Milking Practices Adopted in Individual and Community Milking System in Kolar, Karnataka

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1 0 NAAS Rating. Milking Practices Adopted in Individual and Community Milking System in Kolar, Karnataka S. Mohankumar, K. Satyanarayan, V. Jagadeeshwary and Manjunatha, l.. Assistant Professor,. Professor,. Associate Professor, Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, Veterinary College Hebbal Bengaluru.. Associate Professor Department of Veterinary and Animal Husbandry Extension, Veterinary College Hassan. Corresponding author ... ABSTRACT The present study is aimed at assessing the milking practices adopted under Individual Milking System (IMS) and Community Milking System (CMS) at environment level and equipment level. Three Individual Milking Cooperative Societies (IMCS) and three Community Milking Cooperative Societies (CMCS) each from Bangarpet and Kolar taluks of Kolar district were randomly selected. Ten farmers from each IMCS and a supervisor from each CMCS were randomly collected. The objective of the study was to assess milking practices adopted under individual and community milking system at environment level and equipment level. Results from the study found that, cent-per-cent of the respondents cleaned the milking utensils before milking whereas only. per cent of the respondents cleaned the milking cans soon after dispatching the milk and. per cent of farmers animal sheds were of stone floor in IMS at equipment and environment levels respectively. In case of CMS, cent of the respondents maintained stone as a floor material in the animal shed and used the stainless steel cans for milking at environment and equipment levels respectively. Dairy farmers should be encouraged to adopt some more scientific milking practices which are important to produce clean milk like practicing dry hand milking, wiping the udder of animal and wiping the hand of milker after washing with water among the farmers of IMS. Similarly in case of CMS dairy farmers should be encouraged to adopt practices like cleaning the teat cups after every milking and drying the udder after washing. Key words : Adopted, Community Milking System, Individual Milking System,. The hygienic practice during milking is the most important steps in clean milk production. Clean milk production results in milk that is safe for human consumption, free from disease producing microorganisms, holding high keeping quality, high commercial value and high quality base suitable for processing, resulting in high quality finished products. Milk needs to be protected from all possible sources of microbial contamination. Potential sources of contamination of milk are dung, water, utensils, soil, feed, air, milking equipment, animal and the milker. Contamination of milk can occur during storage and transport (Kanyeka, 0). Kolar-Chikkaballapura District Co-operative Milk Producers Union Ltd., (KOMUL) has installed Bulk Milk Coolers and Community Milking Machines on pilot basis at society level in the year to get the quality milk required for ultra high temperature processing packed at Kolar dairy. With this idea study was conducted to assess the milking practices adopted at environment and equipment levels in Individual Milking System (IMS) and Community Milking System (CMS). METHODOLOGY Exploratory research design was adopted to formulate the problem for more precise investigation and to develop working hypothesis from an operational point of view. The Kolar district of Karnataka was purposefully selected as it has got both individual milking system and community milking system. Three Individual Milking Cooperative Societies (IMCS) and three Community Milking Cooperative Societies (CMCS) each from Bangarpet and Kolar taluks of Kolar district were randomly selected. Ten respondents from each Individual Milking Society were randomly selected. Similarly a supervisor from each Community Milking Society was selected. Thus, 0 respondents from Individual Milking Society and respondents from Community Milking Society were selected. The interview schedule was developed in consultation with the subject matter specialists and data were collected on milking practices at environment and equipment levels from farmers of IMS and CMS were statistically analyzed. INDINGS AND DISCUSSION adopted in Individual Milking System (IMS) At environment level : rom the Table, it was noted that majority of the respondents (0) were of the age between 0-0 years. It was found that years was the average age of the respondents. More than one-third of them () belonged to the age group of above 0 years. Among them majority were retired couples managing farming activities with minimum support from their children who were otherwise engaged in either off-farm activities or employed in government/ private/gulf countries. Among the families of progressive farmers, even years old elders were found actively involved in farm activities. Only negligible per cent of younger generation was fully depending on farming as primary occupation.

