RACE GUIDE NORDIC. Here you can find our online wax consulting tool: Or just scan QR code on the front page.

Transcription

1 Here you can find our online wax consulting tool: Or just scan QR code on the front page. HOLMENKOL GmbH Monrepos 7 D Ludwigsburg Fon +49(0)7141/ Fax +49(0)7141/ info@holmenkol.com E Art.-Nr Image source : Nordic Focus Manzoni / Athlete: Kaisa Mäkäräinen RACE GUIDE NORDIC Official supplier of: JAPAN SKI TEAM RECOMMENDATION S. A. J.

2 PREFACE CONTENT THE NEW RACE-GUIDE IS OUT! Whether in biathlons, classic Nordic disciplines or jumping what can tip the scales, determining victory or defeat, are top products, optimally adapted to environmental conditions, in combination with appropriate use. Thomas Burmann Over the decades that HOLMENKOL has been Director World Racing active in Nordic World Cup events, we have puzzled Team Nordic over each hundredth of a second together with athletes and service staff, with the goal of constantly raising the bar. In this new Race Guide you will find the complete collection of all Nordic products. In addition, the Race Guide shares the secrets of proven preparation in a way that is easily understandable and with many illustrations. In the product section, you will find an ExpertTip label next to those products that should be in every service kit. ExpertTip We have poured a lot of passion into this Guide to make sure the information provided is well understood and can be put into practice. I hope you fi nd it helpful. Our team very much looks forward to seeing you at one of our seminars, where we demonstrate what License to WIN! is all about. We wish you a thrilling and successful season! Best wishes Thomas PRODUCT INFORMATION Racing service products for the World Cup 5 Racing Finish 6 10 Racing-Finish-Chart 9 Speedbase Matrix Racing Wax Base wax LF 16 Base wax 19 Grip wax 21 Klister 22 Classic waxing chart 23 Cleaning / Care 24 Repair / Measuring 25 Wax irons Scrapers 28 Structure tools 30 Brushes Accessories Textile Care Body Care HOW TO USE Basic preparation for new skis Glide zone preparation with race wax Racing preparation Hand structure tools 57 Cleaning of the glide zone Preparation with Grip Base 60 Preparation with Gripwachs 61 Preparation with grip wax Cleaning of the grip zone 64 Base repair 65 Preparing Zero Ski 66 ALL ABOUT All about snow Grip wax: grip and klister Ski base structure Safety measures during waxing

3 RACING SERVICE PRODUCTS FOR THE WORLD CUP Finish Wax Speed Factor SpeedPowder MATRIX 24341/24343/24345 (see page 6) RacePowder 24337/24338/24339 (see page 7) SpeedBlock 24351/24353/24355 (see page 10) RACING FINISH SpeedFinish /24367/24368 SpeedPaste (see page 8/9) Racing Wax SpeedBase MATRIX 24565/24570/24575 (see page 13) 4 Image source: Nordic Focus Felgenhauer / Athlete: Tim Tscharnke RacingMix 24950/24960/24970 (see page 14/15) Racing Base LF 21 (LF) (see page 16) Base Wax Fluormix (see page 16) Alpha/Beta/ Ultra- mix 24104/24114/24124 (see page 19) 5

4 RACING FINISH SpeedPowder Matrix: When combined with HOLMENKOL race waxes, you get first class gliding properties for your race base that set the benchmark in terms of speed, abrasion resistance, versatility and handling. Nordic Racing Finish Powder Extreme acceleration, maximum speed Extreme abrasion resistance For Nordic skis RacePowder: Highly concentrated fluorine carbon powder. Adapted to suit respective temperature ranges and supplements the SpeedBase or RacingMix racing wax collections. The World Cup proven powders are suitable for alpine and Nordic skis. Highly concentrated fluorine carbon powder Outstanding results in terms of gliding effect 100% Fluorcarbon powder For alpine and Nordic skis ExpertTip SpeedPowder Matrix WET Best for: Fresh snow and fine-grained snow. Damp to extremely wet snow. For snow temperatures from 0 to -4 C SpeedPowder Matrix MID Best for: Fresh and fine-grained snow and damp snow. Also suitable for damp artificial snow. For snow temperatures from -2 to -10 C SpeedPowder Matrix COLD Best for: Fine- and coarse-grained old and artificial snow. For snow temperatures from -8 to -20 C RacePowder WET Best for: Wet to damp snow. For snow temperatures from 0 to -4 C RacePowder MID Best for: Damp to dry snow. For snow temperatures from -2 to -10 C RacePowder COLD Best for: Dry and cold snow. For snow temperatures from -8 to -25 C g g g g g g SpeedPowder Matrix WET 0 ~ -4 C wet to damp SpeedPowder Matrix MID - 2 ~ -10 C damp, dry SpeedPowder Matrix COLD - 8 ~ -20 C damp, dry RacePowder WET 0 ~ -4 C wet to damp 150 RacePowder MID - 2 ~ -10 C damp to dry 150 RacePowder COLD - 8 ~ -25 C dry

5 RACING FINISH SpeedFinish 2.0: World Cup proven formulas give you first class, easy to apply gliding coating. When used with HOLMENKOL race waxes or other HOLMENKOL Racing Finish products, you will see outstanding results in terms of gliding effect and versatility. Highly concentrated fluorine spray. For maximum speed and enhanced acceleration Vigorously resistant to dirt Finishing layer anchors itself optimally with high fluorine waxes Simplest, speediest application prior to racing SpeedPaste Racing: Highly fluorinated carbon racing wax paste. World Cup proven. Extreme acceleration, maximum speed and smooth gliding in all speed ranges. High abrasion resistance and outstanding versatility. SpeedPaste can be easily and conveniently applied to any ski until right before the start of the race, ensuring that the base and structure are not damaged. SpeedPaste has been improved to match HOLMENKOL race waxes, which makes it an essential for winning from start to finish. SpeedPaste Racing Highly fluorinated carbon wax paste. For damp to wet climate. Specifically for fresh wet snow For snow temperatures from 0 to -6 C High abrasion resistance, broad range of applications Optimally adjusted to suit race waxes Easy application, good value for money g SpeedPaste Racing 0 ~ -6 C wet, damp, dry Racing Finish Chart NORDIC snow SpeedFinish 2.0 WET Application area: Damp, fresh snow, wet snow and fine to coarse-grained old snow For snow temperatures from 0 to -4 C ml SpeedFinish 2.0 MID Application area: universal use for all snow types For snow temperatures from -2 to - 10 C ml SpeedFinish 2.0 COLD Application area: Cold and aggressive snow For snow temperatures from -8 to - 20 C ml Matrix Speed Powder Race Powder Speed Block WET WET WET MID MID MID COLD COLD COLD SpeedFinish 2.0 WET 0 ~ -4 C wet to damp SpeedFinish 2.0 MID - 2 ~ -10 C wet, damp, dry Speed Finish 2.0 WET MID COLD SpeedFinish 2.0 COLD - 8 ~ -20 C dry Speed Paste Paste Racing 8 9

