Prepared for. Alameda County. Public Works Agency. Submitted by: Dowling Associates, Inc. MIG T.Y. Lin International

Transcription

1 Alameda County Pedestrian Master Plan for Unincorporated Areas Prepared for Alameda County Public Works Agency Submitted by: Dowling Associates, Inc. MIG T.Y. Lin International July 2006

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3 ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS Board of Supervisors District 1 - Scott Haggerty, Vice-President District 2 - Gail Steele District 3 - Alice Lai-Bitker District 4 - Nate Miley District 5 - Keith Carson, President Staff Paul Keener, Public Works Agency Ruben Izon, Public Works Agency Technical Advisory Committee/Key Stakeholders Group Art Carrera, Public Works Agency James Chu, Public Works Agency Marita Hawryluk, Community Development Agency Cindy Horvath, Community Development Agency Brooke Kuhn, MS, CHES, Public Health Agency Nathan Landau, AC Transit Roger Marshall, City of Hayward Mona Mena, Public Health Agency Jason Patton, City of Oakland Rochelle Wheeler, Alameda County Transportation Improvement Authority Lucy Wicks, United Seniors of Oakland and Alameda County Consultant Team Alice Chen, Dowling Associates, Inc. John Dowden, Dowling Associates, Inc. Allen Huang, Dowling Associates, Inc. Debbie Chan, Dowling Associates, Inc. Tim Gilbert, MIG Gail Payne, MIG Barnali Ghosh, MIG Steve Fitzsimons, T. Y. Lin International Kamala Parks, Dowling Associates, Inc. Jim Costantini, T. Y. Lin International Funding provided by an Alameda County Measure B grant administered by the Alameda County Transportation Improvement Authority (ACTIA) and TDA Article 3 funds. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS i

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5 TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY...ES-1 Purpose of Master Plan...ES-2 Key Pedestrian Activity Corridors...ES-3 Goals and Policies...ES-3 Implementation Plan...ES-6 Agency Coordination...ES-8 Supporting Documents...ES-8 1. Introduction... 1 Why Walk?... 1 Community Areas... 2 Purpose of Master Plan... 3 Overview of Pedestrian Master Planning Process... 4 Report Organization Walking in Alameda County... 9 Land Use and Development Patterns Pedestrian Characteristics Pedestrian Environment Pedestrian Safety Pedestrian Programs Key Issues Opportunities and Constraints Policies for Pedestrian Travel Current Policy Context Goals and Policies PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS iii

6 Recommended Actions for General Plan Updates Pedestrian Facilities Sidewalks Walkways and Shoulders Corners and Crossings Streetscape Improvements Bus Stops Multi-use Trails and Paths Traffic Calming Implementation Plan Implementation Projects Types of Pedestrian Improvements Implementation Programs Description of Key Pedestrian Projects Appendices...A-1 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 - Age Distribution by Community Area Table 2 - Sidewalk Width Chart Table 3 - Order-of-Magnitude Cost Estimates Table 4 Pedestrian Projects by Project Type Table 5 Pedestrian Project Priorities by Community Table 6 Primary Funding Sources for Pedestrian Projects and Programs.. 59 iv PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Walking is the most basic form of transportation. Most travelers walk during some portion of their journey whether it is from their home to school or between work and home. Pedestrians have the same basic needs as all other travelers: direct, continuous and safe routes to/from their destinations. Nevertheless, pedestrians do have needs that are unique such as shorter travel distances and personal security/safety. In addition to transportation, walking and increased regular physical activity has been shown to substantially reduce the risk of dying of coronary heart disease and decreases the risk of stroke, colon cancer, diabetes, and high blood pressure. With 18% of adults in Alameda County considered obese and another 34% considered overweight, the health benefits of walking go beyond a shift from travel by the automobile. These unincorporated communities of Alameda County represent diverse geographical areas, land development patterns, and populations. At a population of about 136,000 in 2000, the unincorporated areas represent almost ten percent of the total population in Alameda County. Major pedestrian activity areas includes Fairmont Hospital on Foothill Boulevard, Eden Medical Center on Lake Chabot Road, Lake Chabot in Anthony Chabot Regional Park, San Francisco Bay Trail, Iron Horse Trail, Alameda Creek Trail, Castro Valley BART station, Bayfair BART station, Hayward BART station, Castro Valley Library, San Lorenzo Library, Sunol Town Center, and numerous smaller parks, community and senior centers, and schools. In the more urbanized, established communities like Ashland, Cherryland, and San Lorenzo, the land use and development patterns high population densities (over 11,000 persons per square mile), a diversity of land uses, and developed along the original East Bay transit lines encourage and support walking. The high residential densities in some of these communities play an important role in determining how and where these communities choose to travel. People are more likely to walk, ride a bicycle, or take transit in these mixed use communities, which are primarily residential neighborhoods with PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS ES-1

8 commercial areas along the major activity corridors, such as Mission Boulevard, Hesperian Boulevard, and Castro Valley Boulevard. The Pedestrian Master Plan promotes pedestrian safety and access to create more walkable communities in the unincorporated areas of Alameda County. The plan makes providing safe routes to schools and safe routes to transit a high priority for pedestrians. Pedestrians of all ages should be routinely accommodated as part of all transportation projects. While the plan focuses on the pedestrian facilities, pedestrian needs extend beyond the sidewalk. The plan moves toward developing complete streets that accommodate all users. Purpose of Master Plan The purpose of this Pedestrian Master Plan is two-fold: ES-2 To provide a vision of walking in Alameda County to elevate the importance of walking as part of the planning and development process. To identify pedestrian improvement projects to provide a pedestrian-friendly environment for all communities in unincorporated Alameda County. The overall goal of creating a pedestrian-friendly environment for the unincorporated areas of Alameda County is to improve the quality of life. Streets that are attractive to pedestrians, increase street vitality and promote interaction among community members and local businesses. Communities then are able to become more tightknit and familiar to the residents and employees. The quality of the place will rise along with the values of the adjacent properties. The Pedestrian Master Plan will help the County obtain funding and be more competitive for grants. Many grant providers prefer to Highlights of the Plan Establishes Goals and Policies to provide direction for future pedestrian planning Identifies Projects and Program for Implementation Promotes Agency Coordination Includes Project Fact Sheets for funding applications Supporting Documents, including Pedestrian Design Guidelines and ADA Transition Plan PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

9 award monies to local jurisdictions that have a planningbased process for selecting their projects. Key Pedestrian Activity Corridors The unincorporated areas of Alameda County represent diverse communities ranging from older, urbanized areas, such as San Lorenzo, Ashland, and Cherryland, along the San Francisco Bay to the suburban residential communities of Castro Valley and Fairview in the East Bay hills to the rural communities of East County and Sunol. In the urbanized areas, residents walk to schools, senior centers, transit stops, and shops in their community. With Bay Trail, Ridge Trail, Lake Chabot and other regional recreation areas and trails in Alameda County, walking also serves as a recreational activity. The Pedestrian Master Plan establishes Key Pedestrian Activity Corridors as shown in Figure ES-1 to connect public facilities, such as schools, parks, and government offices, as well as neighborhoods and commercial districts. Goals and Policies The Pedestrian Master Plan identifies goals and policies for future pedestrian planning. For the purpose of this plan, the goals and policies are defined as the following: Goals are broad expressions of long-term vision that guide the plan and express the desired direction of pedestrian planning. Policies are more specific statements of how to accomplish the vision and identify specific targets to measure the attainment of a specific goal. This Pedestrian Master Plan seeks to elevate the importance of walking in Alameda County. These goals reflect the desire of these communities to move forward to improve the walking environment. The policies show that walking should be encouraged due to its positive impacts on the environment, physical and mental fitness, and neighborhood cohesion. Special attention was given to school, senior center, disabled and transit access because pupils, senior citizens, disabled citizens and transit passengers tend to rely on walking for PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS ES-3

10 transportation purposes. However, improvements to the pedestrian environment benefit all people regardless of their primary mode of travel because everyone is a pedestrian for at least a portion of their journeys. ES-4 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

