished. Loose wipe Heavier than on Strand No wipe No Lubrication Applied during stranding by dropping method and the strand is lubricated again by running it through a bath of lubricant Heavy application. No wipe Galv. Strand Galv. W/R Stainless A/C Galv./Ungalv. Wire Rope Yellowish -Brown (Petro-Chem grease) Yellowish -Brown (Petro-Chem grease) For general application of Galvanized Wire Rope. Slightly oily to the touch. For general application of Ungalvanized Wire rope. Lightly tacky to hand touch. A - 4 Closing Stranding Applied during closing by droping method Applied during stranding by dropping method and the strand is lubricated again by running it through a bath of lubricant Galv./Ungalv. Wire Rope Yellowish -Brown (Petro-Chem grease) Wire rope valley is filled with lubrication. For special usage of wire rope against corrosion B Core Closing Stranding Heavy application No Lubrication Light application by dropping method. Internal lubrication is accomplished. Loose wipe Galv./Ungalv. Wire Rope Black (Asphaltum grease) For special usage and long term storage where maximum protection against corrosion C Core Closing Stranding Core Heavier than on Strand. Loose wipe No Lubrication Applied during stranding by dropping method and the strand is lubricated again by running it through a bath of lubricant Heavy application. No wipe Ungalv. Wire Rope Black (Asphaltum grease) Lubrication sets up to a medium hard consistancy. Ideal for oilfield, construction equipment and logging use. Lightly tacky to hand touch D Closing Stranding Heavy application No wipe after the bath application Applied during stranding by dropping method and the strand is lubricated again by running it through a bath of lubricant Ungalv. Wire Rope Black (Asphaltum grease) Wire rope valley is filled with lubrication. For special purpose lubrication of Ungalv. Wire rope where maximum protection against corrosion is desired. Core Heavy application. No wipe Non-Tacky C&D A special Non-Tacky grease is applied by the same method as in the above C and D type. Ungalv. Wire Rope Black (Solid Asphaltum grease) For special purpose lubrication to meet very hard consistancy under tropical climate. No wet. No drips. Dry to hand touch. Steel Wire Rope 07

8 5. WIRE ROPE CORES The core of a wire rope is the central member around which the main strands are laid. It s principal function is to support the strands, and maintain them in their proper position when loads are applied. The three types of cores commonly used in wire ropes are independent wire rope cores (IWRC), wire strand cores (WSC), and fiber cores (FC) of either natural or synthetic fiber. 1) Independent Wire Rope Cores (IWRC) This is a separate wire rope used as a core in the main wire rope. 2) Independent Wire Strand Core (IWSC) A single strand can be used as the core in a wire rope. The wire strand core may be of the same construction as the outer strands, or of defferent construction. A 6-strand rope with a wire strand core of a different construction from that of the main strands is called a 6-strand rope with WSC. If the core is of the same construction, the rope is ususlly called a 7-strand rope-for example, 7x7 or 7x19. Wire strand cores are limited to standing ropes, and small diameter running ropes. 3) Fiber Core (FC) These cores are fiber ropes, made from either natural fibers such as manila, sisal, jute, or cotton or synthetic fibers such as polypropylene or polyethylene. 6. ZINC-COATED WIRE ROPE Galvanized ropes have theire wires uniformly coated with zinc for protection against corrosion where ropes are exposed to the weather, to moisture, to salt water or to other corroding agents. Conventional galvanized ropes have lower strength than bright ropes(uncoated), and their use is usually limited to stationary installations such as guys, standing rigging, towing hawsers, mooring lines and the likes. For hosting equipment in locations where corrosive conditions are present, heavily lubricated bright ropes usually are preferred to galvanized ropes. The wires can be zinc-coated after the last drawing operation (galvanized) or before and then redrawn (drawn galvanized). 7. PREFORMED WIRE ROPE In a preformed wire rope, the individual wires in the strands, and strands composing the rope, are properly preshaped by preforming head before they are assembled into the finished rope. Preforming prevents the wire and strands from straightening, and leaves them relaxed in their normal positions in the rope. Preformed ropes have the following merits as compared with non-preformed ropes; 1) The flexibility is superior to non-preformed ropes, and during use wire ropes kink scarcely ever occurres. 2) Because preformed wire ropes have a great endurance to bending, a wire rope s life will be longer. 3) Broken wire ends do not protrude to injure workmen s hand, distort adjacent wires, or cause wear to sheaves and drums. 08 Steel Wire Rope