6 RACING FINISH SpeedBlock: Pressed 100% fluorine carbon powder. World Cup proven formula. Extreme acceleration, maximum speed For rubbing onto prepared gliding surfaces or other speed coatings shortly before the start Easy application even prior to starting Good value for money Application: rub on and cork; can also be ironed in SpeedBlock WET Best for: Damp to wet fresh snow, grainy to coarsegrained old or artificial snow. For snow temperatures from 0 to -5 C g SpeedBlock MID Best for: Fresh snow or damp old/artificial snow For snow temperatures from -2 to -10 C g HF HIGHFLUORATED WAX HF HIGHFLUORATED WAX SpeedBlock COLD Best for: Dry or grainy snow For snow temperatures from -5 to -20 C g SpeedBlock WET 0 ~ -5 C wet to damp 95 ~ 100 C SpeedBlock MID - 2 ~ -10 C wet, damp, dry 105 C SpeedBlock COLD - 5 ~ -20 C dry 125 C LICENSE TO WIN Image source : Nordic Focus Manzoni / Athlete: Kaisa Mäkäräinen

7 SPEEDBASE MATRIX SPEED BASE - THE RACING STANDARD The innovative race wax collection. SpeedBase Matrix: For all winter sport aficionados who desire excellent equipment waxing results in Nordic sports: the SpeedBase racing wax collection. In addition to nano-cfc effects, the SpeedBase collection has also been tailored through highly optimised adaptation to specific varied conditions. Highly fluorinated base powder for Nordic skis Outstanding gliding properties Stands out due to its extreme abrasion resistance Very easy handling Products can be mixed SpeedBase Matrix WET For damp to dry, fresh and fine-grained snow For snow temperatures from 0 to -4 C. SpeedBase Matrix MID For damp to dry, fresh and fine-grained snow For snow temperatures from -2 to -10 C. SpeedBase Matrix COLD For damp to dry and fine- to coarsegrained snow For snow temperatures from -8 to -20 C g g g ExpertTip SpeedBase Matrix WET 0 ~ -4 C C damp to dry 110 SpeedBase Matrix MID - 2 ~ -10 C C damp to dry Mix It - Your License to Win SpeedBase Matrix COLD - 8 ~ -20 C C damp to dry

8 RACING WAX RacingMix: Intrinsic simplicity is the best improvement! The RacingMix collection consists of 3 highly fluorinated paraffin waxes covering all snow types and temperatures. Here you can find our online wax consulting tool: Highly fluorinated race wax for racing and training. Allows maximum acceleration, gliding and abrasion resistance Maximum water and dirt repellence For alpine and Nordic skis Highly fluorinated additive, appropriate match for the race wax collection (Alpine/Nordic). ExpertTip Additiv High-Fluor GW 25 Highly fluorinated race wax additive. RacingMix WET For fine to coarse and wet snow. For snow temperatures from 0 to -4 C x 35 g g RacingMix MID For fine to coarse and damp snow. For snow temperatures from -4 to -10 C x 35 g g RacingMix COLD For fine to coarse and abrasive snow. For snow temperatures from -10 to -25 C x 35 g g For high air humidity and/or snow moisture. To enhance gliding as well as water and dirt repellance x 35 g g RacingMix WET 0 ~ -4 C fine/coarse wet RacingMix MID - 4 ~ -10 C fine/coarse damp RacingMix COLD - 10 ~ -25 C fine/coarse aggressive Additiv High-Fluor GW 25 GW 25 can be added to RacingMix and SpeedBase 14 15

9 BASE WAX LF Fluormix WHITE Lightly fluorinated high quality training and base wax for all snow types. Preferably for higher moisture. For snow temperatures from 0 to -14 C. High abrasion resistance x 35 g g Racing Base LF 21 Lightly fluorinated base wax for alpine and Nordic skiing and ski jumping. Application ranges from icy, aggressive snow and artificial snow to wet snow. Ideal for indoor ski complexes. Perfect base wax for long distances. Optimally suited to the ice track during ski jumping. For snow temperatures from 0 to -20 C. High abrasion resistance. Low dirt adherence. Broad range of uses x 35 g g Image source: HOLMENKOL Fluormix WHITE 0 ~ -14 C wet to damp 125 ~ 135 Racing Base LF 21 0 ~ -20 C fine / coarse / aggressive 140 ~

10 BASE WAX Successful formulas. Highest quality base and training wax based on hydrocarbons. Used and recommended by national teams and the ski industry. Stands out due to extreme abrasion resistance For alpine and Nordic skis ExpertTip RACING BASE WAX Alphamix YELLOW For soft, fresh and fine-grained snow. For snow temperatures from 0 to -4 C x 35 g g Betamix RED For all snow types. For snow temperatures from -4 to -14 C x 35 g g 18 Image source: NordicFocus Felgenhauer / Athlete: Tobias Rath Ultramix BLUE For cold, very old and aggressive snow. For snow temperatures from -8 to -20 C x 35 g g Alphamix YELLOW 0 ~ -4 C wet to damp 115 ~ 125 Betamix RED -4 ~ -14 C damp to dry 125 ~ 135 Ultramix BLUE -8 ~ -20 C damp to dry 135 ~