11 Sunol Land Uses Sunol Survey Streets Sunol Streets Industrial Eden Isabel Arroyo Greenville Figure ES-1: Key Pedestrian Activity Corridors r $ ð þ BART stations Senior Centers Community Cntrs / Libraries School Police Stations Ñ Hospital Fire Stations Ped Collisions ( ) Ñ Survey Streets Government Bldgs Landmark Parks Streets Unincorporated Area þ þ GRANT BOCKMAN $ $ Ñ þ$ r PASEO GRANDE BAY FAIR MALL $ LEWELLING HESPERIAN 150TH Ñ Ñ ASHLAND Ñ 159TH ANTHONY CHABOT REGIONAL PARK þ FAIRMONT FOOTHILL Ñ $ þ A ð MIRAMAR 14THMISSION STANDISH MEEKLAND 164TH 167TH BLOSSOM SUNSET LAUREL A þ LAKE CHABOT STANTON Ñ Ñ SEVEN HILLS SOMERSET þ ANITA WOODBINE r GROVE $ PROCTOR Ñ REDWOOD SEAVIEW SEVEN HILLS B CENTER HEYER NATURE CENTER SULFUR CREEK þ CASTRO VALLEY EAST D CROW CANYON FAIRVIEW CASTRO VALLEY FIVE CANYONS þ VILLAREAL PALOMARES r Ped Collision ( ) Land Uses Park School Survey Streets Streets Hayward Boundary Clawiter Middle Winton Mountain Hous r Clawiter Altamont Pass Depot Depot Las Positas Vineyard Mines Tesla $ % Railroad station $ Park Retail School r Ped Collisions ( ) % Kilkare Bond Foothill Pleasanton Sunol Vallecitos Del Valle $ East County Land Uses $ park school Survey Streets Streets - East County Alameda County Railroad Main Niles r Niles Calaveras $ Welch Creek PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS ES-5

12 Pedestrian Master Plan Goals Goal 1 Goal 2 Goal 3 Improve access and circulation for all pedestrians Reduce pedestrian collisions and provide a safer walking environment Promote land uses and urban design that support a pleasant environment for walking Goal 4 Establish guidelines and recommendations for agency coordination Goal 5 Encourage walking through education and outreach Specific actions to implement these recommended policies are in the following section under the implementation plan. As a planning document, goals and policies established in the Pedestrian Master Plan will be referenced in General Plan updates, including the Eden Area Plan and the Castro Valley Plan. Pedestrian policies should be referenced not only under transportation policies, but as part of land use, urban design, health care, open space, and parks and recreation policies. Walking should be considered as a primary mode of transportation. Implementation Plan The implementation plan includes the following: Candidate Projects and Programs Selection Criteria and Weighting Project Lists by project type and community Funding Sources Project Fact Sheets A full range of pedestrian projects and programs were identified. CANDIDATE PROJECTS AND PROGRAMS The plan identifies over 130 candidate projects and several programs, which represent several types of improvement projects and cover all unincorporated areas in Alameda County. These candidate projects prioritized and are listed by project type and community location. Costs were determined for these projects, except for about 23 of these projects that still need to be refined to ES-6 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

13 determine costs. These candidate projects Project Categories would cost the County over $187 million to Sidewalk/Walkway Improvements implement. While the Crossing Improvements County has secured funding in the amount Safe Routes to School Projects of $70 million, the funding shortfall for Streetscape Improvements these candidate projects is estimated at Safe Routes to Transit Projects about $117 million. These cost estimates Trail Corridors represent only a portion of the approximately Education/Outreach Programs $400 million needed to fill all sidewalk gaps, provide curb ramps, and improve pedestrian access to all schools and transit stops throughout the county. Potential funding sources are identified and include federal, state, regional and local sources. KEY PEDESTRIAN PROJECTS Key pedestrian projects in unincorporated areas of Alameda County, including the following: Western Boulevard Trail Corridor Study Coliseum BART to Bay Trail Connector Marshall Elementary School Safe Routes to School Stanton Elementary School Safe Routes to School Fairview Elementary School Safe Routes to School Sunol Glen School Safe Routes to School Buena Vista Avenue Safe Routes to Transit Castro Valley Boulevard Streetscape Improvements Hesperian Boulevard Streetscape Improvements Lewelling Boulevard Streetscape Improvements Grant Avenue Streetscape Improvements Hillcrest Knolls Walkability Study PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS ES-7

14 Agency Coordination The importance of agency coordination cannot be stressed enough. For successful pedestrian planning to occur in these unincorporated communities, the public agencies need to work together to plan for and construct pedestrian facilities as well as promote walking. This involves public works and planning, including redevelopment, as well as public health, who are the advocates for increased walking and walkability of these communities. Public Works Community Development/ Redevelopment Public Health Law Enforcement Supporting Documents In addition to the Pedestrian Master Plan, several supporting documents were prepared as part of the plan development: Walk/Bike Public Input Survey Results ES-8 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

15 Summary of Field Inventory Findings Existing Conditions Report Review of Plans and Policies Pedestrian Design Guidelines Streetscape Toolkit Americans with Disabilities Act Transition Plan Guidelines Community Outreach Summary These documents are available from the Alameda County Public Works Agency. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS ES-9

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17 1. INTRODUCTION The unincorporated areas of Alameda County represent diverse communities ranging from older, urbanized areas, such as San Lorenzo, Ashland, and Cherryland, along the San Francisco Bay to the suburban residential communities of Castro Valley and Fairview in the East Bay hills to the rural communities of East County and Sunol. In the urbanized areas, residents walk to schools, senior centers, transit stops, and shops in their community. With Bay Trail, Ridge Trail, Lake Chabot and other regional recreation areas and trails in Alameda County, walking also serves as a recreational activity. The Pedestrian Master Plan promotes pedestrian safety and access to create more walkable communities in the unincorporated areas of Alameda County. It establishes Key Pedestrian Activity Corridors to connect schools, parks, neighborhoods and commercial districts. Why Walk? Walking is the most basic form of transportation. Most travelers walk during some portion of their journey whether it is from their home to school or between work and home. Pedestrians have the same basic needs as all other travelers: direct, continuous and safe routes to/from their destinations. Nevertheless, pedestrians do have needs that are unique such as shorter travel distances and personal security/safety. The increasing public health concern of obesity has put walking and walkable communities on the forefront of planning. County health statistics indicate that 18% of adults in Alameda County are obese and another 34% are overweight. A preponderance of evidence supports the link of physical activity and obesity with diabetes, heart disease, and stroke. Increased physical activity on a regular basis can lower risks of developing coronary heart disease, stroke, high blood pressure, and colon cancer by half. Walkable neighborhoods also make communities more livable and improve the quality of life. As the roadways in Alameda County become more congested walking provides PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 1

18 an alternative to the automobile and supports public transit services. A complete pedestrian network of sidewalks, walkways and trails provides an additional mobility option for residents and visitors of the unincorporated areas. Individuals will be encouraged to walk as the convenience of walking increases. Consequently, individuals then will lead more active and healthy lives in a more safe and attractive environment. Community Areas This plan covers the unincorporated areas of Alameda County, including the islands of unincorporated areas that are entirely surrounded by the cities of Dublin, Pleasanton, and Livermore. The unincorporated communities are spread throughout Alameda County, as shown in Figure 1. These communities include Ashland, Cherryland, Castro Valley, East County, Fairview, Hillcrest Knolls, Mount Eden, San Lorenzo, and Sunol. Figure 1: Unincorporated Areas of Alameda County 2 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

19 Purpose of Master Plan The purpose of this Pedestrian Master Plan is two-fold: To provide a vision of walking in Alameda County to elevate the importance of walking as part of the planning and development process. To identify pedestrian improvement projects to provide a pedestrian-friendly environment for all communities in unincorporated Alameda County. The overall goal of creating a pedestrian-friendly environment for the unincorporated areas of Alameda County is to improve the quality of life. Streets that are attractive to pedestrians, increase street vitality and promote interaction among community members and local businesses. Communities then are able to become more tight-knit and familiar to the residents and employees. The quality of the place will rise along with the values of the adjacent properties. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 3

