Part A Part B A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E A B C D E. Part B

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1 Part Part Part

2 Instrument omprehension irections - Part This practice test will help you interpret dial indications on the instrument panel of an aircraft. Six instrument dials commonly found on aircraft are used for this practice test. The ir Speed dial indicates air speed. It is read like a speedometer: ir Speed 350 m.p.h. 160 m.p.h. The Rate of limb dial indicates whether you are maintaining, gaining, or losing altitude. Remember, the aircraft may sometimes be in a climbing position and yet lose altitude. This will happen if the aircraft loses flying speed and drops while its nose is up: Rate of limb Maintaining ltitude Gaining ltitude Losing ltitude Rapidly Losing ltitude Gradually Gaining ltitude Rapidly The rtificial Horizon dial has two functions. First, it shows whether the aircraft is climbing, diving, or flying level. Second, it indicates the amount and direction of bank of the aircraft. The small aircraft in the centre of the dial is stationary. From your position in the cockpit it will always appear level. The straight lines across the face of the dial represent the horizon. Since these horizon lines are not stationary, they will change their position in relation to the small aircraft. If you are in a climbing position, the small aircraft will appear above the horizon lines, as in indicator (2) below. If you are in a diving position, the small aircraft will appear below the horizon lines as in indications (3) and (6) below. When you are banking, the horizon lines again change their position with reference to the small aircraft. The amount of that change is read on the numbers around the outside of the dial. If you are unbanked (wings level), the arrowhead will point to zero, as in indications (1), (2) and (3). Notice however; a left bank is indicated by the number of degrees to the right of zero, as in indication (4). Likewise, a right bank is indicated by the number of degrees to the left of zero, as in indications (5) and (6): (1) (2) (3) (4) (5) (6) LVL LIMING IVING LVL LVL IVING No bank No bank No bank 30 left bank 40 right bank 60 right bank

3 The Turn ank dial is a turn bank indicator. The lower point indicates the direction and extent of a turn: Turn ank (1) (2) (3) (4) Normal Right Sharp Right Turn Turn Flying Straight head Normal Left Turn certain amount of bank is necessary in a turn to keep the aircraft from skidding outwards. If the bank is too steep for the turn, the aircraft may slip in. The top pointer shows whether or not you are banked properly for a turn. If a turn is executed with the proper amount of bank, this top pointer will remain in the centre as in (5) below. If the amount of bank is too great for the turn, the pointer will move in the same direction as the aircraft is turning. Note indication (7). If there is not enough bank, the top pointer will move in the direction opposite to that in which the aircraft is turning, as in indicator (6). This top pointer also shows if one wing is low while flying straight ahead. If the left wing is low, the pointer turns left, and vice versa. Note indicator (8): Turn ank (5) (6) (7) (8) Sharp left turn Normal right with not enough turn with too left bank much right bank Sharp left turn with proper bank Flying straight with left wing low o not confuse this bank indicator with the artificial horizon. If a turn is executed with the proper bank, the top pointer will remain in the centre. The artificial horizon will always indicate the true bank of the aircraft. The ltimeter dial indicates the altitude of an aircraft. It indicates the number of feet above sea level. The small hand shows thousands of feet and the large hand shows hundreds of feet. heck these sample indications: ltimeter 3200 feet 650 feet 2600 feet 7400 feet

4 The ompass dial indicates the direction in which the aircraft is heading. Note these indications: ompass Heading North Heading West Heading North-west Heading North of North-west In each problem in Part, diagrams of the six dials appear above the five written descriptions of the aircraft s behaviour. You are to examine the dials above the descriptions, then choose the correct description from those appearing below. When you are ready to start the practice test, allow yourself 12 minutes to do Part. On the answer sheet, put an X in the box under the letter of your choice. Work rapidly and carefully until your time runs out. Time llowed 12 minutes Part (Questions 1 15) IR SP RT OF LIM RTIFIIL HORIZON TURN NK LTIMTR OMPSS 1 Flying in a diving position at 180 m.p.h. in an unbanked left turn, heading east of northeast, losing altitude at 7460 feet Flying in a climbing position at 200 m.p.h. in a sharp left turn with 60 left bank, heading east of north-east, gaining altitude at 7460 feet Flying in a climbing position at 235 m.p.h. in an unbanked left turn, heading east of north-east, gaining altitude at 4870 feet Flying in a climbing position at 190 m.p.h. in an unbanked sharp left turn, heading north-east, maintaining altitude at 7490 feet Flying level at 200 m.p.h. in an unbanked sharp left turn, heading west of north-west, maintaining altitude at 4870 feet