11 GRIPWAX Grip wax for classic cross-country skiing incorporating the know-how of legendary top products. Select the right wax depending on snow type and air temperature. LICENSE TO WIN Grip Yellow Klister type, preferably for changing conditions, i.e., fresh and fine damp snow, together with harder wax types. For air temperatures from +4 to-1 C g Grip Red Best for fine, old or transformed snow as well as fine-grained artificial snow. For air temperatures from +2 to -1 C g Grip Blue Spezial Very flexible wax. Best for high air moisture. For glassy tracks, damp snow. Can be used to cover softer wax types to enhance gliding properties. For air temperatures from -1 to -6 C g Grip Blue For dry, fine-grained old snow. For air temperatures from -3 to -7 C g 20 Image source: Nordic Focus NordicFocus Grip Violet For damp fresh snow around the freezing point. For air temperatures of 0 C g Grip Violet Spezial Broad range of applications from (falling) fresh snow to fine, old or transformed snow and artificial snow. For air temperatures from 0 to -2 C g Grip Blue Extra Broad range of applications on dry, fresh and fine-grained powder snow and artificial snow. For air temperatures from -2 to -6 C g Grip Green For dry, cold, fresh snow and snow that has not been significantly transformed. For air temperatures from - 6 to -20 C g Grip Base Base wax for enhanced abrasion resistance of grip wax on old and abrasive snow or artificial snow. For air temperatures from -2 to -10 C g 21

12 KLISTER Klister Blue Broad range of applications in coarsegrained, abrasive snow as well as artificial snow and on an icy track. Also usuable as basis for all other types of Klister. For air temperatures from -3 to -20 C. Klister Universal Broad range of applications, specifically fine-grained snow and icy tracks to coarse-grained, frozen and damp snow. For air temperatures from +4 to -4 C ml ml Klister Violet For wet, coarse-grained snow and frozen, icy tracks. For air temperatures from +2 to -4 C ml Klister Silver For changing conditions (fine-/coarsegrained), snow with high water content or dirty and muddy snow. For air temperatures from +3 to -1 C ml Classic Wax Chart Base Green Blue Blue Extra Klister Red Broad range of applications from icy tracks to coarse-grained wet snow (Klister for snow of variable consistence). For air temperatures from +3 to -2 C ml Klister Red Spezial For fresh, damp snow and wet, watery tracks. For air temperatures from +0 to -2 C ml 22 Klister Black Spezial The legendary black klister. Best as additive for coarse-grained, frozen to wet snow. For air temperatures from +10 to -1 C. For enhanced gliding properties and reduced dirt pick-up ml Image source: NordicFocus Felgenhauer GRIP WAX KLISTER Blue Spezial Violet Spezial Violet Red Yellow Blue Violet Red Red Spezial Universal Silver Black Spezial 23

13 CLEANING / CARE REPAIR / MEASURING ExpertTip nano-cfc Fluor-Cleaner Unique special cleaner for nano-cfc powder and other RacingFinish products. Removes fluorine materials but does not attack the paraffin base. After treatment, the ski takes up more wax again thus achieving increased speed ml ml WaxAb - Wax Remover Spray Special cleaner and wax remover for gentle, deep cleaning of skis and snowboards. Optimal dosability ml NoWax AntiIce & Glider Spray For reliable and light gliding and climbing with zero, chemical and fish scale skis. Fast and easy application. Environmentally-friendly air spray ml CareFleece Highly absorbent special fleece for base cleaning and polishing. Incl. knife m x 20 cm Wax Remover-Cleaner Special cleaner for removing grease, oil, resin and wax from hands, ski gliding surfaces and clothes ml ml ml ExpertTip FX-Strips transparent Special candles for small base repairs. Suitable for all conventional ski bases and particularly for FX- Smartbase snowboard bases. Light the candle, drip on the wax, and done pcs. FX-Strips black pcs. CareFleece 50 Highly absorbent special fleece cloths for base cleaning and polishing pcs. Padset Spezial grinding pads for roughening the base Snow thermometer FlashPen For contactless infra-red measuring of the snow temperature. Incl. battery

14 WAXING IRONS ExpertTip 12 mm 15 mm Digital RacingWaxer Professional World Cup waxer with digital display. The temperature of this iron is controlled by a microprocessor, keeping it stable during processing. This gives an optimal result and is particulary advantageous for applying the temperature-sensitive special and race waxes. Temperature range from C V 15 mm base plate V 15 mm base plate NEW 15 mm Electronic RacingWaxer The temperature of this iron is controlled by a microprocessor, keeping it stable during processing. This gives an optimal result and is particulary advantageous for applying the temperature-sensitive special and race waxes. Temperature range from C V 15 mm base plate V 15 mm base plate mm NEW Digital RacingWaxer Thick Plate Professional waxer with digital display used by World Cup teams. A microprocessor controls the temperature, keeping it stable during working. The extrathick base plate enables ideal application of temperature-sensitive special and racing waxes, even in cold ambient temperatures. Temperature control from C. Including sturdy case V 26 mm base plate V 26 mm base plate ClassicWaxer (similar picture) Handy waxing iron with precise temperature control and constant heat through extra thick bottom plate. With a smooth bottom plate especially suited to iron grip wax V 12 mm base plate Waxing iron tray Robust aluminium tray for waxing iron; includes silicon protection. Can be installed on a service table. Suitable for all tables with a tabletop thickness of up to 50 mm and all waxing irons with a width of up to 110 mm. Heat resistant up to 230 C WaxFleece High quality fleece for uniform, sparing wax application. Avoids direct contact between the waxer and ski surface pcs. WaxPro 125 Waxing Machine Waxing machine for fast, even wax application. All pastilles are optimally suited for WaxPro Roll width 125 mm WaxPro 125 Spare Tray incl. roll Roll width 125 mm BETAMIX Pastille RED For all snow types. Most popular base wax in the international World Cup. Suitable for WaxPro P 1kg Waxmask medium Protection from vapour and dust during waxing and brushing Incl. 2 Filters Waxmask Filter Dust and gas filter for waxing mask (24416) pcs. 27

15 SCRAPERS Groove scraper for cross-country and jump skis High quality durable groove scraper with rounded aluminium for cleaning the groove of cross-country and jump skis Racing plastic scraper sharpener Professional device for sharpening plastic scrapers from 3 to 6 mm wide. Can be fastened to the worktable. Comes with a file: CrossFile Mini 100 x 30 mm (20521) Stainless steel scraper Extra sharp stainless steel scraper for edges and base. Extremely long life ,5 x 60 mm Plastic scraper Handy scraper to remove excessive hot wax x 60 x 3 mm Plastic scraper Special World Cup proven scraper x 60 x 5 mm LICENSE TO WIN 28 Image source: HOLMENKOL 29

