Supap Saenphet, Worawut Thaworn and Kanokporn Saenphet. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand
|
|
|
- Emma McLaughlin
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 HISTOPATHOLOGY OF INTERNAL ORGANS OF FISH LIVING IN LIGNITE MINE HISTOPATHOLOGICAL ALTERATIONS OF THE GILLS, LIVER AND KIDNEYS IN ANABAS TESTUDINEUS (BLOCH) FISH LIVING IN AN UNUSED LIGNITE MINE, LI DISTRICT, LAMPHUN PROVINCE, THAILAND Supap Saenphet, Worawut Thaworn and Kanokporn Saenphet Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand Abstract. The acidity of mine water generally makes it toxic to most organisms. The gills, kidneys and livers of Anabas testudineus Bloch fish inhabiting the acidic water (ph 2-4) of an unused lignite mine in Li District, Lamphun Province, Thailand were examined and compared to those of farmed fish. Tissue abnormalities were found in all investigated organs. Deterioration and telangiectasia of gill filaments were found. Liver tissue revealed hemorrhages, blood congestion and necrotic cells with mononuclear cell infiltration. In addition, hypertrophy of the epithelial cells of the renal tubules with reduced lumens, aneurisms of the renal tubules, and contractions of the glomeruli in the Bowman s capsule were observed. These histopathological findings suggest the acidic water in this habitat causes severe damage to the internal organs of fish and consequently alter their physiological status. Since the water in this pond is utilized by local people, these findings highlight the need for adequate water treatment. INTRODUCTION The water reservoir at Ban Pu, Li District, Lamphun Province, Thailand is an abandoned lignite mine, whose water is highly acidic. However, surprisingly a population of climbing perch fish (Anabas testudineus) inhabit this water. Because of direct and continuous contact with the environment, fish gills, organs for respiratory gas exchange, osmoregulation, excretion of nitrogenous waste products and acid-base regulation, are directly affected by contaminants. Histopathological features of the liver, ovaries, skeletal system and skin of organisms exposed to one or more toxins have Correspondence: Dr Supap Saenphet, Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand. papom2345@yahoo.com; saenphet@ chiangmai.ac.th been used as biomarkers (Hinton et al, 1985). Fish diseases and pathologies have also been used as indicators of environmental stress (Matthiessen et al, 1993). Acid water resulting from mining activity is highly toxic to most aquatic life. In this case, the acidity is not only harmful to aquatic life but to the food chain (Cotter and Brigden, 2006). The ecological effects of aquatic pollutants are related to species distribution (Mosisch and Arthington, 2000). This study investigated the histological alterations caused by environmental contaminants in the gills, liver and kidneys of A. testudineus inhabiting unused acid mines at Ban Pu, Li District, Lamphun Province, Thailand. MATERIAL AND METHODS Adult Anabas testudineus fish (n = 10) were procured from an unused lignite mine Vol 40 No. 5 September
2 SOUTHEAST ASIAN J TROP MED PUBLIC HEALTH (ph 2-4) at Ban Pu, Li District, Lamphun Province, Thailand. The liver, gills and kidneys were sectioned 1-2 mm, in thickness and fixed in 10% formalin and processed according to standard paraffin procedures. Five micrometer thick paraffin sections were placed on glass slides and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. Approximately 2-4 paraffin sections of each fish were histologically analyzed under a light microscope. Histopathological changes in these tissues were recorded and compared with controls under the guidance of a pathologist. RESULTS The pathological changes in the gills of the fish from the unused lignite mine were observed. The most common gill changes were desquamation in secondary lamellae, lifting of the lamellar epithelium and telangiectasia (Fig 1b), but no gill abnormalities was observed in the gills of the control farmed fish (Fig 1a). The pathological changes in the liver tissue of a fish inhabiting the unused lignite mine are shown in fig. 2. Hemorrhage, blood congestion and necrotic cells were generally observed in the liver tissue. Mononuclear cell focal infiltration was observed (Fig 2b). There were no abnormalities found in the livers of the control fish (Fig 2a). The lesions in the kidneys of the fish exposed to acidic water in the unused lignite mine included degeneration of the epithelial cells of the renal tubules, degeneration of the glomeruli, hypertrophy of the epithelial cells of the renal tubules narrowing of the tubular lumen and glomerular contraction in the Bowman s capsule (Fig 3a). These were not observed in the kidneys of the farm fish (Fig 3b). DISCUSSION Study of the gills in the control fish showed a typical structural organization of the lamella. Fish exposed to acid water had several histological alterations, namely desquamation of lamellar epithelium, fusion of the lamellae and lamellar aneurisms. The gill abnormalities observed in this present study were similar to previous studies of low environmental ph on fish gill morphology, which showed separation of the epithelial layers of secondary gill lamellae, deformation of secondary lamellae and degeneration of chloride cells accompanied by hyperplasia of undifferentiated cells in the primary lamellae (Daye and Garside, 1976; Chevalier et al, 1985). Acidification of fresh water is usually associated with aluminum erosion from the substrate (Muniz and Leivestad, 1980). This metal has been reported to increase mucus secretion (Hendy and Eddy, 1989), which increases the blood-gas diffusion distance, resulting in a reduction in gas exchange (Ultsch and Gros, 1979). Heavy metal compounds associated with acidification have also been associated with a reduction of both carbonic anhydrase and Na + -K + ATPase activities in salmonids, even at a relatively high ph (ph 5.0) (Staurnes et al, 1983). The acid stress also interferes with Na + /H + exchange and Cl - /HCO3 - exchange, thus, inhibiting Na + and Cl - uptake (Saunders et al, 1983). Consequently, the fish dies of heart collapse because it cannot pump the more viscous blood due to sodium and chloride loss from the gills (Bulger et al, 2000). The lamellar fusions are defense mechanisms that reduce the branchial superficial area in contact with the external surroundings. These mechanisms also increase the diffusion barrier to the pollutant (Laurén and McDonald, 1985; Van Heerden et al, 2004). As in higher vertebrates, the kidneys of fish perform an important function relate to electrolyte and water balance and the maintenance of a stable internal environment. Following the exposure of fish to toxic agents, histological alterations have been 1122 Vol 40 No. 5 September 2009
3 HISTOPATHOLOGY OF INTERNAL ORGANS OF FISH LIVING IN LIGNITE MINE Fig 1 Photomicrograph of the gill of Anabas testudineus from farmed fish showing normal appearance of the gill lamellae (A) and of the Anabas testudineus at Ban Pu (B), showing desquamation of the epithelial lining and telangiectasia of the secondary lamellae ( ). Fig 2 Photomicrograph of the liver of Anabas testudineus collected from farmed fish (A) and Anabas testudineus from Ban Pu (B) showing hemorrhagic liver tissue ( ), blood congestion and necrotic cells ( ). Fig 3 Photomicrograph of the kidney of Anabas testudineus from farmed fish (A) and Anabas testudineus at Ban Pu (B) showing detached epithelial cells of renal tubules ( ) and glomerular contraction ( ) in the Bowman s capsule ( ). Vol 40 No. 5 September
4 SOUTHEAST ASIAN J TROP MED PUBLIC HEALTH found at the level of the tubular epithelium and glomeruli (Teh et al, 1997). Ortiz et al (2003) found kidneys of fish receive the largest proportion of post-branchial blood, and therefore renal lesions may be good indicators of environmental pollution. The lesions in the kidneys of A. testudineus exposed to acidic water in this study reveal the same patterns as previous studies. The kidney is a major site for toxic effects due to a wide variety of environmental pollutants (Foulkes and Hammond, 1975; Hook, 1980). Because of water reabsorption taking place in the distal tubules, relatively high concentrations of toxins may have an effect on renal cells. The renal contents may become acidified in some renal segments, which may provide an interaction with toxic substances. A higher level of H + ions also affects kidney function, such as glomerular filtration and tubular reabsorption. Renal tubular cells contain a variety of transport enzyme systems, such as carbonic anhydrase, Na + -K + ATPase, Na + / H + exchange and Cl - /HCO3 - exchange (Seldin and Giebisch, 1983). The acid water caused alterations of the liver parenchyma, such as vacuolization and necrosis. These alterations are often associated with a degenerative-necrotic condition (Myers et al, 1987). Several studies have shown a variety of changes in the liver of Oreochromis niloticus resulting from exposure to different toxic chemicals (Visoottiviseth et al, 1999; Figueiredo-Fernandes et al, 2006a, b). Several studies have reported that chronic accumulation of some heavy metals in fish livers causes hepatocyte lysis, cirrhosis and eventually death (Pourahamad and O Brien, 2000; Varanka et al, 2001). Some heavy metals accumulate in the food chain, causing long term health effects to aquatic life and eventually to humans (David, 2002; Cotter and Brigden, 2006). Since the water in this pond is utilized by local people, data from this study highlights the need for water treatment. In the present study pathological changes of the gills, kidneys and liver were associate acidic water. Fish gills, kidneys and livers may serve as biomarkers for toxicity due to low environmental ph. The pathological changes observed in the gills, kidneys and liver of Anabas testudineus fish in the present study were associated with water of extreme acidity (ph 2-4) resulting from mining activities. Complementary studies are needed for further evaluation of this problem. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The authers thank Ms Siwaporn Mulkruekum, Ms Natayanee Mapraserd, and Assoc Prof Dr Chitchol Pharalaksh for out standing field works. This work was supported by Graduate school, Chiang Mai University. REFERENCES Bulgur AJ, Cosby BJ, Webb JR. Current, reconstructed past, and projected future status of brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) streams in Virginia. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 2000; 57: Chevalier G, Gauthier L, Moreau G. Histopathological and electron microscopic studies of gills of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis, from acidified lakes. Can J Zool 1985; 63: Cotter J, Brigden K. Acid mine drainage: the case of the Lafayette mine, Rapu Rapu (Philippines). GRL-TN 2006: 1-4. Daye PG, Garside ET. Histopathologic changes in surficial tissues of brook trout, Salvelinus fontinalis (Mitchill), exposed to acute and chronic level of ph. Can J Zool 1976; 54: David CP. Heavy metal concentrations in marine sediments impacted by a mine-tailing spill, Marinduque Island, Philippines. Environ Geol 2002; 42: Figueiredo-Fernandes A, Fontaínhas-Fernandes A, Monteiro RAF, Reis-Henriques MA 1124 Vol 40 No. 5 September 2009