5 IR SP RT OF LIM RTIFIIL HORIZON TURN NK LTIMTR OMPSS 2 Flying level at 260 m.p.h. in a right turn with left wing high, heading west of north-west, maintaining altitude at 5100 feet. Flying in a gliding position at 270 m.p.h. turning left with 15 right bank, heading south of south-west, losing altitude rapidly at 2500 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 270 m.p.h. in an insufficiently banked left turn, heading south of south-west, losing altitude at 5200 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 290 m.p.h. in a left turn with too much left bank, heading south of south-west, gaining altitude at 5200 feet. Flying in a diving position at 280 m.p.h. turning sharply left with proper bank, heading south of south-west, losing altitude rapidly at 2500 feet. 3 Flying in a climbing position at 225 m.p.h. in an unbanked turn, heading west of southwest, maintaining altitude at 4760 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 200 m.p.h. straight and unbanked, heading south of south-west, maintaining altitude at 6470 feet. Flying in a diving position at 225 m.p.h. straight and unbanked, heading south-west, losing altitude at 6480 feet. Flying in a gliding position at 220 m.p.h. in an unbanked turn, heading west, and losing altitude at 6465 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 200 m.p.h. turning to left and banked 15 right, heading south of south-west, gaining altitude gradually at 4760 feet.

6 IR SP RT OF LIM RTIFIIL HORIZON TURN NK LTIMTR OMPSS 4 Flying in a climbing position at 210 m.p.h. turning left and banked 15 right, heading north of north-east, maintaining altitude at 5470 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 215 m.p.h. in a gradual left turn and 10 right bank, heading north of north-west, gaining altitude at 7525 feet. Flying level at 220 m.p.h. in a sharp right turn, banked with 10 left, heading north of north-east, gaining altitude rapidly at 5470 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 210 m.p.h. in a sharp right turn, with 15 right bank, heading north of north-east, gaining altitude gradually at 7540 feet. Flying level at 220 m.p.h. in a gradual right turn with proper right bank, heading north of north-east, losing altitude rapidly at 7520 feet. 5 Flying in a climbing position at 180 m.p.h. in an insufficiently banked left turn, heading north-east, gaining altitude at 3750 feet. Flying level at 180 m.p.h. in a properly banked left turn with 40 left turn, heading northeast, gaining altitude at 3760 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 170 m.p.h. in a too sharply banked left turn, heading north-east, gaining altitude at 7530 feet. Flying level at 180 m.p.h. in a climbing position with left wing low, heading north-east, maintaining altitude at 3730 feet. Flying level at 150 m.p.h. in an insufficiently banked left turn, heading north-east, gaining altitude at 7530 feet.

7 IR SP RT OF LIM RTIFIIL HORIZON TURN NK LTIMTR OMPSS 6 Flying level at 100 m.p.h. straight and unbanked, heading due north and maintaining altitude at 3200 feet. Flying level at 100 m.p.h. in a properly banked left turn, heading north of north-east and gaining altitude at 2300 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 120 m.p.h. in a gradual banked left turn, heading due north and maintaining altitude at 3000 feet. Flying level at 80 m.p.h. in a straight position with left wing low, heading north-east and maintaining altitude at 3200 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 110 m.p.h. straight and unbanked, heading north-east and gaining altitude at 2300 feet. 7 Flying level at 220 m.p.h. in an unbanked left turn, heading due south and gaining altitude at 7300 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 240 m.p.h. straight and banked slightly right, heading due south and maintaining altitude at 3600 feet. Flying in a diving position at 250 m.p.h. straight and banked steeply left, heading south of south-west and gradually losing altitude at 7300 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 260 m.p.h. in an unbanked left turn, heading south-west and gaining altitude at 3700 feet. Flying level at 240 m.p.h. straight with left wing low, heading due south and maintaining altitude at 3700 feet.

8 IR SP RT OF LIM RTIFIIL HORIZON TURN NK LTIMTR OMPSS 8 Flying level at 300 m.p.h. in a proper left turn, banked 20 left turn, heading due west and gaining altitude at 600 feet. Flying level at 340 m.p.h. in an unbanked right turn, heading north-west and gaining altitude at 6000 feet. Flying level at 320 m.p.h. straight with left wing low, heading due west and maintaining altitude at 600 feet. Flying level at 300 m.p.h. straight and banked right, heading west of south-west and losing altitude at 6000 feet. Flying level at 320 m.p.h. straight and unbanked, heading due west and maintaining altitude at 6000 feet. 9 Flying in a climbing position at 180 m.p.h. in a proper left turn with 20 bank, heading south of south-west and maintaining altitude at 8610 feet. Flying in a diving position at 160 m.p.h. in a proper left turn with 15 bank, heading south-west and losing altitude rapidly at 1860 feet. Flying in a diving position at 180 m.p.h. straight with right wing low, heading south of south-west and losing altitude rapidly at 1860 feet. Flying level at 200 m.p.h. straight and unbanked, heading due south and maintaining altitude at 1860 feet. Flying in a diving position at 180 m.p.h. in a proper right turn with 30 bank, heading south of south-west and maintaining altitude at 8610 feet.

