CUSTODY TRANSFER OF FLUIDS IN MALAYSIA

Transcription

1 CUSTODY TRANSFER OF FLUIDS IN MALAYSIA 25 NOVEMBER 2017 TCFF WORKSHOP, APMP 2017 CSIR-NPL INDIA DR ABDUL RAHMAN MOHAMED 1 NATIONAL METROLOGY INSTITUTE OF MALAYSIA

2 CONTENTS 1.0 Introduction 2.0 Act and Regulation 3.0 Custody transfer Upstream activities - Liquid - Gas 4..0 Custody transfer Downstream activities - Liquid - Gas

3 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS AND CONTROL The measurement of flow is required: i. Process control For example - to control the distribution of the gas within the system. - used for internal allocation purposes within a building or plant The speed of response is more critical than the accuracy of flow measurement. No money is directly involved. The meters are usually sold to the owners of the plant or building itself. The meters are also installed by the owners.

4 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS AND CONTROL ii. Custody transfer For example, Meters used to measure gas entering a building or plant for purpose of billing for their use of gas. - a measure of the potential revenue for the gas supplier. - The customers to know the volume of gas consumption. As it involves a transferring of money, accuracy of the measurement is important. The meters are sold to the gas supplier and installed at the building or plant by the gas supplier.

5 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS AND CONTROL Metering for gas and liquid hydrocarbon is an important aspect in petroleum industry since these are the cash registers that measure the revenues of the energy delivered by Petroleum companies. Whilst the suppliers are interested in the monetary return for their investments, the users have to be ensured that they are getting what they paid for. A slight error in the measurement can resulted in huge gain or loss to either party. That s why in most countries, legislation are introduced to facilitate trade as well as ensuring the activities are conducted in a fair manner. Regulation that requires uniformity in the units of measurement within the country, reliability for the measurement instruments used where their errors have to be within prescribed limits are commonly stated to be followed by the trading industries. Steps that have been taken to control the measuring instruments, to ensure their ability in meeting the legislative requirements, includes the pattern or type approvals, verification at the installation and in service inspection on a periodic basis. These are parts of the metrological control system developed to maintain public confidence in the instruments used.

6 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS AND CONTROL What is the National Measurement System? The totality of administrative and technical arrangements within a country which enables an individual or organization to have the means to make accurate and traceable measurements.

7 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS AND CONTROL National Measurement System Act To provide for uniform Units of Measurement based on SI Units To provide for the establishment of national measurement standards To provide for measurement traceability to national standards To provide for the coordination of Malaysia s national measurement system

8 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS AND CONTROL EXTRACTS FROM THE WEIGHTS AND MEASURES ACT ( 1972 ) PART III WEIGHTS AND MEASURES FOR TRADE PURPOSES Penalty on manufacture, sale and repair of false weights etc. 18 (1) No person shall - (a) make or sell or attempt to sell or expose for sale any false or unjust weight or measure or instrument for weighing or measuring; (b) which is not verified and stamped or certified, or (c).unless he is licensed.. (d) make, or sell or attempt to sell or expose for sale any weight or measure or instrument for weighing or measuring for use for trade where such weight or measure or instrument presents unusual features which do not conform with such pattern or specifications as the Custodian of Weights and Measures may by order published in the Gazette prescribe generally for weights or measures or instruments for weighing or measuring unless such weight or measure of instrument for weighing or measuring has been approved by the Custodian under section 14 (5A) and has been verified, stamped, certified or authenticated in accordance with the procedure provided therein.

9 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS AND CONTROL EXTRACTS FROM THE SALES TAX ACT 1972, SALES TAX REGULATION 1972 REGULATION : PROVISIONS RELATING TO LICENSED MANUFACTURER OF PETROLEUM Regulation 20F. PIPELINES AND STORAGE (1) All pipelines and storage tanks shall be calibrated by independent surveyors approved by the Director General. (3) All pipelines which have been affixed with meters and devices shall be approved by the Director General. Regulation 20G. METERS AND DEVICES (1) All meters and devices used for measuring petroleum shall be approved the Director General.

10 STATUTORY REQUIREMENTS AND CONTROL EXTRACTS FROM THE GAS SUPPLY ACT 1993 (ACT 501) PART VI : PROVISION RELATING TO THE LICENSEE, SUPPLY OF GAS ENTRY INTO LAND, ETC 19. (2) THE METER, TO BE PROVIDED BY THE LICENSEE, WHETHER BY WAY OF SALE, HIRE OR LOAN, SHALL BE OF THE TYPE APPROVED BY THE COMMISION OR BY ANY OTHER RELEVANT GOVERNMENT BODY APPOINTED BY THE COMMISION FOR THAT PURPOSE.