20 The Pedestrian Master Plan will help the County obtain funding and be more competitive for grants. Many grant providers prefer to award monies to local jurisdictions that have a planning-based process for selecting their projects. Overview of Pedestrian Master Planning Process The Pedestrian Master Plan was developed over a 20-month period through a process that involved the following: Community Outreach Field Inventory Needs Assessment Design Guidelines Goals and Policies Implementation Plan The Community Outreach involved a series of presentations at public meetings at key points during the planning process as well as the Walk/Bike Public Input Survey that was distributed throughout the county. The emphasis of the Pedestrian Master Plan was to develop a list of pedestrian improvements. The approach used to develop this list of projects is illustrated in Figure 2. Given the geographic area of the unincorporated areas, the first step was to identify Key Pedestrian Activity Corridors (as shown in Figure 3 for the Eden area and Castro Valley) to focus the data collection efforts. Figure 2: Pedestrian Master Plan Project Approach The results of the data collection efforts are summarized in the Existing Conditions Report, which covers the first 4 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

21 three circled areas pedestrian routes, pedestrian system inventory and pedestrian system deficiencies. The existing conditions have been summarized in Chapter 2, but the full report has also been included as part of the supporting technical documents. The existing conditions were presented at the County staff meeting, the Technical Advisory Committee meeting, and Key Stakeholders meeting as well as at community meetings for review and comment. The next step was development of the draft Pedestrian Design Guidelines, which provides the technical details on the design standards for pedestrian facilities in Alameda County. This document, which has been included as part of the supporting technical documents, was reviewed by County staff and the Technical Advisory Committee. The final step was to prepare the Implementation Plan that contains a preliminary list of candidate pedestrian improvement projects, project prioritization (as shown as the fourth circled area in Figure 2) and potential funding source. This draft Implementation Plan was presented to agency staff and the Technical Advisory Committee for review and comment. Key pedestrian projects were identified from the list of candidate projects. This draft Pedestrian Master Plan document (final circled area in Figure 2).was prepared from these previous documents. The final Pedestrian Master Plan, which will incorporate the input received from the pubic and the Board of Supervisors, will be prepared for Board adoption. The final Pedestrian Master Plan will include the accompanying technical reports and documents as well as the Project Fact Sheets for the high priority projects. An environmental initial study will be prepared to take a proactive approach to environmental work. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 5

22 Sunol Land Uses Sunol Survey Streets Sunol Streets Industrial Eden Isabel Arroyo Greenville Figure 3: Key Pedestrian Activity Corridors r $ ð þ BART stations Senior Centers Community Cntrs / Libraries School Police Stations Ñ Hospital Fire Stations Ped Collisions ( ) Ñ Survey Streets Government Bldgs Landmark Parks Streets Unincorporated Area þ þ GRANT BOCKMAN $ $ Ñ þ$ r PASEO GRANDE BAY FAIR MALL $ LEWELLING HESPERIAN 150TH Ñ Ñ ASHLAND Ñ 159TH ANTHONY CHABOT REGIONAL PARK þ FAIRMONT FOOTHILL Ñ $ þ A ð MIRAMAR 14THMISSION STANDISH MEEKLAND 164TH 167TH BLOSSOM SUNSET LAUREL A þ LAKE CHABOT STANTON Ñ Ñ SEVEN HILLS SOMERSET þ ANITA WOODBINE r GROVE $ PROCTOR Ñ REDWOOD SEAVIEW SEVEN HILLS B CENTER HEYER NATURE CENTER SULFUR CREEK þ CASTRO VALLEY EAST D CROW CANYON FAIRVIEW CASTRO VALLEY FIVE CANYONS þ VILLAREAL PALOMARES r Ped Collision ( ) Land Uses Park School Survey Streets Streets Hayward Boundary Clawiter Middle Winton Mountain Hous r Clawiter Altamont Pass Depot Depot Las Positas Vineyard Mines Tesla $ % Railroad station $ Park Retail School r Ped Collisions ( ) % Kilkare Bond Foothill Pleasanton Sunol Vallecitos Del Valle $ East County Land Uses $ park school Survey Streets Streets - East County Alameda County Railroad Main Niles r Niles Calaveras $ Welch Creek 6 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

23 The Pedestrian Master Plan should be referenced in updates to the General Plan documents. Pedestrian policies should be referenced not only in transportation policies, but as part of land use, urban design, open space, and parks and recreation policies in future updates to the general plan documents. Walking should be considered as a primary mode of transportation and pedestrians should be routinely accommodated as part of all transportation projects, both during and post-construction. To achieve the goals and policies of decreasing auto dependence, walking should be elevated as a primary form of transportation in General Plan documents. Report Organization The Pedestrian Master Plan has been organized into two separate volumes. This document represents the first volume and has been organized to include the following chapters: Chapter 1: Introduction Chapter 2: Walking in Alameda County Chapter 3 Policies for Pedestrian Travel Chapter 4: Pedestrian Facilities Chapter 5: Implementation Plan The second accompanying volume includes supporting technical documents that were developed as part of the development of the Pedestrian Master Plan. Volume II includes the following documents: A. Walk/Bike Public Input Survey Results B. Summary of Field Inventory Findings C. Existing Conditions Report D. Review of Plans and Policies E. Pedestrian Design Guidelines F. Streetscape Toolkit G. ADA Transition Plan PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 7

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25 2. WALKING IN ALAMEDA COUNTY These unincorporated communities represent diverse geographical areas, land development patterns, and populations. Major pedestrian activity areas includes Fairmont Hospital on Foothill Boulevard, Eden Medical Center on Lake Chabot Road, Lake Chabot in Anthony Chabot Regional Park, San Francisco Bay Trail, Castro Valley BART station, Bayfair BART station, Hayward BART station, Castro Valley Library, San Lorenzo Library, Sunol Town Center, and numerous smaller parks, community and senior centers, and schools. In the urbanized communities, the land use and development patterns high population densities, a diversity of land uses, and transit-oriented designs encourage and support walking. The high residential densities in some of these communities play an important role in determining how and where these communities choose to travel. Ashland and Cherryland are the most densely populated communities, averaging over 11,000 persons per square mile in In contrast, Castro Valley and Fairview only had approximately 3,600 persons per square mile. The County, inclusive of incorporated cities, had a density of 2,000 persons per square miles. People are more likely to walk, ride a bicycle, or take transit in these mixed use communities, which are primarily residential neighborhoods with commercial areas along the major corridors. Research has shown that the presence of neighborhood retail was more important than residential densities (although both play a significant role) in determining the likelihood that a person will choose walking or biking. 2 The centers of the older, established communities were developed around transit, in particular the railroads. AC Transit buses and BART trains serve these communities, in particular, Ashland, Cherryland, San Lorenzo, and Castro Valley. Improving access to transit through transit-oriented design has been shown to increase pedestrian and bicycle 1 County of Alameda, Eden Area General Plan Existing Condition Report, Cervero, Robert Mixed Land-Uses and Commuting: Evidence from the American Housing Survey. Transportation Research. Part A, Policy and Practice. Vol. 30A, no. 5 Sept PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 9

26 trips when compared to automobile-oriented neighborhoods. 3 Pedestrians have differing preferences. Some individuals prefer to walk in solitude along separated paths while others feel more comfortable walking along crowded streets. Some pedestrians such as children, individuals with disabilities and elderly persons are more vulnerable than others due to their slower speeds, less predictable behavior or smaller sizes. Other pedestrians can cross a street in half the time that it may take an elderly person or a person with a disability. The topography also is an important factor, where the residents in the hilly areas may be less likely to walk in their neighborhoods. In Alameda County, motor vehicles are the predominant mode of transportation however, some residents in Eden area communities have a low auto ownership compared to other Bay Area communities. Limited transit options exist in East County and Sunol, while walking rates are higher in areas served by AC Transit buses. Adjacent property owners may have planted trees, decorative fencing or landscaping within the pedestrian right-of-way. Thus, sidewalk improve-ments need to be analyzed on a case-by-case basis and should try to minimize the impact on the adjacent property owner. Community and consensus building is essential before any major street changes Tree encroaches in roadway (Mt. such as traffic calming, circulation Eden) pattern adjustments and sidewalk/curb ramp installations are implemented, especially because some residents may prefer the rural character roadway without curb, gutter and sidewalk. 3 Cervero, Robert and Roger Gorham Commuting in Transit Versus Automobile Neighborhoods. Journal of the American Planning Association. Vol. 61, no. 2 (spring 1995). 10 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