2 Milking Practices Adopted in Individual and Community Milking System in Kolar, Karnataka Table adopted in IMS (At environmental level) 9 0 Milking place a. Inside the shed b. Outside the shed Cleaning of floor a. Disinfectant Type of floor in the shed b. Mud c. Mat (Rubber) Sprinkling of water on ground if mud floor Type of side wall of the shed b. Brick c. Thatch side wall Type of roof of the shed b. Concrete c. Thatch d. Asbestoses e. Tiles Separate place for milking Adequate drainage in shed Taking precautions to avoid flies and mosquitoes Preventing ways I. og II. Spray and pour on III. Just by keeping premises clean Avoid milking near the public road or public place Offering concentrates and fodder during milking Avoiding unnecessary people near cow during milking Type of water used for cleaning the shed Respondents =

3 More than fifty per cent of the respondents had an experience of above 0 years in farming. Less number of respondents had below 0 years of experience which indicated that majority of the senior citizens were engaged in farming activities and younger generation was found to be engaged in off-farm activities. Ploeg (0) reported that the family farm was the place where experience accumulated. Learning took place and knowledge was handed over, in a subtle but strong way, to the next generation. Analysis of the level of education among the respondents indicated that 0 per cent of them were A glance at Table revealed that, majority of the farmers (.) carried out milking inside the animal shed. Regarding cleaning of floor, majority of farmers (.) cleaned the floor with the use of disinfectants whereas, (.) cleaned shed with plain water. Perusal of Table indicated that,. per Table adopted in IMS (At equipment level) Respondents = 0 Cleaning the milking cans before milking c. Detergents Cleaning the milking cans after dispatching the milk d. Detergents e. Acids/sanitizers f. No Type of milk container a. Iron b. Plastic c. Stainless steel d. Aluminium Type of mouth of the milking container a. ull open mouth can b. Scientific milking can.. Type of water for cleaning equipments Using the milking can for some other purpose Purpose a. Storing water Placing the milking cans in an inverted position on a drying rack Closing the container soon after milking gets over a. b. Yes No

4 Milking Practices Adopted in Individual and Community Milking System in Kolar, Karnataka cent sheds were of stone floor, 0 per cent of sheds were made of mud floor and only. per cent used mat on the floor. About. per cent of the sheds had stone as the side wall, followed by side walls with thatches (.), with brick (.) and shed with no side wall (.). In the study area, farmers maintained thatch (.), asbestos (.), tiles (.), stones (.), and concrete (.) as the roof material in their animal sheds. The data observed from the study revealed that, majority of farmers (9.,. and.) did not offer concentrates during milking, milk the animals near public place and have separate place for milking respectively. With regard to drainage system in the shed, per cent of farmer s maintained adequate drainage in the shed. It could be attributed to the fact that, farmers of IMS were well aware of many aspects of the clean milking practices which influenced the hygienic quality of milk at environmental level. The findings were in agreement with the findings of Rathore et al. (), Kumar et al. (0), Vranda (0) and Sabapara et al. (0). At equipment level : It is evident from the Table that, cent per cent of the respondents cleaned the milking cans before milking and. per cent of the respondents cleaned the milking can soon after dispatching the milk. Close view of Table disclosed that,. per cent of farmers used the stainless steel milking cans and. per cent used plastic cans. Similarly. per cent of farmers used scientific (semi opened mouth) milking can and. per cent of farmers used the full open mouth can. Regarding placing of the milking can in an inverted position on a drying rack after washing the milking cans, per cent of farmers did not to the practice. The results indicated a positive trend towards clean milk production but still there is enormous scope in educating the dairy farmers in other practices like proper drying of milking can after washing so that bacterial load can be reduced in milking can. These findings are in consonance with the findings of Rathore et al. () and not in line with the findings of Worku et al. (0) who observed that majority (.) households used traditional dairy containers. adopted in Community Milking System (CMS) At environment level : The data shown in Table clearly indicated that, cent per cent of the societies of CMS carried out milking inside the animal shed, washed the animal shed with plain water, maintained adequate drainage inside the animal shed, avoided the fodder during milking and maintained stone as a floor material in the animal shed. Regarding side wall of animal shed of societies of CMS had stone and brick as Table adopted in CMS (At environmental level) Respondents = Milking place a. Inside the shed b. Outside the shed 0.0. Cleaning the floor before milking a. Ye s c. Disinfectant Cleaning the floor after every milking c. Disinfectant Type of floor in the shed b. Mud c. Mat (Rubber)