9 8. GRADES OF WIRE ROPE Elephant Brand Wire Ropes are manufactured in various Tensile Strength grades to meet the varied requirements of many applications. Each grade provides a different combination of tensile strength, toughness, and endurance to abrasion and bending Grades A BG B CG C SC Tensile Strength(kg/mm 2 ) * BG,CG,Grade : Galvanized B. C. grade. * SC Grade : Super C grade. 9. SAFETY FACTORS The safety factor is the ratio of the strength of the rope to the working load. Thus, a wire rope with a strength of 10,000 pounds and a total working load of 2,000 pounds would be operating a safety factor of five. It is not possible to estalbish a uniform safety factor each type of rope-using equipment, as this factor can safely vary with conditions on individual units of equipment. The proper safety factor depends not only on the loads applied, but also on the speed of operation, the type of fittings used for securing the rope ends, the acceleration and deceleration, the length of rope, the number, size and location of sheaves and drums, the factors causing abrasion and corrosion, the facilities for inspection, and the danger to life and property. The following talbe of minimum safety factors is submitted only as a guide. These have been established by experience as the minimum safety factors required for safety and economy on the average installation. Larger safety factors are desirable, as they represent greater safety and, in most cases, increase economy. Type of Service Safety Factor Miscellaneous Hoisting Equipment 5.0 Haulage Ropes 6.0 Overhead and Gantry Cranes 6.0 Jib and Pillar Cranes 6.0 Derricks 6.0 Small Electric and Air Hoists 7.0 Hot Ladle Cranes 8.0 Track Cables 3.2 Guys 3.5 Mine Shafts 8.0 for depths to 500ft. 7.0 for depthe ft. 6.0 for depths ft. 5.0 for depths ft. 4.0 for depths 3000ft. and more Steel Wire Rope 09

10 10. RECOMMENDATION OF WIRE ROPE We shall try and convey some of our know-how and experience which may serve as a guide, or rather as a way of thinking, in selecting the correct type of wire rope for a given application. It will be necessary to make an analysis of all operation conditions, including the design and construction of the installation etc. to find out which factors have the most adverse effect on the service life of the wire rope. We give some general recommendations and suggestions on the types of wire rope to be selected for various operation duties. Table of Recommendations Cranes 1. Tower Cranes, Travelling Cranes, Portal Cranes, Trolleys Hoisting ropes 6 WS(36) + FC or IWRC 8 WS(31) + IWRC, 8 WS(36) + IWRC Trolley lines 6 WS(36) + IWRC 2. Cranes with 1-part Ropes, Travelling Cranes (without clamshell) Derricks (running rigging) Hoisting ropes 6 WS(36) + IWRC 18 7 or S(19) or 19 S(19) Boom and topping line 6 FI(25) + IWRC 3. Slipway Ropes Winch ropes 6 FI(25) + IWRC 4. Electirc Hoists Electirc Hoists 6 WS(36) + FC or IWRC 18 7 or S(19) or 19 S(19) 5. Loading and Unloading Bridges, Clamshall Cranes Holding and closing lines 6 WS(36) + IWRC 8 FI(25) + IWRC, 8 WS(31) + IWRC 8 WS(36) + IWRC Boom hoist 6 WS(36) + IWRC 8 WS(31) + IWRC Trolley lines 6 FI(25) + IWRC 8 WS(31) + IWRC 6. Floation Derricks Main and top tackle ropes 6 WS(36) + FC or IWRC 8 WS(31) + IWRC Luffing 6 FI(25) + IWRC Runners 6 WS(36) + FC or IWRC Anchor ropes 6 FI(25) + FC or IWRC Mooring ropes 6 FI(25) + FC or IWRC Luffing stay-wires jib stay-wires 7 19, 7 37 Earth Moving Equipment 1. Draglines Hoisting rope 6 FI(25) + IWRC 6 WS(36) + IWRC Boom lines 6 FI(25) + IWRC Drag line 6 S(19) + IWRC 6 FI(25) + IWRC Pennants 6 FI(25) + IWRC 10 Steel Wire Rope

