Implementation of the sub-regional plan of action for sharks in West Africa («PSRA-Requins») in 2005 and its implications

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1 Implementation of the sub-regional plan of action for sharks in West Africa («PSRA-Requins») in 2005 and its implications by Mika S. DIOP, Fishery biologist Regional coordinator Long term unsustainable activity Lets look for a desirable future

2 The situation Evolution of the shark and ray fisheries within the CSRP region Fishing effort Catches

3 The treatment! 1999 : Adoption of the International Plan of Action for Sharks (IPOA-Shark) proposed by the FAO : Elaboration of the sub-regional plan of action for the conservation and the management of shark populations (PSRA-Requins) :Implementation of the «PSRA-requins» in the countries of the CSRP (Commission Sous-Régionale des Pêches) : Mauritania, Senegal, Gambia, Cape Verde, Guinea-Bissau and Guinea-Conakry.

4 The aims of the «PSRA-Requins» MAIN OBJECTIVE The main objective of the «PSRA-Requins» is to contribute to the sustainable management of the elasmobranch resources and to the conservation of marine ecosystem. PARTICULAR ACTIONS : - Implementation of the «PSRA-Requins» within the CSRP countries - Elaboration of management tools - Elaboration of a pilot programme for the reconversion of fishermen involved in the shark targeted fisheries. - Valorization and dissemination of the expertise obtained through the experiments carried out in the frame of the plan

5 The «PSRA-Requins» and the PRCM Objectives of PSRA-Requins Conservation and management of shark populations Conservation and management of Costal Marine Zones (PRCM) Contribute Contribute Enforcement of habitat and species conservation Help to decision Conservation & management of «cultural species» and their habitats

6 RESULTS OBTAINED IN 2005 Presentation of a communication to the international symposium «Charting a Course of Action for the Future of Oceans» (Vancouver, February, 2005) on the experiment related to the ban of elasmobranch fisheries in the National Park of «Banc d Arguin» (PNBA). Collection of data on sawfishes and other associated elasmobranch species in Mauritania, Senegal, Gambia, Guinea-Bissau and Guinea-Conakry

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8 1 npm-mfm 1 Q, FIBA & PRCM. Muséum \, National d'histoire Naturelle en cohabilitation avec Institut national Agronomique Paris-Grignon et Université Paris VII Denis Diderot Contribution à la mise en œuvre du Plan Sous-Régional d'action pour la conservation et la gestion des populations de Requins en Afrique de l'ouest Master du Muséum national d'histoire Naturelle«Evolution, patrimoine naturel et société» Mémoire de deuxième année, Master recherche Parcours «Développement durable et gestion conservatoire» Statut et conservation des poissonsscies et autres chondrichtyens menacés en Afrique de l'ouest Année Universitaire Rapport de synthèse Missions du Il mars au 27 juin 2005 Guinée - Guinée Bissau - Mauritanie - Gambie - Sénégal Rédaction: Candice Yvon, Marine Robillard Coordination: Antoine Cadi et Mika Diop Spécialité«Environnement: milieux, techniques, sociétés» (EMTS) Etude des savoirs empiriques et intérêt culturel du poisson-scie en Afrique de l'ouest: Entre savoirs locaux et patrimoine Marine ROBILLARD Avec la participation de : F~ nf"", r",mhi:o -. ~~ Co-encadrement et le soutien de : Il ~: ~. L8A'., ;, 8fJ't_IQ(~~ ~njti:œ'-u.~ n.,a ihii'!o..... ~c... œ- u_w... Antoine CADI, Association Noé Conservation Marie-Christine CORMIER-SALEM, Directrice de l'ur Patrimoines Naturels, Territoires et Identi MNHN /!RD Bernard SERET, département systématique et évolut UMS 602 «taxonomie et collection»

9 Année Site of last observation 1995 Agadir 1992 Au large d Iwik 1991 Tidra 1989 Ouest de Tidra 1975 Tidra 1971 Twilit MAURITANIA

10 Année Site of last observation 1967 Albreda Brufut 1980 Gunjur 1984 Gunjur 1985 Kemoto 1985 Kartong 1989 Ghana town 1990 Kerawan 1994 Brufut GAMBIA

11 Année Site of last observation 1992 Cap Skiring 1990 Joal 1987 Mbodiene 1985 Katchek (Guinée-Conakry) 1985 Djogué 1984 Entré du Saloume 1983 Kafountine 1979 M Bour 1971 Joal 1963 M Bour 1960 M Bour 1957 Thiès 1955 Mbaning SENEGAL

12 Année 1981 Bianga 1982 Bianga 1982 Cantaya Site of last observation 1982 Canhabaque 1986 Bolama 1990 Cacine 1992 Poilão 1992 Formosa 1993 Nord de Caravela 1994 Entre João Vieira-Meneque et Bissane 1995 Ile de Maio 1997 Ile de Kayar 1997 Canhabaque 2000 Boté-Cacheu 2003 João Vieira 2003 Unhocomo 2004 Canal de Canhabaque 2004 João Vieira 2004 Nord de Formosa GUINEA-BISSAU

13 Année Site of last observation 2005 îles de Dar es salam, Sakama, Dobiré 2005 Cap Kin 2002 Alcatraz 2002 Katoukouma 1999? Katchek 1999 Katoufoura 1992 Cap Siking 1990 Guéméssansan 1990 Bongolon 1982 Koukoudé ~1985 Kérévané ~1985 Ile de Loos GUINEA

14 PROPOSAL TO INCLUDE THE SAWFISHES IN CITES APPENDIX 1 The populations of sawfishes are near extinction in West Africa. The sawfishes are now restricted to limited remote areas such as the Bissago Archipelago off Guinea-Bissau, and possibly in Sierra Leone. The last record is a specimen caught in Baloma (Bissago) in 2005; but they are no longer sawfishes recorded from most other countries. A proposal was prepared in 2004 to included the sawfishes in Appendix 1 of CITES, but the file could not be submitted on time to the CITES secretariat for the 13th Cop (Bangkok) because of slow administrative processes resulting from local lobbying made by an Asian country!