27 Land Use and Development Patterns The land use patterns in many of these urban communities support and encourage walking. In Alameda County, the 3 Ds high residential densities, a diversity of uses, and transit-oriented design converge mainly along the arterials, such as Hesperian Boulevard, East 14 th Street, and Castro Valley Boulevard, where commercial and office areas, transit routes, libraries, hospitals, and schools exist. These communities are served by the Castro Valley BART station, Bayfair BART station, and Hayward BART station. Many of these communities are primarily residential with commercial uses along major transportation corridors, such as Mission Boulevard in Ashland and Cherryland, Castro Valley Boulevard in Castro Valley, Foothill Boulevard in El Portal Ridge and Hillcrest Knolls, Hesperian Boulevard in San Lorenzo, and East Avenue in Livermore. Most of these urbanized communities have local activity centers, such as schools, senior centers, and parks that draw from the surrounding neighborhood. In East County and Sunol, the rural character with low residential densities and little or no public transit service results in longer walking distances and limited pedestrian facilities. However, these communities offer many opportunities for walking for recreation or for health and fitness. Rural roadway with narrow shoulder (Sunol) AC Transit buses serve Ashland, Cherryland, San Lorenzo, Mount Eden, Castro Valley, and Fairview areas with bus stops generally every few blocks. However, bus pads and shelters are not common in these areas and frequency and hours of service is poor, providing many opportunities to improve access to and at bus stops. Wheels/LAVTA transit service in East County and Sunol is also limited. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 11

28 Pedestrian Characteristics Using U.S. Census data (2000), which highlighted only the unincorporated areas of Ashland, Cherryland, Castro Valley, Fairview, and San Lorenzo, demographics were assembled to provide an understanding of those that are most likely to walk in these communities, in particular school-age children and seniors. In addition to the Census data, the results of the public input survey, which was distributed throughout the county, have been incorporated. The full description of the survey results is provided in Volume II. Key findings from the Census data that affect walking are summarized below. Population The average population growth rate was 13% between 1990 and 2000 with higher rates in Ashland and Cherryland. The population in unincorporated Alameda County is projected to increase by 21% from 2000 to Table 1 shows the age distribution by community area. School-age (5 to 17 years) population represented 18% of the total population in 2000, while seniors (65 years and older) represented 13% of the total population in Most seniors and school-age children reside in Castro Valley and San Lorenzo. 12 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

29 Table 1 - Age Distribution by Community Area Total Under 5 years 5-17 years Community Area Alameda County Total 1,279,182 1,443,741 95,932 98, , ,194 Unincorporated Total 119, ,770 9,055 9,214 19,123 25,082 Unincorporated Subarea Ashland 16,590 20,793 1,529 1,832 2,361 4,085 Castro Valley 48,619 57,292 3,378 3,266 7,535 10,328 Cherryland 11,088 13,837 1,009 1,237 1,675 2,496 Fairview 9,045 9, ,526 1,753 San Lorenzo 19,987 21,898 1,372 1,336 3,248 4,172 East County/Remainder 14,553 12,480 1,097 1,012 2,778 2, years years 65 and over Study Area Alameda County Total 745, ,713 94, , , ,591 Unincorporated Total 64,422 73,184 10,783 10,924 16,499 17,366 Unincorporated Subarea Ashland 9,473 11,736 1,143 1,245 2,084 1,895 Castro Valley 25,727 30,285 4,677 5,018 7,302 8,395 Cherryland 6,288 7, ,360 1,313 Fairview 5,164 5, ,115 San Lorenzo 9,860 11,190 2,218 1,696 3,289 3,504 East County/Remainder 7,910 6,924 1,169 1,152 1,599 1,144 Note: Remainder includes the rest of unincorporated Alameda County. Source: 1990 and 2000 Census (Summary File 1) Median Household Income Median incomes in Castro Valley ($64,900) and Fairview ($76,600) were significantly higher than the overall County average of about $64,900, while median incomes in Ashland ($40,800) and Cherryland ($42,900) were below the County average. In San Lorenzo, the median income of $56,200 was similar to the County average. Auto Availability On average, almost all households (94%) in unincorporate d Alameda PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 13 Family walking on sidewalk (Ashland)

30 County have at least one vehicle available. In Castro Valley, Fairview, and San Lorenzo, more than half (66% to 75%) of the households have two or more vehicles available. In Ashland and Cherryland, ten percent of the households do not have a vehicle available. Trip Purpose 70% of public input survey respondents walked for the purpose of social, recreation, or fitness. 30% of respondents cited either school or shopping, while only 17% indicated that work was the purpose of their walk trip. Travel Mode Despite a decrease (13%) between 1990 and 2000 in the number of walking trips to work for Alameda County as a whole, the number of walking trips in the unincorporated areas increased by 7.6%. The walk-to-work mode share as a percentage of all trips to work was lower in unincorporated Alameda County (1.8%) as compared to the County as a whole (3.2 %). The transit share is more than 3.5 times higher than the walk share in unincorporated Alameda County. The number of public transportation trips grew by over ten percent between 1990 and Much of the increase in walking trips were by residents in Ashland and San Lorenzo, which saw growth percentages of approximately 42% and 36%, respectively, which compares to the more modest growth of 6% in the relatively large community of Castro Valley and 10% in the remainder of the unincorporated area. Nonetheless, Fairview and Cherryland had experienced a drop by 60% and 48%, respectively, during the same period. Pedestrian Environment A public input survey was conducted. Details of the survey results are provide in 14 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS Dirt Pathway (Mount Eden)

31 the Appendix. The survey which was distributed throughout the County provided an opportunity for the public to identify issues and problems faced when walking. At the time facilities were built, they met the existing codes however, under the most recent ADA guidelines, some streets no longer comply. The pedestrian environment includes sidewalks, walkways, crosswalks, and curb ramps as well as pedestrian amenities such as street trees, street lights, buffer zones between traffic and sidewalks, and building frontage zones. These facilities are located within the public right-of-way. Many of the roadways in these unincorporated communities do not have concrete sidewalks with curb and gutter improvements, which tend to occur only as the properties are developed. Dirt pathways along the paved roadway provide pedestrian access in some of these communities, while in rural areas, multi-purpose shoulders serve as the pedestrian access route. Many of the County s existing intersections incorporate curb ramps as required by ADA for pavement overlay projects however, they do not always connect with sidewalks, which are improved as the property is developed. The County also has about 40 mid-block crossings. Typical crosswalks in the county are delineated by two parallel white or yellow lines. All 90 traffic signals in unincorporated Alameda County are designed with pedestrian-activated crossing indicators. Pedestrian countdown signals are now the standard being installed on all traffic signals in the county. In Alameda County, traffic signals are timed to allow pedestrians to cross at 3.5 feet per second, allowing a longer time than Caltrans standard of 4 feet per second. Pedestrian Safety Security and fear of motor vehicles and drivers were each cited by about 25% of survey respondents as the reason for not walking more. Pedestrian-involved motor vehicle collisions as reported in the Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System (SWITRS) between 1998 and 2003 were PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 15