11 2. Clamshell Holding and closing line 6 WS(36) + IWRC 8 FI(25) + IWRC, 8 WS(31) + IWRC 8 WS(36) + IWRC Boom line 6 FI(25) + IWRC 3. Shovels Hoists 6 WS(36) + IWRC 8 WS(31) + IWRC Digging line 8 WS(31) + IWRC Crowd rope 8 WS(31) + IWRC Guy line and boom line 7 19, 6 FI(25) IWRC 4. Bulldozers 6 FI(25) + IWRC. 5. Dredges Bow line, stern line, side line 6 S(19) + FC or IWRC 6 FI(25) + FC or IWRC 8 S(19) + IWRC Ladder hoists 6 WS(36) + FC or IWRC 8 WS(31) + IWRC, 8 WS(36) + IWRC 8 WS(41) + IWRC Barge handling ropes 6 FI(25) + FC, 6 WS(36) + FC Runners, boom lines, swing lines 6 FI(25) + FC or IWRC 6 WS(36) + FC or IWRC Guy line 7 19, 7 37 Mooring ropes FC Hercules rope, Springlay rope Large mooring ropes FC Hercules rope Logging Industry Recommended types of rope 6 FI(25) + IWRC In case of early fatique 6 WS(31) + IWRC 6 S(19) + IWRC Shipping 1. Inland wessels Mooring ropes Hercules rope FC Towing ropes FC FC Anchor lines FC 6 WS(36)+1 FC Rigging 7 7, 7 19 Boom lines 6 FI(25) + FC Runners 6 FI(25) + FC, 6 WS(36) + FC 2. Ocean-going vessels Mooring ropes FC, FC 6 WS(36) + FC Towing ropes FC, FC 6 WS(36) + FC or IWRC Loading gear 6 WS(36) + FC or IWRC 8 WS(31) + IWRC Anchor lines FC Rigging 7 7, 7 19 Steel Wire Rope 11

12 3. Ocean-going tugs Towing ropes 6 WS(36) + FC or IWRC Mooring ropes FC (For automatic mooring installations) 6 WS (36) + FC 4. Fishing industry 6 WS(26) + FC 6 FI(25) + FC Oil Industry 1. Cable tool drilling lines 6 SL(19) + FC 2. Water well drilling lines 6 FI(25) + FC 3. Coring, sand, and swabbing lines FC 4. Casing lines 6 19 class + IWRC 5. Rotary drilling lines 6 S(19) + IWRC 6 WS(26) + IWRC 6. Winch lines 6 19 class + IWRC 6 WS(31) + IWRC FC 6 WS(31) + FC 7. Tong or jerk lines 6 37 class + FC 8. Cathead lines 6 37 class + FC or IWRC 9. Tubing and sucker rod lines 6 WS(26) + IWRC, 6 WS(31) + IWRC Pumping unit or horsehead lines 6 19 class + FC or IWRC 6 37 class + FC or IWRC 11. Mast raising(swing) lines 6 19 class + IWRC 6 37 class + IWRC Mining Industry 1. Shaft hoisting ropes Shallow vertical shafts 6 FI(25) + FC Deep vertical shafts 6 FI(25) + FC Inclined shaft ropes 6 S(19) + FC 2. Slope and inclined plane ropes 6 S(19) + FC FC 3. Shaft sinking and counterweight ropes General haulage ropes FC, 6 S(17) + FC 5. Mining machine ropes Head or pull and tail ropes 6 FI(29) + IWRC, 6 S FI(36) + IWRC 6 FI(25) + IWRC Head or pull ropes 6 37 class + IWRC 6. Slusher and scraper ropes 6 S(19) + IWRC, 3 S(19) 7. Tugger hoist ropes 6 S(19) + IWRC 8. Car puller, spotter, retarder ropes 6 FI(25) + IWRC, 6 S(19) + FC 9. Koepe or friction hoist ropes Tail or balance ropes Non-rotating 35 7(WA) Guide strand Lock-coil track strand 12 Steel Wire Rope

