Table 1. Freshwater commercial fisheries bycatch issues examined in the literature (based on a literature search completed September 2009).

Transcription

1 Supplementary Material for Raby et al. Freshwater commercial bycatch: an understated conservation problem with the opportunity to learn from the marine realm Table 1. Freshwater commercial fisheries bycatch issues examined in the literature (based on a literature search completed September 2009). Location Target Species Fishing Gear North Carolina, USA Southern flounder (Paralichthys lethostigma) Alaska, USA Germany Missouri and Illinois, USA Tennessee, USA Tennessee, USA Sockeye salmon (Onchorynchus nerka) Pikeperch (Sander lucioperca) and Eurasian perch (Perca fluviatilis) N/A Paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) Shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) Hoop nets, fyke nets, and gill nets Bycatch Issue Juvenile Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus) bycatch in gill net fisheries may be inhibiting recovery of a local population Reduced reproductive success of sockeye escaping gill-nets with injuries Critically endangered Baltic sturgeon (Acipenser sturio) being caught incidentally in gillnet fisheries Six turtle species being caught incidentally in commercial trap fisheries (primarily) in the Mississipi River High rates of incidental catch of undersized paddlefish, with substantial immediate mortality Bycatch of endangered pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) Reference Armstrong and Hightower 2002 Baker and Schindler 2009 Gessner and Arndt 2006 Barko et al. Bettoli and Scholten 2006 Bettoli et al Georgia and South Carolina, USA Michigan, USA Missouri, USA American shad (Alosa sapidissima) Lake whitefish (Coregonus clupeaformis) Buffalo fish (Ictiobus spp.) and carps (e.g. Cyprinus carpio) and trap nets Hoop nets Incidental catch of Atlantic and shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrhynchus and A. Brevirostrum, respectively) in three rivers on the Atlantic coast, causing immediate mortality or injury in some cases Excessive levels of lake trout (Salvelinus namaycush) incidental catch High mortality of paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) incidentally caught Collins et al. Johnson et al. Dieterman et al Florida, USA Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) Incidental mortality of recreationally valuable black crappie (Pomoxis nigromaculatus) Missouri, USA Catfish spp. Hoop nets Eight turtle species caught incidentally Wisconsin, USA Lake whitefish Immediate and short-term (Coregonus mortality of lake trout discarded clupeaformis) from gill nets Dotson et al Fratto et al. 2008a Gallinat et al. 1997

2 Washington/Oregon, USA Washington, USA Florida, USA Pacific salmon (Onchorhynchus spp.) Chinook salmon (Onchorhynchus tschawytscha) Striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) and tangle nets Lost gill nets (a.k.a. ghost nets) causing mortality for hundreds of white sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) annually in the Columbia River Wild chinook salmon being caught incidentally and discarded in gill net fisheries for hatchery-origin chinook salmon Bycatch of recreationally valuable bluegill (Lepomis macrochirus), largemouth bass (Micropterus salmoides), and striped bass (Morone saxatilis) Florida, USA Catfish spp. Pound nets Numerous recreational fishes (mostly Centrarchidae) caught as bycatch in commercial net deployments Florida, USA Catfish spp. Hoop nets Numerous recreational fishes (mostly Centrarchidae) caught as bycatch in commercial net deployments Finland Finland Denmark New South Wales, Australia Tennessee/Kentucky, USA New South Wales, Australia Missouri, USA Pike-perch (Sander lucioperca) Vendace (Coregonus albula) European eel (Anguilla anguilla) Eels (Anguilla spp.), common carp (Cyprinus carpio), and yabbies (Cherax destructor) Trawl nets Trawl nets Fyke nets Eel and carp traps Immediate and short term mortality in discarded, undersized pike-perch Immediate and delayed mortality in discarded pikeperch, brown trout (Salmo trutta), and landlocked Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) caught incidentally Incidental capture and drowning of the endangered European otter (Lutra lutra), as well as bycatch of brown trout and Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) Primarily, incidental catch and drowning of short-necked turtles (Emydura macquarii) Paddlefish Delayed mortality in undersized paddlefish discarded into the wild Eel spp., common carp, and yabbies Numerous (mostly Centrarchidae) Eel and carp traps Fyke nets Florida, USA Catfish spp. Hoop nets, wire traps, pound nets Platypus (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) being caught incidental in commercial trap fisheries Bycatch of numerous turtle species Incidental capture of black crappie, largemouth bass, and Lepomis spp. Tennessee, USA Paddlefish Incidental catch of undersized paddlefish Kappenman and Parker 2007 Haegen et al. Hale et al. Hale et al Hale et al Hyvarinen et al Jurvelius et al Koed and Dieperink 1999 Lowry et al Bettoli et al Grant et al. Fratto et al. 2008b Renfro et al Scholten and Bettoli 2007