5 HISTOPATHOLOGY OF INTERNAL ORGANS OF FISH LIVING IN LIGNITE MINE Rocha E. Effects of the fungicide mancozeb in the liver structure of Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus - Assessment and quantification of induced cytological changes using qualitative histopathology and the stereological point-sampled intercept method. Bull Environ Contam Toxicol 2006a; 76: Figueiredo-Fernandes A, Fontaínhas-Fernandes A, Peixoto F, Rocha E, Reis-Henriques MA. Effect of paraquat on oxidative stress enzymes in tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus, at two levels of temperature. Pest Biochem Physiol. 2006b; 85: Foulkes EC, Hammond PB. Toxicology of the kidney. In: Casarett LJ, Dull J, eds. Toxicology: The basic science of poisons. New York: MacMillan, 1975: Hendy RD, Eddy FB. Surface absorption of aluminum by gill tissue and body mucus of a rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri, at the onset of episodic exposure. J Fish Biol 1989; 34: Hook JB. Toxic responses of the kidney. In: Casarett and Dull s toxicology. The basic science of the poisons. Dull J, Klaassen CD, Amdur MO, eds. New York: MacMillan, 1980: Hinton DE, Bauman PC, Gardner GR. Histophatological biomarkers. In: Rand GM, Petrocelli SR, eds. Fundamentals of aquatic toxicology. Methods and applications. New York: Hemisphere Publishing Corporation, 1985: Laurén DJ, McDonald DG. Effects of copper on bronchial ionoregulation in the rainbow trout, Salmo gairdneri Richardson: modulation by water hardness and ph. J Comp Physiol 1985; 155 B: Matthiessen P, Thain JE, Law RJ, Fileman TW. Attempts to assess the environmental hazard posed by complex mixtures of organic chemicals in UK estuaries. Marine Pollut Bull 1993; 26: Mosisch TD, Arthington AH. Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon residues in the sediment of a dune lake as a result of power boating. Lakes Reservoirs 2000; Muniz IP, Leivestad H. Acidifcation-effects on freshwater fish. In: Drabloes D, Tollen A, eds. Ecological impact of acid precipitation. Sandeford, Norway: AS-NHL, 1980: Myers MS, Rhodes LD, McCain BB, Pathologic anatomy and patterns of occurrence of hepatic neoplasms, putative preneoplastic lesions, and other iodiopathic hepatic conditions in English sole (Parophrys vetulus) from Puget Sound, Washington. J Natl Cance Inst. 1987; 78: Ortiz JB, de Canales MLG, Sarasquete C. Histopathological changes induced by lindane (gamma-hch) in various organs of fishes. Sci Mar 2003; 67: Pourahamad J, O Brien PJ. A comparison of hepatocyte cytotoxic mechanisms for Cu 2+, and Cd 2+. Toxicology 2000; 143: Saunders RL, Handerson EB, Harmon PR, Johnson CE, Eales JB. Effects of low environment ph on smolting of Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar). Can J Fish Aquat Sci 1983; 40: Seldin DW, Geisch G. The kidney. Physiology and pathophysiology. Vols 1 and 2. New York: Rowen Press, Staurnes M, Sigholt T, Reite OB. Reduced carbonic anhydrase and Na-K-ATPsae activities in gills of salmonidd (Salmo salar) exposed to aluminum-contaminating acid water. Experimentia 1983; 40: Teh SJ, Adams SM, Hinton DE. Histopathological biomarkers in feral freshwater fish populations exposed to different types of contaminant stress. Aquat Toxicol 1997; 37: Ultsch GR, Gros G. Mucus as a diffusion barrier to oxygen:possible role in O 2 uptake at low ph in carp (Cyprinus caprio) gills. Comp Biochem Physiol 1979; 62A: Van Heerden D, Vosloo A, Nikinmaa M. Effects of short-term copper exposure on gill structure, methallothionein and hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1 ) levels in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquat Toxicol 2004; 69: Vol 40 No. 5 September
6 SOUTHEAST ASIAN J TROP MED PUBLIC HEALTH Varanka Z, Rojik I, Varanka I, Nemcsók J, Ábrahám M. Biochemical and morphological changes in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) liver following exposure to copper sulfate and tannic acid. Comp Biochem Physiol 2001; 128 C: Visoottiviseth P, Thamamaruitkun T, Sahaphong S, Riengrojpitak S, Kruatrachue M. Histopathological effects of triphenyltin hydroxide on liver, kidney and gill of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis nilotica). Appl Organometal Chem 1999; 13: Vol 40 No. 5 September 2009
The use of quick lime to reduce cadmium toxicity in the common carp Cyprinus carpio L.
Shahbaa_khalil@yahoo.com / 7 / 1 (16) 16-13-10-7. (P< 0.05) 16. 7 The use of quick lime to reduce cadmium toxicity in the common carp Cyprinus carpio L. Abstract S. K. I. Al-Taee Department of Pathology
BACTERIAL CAUSES OF FIN ROT IN SOME FRESH WATER FISHES.
BACTERIAL CAUSES OF FIN ROT IN SOME FRESH WATER FISHES. Enany,, M. E., El Sayed,, M. E., Diab.. A. S., Hassan,, S. M., and El Gamal,, R.M.** *Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Vet. Medicine, Suez
PROTEC GILL. The fine art of gill protection
The fine art of gill protection PROTEC GILL Protec Gill - designed to support gill health and recovery during disease, environmental and treatment challenges. GILLS AN IMPORTANT MULTI-FUNCTIONING ORGAN
Gill Damage in Clarias Gariepinus Exposed to Cypermethrin
Gill Damage in Clarias Gariepinus Exposed to Cypermethrin Abstract Obiezue Rose *Ikele Bright Chika and Okoye, Ikem Chris Department of Zoology and Environmental Biology, University of Nigeria Nsukka Cypermethrin
Zhang Xuezhen Ph.D. Curriculum Vitae. Zhang Xuezhen Ph.D
Curriculum Vitae Zhang Xuezhen Ph.D Family Name: Zhang Given Name: Xuezhen Date of Birth: Sep.4, 1974 Place of Birth: Linyi, China Citizenship: Chinese Working telephone: +86-27-87282113 Working Fax: +86-27-87282114
Toxicological effects of glyphosate on histopathological parameters of fresh water fish, Cirrhinus mrigala
2017; 3(7): 873-877 ISSN Print: 2394-7500 ISSN Online: 2394-5869 Impact Factor: 5.2 IJAR 2017; 3(7): 873-877 www.allresearchjournal.com Received: 15-05-2017 Accepted: 16-06-2017 K Pechiammal Assistant
Minerals can be potentially toxic depending
Pakistan J. Zool., vol. 37(4), pp. 297-300, 2005. Histopathological Changes in the Liver of a Farmed Cyprinid Fish, Cyprinus carpio, Following Exposure to Nitrate FURHAN IQBAL *, IRFAN ZIA QURESHI AND
Gill pathology of juvenile carps in nursery ponds
Bangladesh}. Fish. Res., 2 (1 ), 1998 : 63-67 Gill pathology of juvenile carps in nursery ponds G.U. Ahmed, M.M. Haque and M.j. Hoque Faculty of Fisheries, Bangladesh Agricultural University Mymensing
EFFECTS OF SHORT TERM EXPOSURE TO THERAPEUTIC LEVELS OF FORlMALIN ON HEALTH STATUS OF NILE TILAPIA, OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS
J. Natn.Sci.Foundation Sri Lanka 2005 33(4): 239-245 EFFECTS OF SHORT TERM EXPOSURE TO THERAPEUTIC LEVELS OF FORlMALIN ON HEALTH STATUS OF NILE TILAPIA, OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS H. A. C. C. PERERA and A.