16 STRUCTURE TOOLS ExpertTip Cross Structure Tool nordic Extremely effective structure tool with two rollers that provide a cross-structure. Greatly enhances gliding on marbled and wet snow Cross Structure KIT nordic Extension kit with four World Cup proven structures. An ideal match for cross structure tool (24485). Content: 0.3 mm and 0.5 mm V-structure, 0.5 mm and 1.0 mm linear structure (comes without structure tool 24485) SynthetikKork Special cork to work in grip wax FinishKork Special cork with felt to finish and polish wax and speed products

17 BRUSHES ExpertTip OvalBrush Steel World Cup proven steel brush for cleaning the base prior to waxing. Used in the World Cup particularly for the first workstep for brushing off hot wax mm OvalBrush Horsehair The ideal brush for applying and brushing out glide wax and Speed- Powder products mm BaseBrush Bronce Coarse bronce brush suitable for cleaning ski surfaces prior to and after waxing and brushing hot waxes. Perfect for exposing the structure. The ideal allround brush mm OvalBrush Bronce Coarse bronce brush suitable for cleaning ski surfaces prior to and after waxing and brushing hot waxes. Perfect for exposing the structure. The ideal all-round brush mm Oval Brush Bronce long wire World Cup proven coarse bronce brush suitable for cleaning ski surfaces prior to and after waxing and brushing hot waxes. Perfect for exposing the structure. Extremely long-lasting. The ideal all-round brush mm ExpertTip ExpertTip BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish Ultra-fine brush to completely reveal the structure. Removes all wax residues deep inside the structure and increases speed. Optimal for finish products. A true must in racing sports mm OvalBrush Steel MicroFinish Ultra-fine brush to completely reveal the structure. Removes all wax residues deep inside the structure and increases speed. Optimal for finish products. A true must in racing sports mm BaseBrush Nylon Nylon brush especially suitable for polishing up finishing products mm BaseBrush Horsehair The ideal brush for applying and brushing out glide wax and Speed- Powder products mm OvalBrush Nylon Nylon brush especially suitable for polishing up finishing products mm 32 33

18 BRUSHES 120 mm 120 mm SpeedBrush Bronce Optimum brush for surface cleaning. Especially suitable for use on new and freshly ground skis. TIP! Brush at low speed and only with working protection (20686) SpeedBrush Fibre All-round brush for brushing all hot wax types mm 120 mm SpeedBrush Horsehair For brushing in case of preparation with glider waxes and speed products SpeedBrush Nylon Nylon brush especially suitable for polishing up finishing products ExpertTip 120 mm SpeedBrush Fleece Seamless fleece roller for optimal, gentle rubbing in of Finish products CLICK SpeedStick Pro II Unique click fast-change mechanism in high-grade stainless steel design. For all SpeedBrush brushes mm SpeedShield Pro II (working protection) Shield for SpeedStick (20685) mm 34 35

19 ACCESSORIES Nordic table set Extension kit for waxing table (20721). Contains profiles, cylinder and binding hooks Bottlebag 1L Drink belt with extra pocket and cup l WaxTisch Alpin/Nordic (similar picture) Robust waxing and service table. Can be extended to become a Nordic table (together with Nordic table set 24437) Comes with 1 pair of profile extensions, ski holders and a high quality bag Dimensions: 110 x 40 cm Wax Profile nordic Robust, precisely fitting clamping device to fasten cross-country skis. Can be installed on any workbench using vices (not part of delivery). Adjustable to ski lengths of between 160 cm and 210 cm. Incl. binding hooks. and cylinder Belt pouch Belt pouch made of sturdy nylon. Suitable for holding Alpine tools and Nordic kick waxes Waxing apron (similar picture) Functional World Cup apron with many handy pockets SkiClip Nordic Handy ski clips. Protect the base and edges of all cross-country skis pcs. Bag for waxing table (similar picture) Bag for waxing table (20721) excludes contents NordicWaxing Spanner Ideal compact ski vice for crosscountry skis. Fastening straight on the binding with adjustable central part Consists of an aluminium body resistant to compression/traction Low weight, compact size Excellent when you re on the go ServiceBox blue Large robust service box with HOLMENKOL logo for TuneUp material and ski wax. With drawers of various sizes. World Cup proven x 180 x 360 mm SkiClip Nordic Racing Handy ski clips. Protects the base and edges of all cross-country racing skis pcs. 37

20 TEXTILE CARE HIGH-TECH EQUIPMENT NEEDS HIGH-TECH CARE WASHING / WATERPROOFING Base Layer ExpertTip TextileWash Special detergent for washing high-quality sports garments and functional clothing. For use with all membrane textiles (e.g. GORE-TEX )*, synthetic fillings (e.g. Thinsulate, Thermolite, Primaloft) and stretch fabrics (e.g. Softshell, fleece) Gently cleans breathable sports clothing Effectively combats the formation of unpleasant odors Does not contain bleach, optical brighteners or fillers, which can clog the garment s pores ExpertTip NaturalWash Gentle special detergent for washing down-filled clothing/sleeping bags and high-quality woolen and merino garments. Gentle, thorough cleaning thanks to high-quality ingredients Retains the typical properties of natural fibers (natural moisture transfer, odor control, natural UV-protection) Retains the natural characteristics of insulation and warmth retention Keeps fillings airy and supple Image source : Nordic Focus Manzoni / Athlete: Kaisa Mäkäräinen TextileProof Special waterproofing for sports and functional clothing. Suitable for all membrane textiles (e.g. GORE-TEX )*, synthetic fillings (e.g. Thinsulate, Thermolite, Primaloft) and elastic fabrics (e.g. Softshell, fleece) Maintains breathability Effective water-repelling and dirtrepelling lotus effect Extremely versatile Easy to use: spray on, allow to dry, ready! LOTUS HYBRID MATRIX UV-COLOUR APPROVED 38 *GORE-TEX is a brand of W.L. Gore&Associates 39