3 Finland Vendace Trawl nets High mortality in juvenile vendace escaping cod-ends of trawl nets Finland Bangladesh Vendace and large (>40cm) brown trout t Hilsa (Tenualosa ilisha) Trawl nets and longlines Mortality and physiological stress in discarded, undersized brown trout Entanglement and mortality of endangered Ganges River dolphin (Platanista gangetica gangetica) Poland Eurasian perch High rates of incidental catch and discarding of undersized perch Texas, USA Victoria state, Australia Gizzard shad (Dorosoma cepedianum) and threadfin shad (D. petenense) Cast nets Incidental catch of recreationally valuable fishes Eel spp. Fyke nets Bycatch of long-necked tortoises (Chelodina longicollis) and eastern water rats (Hydromys chrysogaster), in addition to four species of birds Finland Various spp. and trap nets Brazil Semaprochilodus spp. Seines and gill nets Ohio, USA Freshwater drums (Aplodinotus grunniens) Seine nets Discarding of undersized pikeperch Incidental catch and mortality of two freshwater dolphin species: the Amazon River dolphin (Inia geoffrensis) and the tucuxi (Sotalia fluviatilis) High rates of freshwater drum bycatch in commercial shore seines targeting white bass (Morone chrysops) Suuronen et al Turunen et al Mansur et al Psuty-Lipska et al Schorr et al Beumer et al Nyberg et al. Silva et al. Fritz and Johnson 1987 Referenced Cited (not included in Raby et al. BioScience main text) Barko, V. A., J. T. Briggler, and D. E. Ostendorf.. Passive fishing techniques: a cause of turtle mortality in the Mississippi River. The Journal of Wildlife Management 68:

4 Bettoli, P. W., J. Kerns, and G. D. Scholten Delayed mortality and movements of paddlefish release as bycatch. A final report submitted to Marie Maltese, Division of Scientific Authority, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Washington, D.C. 34 pp. Beumer, J. P., M. E. Burbury, and D. J. Harrington The capture of fauna other than fishes in eel and mesh nets. Australian Wildlife Research 8: Dieterman DJ., Baird MS, Galat DL Mortality of paddlefish in hoop nets in the lower Missouri River, Missouri. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 20: Dotson JR, Allen MS, Johnson WE, Benton J Impacts of commercial gill-net bycatch and recreational fishing on a Florida black crappie population. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 29: Fratto ZW, Barko VA, Scheibe JS. 2008b. Development and efficacy of a bycatch reduction device for Wisconsin-type fyke nets deployed in freshwater systems. Chelonian Conservation and Biology 7: Fritz KR, Johnson DL Survival of freshwater drums released from Lake Erie commercial shore seines. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 7: Gallinat MP, Ngu HH, Shively JD Short-term survival of lake trout release from commercial gill nets in Lake Superior. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 17: Grant TR, Lowry MB, Pease B, Walford TR, Graham K.. Reducing the by-catch of platypuses (Ornithorhynchus anatinus) in commercial and recreational fishing gear in New South Wales. Proceedings of the Linnean Society of New South Wales 125:

5 Haegen GEV, Ashbrook CE, Yi KW, Dixon JF.. Survival of spring chinook salmon captured and released in a selective commercial fishery using gill nets and tangle nets. Fisheries Research 68: Hale MM, Crumpton JE, Godwin WF Game fish by-catch in commercially fished hoop nets in the St. Johns River, Florida. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 35: Hale MM, Crumpton JE, Renfro DJ Catch composition of pound nets and their impact on game fish populations in the St. Johns River, Florida. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 37: Hale, M. M., R. J. Schuler Jr., and J. E. Crumpton.. The St. Johns River, Florida freshwater striped mullet gill net fishery: catch composition, status, and recommendations. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 50: Jurvelius J, Riikonen R, Marjomaki TJ, Lilja J Mortality of pike-perch (Stizostedion lucioperca), brown trout (Salmo trutta) and landlocked salmon (Salmo salar m. sebago) caught as by-catch in pelagic trawling in a Finnish lake. Fisheries Research 45: Kappenman KM, Parker BL Ghost nets in the Columbia River: methods for locating and removing derelict gill nets in a large river and an assessment of impact to white sturgeon. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 27: Nyberg P, Degerman E, Sers B.. Survival after catch in trap-nets, movements and growth of the pikeperch (Stizostedion lucioperca) in Lake Hjalmaren, central Sweden. Annales Zoologici Fennici 33: Renfro DJ, Hale MM, Crumpton JE Estimating annual game fish bycatch in commercial fishing devices from harvest data. Proceedings of the Annual Conference of the Southeast Association of Fish and Wildlife Agencies 43:

6 Schorr MS, Meador MR, Hill LG Incidental catch of sport fish in cast nets used to collect baitfish in Lake Texoma, Oklahoma-Texas. North American Journal of Fisheries Management 15: Turunen T, Kakela A, Hyvarinen H Trawling stress and mortality in undersized (<40cm) brown trout. Fisheries Research 19: