Lingua e Traduzione I : prassi traduttiva EN<=>ITA. BA_Mediazione Anno I, Semestre 2

Transcription

1 Lingua e Traduzione I : prassi traduttiva EN<=>ITA BA_Mediazione Anno I, Semestre 2

2 This week s class: homework for next class: grammar point: past participle and present participle specialized texts and translation

3 Homework revision: How to Breathe Breathing is a basic human function, but not everyone breathes effectively, especially during stressful times. By practicing proper breathing techniques, you can reduce stress and improve your body s overall functioning. Come + infinito -ing form infinitive By + -ing form gerund -ing form noun

4 Homework revision: Some good techniques to use include diaphragmatic breathing, breathing through your nose, sighing as you exhale, and clenching your fists while breathing. There are also some lifestyle changes you can make that may improve your breathing. Some to use da + infinito -ing form noun, verb (infinitive) Sigh to let out one's breath audibly, as from sorrow, weariness, or relief. Lifestyle changes changing your daily habits may/might conditional

5 Homework revision: Method 1 Performing Deep Breathing 1 Position yourself in a comfortable way. You might find it easier to take deep, slow breaths if you are lying down or sitting in a comfortable chair. Try laying on your back on a blanket, sofa, or on a bed. Let your arms lay loosely at your sides. You can keep your legs straight or bend your knees slightly. You can also use pillows to support your head and knees. Just try to make yourself as comfortable as possible. -ing form infinitive,, noun + art. Det. Imperatives: 2nd sing/plur, infinitive loosely free or released from fastening or attachment As + adj. + as + adj. comparative

6 Homework revision: 2 Inhale through your nose. It is best to breathe in through your nose when doing deep breathing, or even just when you are breathing regularly. The process of breathing through your nose allows your body to filter out viruses and bacteria. To breathe through your nose, keep your mouth closed. Your automatic nervous system will continue breathing, and the breath will come through your nostrils. Nasal breathing allows the body to warm and humidify any cold, dry air so that it's easier to absorb. It is best to superlative The process of...filter out proteggersi da Automatic nervous system sistema nervoso autonomo Any cold, dry air not any kind of but air in general

7 Homework revision: 3 Breathe deeply from the diaphragm. To tell whether or not you are breathing into your diaphragm, put one hand on your upper chest, the other hand on your belly, just below your rib cage. Breathe in slowly through your nose until you feel your belly start to rise. Try to make sure that your chest remains still, and that it is not moving upward. When your belly is as full of air as you can comfortably make it, start to tighten your stomach muscles. This will force air slowly from your diaphragm and out of your lungs. To tell whether or not per verificare/capire se This will force air slowly from your diaphragm and out of your lungs aria dal diaframma fuori dai polmoni

8 Homework revision: The diaphragm is the large, dome-shaped muscle at the base of the lungs. When you allow your diaphragm to expand and contract to control your breathing, you'll breathe more easily and efficiently. Breathing from the diaphragm can slow your heartbeat and lower or stabilize blood pressure. You may get tired rather quickly from this exercise, but you will soon find that the strengthened diaphragm muscle allows for increased oxygen intake and energy. Dome-shaped cupoliforme rather quickly piuttosto velocemente

9 Homework revision: 4 Exhale through your mouth. When you exhale, part your lips slightly and push the air out of your mouth using your diaphragm to force the air up and out. You should feel your diaphragm fall as you do this. Pause for a moment after exhaling your breath and then take in another breath when you feel ready. Try doing deep breathing for five to 20 minutes every day. You should feel your diaphragm fall as you do this contemporaneità

10 Grammar point: present participle and past participle Participles can be - Components of multiparts verbs - Adjectives - Nouns E.g. I have eaten an apple There is a crying baby I hate cooking

11 Grammar point: present participle and past participle Present participle as adverb: describes the manner in which a verb is performed She taught pounding the grammar into their heads! Can be preceded with 'by', it has the same meaning: She taught (by) pounding the grammar into their heads! Participles as clauses: the phrase containing the participle drops the relative pronoun Who's that boy (who s) playing the piano? Left alone with nowhere to go, Mary decided to return home a few days early

12 Grammar point: present participle and past participle Present participle as adverb: describes the manner in which a verb is performed She taught pounding the grammar into their heads! Can be preceded with 'by', it has the same meaning: She taught (by) pounding the grammar into their heads! Participles as clauses: the phrase containing the participle drops the relative pronoun Who's that boy (who s) playing the piano? Left alone with nowhere to go, Mary decided to return home a few days early