5 9 0 Type of side wall of the shed b. Brick c. Thatch side wall Type of roof of the shed b. Thatch c. Asbestos d. Tiles Adequate drainage in the shed Milking the animal near the public road or public place Avoiding the fodder and concentrates during milking 0.0 Type of water used for cleaning the shed 0.0. side wall in equal proportion (.) followed by side walls with thatch (.) and shed with no side wall (.) and in case of roof material of the animal shed the asbestos, stones and tiles were in equal proportion (.). On perusal Table revealed that,. per cent and. per cent of the personnel of CMC did not clean the floor after every milking and milked the animals near public road or public place. The findings of the study indicated that, the personnel involved in the CMS were aware of most of the clean milking practices and hence were adopting all the practices which were needed at environmental level. At equipment level : Close view of Table revealed that, all the personnel of community milking centres under the study cleaned the milking machines and milking cans even before milking process started and after milking process got over and also placed the milking cans in an inverted position on a drying rack after washing them. Similarly regarding the type of milk container, cent per cent of personnel of community milking centers used stainless steel, semi open mouth milking can (Scientific milking can) for milking but none of the personnel in all the community centres cleaned the teat cups after every milking. The results of the study indicated that, the personnel were aware and thus adopting almost all hygienic practices at equipment level but were ignorant regarding cleaning of teat cups after every milking, which also has greater impact on hygienic milk production, hence education has to be imparted in creating awareness regarding this practice among the respondents of CMS. CONCLUSION armers of IMS did not adopt some of the important practices like dry hand milking and washing hand with antiseptic solution before milking, wiping the udder of animal and wiping the hands of milker after washing with water. Similarly, in case of CMS none of the personnel adopted the practice of cleaning the teat cups after every milking, drying the udder after washing and very few adopted the fore stripping which would really decrease the bacterial load of milk, so that shelf life of milk can be extended and export of milk and milk products can be increased Dairy farmers should be encouraged and trained to adopt some more scientific milking practices which are important to produce clean milk like practicing dry hand milking, washing hand with antiseptic solution before milking, wiping the udder of animal and wiping the hands of milker after washing with water among the farmers of IMS. Similarly in case

6 Milking Practices Adopted in Individual and Community Milking System in Kolar, Karnataka Table adopted in CMS (At equipment level) Clean milking cans after milking process got over a. Plain water along with detergent Type of milk container a. Iron b. Stainless steel c. Plastic Type of mouth of the milking container a. Semi mouth opened (Scientific milking can) b. ull mouth opened milking container 0.0. Closing milk container soon after milking got over 0.0. Placing milking cans in an inverted position on a drying rack 0.0. Cleaning milking machine af ter milking process got over Type of water used for cleaning the equipments 0.0. Cleaning milking machines before milking process starts a. Plain water b. Disinfectant Cleaning teat cups after every milking Cleaning milking cans before milking process start a. b. c. 9 0 Respondents = Plain water Detergent Hot water

7 of CMS dairy farmers should be encouraged to adopt Paper received on : September, 0 practices like cleaning the teat cups after every milking, Accepted on : October, 0 drying the udder after washing and fore stripping. REERENCES Kanyeka, H. B., 0. Assessment of microbial quality of raw cow s milk and antimicrobial susceptibility of selected milk-borne bacteria in Kilosa and Mvomero districts, Tanzania. Master s thesis of science in public health and food, sokoine university of agriculture, Morogoro, Tanzania. Kumar, S., Aklank Jain. and Aroop Kumar Gupta, 0. Breeding, health care and milking management practices adopted by the dairy owners in Shahdol district of Madhya Pradesh, India. Int. Res. J. Biol. Sci., (0): -. Rathore, R. S., Rajbir Singh, Kachwaha, R. N. and Ravinder Kumar,. Existing management practices followed by the cattle keepers in Churu district of Rajasthan. Ind. J. Anim. Sci., 0(): 9 0. Sabapara, G. P., ulsoundar, A. B. and Kharadi, V. B., 0. Knowledge of dairy animal owners in improved dairy husbandry practices in Surat district of south Gujarat. Int. J. arm Sci., ():-. Vranda, R., 0. Buffalo rearing pattern - An exploratory study in Bidar district, Thesis submitted to the Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and isheries Sciences University. Worku, T., Edessa Negera, Ajebu Nurfeta and Haile Welearegay, 0. Milk handling practices and its challenges in Borona pastoral community, Ethiopia. Afr. J. Agric. Res., 9(): 9-99.