32 analyzed. This data was balanced with feedback from community in form of public outreach meetings and public opinion survey. Key findings are summarized as follows: The average number of pedestrian-related collisions between 1998 and 2003 was 42 collisions per year. 69% of the pedestrian-involved collisions occurred while pedestrians were crossing the road either in crosswalks at intersections (32%), in crosswalks not at intersections (mid-block) (4%), or not in crosswalks (33%). Teenagers, followed by adults in their early forties, were most likely to be involved in pedestrian-related collisions. Most collisions occurred along major corridors, such as Hesperian Boulevard, Mission Boulevard, and Castro Valley Boulevard as shown in Figure 4. Pedestrian collisions spiked during the afternoon commute hours. For school-age children, the most collisions occurred immediately after school ends between 3 p.m. and 4 p.m. The highest incidents for seniors occurred between 9 a.m. and 10 a.m. Pedestrian Programs A host of pedestrian programs ranging from education and marketing to enforcement are available to residents. These programs include the following: Health Department programs include the walking school bus and walk to school week. United Seniors of Oakland and Alameda County s Walkable Neighborhoods for Seniors, whose goal is to increase safety and the awareness of the benefits of walking for older adults, particularly in Oakland, Cherryland, and Ashland. Safe Routes to School Walk to School Week Safe Routes to Transit and Designing with Transit provides a toolkit to improve connections and access to AC Transit. Neighborhood Traffic Calming Program to slow traffic in residential areas. 16 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

33 Suggested Routes to School Alameda County Sidewalk Construction Program Walkability Surveys PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 17

34 Figure 4: Reported Pedestrian-Involved Collisions 18 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

35 Key Issues Issues related to the current condition of these facilities were based on the field inventory and public input survey, summaries of which can be found in Volume II. Key issues will be addressed by pedestrian planning efforts to improve pedestrian facilities and increase walking. The key issues can be summarized as follows: Sidewalks and Walkways With the exception of San Lorenzo, the majority of the streets lack sidewalks or have discontinuous sidewalks. Poor sidewalk conditions, including uneven surfaces, were cited as one of the main reasons those surveyed did not walk more. Roadways without curb and gutter only have shoulders or the street for the walkway. Some residents may prefer the rural style roadway without curb, gutter and sidewalk improvements, particularly in Sunol and East County and parts of Castro Valley and Fairview. In the older Eden area communities, adjacent property owners may have planted trees, decorative fencing or landscaping within the public right-ofway. Parking across pedestrian access routes is common in areas where vertical curbs do not exist. Crossings Many existing intersections incorporate curb ramps. Major arterials (such as East 14th Street/Mission Boulevard, Castro Valley Boulevard, Redwood Road, Hesperian Boulevard, Foothill Boulevard, Lewelling Boulevard) with high traffic volumes and multiple traffic and turning lanes are more difficult for pedestrians to cross. Lengthy crossing distances at major intersections, for example Hesperian Boulevard in San Lorenzo. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 19

36 School Access Transit Connections In some communities, school access routes lack sidewalks, school signage, and marked crossings. Walk and bus access to Castro Valley, Bayfair, and Hayward BART stations AC Transit bus stop access particularly on the Transbay routes, such as School signage near Sunol Glen School Hesperian Boulevard, Lake Chabot Road, Redwood Road, and Seven Hills Road. Wheels/LAVTA provides limited bus service to the Livermore Valley area. ADA Accessibility Requirements Curb ramps need to meet current ADA guidelines, which includes truncated domes as detectable Example of ADA barriers at intersection of warnings Hampton and Meekland (Cherryland) at the bottom of ramps. Sidewalk gaps and encroachment improvements required to maintain accessibility Trails Trails are part of the pedestrian network and also serve as pedestrian activity centers. Existing trails include the San Francisco Bay Trail, Bay Area Ridge Trail, Alameda Creek Trail, and Iron Horse Trail. 20 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

37 Access to pedestrian and bicycle trails in the adjacent incorporated cities of East County is a major concern for residents in unincorporated areas of East County. Connections from the surrounding communities to these trails are needed. Local connectors to trails, including access to Bay Trail from Grant Avenue area in San Lorenzo which is circuitous and needs improvement. Trail around Lake Chabot The San Lorenzo Creek corridor was considered as a pedestrian trail however, due to community opposition, the project is on hold and may be revisited at a later date. Traffic Calming Traffic calming measures to improve safety, encourage pedestrian activity and increase the vitality in downtown shopping districts. Residents concerned about high speeds in residential areas, particularly in Eden area and Castro Valley, and along major arterials, such as Redwood Road and Castro Valley Boulevard. Pedestrian Amenities Need for street trees, landscaping, and pedestrianscale lights. Exercise parks Most sidewalks on the Pedestrian Activity Corridors in these communities do not have planted buffer zones between the roadway and sidewalk. Opportunities and Constraints There are many opportunities and some constraints to improving the pedestrian environment and addressing some PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 21

38 of the issues identified from field inventory and public input survey of existing conditions. Opportunities The high population densities and proximity to retail and commercial uses in the Eden area support walking as an alternative mode of travel. Schools, parks, senior and community centers are high pedestrian activity centers that draw from the local community. Several on-going projects and plans are already addressing such issues as the sidewalk gaps and streetscape improvements. Programs, such as Walkable Neighborhoods for Seniors, are already in place to promote the benefits of walking. Neighborhood Traffic Calming Program to address speeding in residential areas. Constraints Limited financial resources for much needed pedestrian improvement projects. Limited right-of-way widths on County roadways for streetscape improvements. Project consensus Existing development patterns that result in discontinuou s and mismatched sidewalks. Need to coordinate with adjacent cities as well as the East Bay Regional Park District, Discontinuous Sidewalk (Mount Eden) Hayward Area Recreation District (HARD) and Association of Bay Area Governments (ABAG) Bay Trail to provide continuity and consistency in the pedestrian network. 22 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

39 3. POLICIES FOR PEDESTRIAN TRAVEL This chapter presents the policies to direct pedestrian planning efforts. A detailed review of the current policy context was conducted as part of the planning process. This chapter presents a brief summary of the current policy context and the recommended goals and policies. Volume II includes the full policy language with actions. Current Policy Context The current policy direction for pedestrian planning can be found in the Eden Area Livability Initiative, Redevelopment Agency plans, and the Alameda County General Plan documents. The County also conducted a number of specific plans for targeted areas. Regional land use, transportation, and environmental planning efforts and processes were reviewed for possible coordination opportunities when implementing this plan. Pedestrian planning is conducted by several County agencies as well as regional agencies, particularly for the trails. The Public Works Agency is responsible for the review and approval of pedestrian facilities however, the Community Development Agency and the Redevelopment Agency are responsible for the planning. Inter- and intraagency coordination will be a key part of the pedestrian planning process. The Eden Area Livability Initiative has developed a set of principles to guide future planning efforts in the Eden Area. (See Figure 5) These principles provide a vision for the Eden Area, which includes all unincorporated communities between the bay and Castro Valley and Pleasanton Ridge. The Alameda County General Plan consists of a number of elements, both geographical and functional. Policies that relate to pedestrian planning were typically found under the Transportation or Circulation, Urban Design, Land Use, Open Space and Recreation, and Public Utilities, Facilities and Services. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 23

40 Figure 5: Eden Area Livability Initiative Livability Principles 24 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

41 The Alameda County General Plan is geographically divided into the following three area plans that include land use and transportation: Castro Valley Plan, last amended April 4, East County Area Plan, adopted May 5, 1994, last amended November Eden Area Plan, adopted November 3, The Castro Valley Plan and Eden Area Plan are currently being updated. The General Plan also includes countywide functional elements, such as the Resource Conservation, Open Space, and Agriculture Element (ROSA). Within the policy context, this Pedestrian Master Plan serves to develop pedestrian policies to make the General Plans consistent and develops one set of policies. Goals and Policies Based on our review of the adopted County polices and pedestrian plans from other jurisdictions, this section presents goals and policies that are recommended for the Pedestrian Master Plan. Specific actions to implement these recommended policies are in the following section under the implementation plan. For the purpose of this plan, the goals and policies are defined as the following: Goals are broad expressions of long-term vision that guide the plan and express the desired direction of pedestrian planning. Policies are more specific statements of how to accomplish the vision and identify specific targets to measure the attainment of a specific goal. Pedestrian policies should reflect the current thinking about the role of walking in our communities. This Pedestrian Master Plan seeks to elevate the importance of walking in Alameda County. These goals reflect the desire of these communities to move forward to improve the walking environment. The policies show that walking should be encouraged due to its positive impacts on the environment, physical and mental fitness, and neighborhood cohesion. Special attention was given to school, senior center, disabled and transit access because pupils, senior citizens, disabled PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 25