21 TEXTILE CARE HIGH-TECH EQUIPMENT NEEDS HIGH-TECH CARE WATERPROOFING / CARE NoFog High-tech cleaner for glasses and window panes. Effectively prevents condensation, even in extreme damp air Cleans all uncoated glass items Also suitable for visors and special goggles HighTec Proof High-tech waterproofing for all textiles, fabrics and leathers. Suitable for all membrane textiles (e.g. GORE-TEX )*, synthetic fillings (e.g. Thinsulate, Thermolite, Primaloft) and elastic fabrics (e.g. Softshell, fleece) Maintains breathability Effective water-repelling and dirt-repelling lotus effect Extremely versatile (e.g. backpacks, tents) Easy to use: spray on, allow to dry, ready! Especially recommended for shoe care! LOTUS HYBRID MATRIX UV-COLOUR APPROVED SportHygienic Concentrated sports hygiene spray with high tech odor absorber. Actively neutralizes unpleasant odors Fresh lemon fragrance Multifunctional Ideal for shoes, helmets, gloves, sports pads, bags and backpacks 40 Image Souce: HOLMENKOL *GORE-TEX is a brand of W.L. Gore&Associates 41

22 BODY CARE PROTECTION / CARE Warm Feet Warming and nurturing foot balm for cold feet. Special thermal complex already gives you a pleasant and warming feeling straight after application that lasts for hours Speedily absorbed Rich moisturising effect, thanks to the addition of allantoin and urea Premium Lip Balm Protective and caring lipstick. Sun protection factor 20 Protects lips against dehydration and external influences (e.g. UV light). Comes in a practical counter display 42 Image source: Fischer Sports GmbH 43

23 HOW TO USE KNOW- HOW 44 45

24 BASIC PREPARATION FOR NEW SKIS Before you use new skis for the first time, you should give them some basic preparation. This also goes for freshly sharpened and structured skis. This first preparation is important as it enables the wax to penetrate deep into the ski base. Due to mechanical structuring of the base, fine hairs are produced and these are removed by this preparation. As a general rule skis for cold snow must be prepared more frequently and more precisely than those for wet snow. 4 Tip: For basic preparation of cold snow skis, use a hard wax (e.g. RacingMix COLD, alternatively Ultramix BLUE), for basic preparation of wet snow skis, use a softer wax (e.g. Betamix RED, RacingMix MID) Clean the centre groove with the groove scraper when still warm. i For this application you need the following products: PadSet Ref. no p. 24 BaseBrush Bronce Ref. no p. 32 Digital RacingWaxer Thick Plate Ref. no p. 26 Alternatively: ClassicWaxer Ref. no p. 26 Plastic scraper Ref. no p. 28 HOLMENKOL Base Wax p. 19 CareFleece Ref. no p Then scrape the wax in running direction using a plastic scraper. 1 2 Use PadSet (green) to remove fine micro hair from the base. For cold snow skis, rub approx. 10 times. For wet snow skis, omit this step in order to keep the structure sharp. Brush the ski times with the BaseBrush Bronce in running direction, then clean with CareFleece. 6 Brush the ski times with the BaseBrush Copper in running direction. 7 Clean the ski using CareFleece. 3 Wax the ski thoroughly. Set the iron to the temperature specified on the package and iron at an even speed. Repeat this process several times, approximately 5 8 times for cold snow skis and 2 3 times for wet snow skis. The ski is then ready for the track or to continue with race wax

25 GLIDE ZONE PREPARATION WITH RACE WAX Following basic preparation, race wax (RacingMix; SpeedBase Matrix) and SpeedFinish products can be applied. i Preparation with Race wax: For this application you need the following products: Groove scraper Ref. no p. 28 Plastic scraper Ref. no p. 28 BaseBrush Bronce Ref. no p. 32 Alternatively: OvalBrush Steel Ref. no p. 32 BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish Ref. no p. 33 HOLMENKOL Base Wax p. 19 HOLMENKOL Race Wax p. 14/15 Digital RacingWaxer Thick Plate Ref. no p. 26 Alternatively: ClassicWaxer Ref. no p. 26 CareFleece Ref. no p Clean the centre groove with the groove scraper. 4 Evenly apply HOLMENKOL base wax (hydrocarbon) or race wax (RacingMix) using the wax iron (follow the waxing chart!). Please see overleaf for information on SpeedBase. Evenly iron on the wax in running direction. 5 Repeat 2 3 times. Take care not to overheat the ski or to burn the ski base. Tip: To avoid burning the base, you may want to use HOLMENKOL WaxFleece (ref. no ). 6 Clean the centre groove with the groove scraper when still warm Remove old wax residues from the ski base using a sharp plastic scraper (training / base / transport wax). 7 Once the ski has cooled down, scrape the wax in running direction using a plastic scraper. Apply medium pressure. Do not apply too much pressure when scraping, otherwise the base structure may be altered. 2 Brush the ski with the BaseBrush Bronce in running direction 8 Brush off the ski in running direction using the BaseBrush Bronce. Then clean with CareFleece. Alternatively you can also use the OvalBrush Steel. 3 Reveal the structure using the BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish, then remove wax residues using CareFleece. 9 Revealing the structure with the BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish saves precious time during the race! 48 49

26 GLIDE ZONE PREPARATION WITH RACE WAX SPEEDBASE MATRIX: HOLMENKOL speed products are applied following basic preparation (base hydrocarbon wax). i For this application you need the following products: SpeedBase Matrix WET / MID / COLD p. 13 Digital RacingWaxer Thick Plate Ref. no p. 26 Groove scraper Ref. no p. 28 Plastic scraper 3 mm Ref. no p. 28 OvalBrush Steel Ref. no p. 32 BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish Ref. no p. 33 Alternatively: BaseBrush Bronce Ref. no p. 32 CareFleece 50 Ref. no p. 24 SpeedPowder Evenly apply SpeedBase 1 Hybrid Matrix to the gleichmäßig ski... aufstreuen. 5 and scrape off residual wax with the plastic scraper. 2 Clean the groove. 6 Mit OvalBrush Steel bürsten. Alternativ mit BaseBrush Bronce. 3 Fix SpeedBase Matrix with appropriate iron temperature and iron in ( ). 7 In order to reveal the ski microstructure, brush the base again 2 3 times in running direction using the BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish. 4 Clean groove with groove scraper or klister scraper, allow the SpeedBase matrix to cool properly. 8 Clean ski with CareFleece