15 RESULTS OBTAINED IN 2005 An inventory of the shark landing sites in Mauritania, Senegal, Gambia, Guinea-Conakry and Sierra Leone. Elaboration of tools to sensitize the stakeholders of the shark fisheries : interviews and photographic documentaries on shark fisheries within the CSRP (Senegal, Gambia).

16 Etude de Caractérisation des Sites de Pêche spécialisés aux Requins dans les pays de la CSRP SHARK FISHERY STUDY: The Gambia Rapport d étude Etude de Caractérisation des Sites de Pêche spécialisés aux Requins dans les pays de la CSRP Caractérisation de la pêc h er ie d e r eq u in s en Gu in ée SHARK FISHERY STUDY: The Sierrea Leone ETUDE DE CARACTERISATION DES SITES DE PECHE DE LA COTE MARITIME SENEGALAISE SPECIALISES A LA PECHE DE RAIES ET REQUINS par Moustapha DEME, Economiste tapha_deme@hotmail.com Téléphone : et Adama MBAYE, Sociologue ambayeskr@hotmail.com Téléphone : Description des acteurs de la pêche aux Requins au Sénégal Analyse du développement de la pêche aux requins et répertoire commenté des acteurs concernés par l exploitation, la valorisation et la commercialisation des produits.

17 RESULTS OBTAINED IN 2005 Edition (in press) of a field identifcation guide of West African sharks and rays for the purpose of fishery biologists and observers (in French, English and Portuguese) Elaboration of data sheets to collect fishery statistics and biological data to be used within the CSRP countries.

18 RESULTS OBTAINED IN 2005 Implementation of the validation process of the national plans («PAN-Requins»). Financial support of research projects in 2005.

19 RESULTS OBTAINED IN 2005 Inventory and descriptions of the stakeholders of the shark fisheries in Senegal and Mauritania. Beginning of national studies on the evolution of the shark fisheries within the CSRP countries.

20 RESULTS OBTAINED IN 2005 Training workshop for the fishery biologists and observers of the CSRP countries, aiming to provide them guidelines, tools and methods used in species identification, biological studies (growth, reproduction, food habits) and collection of fishery data (held in Dakar, December 2005).

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24 Actions Edition of a field guide of the main West African shark and ray species (in French, English and Portuguese) Support given to the national structures for the training of their fishery observers and officers, in species identiofication and in methods used for biological studies Implications This guide i s designed to facilitate the identification of the main shark and ray species in the field or on bo ard of fishing vessels. The aim is to improv e the fishery data, and particularly to collect fishery statistics by species. As a result, management measures could be adequately defined by species. Data sheets for fishery statistics and for biological data were elaborated. They are already in use in most of the countries (Cape Verde, Gambia, Senegal, Sierra Leone). This system allows to improve the quality of the collected data. Statistics are available for the following countriesź: - Sierra LeoneŹ: from 1995 to Guinea-ConakryŹ: from 1995 to GambiaŹ:from 1984 to 2003Ź; - SenegalŹ: from 1990 to 2003Ź; - Cape VerdeŹ: from 1997 to MauritaniaŹ: from1997 to 2004

25 Evolution of shark landings in the SRFC region from 1984 to 2004 Evolution des dˇbarquements en Requins dans l'espace CSRP de Sˇnˇgal Guinˇe Gambie Cap Vert Sierra Lˇone Guinˇe-Bissau Mauritanie (PNBA) Total Sˇnˇgal Guinˇe Gambie Cap Vert ,36 Sierra Lˇone Guinˇe-Bissau Mauritanie (PNBA) Total Annˇe

26 Updating the studies by countries (biology & socio-economy) Collection of the empirical knowledge of the littoral communities on sharks and the evolution of their populations Shark fishery stakeholder awareness (project of a video documentary) Evidences that present shark fisheries are no longer profitable for the fishermen. These results will be used to convince the fishermen to shift to other fisheries to reduce the fishing pressure on sharks. These studies will be used to complete the sawfish CITES proposal. Furthermore, the West African students and technicians who participate to these studies in collaboration with western partners, have gained some experience in this field, reinforcing the capacity of the West African teams. The presentation of footages and photos at the PRCM forum to be held in December 2006, will allow to sensitize the stakeholders to the instability of these fisheries and on the nasty consequences of their collapse.

27 Implementation of a system to validate the PAN-Requins Elaboration of a regional synthesis integrating the SIAP studies carried out at the national level Support of the preparation of the CITES proposal concerning the sawfishes Inventory and description of the stakeholders of the shark fisheries in Senegal and Mauritania The official validation of the PAN-Requins allows the CSRP to ask the member-states to implement their PAN Validation of the data of previous projects The results of the field survey including interviews to collect empirical knowledge on sawfishes will be useful to complete the CITES proposal for the next session. Allows a better monitoring of the various activities of the shark fisheries

28 RECOMMENDATIONS The shark resources in West Africa are suffering of fullor over-exploitation: for their management, the precautionary approach should be immediately adopted (one should not wait until the risk is proved; otherwise, it might be too late!) Let s act without delay and let s develop research

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