REVISION: GASEOUS EXCHANGE & EXCRETION 11 SEPTEMBER 2013
REVISION: GASEOUS EXCHANGE & EXCRETION 11 SEPTEMBER 2013 Lesson Description In this lesson we: Revise gaseous exchange in different animals and examine the structure of the kidney Key Concepts Important
MORPHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION ON GILLS AND LIVER OF FRESHWATER FISH FROM DAM LAKE STUDEN KLADENETS
364 Bulgarian Journal of Agricultural Science, 16 (No 3) 2010, 364-368 Agricultural Academy MORPHOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION ON GILLS AND LIVER OF FRESHWATER FISH FROM DAM LAKE STUDEN KLADENETS I. VELCHEVA
INTRODUCTION.
INTRODUCTION Fish physiology is the scientific study of how the component parts of fish function together in the living fish. It can be contrasted with fish anatomy, which is the study of the form or morphology
IT has been shown by Pampapathi Rao (1958) that the fresh-water teleost,
361 Structural Changes in the Gills, Intestine, and Kidney of Etroplus maculatus (Teleostei) adapted to different Salinities By V. VIRABHADRACHARI (From the Department of Zoology, Sri Venkateswara University,
EFFECT OF AFLATOXIN-CONTAMINATED FEEDS IN NILE TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS L.
EFFECT OF AFLATOXIN-CONTAMINATED FEEDS IN NILE TILAPIA OREOCHROMIS NILOTICUS L. A. G. Cagauan, R. H. Tayaban and R. M. Bartolome College of Fisheries/Freshwater Aquaculture Center Central Luzon State University
Laboratory experimental infection of the freshwater snail Gyraulus convexiusculus (Hutton, 1849) and the bighead carp Aristichthys nobilis
Diseases in Asian Aquaculture VII Laboratory experimental infection of the freshwater snail Gyraulus convexiusculus (Hutton, 1849) and the bighead carp Aristichthys nobilis (Richardson, 1845) with the
International Journal of Science and Research (IJSR) ISSN (Online): Impact Factor (2012): 3.358
Histological Alterations of Gill, Liver and Kidney of Black-Chinned Tilapia Sarotherodon melanotheron Contaminated by Heavy Metals from Bietri Bay in Ebrie Lagoon, Cote d Ivoire Safiatou Coulibaly 1,2,
TREMATODE INFECTION RATES OF FISH FROM A WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACTORY POLISHING POND AND A CANAL IN PHUKET, THAILAND
TREMATODE INFECTION RATES OF FISH FROM A WASTEWATER TREATMENT FACTORY POLISHING POND AND A CANAL IN PHUKET, THAILAND D Krailas, T Janecharat, S Ukong,W Junhom, S Klamkhlai, N Notesiri and P Ratanathai
Heavy Metal Induced Histopathological Alterations in Selected Organs of the Cyprinus carpio L.(Common Carp)
Int. J. Environ. Res., 3(1):95-100, Winter 2009 ISSN: 1735-6865 Heavy Metal Induced Histopathological Alterations in Selected Organs of the Cyprinus carpio L.(Common Carp) Vinodhini, R. * and Narayanan,
SAFETY DATA SHEET. Section 1: Product and Company Identity
SAFETY DATA SHEET Section 1: Product and Company Identity Name: Gendex Process Chemistry - Developer Product Number: 1.0069274 & 0.8223045 (296-49,296-40) Product Use: Photographic Developer Manufacturer:
Effect of formalin treatment on saltwater tolerance in Caspian roach (Rutilus rutilus caspicus)
International Research Journal of Applied and Basic Sciences. Vol., 3 (5), 1027-1031, 2012 Available online at http:// www. irjabs.com ISSN 2251-838X 2012 Effect of formalin treatment on saltwater tolerance
Effects of acidic water in combination with aluminum on swimming behavior and survival of yolk-sac larval in Goldfish (Carassius auratus gibelio)
Taghizadeh et al. SpringerPlus 2013, 2:190 a SpringerOpen Journal RESEARCH Open Access Effects of acidic water in combination with aluminum on swimming behavior and survival of yolk-sac larval in Goldfish
Author of: The Six-Pack Diet Plan: The Secrets to Getting Lean Abs and a Rock-Hard Body Permanently
Interview with Rehan Jalali, President, Supplement Research Foundation Author of: The Six-Pack Diet Plan: The Secrets to Getting Lean Abs and a Rock-Hard Body Permanently Background Information: According
EPIZOTIC ULCERATIVE SYNDROME K.D.A. HUCHZERMEYER Sterkspruit Veterinary Clinic, Lydenburg South Africa B.C.W. van der Waal University of Venda
EPIZOTIC ULCERATIVE SYNDROME K.D.A. HUCHZERMEYER Sterkspruit Veterinary Clinic, Lydenburg South Africa B.C.W. van der Waal University of Venda Aphanomyces invadans Primary fish pathogen An invasive aquatic
1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/PREPARATION AND THE COMPANY/UNDERTAKING 2. COMPOSITION/INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS
Bayer Healthcare LLC Emergency Telephone Diabetes Care 1-800-424-9300 (Chemtrec) 555 White Plains Road. 5th Floor Technical Information Tarrytown. NY 10591; USA 1-800-348-8100 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE
Craig P. Seltenrich Pacific Gas & Electric Company 3400 Crow Canyon Road San Ramon, California Introduction
THE USE OF LONG-TERM CHRONIC BIOASSAYS AND BIOMONITORING IN EVALUATING THE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT OF A COPPER-BASED ALGAECIDE USED FOR CONTROLLING ALGAL GROWTHS IN A HYDROELECTRIC WATER CONVEYANCE SYSTEM
SCOTT* Gentle Lotion Skin Cleanser
SECTION 1. IDENTIFICATION Product name : Product code : 91721, 91211, 91556, 91751 Manufacturer or supplier's details Company name of supplier : Kimberly-Clark Corporation Address : 14 Holcomb Bridge Road,
(breed) Anadromous. wholly seawater
Maintenance of Constancy of the Internal Environment during Fish Migration Between Fresh and Seawater Group 4: Kuan Yi Xian, Jeeann Lee Tien Ming Lee Tze Chuen Lee Wan-Jean Lee Yee Tjin Migration Seasonal
Booklet translated by SREJ at CSDC 1
Name: Gr. : Booklet translated by SREJ at CSDC 1 This is the beginning of a new project about Aquaculture. Before we start, I would like to see what you already know about the subject. Write all the words
Pop Quiz. What produces mucus, HCl and pepsinogen in the stomach? List a water soluable vitamin What is a ruminant stomach?
Pop Quiz What produces mucus, HCl and pepsinogen in the stomach? List a water soluable vitamin What is a ruminant stomach? Respiratory System Review Cellular respiration: obtain glucose and oxygen, get
DOLPHIN DIESEL FUEL TREATMENT
Last Revision Date : 15.04.2018 Page No. : Page 1 of 6 1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product Details Product Name Dolphin Diesel Fuel Treatment Recommended Use : Automotive Maintenance Product
MIE KAMIYA Laboratory of Physiology, Ocean Research Institute, University of Tokyo, Nakano, Tokyo
Endocrinol. Japon. 1972, 19 (5), 489 `493 NOTE Hormonal Effect on Na-K-ATPase Activity in the Gill of Japanese Eel, Anguilla Japonica, with Special Reference to Seawater Adaptation MIE KAMIYA Laboratory
Name: SoluDent 30 Concentrate Developer Product Number: , Product Use: Photographic Developer
SAFETY DATA SHEET Section 1: Product and Company Identity Name: SoluDent 30 Concentrate Developer Product Number: 240-79,240-76 Product Use: Photographic Developer Distributed By: Henry Schein Telephone:
Copper Oxychloride Safety Data Sheet
Hummel Croton Inc. 10 Harmich Rd. South Plainfield, NJ 07080 www.hummelcroton.com Phone: 908-754-1800 Fax: 908-754-1815 In Case Of Emergency Call (U.S.) (800) 424-9300 (International) +1 (813) 248-0585
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET 1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product name : Nax Degreaser Intended use : surface Cleaning before painting Manufacture : Company name : NIPPON PAINT(India) CO.,LTD Address
Acidification Issues in Coastal Waters of the SAML Region: Responses of Organisms
Acidification Issues in Coastal Waters of the SAML Region: Responses of Organisms Louis E. Burnett Grice Marine Laboratory College of Charleston Diel cycling of hypoxia and hypercapnia Possum Point, Corsica
1. IDENTIFICATION. Additive for Automotive Refinish 2. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
SAFETY DATA SHEET 1. IDENTIFICATION PRODUCT(S): METAL FLAKE.008 and.015 Supplier In Australia: Concept Paints Address: 26-30 Charles Street, St Marys, Australia. 2760 Telephone Number: +61 2 96732555 Emergency
Gill Health in Finfish Aquaculture. Dr. Hamish Rodger
Gill Health in Finfish Aquaculture Dr. Hamish Rodger Gill Health in Finfish Aquaculture Outline Gill disease background Aetiologies of gill disease Pathologies Control & treatments Gill Health in Finfish
Plant Growth Regulator. Chemtura USA Corporation Chemtura Corporation (Worldwide HQ) 199 Benson Road Middlebury, CT USA
1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product name : Chemical name: Use of substance/preparation: Supplier: Emergency telephone number: Environmental, Health and Safety Department: Plant Growth Regulator
: Actimask Ibuprofen (Taste-Masked)
Date of issue: 10/03/2011 Revision date: 9/05/2016 Version: 2.0 SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking 1.1. Product identifier Chemical type Name Trade name SDS
Introduction. Case study 4 - Koi herpes virus. Major impact on commercial food carp production. History. KHV and other species
Introduction Case study 4 - Koi herpes virus Dr. David Huchzermeyer Sterkspruit Veterinary Clinic Lydenburg Koi Herpesvirus is a recently emerged viral disease of carp (Cyprinus carpio) in all of its varieties
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
SECTION 1: PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION PRODUCT NAME: Astringent Bolus SYNONYMS: PRODUCT CODES: MANUFACTURER: TBL, INC. DIVISION: ADDRESS: PO BOX 7176, Saint Joseph, MO 64507 EMERGENCY (CHEMTREC)
0800 POISON A
Safety Data Sheet Deltaphar 25EC Date of issue: 28 th May, 2014 1) Identification of Substance: Product name: Active Ingredient(s): ACVM Approval: EPA Approval: Distributed by: Emergency Number: Deltaphar
Tauseef Ullah, Tayyaba Sultana, Luqman Khan, Khurram Feroz, Qazi Adnan Ahmad and Sarfraz Hussain
2017; 5(2): 54-62 E-ISSN: 2320-7078 P-ISSN: 2349-6800 JEZS 2017; 5(2): 54-62 2017 JEZS Received: 10-01-2017 Accepted: 11-02-2017 Tauseef Ullah Tayyaba Sultana Luqman Khan (A). (B) Division of Neurogenetics,
Version 1.1 Revision Date Print Date Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking
1. Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking 1.1 Product identifier Trade name Substance name Molecular formula : : : (C35-H49-O29)n CAS-No. : 11138-66-2 EC-No. : 234-394-2
Safety Data Sheet Compound
1. IDENTIFICATION Product identifier: Trade Name: Coating Responsible Party: Radiac Abrasives, Inc. A Tyrolit Company 1015 S. College Avenue P.O. Box 1410 Salem, IL 62881 Phone Number: (800) 851-1095 Fax
Physiology of Respiration
Physiology of Respiration External Respiration = pulmonary ventilation breathing involves 2 processes: inspiration expiration Inspiration an active process involves contraction of diaphragm innervated
Safety Data Sheet MOROCCANOIL- CURL RE- ENERGIZING SPRAY
Section 1: INDENTIFICATION 1.0 GHS Product Identifier Product Name: 1.1 Use of the product: Personal hair care product 1.2 Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use 1.3 Supplier Details:
Trio Diamonds Gelling and Odour Control Sachets
Revision 3 Date 19 October 2011 SAFETY DATA SHEET Trio Diamonds Gelling and Odour Control Sachets This Safety Data Sheet contains information concerning the potential risks to those involved in handling,
: Aluminum Alloy Welding Stud
SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking 1.1. Product identifier Product name : Aluminum Alloy Welding Stud 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture
MATERIALS SAFETY DATA SHEET (MSDS) Concentrated Molasses Solids
Page No. Page 1 of 6 COMPANY DETAILS Name : NCP Alcohols Emergency telephone No.: +27 (31) 579 2004 Address : 121 Sea Cow lake Road, Durban, 4001, South Africa Telephone : +27 (31) 560 1111 Fax : +27 (31)
24 Hour Emergency Telephone: CANUTEC (613) Distributed by: Pestell Minerals & Ingredients, New Hamburg, ON N3A 2H1 Canada
MSDS - Citric Acid Issue Date: October 7, 2003 Section 1. Product Information Product Name: Citric Acid FCC/USP FN GR General or Generic ID: Organic Acid 24 Hour Emergency Telephone: CANUTEC (613) 996-6666
Gas Exchange Respiratory Systems
alveoli gills Gas Exchange Respiratory Systems elephant seals 2008-2009 Why do we need a respiratory system? respiration for respiration Need O 2 in for aerobic cellular respiration make ATP Need CO 2
Signal Word:Danger N/A
1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product Identifier Recommended use Distributed by: ELBOW GREASE Cleaner DyChem International 560 North 500 West Salt Lake City, UT 84116 (800) 453-4606 Emergency Contact
SAFETY DATA SHEET. Version 1 Revision Date 1/4/2018 Print Date 1/7/2016. Mold Platen Insulation
Version 1 Revision Date 1/4/2018 Print Date 1/7/2016 SECTION 1: IDENTIFICATION Product Name: Other/ Generic Names: MPI Mold Platen Insulation Manufacturer or supplier s details Company The Gund Company,
Safety Data Sheet 1921SYM
Safety Data Sheet 1921SYM 1 Material and Supplier Indentification Product Name: Description: Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions: Jazz Foaming Cleaner Degreaser Heavy Duty Cleaner/Degreaser
Ref IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE AND OF THE COMPANY/UNDERTAKING
This SDS adheres to the standards and regulatory requirements of Great Britain and may not meet the regulatory requirements in other countries. 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/MIXTURE AND OF THE COMPANY/UNDERTAKING
Safety Data Sheet. 1. Product and company identification. 2. Hazards identification. Date prepared : Jun 15, 2015
Safety Data Sheet 1. Product and company identification Date prepared : Jun 15, 2015 Product name : Grinding Wheel Product code : GF06BT500A Company identification Name of supplier : Disco Corporation
Date Printed: 2/17/2019 Product: M UPHOLSTERY/FABRIC CLEANER. Surface Preparation or Protection
Safety Data Sheet 1. Identification Product Information: Product Name: Recommended Use: Supplied by: M103-3001 UPHOLSTERY/FABRIC CLEANER Surface Preparation or Protection Mohawk Finishing Products Division
Creation Date: Revision Date: Page: 1 of 9
Creation Date: 20.07.1999 Revision Date: 11.08.2009 Page: 1 of 9 1. Identification of Products Product Name: Guardex True Blue Product Code: 20 35 587 010 Chemical Name: Copper Sulphate Mixture Other Names:
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
Issue Date: December 25, 2014 Revision Date: March 10, 2015 BOSTER BIOLOGICAL TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. 3942 B Valley Ave, Pleasanton, CA, 94566 Phone: 888-466-3604 Fax: 925-215-2184 Email: boster@bosterbio.com
: Ceramic Aluminum Oxide Nylox Brush
SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking 1.1. Product identifier Product name : Ceramic Aluminum Oxide Nylox Brush 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance
The Life History and Management of Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus)
The Life History and Management of Alewife (Alosa pseudoharengus) Abigail Franklin, University of Massachusetts, Amherst Department of Natural Resources Conservation The Biology and Management of Alewife
Fish Dissection. Background
Fish Dissection The Fish Dissection program at Hatfield Marine Science Center is a 50-minute hands-on program for 4th through 12th grade students. Students will work in small groups as they examine a variety
1050 Joshua Way Vista, CA (Customer Service)
Safety Data Sheet 1 Material and Supplier Indentification Product Name: Description: Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions: BlueSeal Trap liquid for No-Flush urinals Use only for the purpose
Safety Data Sheet. according to Regulation (EC) No 1907/2006 ARDEX GF 320
Page 1 of 5 SECTION 1: Identification of the substance/mixture and of the company/undertaking 1.1. Product identifier 1.2. Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against
Plant Growth Regulator Chemtura Canada Co./Cie 25 ERB STREET Elmira, Ontario N3B 3A3 Canada
1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product name : Chemical name: Use of substance/preparation: Supplier: Maleic Hydrazide, Potassium Salt Plant Growth Regulator Chemtura Canada Co./Cie 25 ERB STREET
Material Safety Data Sheet
PH: 901-761-0050 Page 1 Of 5 I. IDENTIFICATION Chemical Name: Not applicable, formulated mixture. Chemical Family: Herbicide Activator and Water Conditioner Formula: Not applicable, formulated mixture.