42 Pedestrian Access and Circulation citizens and transit passengers tend to rely on walking for transportation purposes. However, improvements to the pedestrian environment benefit all people regardless of their primary mode of travel because everyone is a pedestrian for at least a portion of their journeys. The recommended policies support five overall goals that can be grouped into the following: Improve Pedestrian Access and Circulation Improve Pedestrian Safety Promote Pedestrian-Friendly Land Use and Urban Design Establish Agency Coordination Provide Education and Outreach Specific pedestrian projects and program that would implement these policies are recommended in the implementation plan (Chapter 5). GOAL 1 IMPROVE ACCESS AND CIRCULATION FOR ALL PEDESTRIANS Policy 1.1 Pedestrian access shall be provided for all users, particularly disabled users, seniors, transit users, and children. Policy 1.2 The identified Pedestrian Activity Corridors (see Figure 3), which provides connections to areas frequented by pedestrians, should be prioritized and implemented. Policy 1.3 Gaps shall be eliminated and sub-standard conditions shall be improved in identified Pedestrian Activity Corridors. Policy 1.4 Pedestrian facilities and amenities shall be routinely maintained as funding and priorities allow. Policy 1.5 Pedestrian improvements should be implemented to strengthen connections to transit. Policy 1.6 Policy 1.7 Reasonable accommodations for pedestrians shall be provided where natural or man-made barriers restrict access. Multi-use trails should be provided in rural and open space areas. 26 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

43 Pedestrian Safety GOAL 2 REDUCE PEDESTRIAN COLLISIONS AND PROVIDE A SAFER WALKING ENVIRONMENT Policy 2.1 Policy 2.2 Policy 2.3 Policy 2.4 Policy 2.5 Pedestrian walkways should be provided on County roadways, where lacking and desired, in local residential neighborhoods and commercial districts within urban and suburban areas. Roadway crossings shall be designed to maximize pedestrian safety. Pedestrian-scale lighting should be provided on pedestrian walkways on trails and within urban and suburban area, where lacking and desired by the community. Street design and traffic enforcement should be improved to increase pedestrian safety. Projects and programs should be developed that increase safety awareness for pedestrians. Land Use and Urban Design GOAL 3 PROMOTE LAND USES AND URBAN DESIGN THAT SUPPORT A PLEASANT ENVIRONMENT FOR WALKING Policy 3.1 Public use buildings, such as schools and senior centers, should provide for pedestrian access. Policy 3.2 Policy 3.3 Policy 3.4 Policy 3.5 New development and redevelopment projects should be designed to facilitate pedestrian access and address any impacts to the pedestrian safety, access, and circulation. Pedestrian amenities should be provided to create a more comfortable and pleasant walking environment in high pedestrian activity areas. Transit stops and stations should be improved to create a more pleasant and comfortable waiting environment. The program to underground utilities should continue to be implemented. Agency Coordination GOAL 4 ESTABLISH GUIDELINES AND RECOMMENDATIONS FOR AGENCY COORDINATION Policy 4.1 Policy 4.2 A full-time Pedestrian, Transit, and Bicycle Planner should be employed by Alameda County. Pedestrian planning efforts shall be coordinated among Public Works Agency, Community Development Agency, Public PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 27

44 Health, Law Enforcement, School Districts, and other County agencies. Policy 4.3 Pedestrian planning efforts shall be coordinated with agencies outside of Alameda County s jurisdiction. Education and Outreach GOAL 5 ENCOURAGE WALKING THROUGH EDUCATION AND OUTREACH Policy 5.1 Signage should be installed and walking maps should be created to encourage walking. Policy 5.2 Walking for health benefits shall be promoted. Policy 5.3 Programs should inform all street network users of their rights and responsibilities. Recommended Actions for General Plan Updates The Pedestrian Master Plan should be referenced in updates to the General Plan documents. Pedestrian policies should be referenced not only in transportation policies, but as part of land use, urban design, open space, and parks and recreation policies in future updates to the general plan documents. Walking should be considered as a primary mode of transportation and pedestrians should be routinely accommodated as part of all transportation projects, both during and post-construction. To achieve the goals and policies of decreasing auto dependence, walking should be elevated as a primary form of transportation in General Plan documents. Some examples of where pedestrian needs should be considered as part of transportation policies are as follows: Policies to reconstruct a roadway or implement other roadway improvements could incorporate level of service measures for pedestrians, bicyclists, transit passengers, as well as automobiles. As the tools for multi-modal analysis become available, the LOS standards should expand beyond just automobiles. Mitigation measures should consider the affect on pedestrian safety as well as increased pedestrian crossing times and distances or pedestrian wait 28 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

45 times due to longer cycle lengths. Additional measures may be required to minimize the pedestrian exposure on roadways. Make Safe Routes to Schools and Safe Routes to Transit higher priority. Bus stop locations should be sensitive to pedestrian access and safety in addition to traffic flow. New developments should integrate existing and future transit services into their design. Sound walls and other barriers should provide pedestrian access points are frequent intervals to reduce distances for those walking. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 29

46 30 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

47 4. PEDESTRIAN FACILITIES The pedestrian facilities in Alameda County include sidewalks, walkways, and shoulders as well as marked crosswalks and curb ramps at intersections and a few midblock crossings as well as the pedestrian bridge over San Lorenzo Creek in the vicinity of the Old Barrett School. Pedestrian facilities also include roadway geometric improvements that facilitate pedestrian travel as well as streetscape improvements that create a more pedestrianfriendly environment. This chapter describes types of pedestrian facilities. Standards for pedestrian facilities will vary by community. Details can be found in the Pedestrian Design Guidelines, which accompanies this document. In the future, the Pedestrian Design Guidelines should be adapted to complete streets, including the traffic lanes, to promote ADA and pedestrian-oriented/pedestrian-friendly roadways. When designing pedestrian facilities, the context of the entire roadway needs to be considered. Pedestrian facilities need to meet the needs of various users, but also accommodate the other roadway users such as motorists, bicyclists, and transit buses. Thus, the Pedestrian Master Plan should satisfy as many needs as possible within the limits of available funding and the physical space available for improvements and upgrades. It is a difficult balancing act that involves safety and travel flow considerations for all modes of transportation. Sidewalks As defined by the California Vehicle Code, sidewalks are that portion of a roadway intended for the use of pedestrians, between the curb line or the lateral line of a shoulder, or if none, the lateral line of the roadways and the adjacent right-of-way line. When designing the pedestrian environment, the sidewalk corridor can be divided into several zones curb zone, buffer/planting zone, pedestrian travel zone, and frontage zone. This section focuses on the sidewalk as the pedestrian travel zone, while the streetscape improvements (described below) include the other zones. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 31

48 Sidewalks are a key component of the pedestrian network, particularly in the urbanized areas. Sidewalks provide a continuous system of safe, accessible travel routes for pedestrians along roadways. The County currently constructs sidewalks as part of development projects. In the Eden area, which is the most urban, the County also has a sidewalk program to improve existing sidewalk conditions, which include filling gaps in and improving the condition of the existing sidewalk network. The County also has a sidewalk program to assist property owners in repairing their sidewalks. Depending upon the function of the street and adjacent land uses, the sidewalk width varies by location. Recommended minimum widths based on the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) clear width and best practices are shown in Table 2. Table 2 - Sidewalk Width Chart Sidewalk Location ADA clear width Best Practice Recommended* (Ideal) Local Street 4 ft min. 4 ft min 5 ft min. Collector 5 ft min. 5 ft min. Arterial 8 ft min. 5 to 8 ft min. Sidewalk against curb 7 ft min. 7 ft min. Standard sidewalk with landscaped buffer area 5 ft min. 5 ft min. Sidewalks contiguous to education centers, churches, community centers, hospitals, or other areas with higher pedestrian volumes 8 to 10 ft min. (or wider, per Highway Capacity Manual capacity analysis) *These sidewalk widths are recommended by Dowling Associates, Inc. based on ADA requirements and the best practices. 8 to 10 ft min. With the standard 50-foot rights-of-way in the build-out communities in the unincorporated areas, these recommended sidewalk minimum widths provide guidelines that need to be considered within the context of the entire roadway as well as the surrounding uses. 32 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