13 11. Handling and Care of Wire Ropes Ropes should be stored in a clean dry place under cover. Reels or coils should be kept off the ground and supported by timber. They should also be examined periodically and rope dressing renewed as required. 1) Unreeling and Uncoiling Reels should be mounted on jacks and care taken to see that the reel rotates as the rope unwinds. Timber should be applied as a lever to one of the flanges to act as a brake, keeping the rope tight and preventing the reel from overrunning. When the ropes are supplied in coils a turntalbe or swift should be employed and the free end pulled out with event tension as the swift, or turnatable revolve. Over-winding should be avoided at all times to obviate kinking. Coils may also be unwound by securing the free outside end of the rope and then rolling the coil along the ground; care being taken at all times to ensure that the coil is held firmly together, avoiding tight coils or kinks. METHOD OF UNCOILING SMALL COIL METHOD OF UNCOILING LARGE COILS CORRECT CORRECT INCORRECT INCORRECT CORRECT 2) Seizings It is important that before cutting ropes are properly seized with annealed mild steel wire or strand to avoid slack wires and possible rope distortion. Steel Wire Rope 13

14 How to Order Wire Ropes To avoid errors it is necessary, when asking for quotations or placing orders, that the required rope be accurately specified. The best procedure is to use the Specification given in a previous order confirmation or invoice. If the required rope has not been ordered before, please state the following data: 1. Construction and type of core : (ex IWRC) 2. Ungalvanized or galvanized : (ex. Galvanized) 3. Diameter or circumference : (ex. 25mm) 4. Direction and type of lay : (ex. Right-Hand Regular Lay) 5. Preformed or non-preformed. : (ex. Preformed) 6. Lubrication : (ex. A-3 type) 7. Tensile strength : (ex. 180 Kgs/mm 2 ) 8. Specification : (ex. BSS, API, DIN & etc.) 9. Packing : (ex. Coil, Wooden-drum etc.) 10. Usage : (ex. Fishing, Sky-line, Haul-back line & etc.) If parts of these data are not stated, the rope will be supplied in the nearest current type. It is therefore, recommended always to state the service for which the rope is intended. Clients who require our advice on improving the service life of ropes for and existing installation should furnish the following information: 1. the data of the ropes used so far (see above) and their performance in actual practice; 2. a reeving diagram including all data on sheaves and drums such as diameters, size of grooves, groove spacing, pitch of grooves on the drum, lifting height etc.; 3. intensity of service; 4. nominal and maximum loads; 5. number of layers of the rope on the drum with lifted load; 6. special conditions, such as corrosive atmosphere, high temperature exposure etc. On the basis of this data we will be albe to give expert advice on the type of repe to be used. 14 Steel Wire Rope

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16 For Mining Aerial Tramway. Stay. etc Construction : 6Strands 7Wires per Strand 1 Fiber Core FC Diameter of Rope(mm) 6 Minimum Breaking Load A & BG(165kg/mm 2 ) B & CG(180kg/mm 2 ) kn Tonnef kn Tonnef , Approx. Weight per meter(kg/m) Steel Wire Rope

17 For Crane, Hoist and General Engineering Purposes Construction : 6 Strands 19 Wires per Strand 1 Fiber Core FC Diameter of Rope(mm) Minimum Breaking Load A & BG(165kg/mm 2 ) B & CG(180kg/mm 2 ) C(200kg/mm 2 ) kn Tonnef kn Tonnef kn Tonnef Approx. Weight per meter(kg/m) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Steel Wire Rope 17

18 For Crane, Hoist and General Engineering Purposes Construction : 6 Strands 19 Wires per Strand Independent Wire Rope Core IWRC Diameter of Rope(mm) Minimum Breaking Load A & BG(165kg/mm 2 ) B & CG(180kg/mm 2 ) C(200kg/mm 2 ) kn Tonnef kn Tonnef kn Tonnef Approx. Weight per meter(kg/m) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Steel Wire Rope