Blue Sapphire Pond Shade
Airmax Eco-Systems, Inc. 6135 King Road Marine City, MI 48039 Ph: 810-765-5720 Fax: 810-765-8600 www.airmaxeco.com MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET Blue Sapphire Pond Shade 1. CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
SCIENCE 8 RESPIRATION
SCIENCE 8 RESPIRATION WHEN WE BREATHE, WHAT DO WE BREATHE IN? O2, N2, CO2, O3, NO2 (gas fumes), CO, pollutant, fragrants, toxins, etc. WHAT IS THE PURPOSE OF BREATHING IN? WHAT DOES OUR BODY WANT? O2 WHY?
Safety Data Sheet MasterLife CI 30 also RHEOCRETE CNI Revision date : 2012/02/29 Page: 1/5
Revision date : 2012/02/29 Page: 1/5 1. Product and Company Identification Company BASF Canada Inc. 100 Milverton Drive Mississauga, ON L5R 4H1, CANADA 24 Hour Emergency Response Information CANUTEC (reverse
SECTION 1: Identification. SECTION 2: Hazards Identification. SECTION 3: Composition/Information On Ingredients. SECTION 4: First Aid Measures
Date of issue: 03/31/2015 Version: 1.0 SECTION 1: Identification 1.1. Product Identifier Product Form: Mixture Product Name: Product Code: 1206 1.2. Intended Use of the Product Use of the substance/mixture:.
SAFETY DATA SHEET. Great Lakes Orthodontics 200 Cooper Ave Tonawanda, NY CHEMTREC:
SAFETY DATA SHEET SECTION 1. INDENTIFICATION Great Lakes Orthodontics 200 Cooper Ave Tonawanda, NY 14150 716-871-1161 800-828-7626 CHEMTREC: 800-424-9300 Product Name: Crème Polish, Lustreshine Product
Version 1 Print Date Revision Date : fertiliser. : Central Safety & Environment Telephone:
1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE/PREPARATION AND OF THE COMPANY/UNDERTAKING Product information Trade name : Use of the Substance/Preparation : fertiliser Company : COMPO GmbH & Co. KG Gildenstraße 38
(a) (i) Describe how a large difference in oxygen concentration is maintained between a fish gill and the surrounding water.
1. Answers should be written in continuous prose. Credit will be given for biological accuracy, the organisation and presentation of information and the way in which an answer is expressed. Fick s law
8728 Utica Avenue Rancho Cucamonga, CA Telephone: 24 Hours: or Daytime: Fax:
1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product Name: Description: Suggested Use: Restrictions on Use: Descaler G Phosphoric Acid mixture Industrial Water Treatment Do not mix with other industrial chemicals.
During the 2750 wild and cultured young salmonids fish (Oncorhynchus nerka, O. tschawytscha, O. keta, O. kisutch) and trout (Salvelinus
uring 2000-2010 the 2750 wild and cultured young salmonids fish (Oncorhynchus nerka, O. tschawytscha, O. keta, O. kisutch) and trout (Salvelinus malma) from Kamchatka were examined by histological and
Notes Dermocystidium sp. in Scottish Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar: Evidence for impact on fish in marine fish farms
Bull. Eur. Ass. Fish Pathol., 21(5) 2001, 209 Notes Dermocystidium sp. in Scottish Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar: Evidence for impact on fish in marine fish farms Bruno, D.W. FRS Marine Laboratory, Victoria
ARNCO Accella Tire Fill Systems Safety Data Sheet
ARNCO Accella Tire Fill Systems Safety Data Sheet 1. Identification of Substance: Product Name: TyrFil RePneu, RePneu II, RePneu TV, RePneu OEM, Superflex, Superflex, TV, Hevi-Duty Catalyst Component Supplier
Question 1: Define vital capacity. What is its significance? Vital capacity is the maximum volume of air that can be exhaled after a maximum inspiration. It is about 3.5 4.5 litres in the human body. It
Warning. Safety Data Sheet Oil Solutions TM Step 2 05/09/14 Version 01. Section 1. Identification.