49 Walkways and Shoulders In locations where sidewalks are not warranted due to the rural nature of a road (lack of development or destinations), or cannot be constructed due to cost, environmental or other considerations, multipurpose (four- to six-foot wide) shoulders adjacent to the traveled way or separated shared use paths can be considered. Roadway shoulders should be paved to accommodate pedes-trians as well as bicyclists because pedestrians need space to walk that is outside of the traveled way. Unimproved shoulder on Las Positas (East County) Corners and Crossings The places where the streets and sidewalks converge are particularly important because they tend to attract more people. Corners should be spacious, unobstructed, and well-defined. Pedestrian facilities at corners include curb extensions and reduced curb radii. Intersections should be designed to be as compact as possible per state and local guidelines. The need to accommodate pedestrians must be balanced with the need to accommodate large turning vehicles. If turning truck traffic is more frequent, then the intersection should be designed to properly accommodate these vehicles. In these situations, other crossing measures, such as triangular islands, can be used to improve pedestrian safety. If turning truck traffic is not frequent, however, a higher level of public benefit may be achieved by providing a compact, pedestrian-friendly intersection. Pedestrian interaction with traffic occurs at crossings at intersections as well as mid-block. Over one-third of all vehicle/pedestrian collisions occur at signalized intersections, and involves turning vehicles. The frequency and severity of turning-related vehicle/pedestrian collisions at intersections can be reduced by designing for slower PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 33

50 turning speeds, shortening crossing distance, providing adequate lighting, and ensuring sufficient sight distance for both drivers and pedestrians. The design of adequate pedestrian facilities at intersections requires consideration of elements such as: 1) crosswalks, 2) curb ramps and 3) pedestrianoriented signals and signal timings that work for all pedestrians. Source: Oregon DOT In addition to crosswalks and pedestrian signals, a variety of intersection treatments can be used to increase the safety and accommodation of pedestrians. Devices such as curb extensions, pedestrian refuge islands, and other measures can be used to improve pedestrian safety at intersections. The California Vehicle Code states that a street crossing or cross-walk is the portion of roadway at an intersection which represents exten-sions of the sidewalk lines, or any portion of the roadway distinctly indicated for pedes-trian crossing. Crosswalks are an essential element of a connected system of pedestrian sidewalks and pathways. Crosswalks help channelize pedestrians so that motorists will know where to look for them. An intersection crosswalk is the marked or unmarked extension of a sidewalk or shoulder across an intersection (see inset). Midblock pedestrian crossing locations also can be marked with crosswalks. Marked crosswalks can improve the visibility of pedestrian crossings when combined with other pedestrian crossing treatments such as curb extensions, narrower turning radii, and warning signs. There are also a number of recent advances in ITS pedestrian crossing treatments, such as inpavement lighting systems, pedestrian countdown signals and audible pedestrian signals that can further enhance pedestrian crosswalk locations. 34 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

51 Streetscape Improvements The sidewalk shall maintain a minimum clear width as defined in current accessibility standards. This minimum clear width is four feet. However, five feet clear width is strongly recommended to allow for two people to walk sideby-side comfortably as well as for two people in wheelchairs to pass each other. The minimum clear width must be free of trees, signs, utility poles, junction boxes, hydrants, parking meters and other similar appurtenances. Streetscape improvements include street trees, lighting, and furnishings. Bus Stops At transit stops, sidewalks should be constructed from the embarkation point (where people enter/exit the bus) to the nearest intersection or to the nearest section of existing sidewalk. It may be necessary to wrap a sidewalk around a corner to join an existing sidewalk on a side street. Streets within ¼ mile of transit stops should have continuous sidewalks, high-visibility crosswalks, and other enhanced crossing measures. Care should be taken to place bus stops in areas that maximize pedestrian safety and convenience. Bus stops should be located on the far side of intersections. Where it is necessary to locate the bus stop mid-block, an assessment should be done to determine if mid-block crossings are likely. If so, measures should be taken to improve the safety of the crossing. At bus stop locations, the road surface should be constructed of concrete for stability and less required maintenance due to shoving of asphalt during hot summer months. Best Practices for bus stops are identified in the AC Transit s Designing with Transit. Multi-use Trails and Paths A multi-use trail is a facility that is designed to accommodate pedestrians, bicyclists and other individuals. These facilities are provided as alternatives to sidewalks, improved shoulders, and on-street bicycle lanes. Multi-use paths can be provided along existing vehicular facilities or designed to link important destinations without being within or adjacent to public motor vehicle facilities. Multi- PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 35

52 use paths are considered as one of the potential tools to help improve pedestrian safety. In addition the trail itself, access and connections between the trails and the adjacent communities as well as signage at trailheads needs to be considered. Traffic Calming Alameda County s Neighborhood Traffic Calming Program covers the design of typical traffic calming measures that are appropriate for Alameda County. Traffic calming measures can reduce travel speeds making for a more pleasant walking environment. Traffic calming measures include visual narrowing, reducing lane widths, removing travel lanes, traffic circles and raised intersections or crosswalks. The County program identifies four levels of traffic calming measures from Level 1, which require no physical roadway modifications, to Level 4, which physically prohibit vehicle travel to a certain degree. The implementation of these traffic calming Roundabout (Fairview) measures would require the approval of the Director of Public Works Agency with District supervisor. 36 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

53 5. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN This chapter presents projects and programs to implement the goals and policies of the Pedestrian Master Plan. The implementation plan presents a list of improvement projects and programs. The projects were assigned a priority index based on a series of criteria. Funding sources are also described. Implementation Projects Candidate Projects A list of candidate projects was developed from community inputs, other planning documents, community-based transportation plan, and the County Capital Improvement Program (CIP) as well as Community Development Agency projects. In addition, sidewalk gaps identified from the field inventory were also identified. The candidate projects were identified based on the review of the existing conditions and needs assessment. These projects are geared mainly towards engineering solutions to eliminate sidewalk gaps, provide multi-purpose shoulders, or improve streets crossings. Candidate projects started with the list of on-going projects and plans that include pedestrian improvements. In addition, the needs assessment from the field inventory and constraints identified by public input survey respondents were used to develop a list of candidate projects. Cost Estimates Order-of-magnitude unit cost estimates help to better understand what can be accomplished in the short and long term. These unit cost estimates were derived based on national research and local unit costs from similar pedestrian projects within Alameda County (Table 3). The rightmost column includes the equipment, preliminary engineering (18 percent), construction engineering (16 percent), contingencies (10 percent) and right-of-way acquisitions ($12.50 per square foot). These individual unit costs may vary depending upon the size and scale of the pedestrian project, For instance, if the pedestrian improvement is part of a larger streetscape project, there would be some cost savings. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 37