9 IR SP RT OF LIM RTIFIIL HORIZON TURN NK LTIMTR OMPSS 10 Flying at 300 m.p.h. in a diving position, banked 20 left, heading due north and losing altitude at 6290 feet. Flying at 300 m.p.h. in a climbing position, in a proper banked left turn, heading northwest and losing altitude at 9620 feet. Flying level at 290 m.p.h. in an unbanked right turn, heading north and gaining altitude at 9610 feet. Flying at 300 m.p.h. in a climbing position, right wing low, heading north-west and maintaining altitude at 9620 feet. Flying at 280 m.p.h. in a diving position, banked 20 right, heading north of north-west and losing altitude gradually at 6290 feet. 11 Flying level at 300 m.p.h. straight and unbanked, heading north-east and gaining altitude gradually at 2990 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 310 m.p.h. banked left, heading due east and losing altitude at 2980 feet. Flying level at 290 m.p.h. banked left, heading due north and maintaining altitude at 9820 feet. Flying at 310 m.p.h. in a climbing position, with left wing low, heading due east and losing altitude gradually at 9820 feet. Flying in a diving position at 310 m.p.h. banked left, heading east of north-east and losing altitude at 2980 feet.

10 IR SP RT OF LIM RTIFIIL HORIZON TURN NK LTIMTR OMPSS 12 Flying level at 90 m.p.h. in an insufficiently banked left turn, heading south-west and maintaining altitude at 7600 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 100 m.p.h. in a properly banked left turn, heading southwest and gaining altitude gradually at 6700 feet. Flying in a diving position at 100 m.p.h. straight ahead with left wing low, heading south-west and losing altitude at 7600 feet. Flying level at 80 m.p.h. in a left turn, banked 15 left, heading south-west and maintaining altitude at 6700 feet. Flying in a diving position at 90 m.p.h. in a left turn, banked 15 right, due south and losing altitude at 7600 feet. 13 Flying level at 100 m.p.h. in a proper sharp right turn with 60 right bank, heading south-east and gaining altitude at 3560 feet. Flying in a gliding position at 110 m.p.h. in a properly banked normal right turn, heading east of south-east and maintaining altitude at 5630 feet. Flying level at 110 m.p.h. in a proper sharp right turn with 60 right bank, heading east of south-east and maintaining altitude at 3560 feet. Flying in a diving position at 90 m.p.h. in a proper sharp right turn, heading due east and losing altitude at 3600 feet. Flying level at 110 m.p.h. in a sharp right turn with insufficient bank, heading south-east and maintaining altitude at 5630 feet.

11 IR SP RT OF LIM RTIFIIL HORIZON TURN NK LTIMTR OMPSS 14 Flying in a climbing position at 340 m.p.h. in a sharp right turn with proper bank, heading north-east, gaining altitude gradually at 1950 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 330 m.p.h. in a properly banked sharp left turn, heading north-east, gaining altitude rapidly at 1930 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 345 m.p.h. turning sharply left with no bank, heading north-east, gaining altitude rapidly at 1930 feet. Flying in a climbing position at 340 m.p.h. turning sharply right with insufficient right bank, heading north-east, gaining altitude rapidly at 1940 feet. Flying level at 330 m.p.h. in a slight right turn with 15 right bank, heading north-east, gaining altitude rapidly at 1940 feet. 15 Flying level at 280 m.p.h. in a gradual left turn, banked 10 left, heading south, and maintaining altitude at 4620 feet. Flying level at 260 m.p.h. in a sharp left turn with 10 left bank, heading south-east, and maintaining altitude at 4605 feet. Flying at 290 m.p.h. in a climbing position, in a gradual left turn, banked 10 left, heading south of south-east, maintaining altitude at 6240 feet. Flying in a climbing position in a gradual left turn, unbanked, heading south-east, and gaining altitude gradually at 4630 feet. Flying level at 280 m.p.h. in a properly banked gradual left turn, heading south-east, maintaining altitude at 4620 feet.

12 Instrument omprehension irections - Part This part of the practice test measures your ability to determine the position of an airplane in flight. To do this, read the instruments showing its compass direction heading, amount of climb or dive, and degree of bank to right or left. In each of the problems, you will be given a series of pictures of a single aircraft in five different positions. ach problem consists of two dials and five answer options. When you are reading the dials, remember you are at the controls of the aircraft looking forward. In each problem, the left-hand dial is labelled RTIFIIL HORIZON. On the face of the dial a stationary indicator in the centre represents your airplane, while the positions of the black line, black pointer, and markings along the outer edge vary with changes in the position of the airplane in which the instrument is located. Looking at the pictures, an aircraft heading away from you is going north, aircraft flying south will be coming directly toward you, while those going to your right will be heading east and those to your left, will be heading west. n example is provided for you below. ccording to the dial, the aircraft is flying level and unbanked (wings level) and is heading due west. Note that the aircraft at position () is the only one which is correct for all of these readings. Notice that position () is correct in every respect except that the aircraft is flying south. Position () would also be correct except that the aircraft is flying north. Remember that every reading of the dials must be checked in order to determine the correct position. In each problem in Part, diagrams of the two dials appear to the left of the five aircraft positions. xamine the indications on the dials on the left, then look at the 5 positions of the aircraft and select the position which is correct according to the indications of these dials. On the answer sheet, put an X in the box under the letter of your choice. Work rapidly and carefully until your time runs out. When you are ready to start the practice test, allow yourself 20 minutes to do Part.

13 Part (Questions 16 75) Time llowed 20 minutes

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28 75 nd of Part