27 RACING PREPARATION i Preparation with SpeedPowder Matrix: HOLMENKOL speed products are applied following basic preparation (base hydrocarbon wax, RacingMix, SpeedBase matrix). For this application you need the following products: SpeedPowder Matrix WET / MID / COLD p. 6 Digital RacingWaxer Thick Plate Ref. no p. 26 Alternatively: ClassicWaxer Ref. no p. 26 Alternatively: SpeedBrush Fleece Ref. no p. 35 BaseBrush Nylon Ref. no p. 33 BaseBrush Horsehair Ref. no p. 32 BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish Ref. no p. 33 CareFleece Ref. no p Evenly apply a sufficient layer of SpeedPowder to the ski which has previously been prepared with base and race wax. 2 Fix the powder to the base using the wax iron. 5 Fix using the SpeedBrush with max rpm, applying gentle pressure. HOLMENKOL SpeedBase Matrix is applied following basic preparation (base hydrocarbon wax). 6 Allow the powder to cool down again and brush off using the BaseBrush Horsehair Tip: You can scrape SpeedPowder lightly using a plastic scraper. Remove the remaining powder residue with CareFleece. 7 In order to reveal the ski microstructure, brush the base again 2 3 times in running direction using the BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish. This saves precious time during the race! 8 Clean ski with CareFleece. 3 Evenly iron on the layer in running direction. Allow the base to cool. 4 Rub the cooled SpeedPowder coating with the BaseBrush Nylon. Then repeat step

28 RACING PREPARATION Preparation with SpeedBlock: Preparation with SpeedPaste Racing: i For this application you need the following products: SpeedBlock WET / MID / COLD p. 10 Digital RacingWaxer Thick Plate Ref. no p. 26 Alternatively: ClassicWaxer Ref. no p. 26 Alternatively: FinishKork Ref. no p. 30 Alternatively: SpeedBrush Fleece Ref. no p. 35 BaseBrush Horsehair Ref. no p. 32 BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish Ref. no p. 33 CareFleece Ref. no p. 24 i For this application you need the following products: SpeedPaste Racing Ref. no p. 9 FinishKork Ref. no p. 30 Alternatively: SpeedBrush Fleece Ref. no p. 35 BaseBrush Horsehair Ref. no p. 32 BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish Ref. no p. 33 CareFleece Ref. no p After having prepared the ski with Following preparation of the ski with 1 1 base and race wax, apply an even layer base and race wax, apply an adequate of SpeedBlock applying gentle pressure. and even layer of SpeedPaste. Fix SpeedBlock to the base using the wax Work in the layer using the SpeedBrush 2 2 iron. Evenly iron on the layer in running Fleece at a maximum speed of 1200 rpm, direction. Allow the base to cool. applying gentle pressure or using the FinishKork. Alternatively: Fix using the SpeedBrush Fleece at a maximum speed of 1200 rpm, applying gentle pressure or work in using the FinishKork. 3 Brush off SpeedPaste Racing using the BaseBrush Horsehair. 3 Brush off SpeedBlock using the BaseBrush Horsehair. 4 In order to reveal the ski microstructure, brush the base again 2-3 times in running direction using the BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish. Remove remaining SpeedBlock residue using CareFleece. 4 In order to reveal the ski microstructure, brush the base again 2-3 times in running direction using the BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish. Remove remaining SpeedPaste Racing residue using CareFleece. Tip: Repeating these steps several times in a row provides even more abrasion resistance and enhances gliding over long distances. Tip: Repeating these steps several times in a row provides even more abrasion resistance and enhances gliding over long distances 54 55

29 RACING PREPARATION HAND STRUCTURE TOOLS i 1 After having prepared the ski with base and race wax, evenly spray SpeedFinish 2.0 onto the ski from a distance of approx. 20 cm 2 Preparation with SpeedFinish 2.0: For this application you need the following products: SpeedFinish 2.0 WET / MID / COLD p. 8 SpeedBrush Fleece Ref. no p. 35 Alternatively: FinishKork Ref. no p. 30 BaseBrush Horsehair Ref. no p. 32 BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish Ref. no p. 33 CareFleece Ref. no p. 24 After drying, ideally use the SpeedBrush Fleece at a maximum speed of 1200 rpm, applying gentle pressure to work in SpeedFinish 2.0. Alternatively, you may use the FinishKork. i 1 2 Structure adaptation using hand structure tools In racing sport, base structures often need to be adapted to actual conditions at short notice. This can be done using hand structure tools after complete waxing. For this application you need the following products: Cross Structure Tool nordic Ref. no p. 30 Alternatively: Cross Structure KIT nordic Ref. no p. 30 BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish Ref. no p. 33 Use the Nordic cross structure tool for marbled and wet snow. Put the stop against the ski edge and roll from tip to tail while applying even pressure. The Cross Structure KIT can be supplemented by the Cross Structure Tool Nordic. 3 4 Brush off SpeedFinish 2.0 using the BaseBrush Horsehair. In order to reveal the ski microstructure, brush the base again 2 3 times in running direction using the BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish. Remove remaining SpeedFinish 2.0 residue using CareFleece. Tip: Repeating these steps several times in a row provides even more abrasion resistance and enhances gliding over long distances. 3 In order to reveal the ski microstructure, brush the base again 2 3 times in running direction using the BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish. Remove remaining SpeedFinish residue using CareFleece. Tip: The Cross Structure KIT Nordic also contains two linear structures for wet snow and two V-structures for fine-grained to coarse-grained old snow and artificial snow. The Cross Structure Tool Nordic is NOT contained in the Cross Structure KIT. 56 Combination with SpeedPowder Apply SpeedPowder as recommended (pages 52 onwards) and brush off completely. Spray SpeedFinish onto the prepared ski and work in as described in the instructions (see above). 57