13 Take 5.

14 Specialized translation - Traduzione specializzata interlinguistic communication of texts written in a specialized language main aim: communicating information to an audience with precise needs and expectations Specialized texts or Languages for Special Purposes (LSP) = texts written in a specialized language, function informative and operative Specialized translation is - usually performed by professionals - linked to LSP - taken on for a variety of specialized areas with an LSP

15 Lingue speciali una varietà funzionale di una lingua naturale, dipendente da un settore di conoscenze o da una sfera di attività specialistici, utilizzata, nella sua interezza, da un gruppo di parlanti più ristretto della totalità dei parlanti la lingua di cui quella speciale è una varietà, per soddisfare i bisogni comunicativi (in primo luogo quelli referenziali) di quel settore specialistico (Cortelazzo, 1994) LSP (Testi specialistici) testi di servizio con funzione pratica e informativa.

16 Specialized texts: 2-way categorization Horizontal according to the field/topic - Hard sciences - Soft sciences (human sciences) Vertical according to the context of use (audience) - Expert to expert communication - Tech to tech communication - Expert to lay communicatio

17 Specialized texts: characteristics High degree of clarity Use of technical vocabulary high degree of precision and unambiguousness Use of the minimum amount of words necessary concise Use of bullet lists, well-defined and homogenous paragraphs and short sentences. Stile nominale, parataxis, impersonal style (including passive voice). Technical vocabulary and jargon

18 ST-TT Text analysis: Instruction manual - Canon Eos 1000 D 1. Insert the battery. (p.28) To charge the battery, see page Insert the card. (p.28) With the card s label facing toward the camera back, insert it into the slot. 1. Inserire la batteria (p. 26). Per ricaricare la batteria, vedere a pagina Aprire il coperchio dello slot e inserire una scheda (p. 31). Inserire la scheda nello slot con l'etichetta rivolta verso di sé.

19 ST-TT Text analysis: Instruction manual - Canon Eos 1000 D 3. Attach the lens. (p.35) Align the lens white or red index with the camera s index in the matching color. 2. Montare l'obiettivo (p. 33). Se si monta un obiettivo EF-S, allinearlo al punto bianco sulla fotocamera. Altri tipi di obiettivo devono, invece, essere allineati al punto rosso.

20 ST-TT Text analysis: Instruction manual - Canon Eos 1000 D 4. Set the lens focus mode switch to <AF>. (p.35) 5. Set the power switch to <1>. (p.31) When the LCD monitor displays the Date/Time setting screen, see page Impostare l'interruttore della modalità di messa a fuoco su <AF> (p. 33). 5. Posizionare l'interruttore di accensione su <1> (p. 27). Quando sul monitor LCD viene visualizzata la schermata di impostazione di data/ora, vedere a pagina 29.

21 ST-TT Text analysis: Instruction manual - Canon Eos 1000 D 6. Set the Mode Dial to <1> (Full Auto). All the necessary camera settings will be set automatically. 6. Ruotare la ghiera di selezione su <1> (Automatico) (p. 44). Tutte le impostazioni necessarie della fotocamera vengono regolate automaticamente.

22 ST-TT Text analysis:instruction manual - Canon Eos 1000 D 7. Focus the subject. (p.39) Look through the viewfinder and aim the viewfinder center over the subject. Press the shutter button halfway, and the camera will focus the subject. If necessary, the built-in flash will pop-up automatically. 7 Mettere a fuoco il soggetto (p. 37). Guardare nel mirino e posizionare il centro del mirino sul soggetto. Premere il pulsante di scatto a metà per mettere a fuoco il soggetto.

23 ST-TT Text analysis:instruction manual - Canon Eos 1000 D 8. Take the picture. (p.39) Press the shutter button completely to take the picture. 9. Review the picture. (p.154) The captured image will be displayed for approx. 2 sec. on the LCD monitor. To display the image again, press the <x> button (p.70). 8. Scattare la foto (p. 37). Premere completamente il pulsante di scatto per scattare la foto. 9. Rivedere l'immagine (p. 108). L'immagine acquisita viene visualizzata sul monitor LCD per circa 2 secondi. Per visualizzare di nuovo l'immagine, premere il pulsante <x> (p. 54).

24 ST-TT Text analysis:instruction manual - Canon Eos 1000 D To delete an image, see Erasing Images (p.196). Per eliminare un'immagine, vedere "Eliminazione delle immagini" (p. 130).

25 Class: ST - Manuale di istruzioni. operative and informative text link to images think about the text purpose analyse syntax carefully think about reference texts

26 Homework: Instruction manual operative and informative text link to images think about the text purpose analyse syntax carefully

27 Next week: Homework revision: 3 volunteers sending their translation within Saturday. More on specialized texts Grammar point: future tenses Translate!