19 For Marine and Engineering Purposes Construction : 6 Strands 24 Wires per Strand 7 Fiber Core FC Diameter of Rope(mm) Minimum Breaking Load A & BG(165kg/mm 2 ) B & CG(180kg/mm 2 ) kn Tonnef kn Tonnef Approx. Weight per meter(kg/m) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Steel Wire Rope 19

20 For Crane, Hoist and General Engineering Purposes Construction : 6 Strands 37 Wires per Strand 1 Fiber Core FC Diameter of Rope(mm) Minimum Breaking Load A & BG(165kg/mm 2 ) B & CG(180kg/mm 2 ) C(200kg/mm 2 ) kn Tonnef kn Tonnef kn Tonnef Approx. Weight per meter (kg/m) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Steel Wire Rope

21 For Crane, Hoist and General Engineering Purposes Construction : 6 Strands 37 Wires per Strand Independent Wire Rope Core IWRC Diameter of Rope(mm) Minimum Breaking Load A & BG(165kg/mm 2 ) B & CG(180kg/mm 2 ) C(200kg/mm 2 ) kn Tonnef kn Tonnef kn Tonnef Approx. Weight per meter(kg/m) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Steel Wire Rope 21

22 Construction : 6Strands 19, 25, 26 Wires per Strand 1 Fiber Core 6 S(19),W(19), FI(25), WS(26)+FC Diameter of Rope(mm) Minimum Breaking Load A & BG(165kg/mm 2 ) B & CG(180kg/mm 2 ) C(200kg/mm 2 ) SC(220kg/mm 2 ) kn Tonnef kn Tonnef kn Tonnef kn Tonnef Approx. Weight per meter(kg/m) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Steel Wire Rope

23 Construction : 6Strands 19, 25, 26 Wires per Strand Independent Wire Rope Core 6 S(19), FI(25), WS(26) + IWRC Diameter of Rope(mm) Minimum Breaking Load A & BG(165kg/mm 2 ) B & CG(180kg/mm 2 ) C(200kg/mm 2 ) SC(220kg/mm 2 ) kn Tonnef kn Tonnef kn Tonnef kn Tonnef Approx. Weight per meter(kg/m) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Steel Wire Rope 23

24 Construction : 6Strands 29, 31, 36, 41, 37 Wires per Strand 1 Fiber Core 6 FI(29), WS(31), (36), (41) SES(37)+FC Diameter of Rope(mm) Minimum Breaking Load A & BG(165kg/mm 2 ) B & CG(180kg/mm 2 ) C(200kg/mm 2 ) C(220kg/mm 2 ) kn Tonnef kn Tonnef kn Tonnef kn Tonnef Approx. Weight per meter (kg/m) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Steel Wire Rope

25 Construction : 6Strands 29, 31, 36, 41, 37 Wires per Strand Independent Wire Rope Core 6 7FI(29), WS(31), (36), (41), SES(37)+IWRC Diameter Minimum Breaking Load Approx. of A & BG(165kg/ ) B & CG(180kg/ ) C(200kg/ ) C(220kg/ ) Weight per Rope(mm) kn Tonnef kn Tonnef kn Tonnef kn Tonnef meter(kg/m) , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Steel Wire Rope 25

26 A Future That Is Open to the World Our gaze is always fixed upon the world Our hearts are open to the future With endless creativity and constant challenge We widen our horizons and bring the future near All the world is our workplace And the future is our biggest market

27 CAUTIONS WARNINGS KISWIRE shall not be liable under any circumstances for consequentional or incidental damages resulting from the use of their products relating to personal injury, property damage, labor, cost or loss of profits. KISWIRE agrees to replace any of its product proved to be defective in material WARNING : Any warranties, expressed or implied concerning the use of this product apply only to the nominalstrength of new, unused wire rope. All equipment using this product must be properly used and maintained. Wire rope must be properly stored, handled, used and maintained. Most importanly, wire rope must be regularly inspected during use. Damage, abuse or improper maintenance can cause rope failure. Wire rope removal criteria are based on the use of steel sheaves. If synthetic sheaves are used, consult the sheave equipment manufacturer.

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