30 CLEANING OF THE GLIDE ZONE SKI CLEANING AFTER USING FINISH PRODUCTS i After the run / race, the glide zone of the ski should be cleaned for the next use. For this application you need the following products: Plastic scraper Ref. no p. 28 OvalBrush Steel Ref. no p. 32 Alternatively: BaseBrush Bronce Ref. no p. 32 Digital RacingWaxer Thick Plate Ref. no p. 26 Alternatively: ClassicWaxer Ref. no p. 26 HOLMENKOL Base Wax p. 19 CareFleece Ref. no p. 24 i When using fluorinated finish products, wax absorption of the base may be impaired. nano-cfc Fluor cleaner dissolves fluorine residue without harming the paraffin basis. For this application you need the following products: nano-cfc Fluor Cleaner Ref. no p. 24 CareFleece Ref. no p. 24 Alternatively: CareFleece 50 Ref. no p. 24 BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish Ref. no p Slightly scrape the base using the plastic scraper. 1 Soak FibreFleece or CareFleece with nano-cfc Fluor Cleaner and thoroughly rub on the ski surface. 2 Brush off the base several times in running direction using the OvalBrush Steel or BaseBrush Copper. Remove remaining residue with CareFleece. 2 Then, while the ski is still wet, quickly brush it off with a clean BaseBrush Steel MicroFinish. Brush in running direction. 3 Apply the base wax (e.g., Betamix RED) onto the base and iron on. 3 Remove remaining residue using CareFleece. 4 Scrape the wax in running direction while the ski is still warm. Then thoroughly brush off the ski using the OvalBrush Steel or the BaseBrush Bronce. Tip: Where racing wax or speed waxes are ironed several times into a ski, it can also be be beneficial to clean the ski prior to the racing preparation. The usually results in higher speed and a better running feel.. Tip: If the skis are not used immediately after this step, you may want to iron on a protective or training wax (Betamix RED) to the base. Repeat as needed depending on the degree of damage

31 PREPARATION WITH GRIP BASE PREPARATION WITH GRIP WAX For fine-grained, grainy, old or artificial snow or for runs across longer distances, you should apply Grip Base to enhance abrasion resistance. On fresh snow, it is not necessary to apply a layer of Grip Base as fresh snow is less abrasive. Iron on a layer of Grip Blue or Grip Green instead. i For this application you need the following products: Grip Base Ref. no p. 21 ClassicWaxer Ref. no p. 26 SynthetikKork Ref. no p. 30 i For this application you need the following products: HOLMENKOL Grip depending on type of snow and air temperature p. 21 SynthetikKork Ref. no p Apply a thin layer of Grip Base. 1 Select grip wax to suit current conditions (see page 21 and apply several thin layers. The number and thickness of layers depend on ski hardness, snow type and length of the track. 2 Iron on the layer using the ClassicWaxer and allow to cool. 2 Thoroughly rub off each layer using a cork. 3 Rub off Grip Base using the SyntheticKork. Tip: To enhance gliding, a layer of Grip Blue may be applied onto Grip Base and then ironed on. Allow this layer to cool and rub off using the SyntheticKork

32 PREPARATION WITH KLISTER To enhance abrasion resistance and stability of klister, applying a basic klister is recommended, i.e., Klister Blue. i For this application you need the following products: Klister Blue Ref. no p. 22 ClassicWaxer Ref. no p. 26 HOLMENKOL Klister depending on type of snow and air temperature p. 22 Optional: SynthetikKork Ref. no p As a base, apply Klister Blue. Ideally, apply in a fishbone pattern. 4 Then spread the klister across the grip zone using the klister scraper. 2 Iron on the klister using the ClassicWaxer and allow to cool. 3 Select klister to suit current snow conditions (see table) and evenly apply in a fishbone pattern. The thickness of the layer depends on ski hardness and snow type. Alternatively, the klister may be applied using the heel of the hand and the SyntheticKork. Tip: When applying outdoors or in low outdoor temperatures, slightly warm the klister prior to application

33 CLEANING OF THE GRIP ZONE BASE REPAIR i For this application you need the following products: Klister scraper (contained in every klister package) WaxAb Wax Remover Spray Ref. no p. 24 PadSet Ref. no p. 24 CareFleece Ref. no p Remove grip wax or klister residue from the grip zone using the klister scraper. i You should check the bases of your cross-country skis on a regular basis. Minor defects should be repaired prior to applying the racing preparation. For major damage, please consult an expert. For this application you need the following products: FX-Strips p. 25 Stainless steel scraper Ref. no p. 28 PadSet Ref. no p Thoroughly clean the wax residue from the base (p. 64). 2 Spray on WaxAb and allow time to react. 2 Carefully fill any defects (scratches) with FX-Strips. 3 Soak a pad with cleaner or WaxAb and clean the wax residue from ski base and the side wall. 3 Remove excess FX-Strip material using the stainless steel scraper. 4 Clean the grip zone with cleaner or WaxAb and CareFleece. 4 Smooth the repaired spot using the green pad

34 PREPARATION OF ZERO SKI Skis with a special raised zone have been developed by different manufacturers to ensure perfect skiing at zero degrees. These skis also require brief preparation to ensure the best possible gliding and climbing results. i For this application you need the following products: Sandpaper CareFleece Ref. no p. 24 NoWax AntiIce & Glider Spray Ref. no p The raised zone area is slightly roughened with sandpaper to suit the condition of the snow. Sandpaper with grit size 120 should be used for fresh or fine snow, while grit size 80 is suitable for old and coarse-grained snow. 2 Roughen the raised zone slightly with sandpaper. Remove sanding residue with CareFleece. 3 Then spray the raised zone with NoWax AntiIce & Glider Spray. 4 Tip: The raised zone should be sprayed with NoWax AntiIce & Glider Spray at room temperature about 30 minutes before skiing. Ice may form in the raised zone if the spray has not been allowed to dry well

35 ALL ABOUT SNOW Was die Wachsauswahl beeinflusst If you want to properly prepare your skis, you need to know all about snow! It is no surprise that ski waxing used to be considered almost a black art, comparable with the secrets of medieval alchemists: Snow is infinitely variable, just like nature itself. Its consistency depends on a range of factors like temperature, air humidity, age, and crystalline structure. Advanced ski wax today makes it easy even for beginners to make the right choice, always provided that he or she gets a true picture of the condition of snow and potential changes during the day. Temperature HOLMENKOL was the world s first wax manufacturer to take into account air temperature, snow temperature, type and structure of snow as well as snow and air humidity when developing glide wax. The application temperature of HOLMENKOL glide wax refers to the snow temperature. Due to its higher thermal capacity, the temperature of snow changes much more slowly than that of air, which means that it is more stable even under extreme climatic conditions (e.g., foehn winds). Please note that air and snow temperatures may differ strongly. Snow structure and humidity The structure of the snow gives important pointers for selecting the best wax. Snow granularity and snow moisture both have an impact on the friction and suction of the base. HOLMENKOL differentiates between fresh snow, fine- / coarse-grained, old snow and artificial snow. These snow types can be dry, damp or wet. Each of these combinations has an infl uence on wax selection. For instance, under certain conditions, snow can be very damp, but made up of hard, sharp crystals. For this type of snow, a wax is needed which is highly resistant to abrasion, as well as highly water repellent