11 REGULATORY CONTROL OF UTILITY METERS METROLOGICAL CONTROL PROCESS PATTERN APPROVAL - PROTO-TYPE TESTING - TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION - CERTIFICATE OF APPROVAL CUSTODIAN/NML-SIRIM INITIAL VERIFICATION (factory) QUALITLY ASSESSOR MDTCA/ MCM VERIFICATION (field) INSPECTION

12 MASS STANDARD WATER DENSITY GRAVIMETRIC VOLUME DETERMINATION NATIONAL METROLOGY LABORATORY (NML-SIRIM) STANDARD VOLUMETRIC FLASK METAL TRAVELLING STANDARD LIQUD TRANSFER MULTIPLE LIQUID TRANSFER SECONDARY STANDARDS RETAIL MEASURING INSTRUMENTS COMMERCIAL METERS INDUSTRIAL METERS INDUSTRIAL STANDARDS CALIBRATION TRACEABILITY HIERARCHY FOR LIQUID MEASUREMENT

13 Oil/gas production sea transportation commercial domestic GAS gas processing plant industrial sea transportation storage LIQUID transport/commercial FSO refining rail wagon pipeline Lorry tanker industrial marketing Meter location Meter application in petroleum industry

14 Water Abstracted Water Produced Water Distributed METERING IN A WATER DISTRIBUTION SYSTEM PRODUCTION TRANSMISSION DISTRIBUTION CONSUMPTION M M M Water Source M Raw Water Meter Water Treatment Plant Production Meter Pumping Facilities Storage Facilities M M M M M Distribution Meters M M District Metering M Water Storage M M

15 Malaysia s Oil and Gas Production THAILAND M'SIA/THAI JOINT DEVELOPMENTAREA BRUNEI SABAH PENINSULAR MALAYSIA SARAWAK KALIMANTAN SINGAPORE Oil Field GasField 15 PRODUCINGFIELDS AREA OILGAS PENINSULAR(WEST)MALAYSIA 19 6 EASTMALAYSIA SARAWAK SABAH TOTAL

16 Petroleum, palm oil and their products are in general stored in stationary tanks (e.g vertical, horizontal, spherical). The amount stored and transferred must be accounted for and hence, must be measured precisely. One way to assess the volume of liquid held in the tanks or transferred is to determine the height of the liquid, then refer to a capacity table computed specially for that tank. The table is developed from specific measurements and there are several techniques of tank measurement and calibrations. Notes: Capacity table: or tank table shows the capacity of, or volumes in the tank for various liquid levels measured from the reference gauge point Calibration : process of determining the capacity of a tank, or the partial capacities corresponding to different levels.

17 TYPES OF STORAGE TANKS UPRIGHT CYLINDRICAL VERTICAL TANKS HORIZONTAL TANKS / BULLET TANKS SPHERICAL TANKS BARGES, MARINE TANKS

18 Basic Concept of vertical tank calibration will be determining the Volume of a cylinder d h d 2π V= 4 x h Note: seriously distorted tanks are best calibrated using liquid calibration methods

19 PETROLEUM STORAGE TANK CALIBRATION

20 Center Axis Side Tank bottom 0.5m 1.5m 2m 4m 6m

21 LNG TANK CALIBRATION

22 Flow Computer Outlet Density Meter Automatic Sampler DPI Flow Straightener TI PI TT PT Strainer/Filter Turbine Meter Inlet To Prover From Prover Typical Liquid Metering System (Hydrocarbon)

23 Temperature Transmitter Validation Flow Computer FC Temperature Transmitter Reference Temperature Container Schematic Diagram for Temperature Validation

24 Pressure Transmitter Validation Flow Computer Pressure Transmitter Dead Weight Tester In situ Calibration Method Pipe Line Schematic Diagram for PressureValidation

25 Static (Start/Stop) Dynamic (On The Fly) Prover Tank Master Meter Pipe Prover Compact Prover Master Meter

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27 U-Type Bi-Directional Pipe Prover

28 Typical Compact Prover Piston Outlet Poppet Valve Inlet Pneumatic Spring Plenum Measurement Section Hydraulic Actuator Hydraulic Motor and Pump Actuator Piston Hydraulic Reservoir

29 Monitoring of field calibration: Master Meter Method using mini pipe prover TRACEABILITY HIERARCHY NML-SIRIM calibrated transfer standard (e.g 50 litres prover tank) Master prover (mini pipe prover, 1000 litres) Prove the Master Meter 1000 litres prover tank Determine the Volume of Pipe Prover e.g litres

30 Monitoring of field calibration: Master Meter Method using master prover (mini pipe prover)

31 Monitoring of field calibration: Master Meter Method using master prover (mini pipe prover)

32 RELATIVE TO MEAN VOLUME Monitoring of field calibration: Master Meter Method using master prover (mini pipe prover) VARIATION IN PROVER VOLUME Master Prover Series 1 Series 2 Series YEARS Series 4

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34 PGU 36" pipe at 62 bar Odour GAS FLOW METER APPLICATION: TYPE AND LOCATION 20 " PGB F M R 24 bar M Gas turbine elec. gen IPP Ultrasonic/turbine 62 bar 62 bar F M R GMB 14 bar > 20 psig Large industrial user Ultrasonic/turbine City Gate DS < 20 psig Medium/small industries turbine/rotary 5 psig Commercial/ hotel/ hospital Rotary/ diaphragm 300 mmh 2 O bar residentia l diaphragm

35 Gas Metering Station PGB GAS FLOW RECEIVING TANK FILTER FILTER I N L E T H O L D E R REFERENCE METER METER RUN METER RUN MEASUREMENT BLOCK GAS METERING STATION MONITOR ACTIVE REGULATOR DCS

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37 ULTRASONIC FLOWMETERS Ultrasonic flowmeters are inferential meters that derive the fluid flowrate by measuring the difference in acoustic signal travelling time or signal frequency of the flowing fluid