Section 1. Identification. 1.1 Product Identifier Product Name 1.2 Relevant Identified Users of the Substance and Uses Advised Against Relevant Uses Component for Step 1/Step 2 Oil Spill Cleanup Product
AP Biology. Gas Exchange Respiratory Systems. Gas exchange. Why do we need a respiratory system? Optimizing gas exchange. Gas exchange in many forms
alveoli Gas Exchange Respiratory Systems gills elephant seals 2008-2009 Why do we need a respiratory system? Need O 2 in food respiration for respiration for aerobic cellular respiration make ATP Need
Safety Data Sheet 1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION. Product name: Tris-HCl-SDS-2- Mercaptoethanol Product Number: 658
SDS- Tris-HCl-SDS-2-Mercaptoethanol Page 1 of 8 Safety Data Sheet 1121 5 th Street NW Washington, DC 20001 www.edvotek.com Version 2 Revision Date 11/27/2013 1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product
Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS)
1. Material and Company Identification Product Name Product Code Company Name Techno Chem Corporation Address 1-34 Shimo-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama 330-0844 Phone Number +81-48-795-8372 Emergency
1.2.7 Furunculosis. Emmett B. Shotts, Jr. College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia Athens, GA /
1.2.7 Furunculosis - 1 1.2.7 Furunculosis Emmett B. Shotts, Jr. College of Veterinary Medicine University of Georgia Athens, GA 30602 404/542-5811 emshotts@alltel.net A. Name of Disease and Etiological
MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
1. IDENTIFICATION CATALOG NO. Detector AP Chemiluminescent Blotting Kit 54-30-01, 54-30-02 Issue Date:21 March, 2006 Revision Date: 21 January, 2004 Reagents That Contain Hazardous Materials Catalog No.
0800 POISON A
Material Safety Data Sheet Bestseller 100EC Date of issue: 30 th May, 2009 1) Identification of Substance: Product name: Active Ingredient(s): ACVM Approval: ERMA Approval: Distributed by: Emergency Number:
Material Safety Data Sheet WPF
Page 1 of 6 1.- Identification of the preparation and of the company 1.1 - Name: 1.2 - Product Applications: Fluidification of the mass of the crude oil that contains paraffins and paraffins separator.
Commentary Transition in organ function during the evolution of air-breathing; insights from Arapaima gigas,
The Journal of Experimental Biology 207, 1433-1438 Published by The Company of Biologists 2004 doi:10.1242/jeb.00887 1433 Commentary Transition in organ function during the evolution of air-breathing;
BY PETER J. ROMBOUGH AND BRENDA M. MOROZ Zoology Department, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada R7A 6A9. Accepted 29 May 1990
J. exp. Biot. 154, 1-12 (1990) Printed in Great Britain The Company of Biologists Limited 1990 THE SCALING AND POTENTIAL IMPORTANCE OF CUTANEOUS AND BRANCHIAL SURFACES IN RESPIRATORY GAS EXCHANGE IN YOUNG
(ALL HOURS)
1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE MATERIAL AND SUPPLIER Product Name: Other name(s): Recommended use of the chemical and restrictions on use: DTPMP.Na7 Heptasodium salt of diethylene triamine penta(methylene phosphonic
LIQUID ICE CORPORATION
Page: 1 of 6 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE AND OF THE COMPANY 500C UNION WEST BLVD. MATTHEWS, NC 28104 USA Customer Service: (704) 882-3505 Revision Date: 07/16/2012 Trade Name: LIQUID ICE HP CAS
SAFETY DATA SHEET. CU-8120 Enzyme & bacteria digestive powder. None. (800) (800) Category 5 Category 3 Category 2B
SAFETY DATA SHEET 1. Identification Product Identifier Other means of identification Product code Recommended use Recommended restrictions Manufacturer information Company name Address Telephone Fax Emergency
SAFETY DATA SHEET. TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID...100% Page 1 Issued: 11/12/2002 Revision No: 1 Sent to: Downloaded from Website
TRIFLUOROACETIC ACID...100% Page 1 Issued: 11/12/2002 Revision No: 1 Sent to: Downloaded from Website 1. IDENTIFICATION OF THE SUBSTANCE / PREPARATION AND OF THE COMPANY / UNDERTAKING Product name: TRIFLUOROACETIC
RSID - Urine Lab Kit
RSID - Urine Lab Kit Safety Data Sheet R-0040-10, 0400-05 according to 29 CFR 1910.1200 Hazard Communication Date of issue: 06 15 2015 Supersedes 01 2014 SECTION 1: Product and company identification Product
REVISION: GASEOUS EXCHANGE 24 SEPTEMBER 2014 Lesson Description
REVISION: GASEOUS EXCHANGE 24 SEPTEMBER 2014 Lesson Description In this lesson, we revise: Gaseous Exchange in Plants & Animals Gaseous Exchange in Humans Excretion in Humans Focus on the Kidney Gaseous
Histopathological Alterations in Common Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) Gills Caused by Thiamethoxam
991 Vol.57, n.6: pp. 991-996, November-December 2014 http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-8913201402582 ISSN 1516-8913 Printed in Brazil BRAZILIAN ARCHIVES OF BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY A N I N T E R N A T I O
Copper (II) Oxide - Black
Revision date 08-04-2016 1.1 Product identifier Copper (II) Oxide - Black Section 1: Identification of the substance/ mixture and of the company/ undertaking. Product name Other names Copper (II) Oxide
alveoli Chapter 42. Gas Exchange elephant seals gills AP Biology
alveoli Chapter 42. Gas Exchange gills elephant seals Gas exchange O 2 & CO 2 exchange exchange between environment & cells provides O 2 for aerobic cellular respiration need moist membrane need high
Krytox PFPE/PTFE Greases with Soluble Additive
This SDS adheres to the standards and regulatory requirements of the United States and may not meet the regulatory requirements in other countries. SECTION 1. PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION Product
Date Printed: 1/5/2016 Product: B Surface Preparation or Protection. (703) (Collect calls are accepted)
Safety Data Sheet 1. Identification Product Information: B730-1365 Product Name: Recommended Use: WOOL-LUBE PT Surface Preparation or Protection Supplied by: Company Phone No: (800) 522-8266 Emergency