36 ALL ABOUT SNOW HOLMENKOL acknowledged the importance of snow consistency to wax development by introducing hybrid technology. Fresh snow Snow at the dew point Old snow This is a simplifi ed description of four basic snow types: Fresh snow Coarse-grained snow (old snow) Crystalline, unaltered snowflakes with delicate crystals. These snowflakes are harder when it is cold and softer when temperatures are milder. The delicate crystals are easily pressed when gliding and produce a friction and suction effect which can be reduced using an appropriate wax formula and suitable base structure. This type of snow has lost its original shape as the result of several freezing and melting processes and is deformed into a snow grain, that is, it has become metamorphous. Most frequent grain sizes range from 1 to 3 mm. The best known coarse-grain snow types are firn and snow crust. Fine-grained snow (old snow) Artificial snow This has already undergone one or more transformation processes due to temperature changes, which have caused the outer crystal tips to melt or tear off so that a granular structure is produced. This kind of snow has a lower suction effect but greater friction effect than fresh snow. Depending on the temperature, the snow can be damp and soggy or dry if it is cold and windy. The abrasive character of this kind of snow creates a challenge for waxing staff. Due to its high density and inhomogeneous shape, this snow is very dull and requires a wax with very high abrasion resistance. A number of transformation processes cause the snow surface to change to crystalline shapes, which enhances the gliding properties and means a softer wax can be used. Despite its unwelcome properties, this is the most common snow type in international competitions

37 GRIP WAX: GRIP AND KLISTER The most important aspect of classical skiing is the choice of the ski. Grip waxes need to satisfy three basic demands: It should have enough tension to prevent the wax joint from being pressed down on the snow while gliding. On the other hand, the ski must be flexible enough to allow the grip wax to be pressed on the ground during kick phases. Due to a thicker wax layer, klister skis should be somewhat stiffer than those for kick wax. As a general rule, hard skis should be used for hard trails and soft skis should be used for soft trails. Experts may help in selecting the appropriate ski and defi ning the grip zone. If you still have problems, a paper test may help Glide Gleitzone Grip Steigzone Glide Gleitzone Kick wax ski Fold a sheet of paper once and place under the grip zone. Evenly strain both skis. A second person then pulls the sheet towards the tip. When the sheet stops, you have the front mark for kick wax. Do the same for the tail area. If the sheet can be pulled beyond the heel end, the grip zone ends and the heel end. 1. Adherence to the base: Ironing or warming the first layer it is recommended. Ironing a thin layer of Base is only necessary for very abrasive snow. When using klister, it is generally recommended to underlay a filmy layer of klister blue. 2. Wax should allow snow crystals to press in: Cold, fresh snow has a fine structure with characteristic hexagonal, sharp-edged crystals. It easily presses into even very hard wax. On the contrary, powder snow influenced by sun, wind and changing temperatures does not usually possess such sharp edges and therefore needs softer wax. Coarse-grained snow cannot be pressed into the thin kick wax layers and therefore klister is used. Klister is softer and is usually applied in thicker layers. It is able to grip onto large crystals with less edges. 3. Wax should release snow crystals: Klister ski You should not use too soft a wax as the snow crystals can get stuck in the wax and freeze. This can result in the formation of calks on the bottom of the ski and in any case leads to reduced gliding properties. A soft layer may have to be covered with a harder one in order to give grip and good gliding properties at the same time. Fold the sheet twice and repeat the process as described for kick wax. Application of HOLMENKOL grip waxes is dependent on air temperature

38 SKI BASE STRUCTURE The base structure (contact surface between ski and snow surface) impacts the gliding properties of the ski. During gliding, the snow crystals produce friction and the water contained in the snow leads to suction. With special base structures, these effects can be reduced or eliminated completely HOLMENKOL structure tools give reversible structures which are marked into the ski base. Using hot wax, these structures can be removed. Like ski wax, structures may be purposefully selected and applied to match current requirements. Different structures are possible: Cold snow fine structure Fine-grained snow and artificial snow medium structure Fine-grained, damp and wet snow coarse structure Examples of structures Marbled and wet snow 0 C / -4 C Fine Medium Coarse Usually the structures are applied by the manufacturer using advanced stone grinders. Stone grinding gives durable structures. Only by re-grinding the skis can this pattern be changed later on. The structure defines the application of the ski. For cross-country skis, three different structure types are available: Linear structure Cross structure Cross structure The Cross Structure KIT Nordic supplementary set (lower picture) contains 4 further structures: However stone ground structures are subject to ageing due to repeated waxing and to use of the ski. Service experts combine various stone and base structures. HOLMENKOL base structure tools»cross Structure Tool Nordic«and»Cross Structure KIT Nordic«help enhance the gliding properties of machine-ground skis or unstructured skis. Dry fine-grained old and artificial snow -2 C / -8 C V-structure 0,3 mm Coarse-grained old and artificial snow -2 C / -8 C V-structure 0,5 mm Damp to wet snow -2 C / and warmer linear structure 1,0 mm Damp to wet snow (rain) -0 C / and warmer guide roll (white) Tip: In order to achieve optimum results, the hand-marked structure is only applied after waxing

39 SAFETY MEASURES DURING WAXING For all HOLMENKOL base, race and speed waxes, information on the processing temperature is included on the packaging. As with any work in the workshop, there are some safety measures and rules which should be observed: Ensure the workshop is well-ventilated. Do not expose wax to naked fl ames or equipment with revealed heating wires. Do not smoke whilst working. Only use special wax irons. Do not exceed the specified wax temperature. (Avoid smoke forming.) Race waxes should be ironed at between 115 C and 140 C, SpeedPowder at between 150 C and 180 C. Higher temperatures are not needed. HOLMENKOL SpeedPowder is NON toxic and DOES NOT harm the environment. At temperatures above 165 C, however, toxic compounds may be produced. Therefore avoid naked fl ames, materials that are glowing hot or equipment with revealed heating wires during work. When working in and brushing off waxes, particulate matter may be produced. Ensure sufficient ventilation during handling and use a mask or other respiratory protection if possible, especially when brushing off. When using spray products, make sure the workshop is sufficiently ventilated. Do not inhale the spray fog. When using base cleaners, make sure the workshop is sufficiently ventilated. Never directly inhale vapours