54 Table 3 - Order-of-Magnitude Cost Estimates Enhancement Cost Estimate Range Unit Total Cost Est Advanced Stop Limit Line $60 - $80 per each (12 inch wide x $ foot) Asphalt Walkway 2 $3 - $6 per square foot per square foot $9 Automated Detection (NA) Countdown Pedestrian Signal $500-$1,000 for microwave or infrared $600 - $800 per signal indication Per each location $2,160 per signal indication $1,400 Crosswalk - parallel type $11 per linear foot per linear foot $18 Crosswalk - ladder type $50 per linear foot (10 foot per linear foot $75 wide) Crosswalks - raised $5,000 - $20,000 per crosswalk $30,000 Crosswalks mid-block, $30,000 - $50,000 per crosswalk $70,000 in-pavement warning lights Curb Extensions $5,000 - $25,000 per extension $35,000 Curb Extensions (Long) $20,000 - $75,000 per extension $100,000 w/storm drainage work Curb Radii Reduction $5,000 - $10,000 per per corner $17,000 corner Flags $100 per crossing per XING including $180 including holders holders Flashing Beacons $10,000 - $40,000 per per XING $65,000 XING depending on placement Lighting $2,000 - $6,000 per light per light $8,000 Limit Lines - advance $300-$500 per limit line per limit line $864 placement Median Refuge (Small) $1,000 per refuge $1,800 Median Refuge Islands $20,000 - $40,000 per refuge $62,000 Pork Chop Island $15,000 - $35,000 per per island $53,000 island Railings for Pedestrians $30 per linear foot (at any per linear foot $60 crossing) Raised Intersections $50,000 - $75,000 per intersection per intersection $100,000 Sidewalk w/ existing curb & gutter 3 Sidewalk w/ new curb & gutter 3 $40 per linear foot (5 foot wide) $60 per linear foot (5 foot wide) per linear foot (5 ft wide w/vertical curb) $60 per linear foot (5 ft wide) $65 Paved Shoulders $8 - $15 per square foot per square foot $20 Signage $200 - $300 per each sign $500 Signage Pedestrian Yield $200 - $300 per each sign $ PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

55 Enhancement Cost Estimate Range Unit Total Cost Est Signage Double fine $300 - $500 per each sign $450 zones Signal - Midblock $75,000 - $125,000 $165,000 Source: TY Lin International Selection Criteria and Weighting The candidate projects have been prioritized by community area to ensure that the most important projects in each area will be funded. These projects are geared mainly towards engineering solutions to eliminate sidewalk gaps, provide multi-purpose shoulders, or improve streets crossings. However, some recommended projects include education, enforcement, and community-involvement measures. Low cost solutions, which could be considered early winner projects, are highlighted. The project selection criteria include the following items: Proximity of trip generators, such as schools, transit routes, and key land uses. Safety and Access Transportation connections to BART or bus service or part of Bicycle Master Plan network. Project readiness and feasibility Equity Each of these criteria is described below with one point given for criteria that are met by the project for a possible total of 15 points. These criteria were used to assign a priority index to those projects that are not fully funded. PROXIMITY OF TRIP GENERATORS The project proximity to potential pedestrian trip generators serves a proxy for pedestrian demand. Does the project provide access to schools or parks, particularly on a suggested route to school or within ¼ mile? Does the project provide access to a facility serving seniors? Does the project lie on the Pedestrian Activity Corridors in a civic area or commercial district? PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 39

56 SAFETY AND ACCESS The safety and access of facilities was determined based on the field inventory and the public input survey, including sidewalk gaps or missing sidewalks in urban areas, or locations where the facility improves crossing safety. Safety encompasses the pedestrian-related collision history. Does the project improve a street with a history of pedestrian collisions? Does the project improve a pedestrian crossing? Does the project complete a missing sidewalk on the Pedestrian Activity Corridors? TRANSPORTATION CONNECTIONS Transportation connections include proximity to a BART station and bus stop as well as being part of the Bicycle Master Plan network. Is the project located within 1/2 mile of a BART station? Does the project improve access to bus stops and is within ¼ mile? Is the project located on the Bicycle Master Plan network? PROJECT READINESS AND FEASIBILITY The project readiness and feasibility includes the local support and availability of funding as well as the project readiness. Is there local support for this project? Does the project have outside funding? EQUITY These criteria include social and geographical equity as well as providing access for all uses, including those with disabilities. Does the project enhance access and/or remove barriers for persons with disabilities? Is the project located in a community that has been under-served by previous transportation investments 40 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

57 or has health disparities when compared to the rest of the County? Project Prioritization The project prioritization includes current projects with and without funding shortfalls as well as pedestrian projects that have no identified funding. These projects are listed in Table 4 by type of project and in Table 5 by community. For twelve of these projects, Project Fact Sheets have been developed and are described at the end of this chapter. Types of Pedestrian Improvements Pedestrian improvements have been categorized into several types: Streetscape Projects Sidewalk/Walkway Gap Closures Crossing Improvements/Signal Timing (walk interval, pedestrian scramble) Safe Routes to School Safe Routes to Transit Trail Projects Traffic Calming Bicycle/Pedestrian Ramps/Shoulder Improvement Projects Some projects, such as the Streetscape and School projects, may include elements from the other categories, such as sidewalks, crossing improvements, traffic calming, and transit access improvements. For example, Safe Route to School projects may include new sidewalks, crosswalks and curb ramps, and signage, while Safe Routes to Transit projects may include sidewalk improvements, crosswalks, mid-block crossings, wayfinding signs, bus stop improvements, and curb ramps. Crossing improvements may include changes to signal timings, such as providing a leading walk interval or pedestrian scramble. The following tables list candidate pedestrian improvement projects by project type (Table 4) and by community (Table 5) with subtotals of estimated costs. These lists do not include all the sidewalk gap closures and curb ramps as well as other pedestrian improvements and programs that address access to all local schools and transit services throughout the unincorporated areas, but focuses on the PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 41

58 candidate projects and those identified from the needs analysis, which focuses on the Pedestrian Activity Corridors as a priority. 42 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

59 Table 4 Pedestrian Projects by Project Type Project Name Project Location Project Extent Project Description Community Estimated Cost ($000) STREETSCAPE PROJECTS E 14th Street/Mission Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase I (150th to 162nd) E 14th Street/Mission Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase II (162nd Ave to E. Lewelling Blvd.) Lewelling Blvd./ E Lewelling Blvd. Improvements Project - Phase I: Construction Lewelling Blvd./ E Lewelling Blvd. Improvements Project - Phase II Lewelling Boulevard Underground Utility District Castro Valley Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase I Castro Valley Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase II E. 14th Street 150th Avenue to 162nd Avenue Sidewalk widening, street landscaping and lighting, utilities undergrounding, intersection bulb-outs, drinking fountains, street furnishings, transit stop improvements East 14th Street (SR 185) Lewelling Boulevard/ E. Lewelling Boulevard Lewelling Boulevard/ E. Lewelling Boulevard Lewelling Boulevard 162nd Avenue to E. Lewelling Boulevard Hesperian Blvd to near Meekland Ave Meekland Ave to E. 14th St Hesperian Blvd to near Meekland Ave, Meekland Ave to E. 14th St. Castro Valley Boulevard Redwood Rd to San Miguel Sidewalk widening, street landscaping and lighting, intersection bulb-outs, street furnishings, bicycle lanes, onstreet parking, transit stop improvements Castro Valley Boulevard San Miguel to Wisteria Sidewalk widening, street landscaping and lighting, intersection bulb-outs, street furnishings, bicycle lanes, onstreet parking, transit stop improvements Ashland $6,393 Sidewalk widening, street landscaping and lighting, utilities undergrounding, intersection bulb-outs, drinking fountains, street furnishings, transit stop improvements Ashland $10,000 Widen (from 2 to 4 lanes) and Ashland $17,500 reconstruct roadway... improve ped safety Widen (from 2 to 4 lanes) and Ashland $10,000 reconstruct roadway Underground existing utilities Ashland $4,435 Castro Valley $6,000 Castro Valley $4,500 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 43

60 Project Name Project Location Project Extent Project Description Community Estimated Cost ($000) Castro Valley Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase III Castro Valley Boulevard Wisteria to Lake Chabot Sidewalk widening, street landscaping and lighting, intersection bulb-outs, street furnishings, bicycle lanes, onstreet parking, transit stop improvements Castro Valley $4,500 Heyer Avenue Driveway Bulb-out Project Heyer Avenue Center Street to Cull Canyon Road Parking bays Castro Valley $600 E 14th Street/Mission Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase III (E. Lewelling Blvd. to Rufus Court) E 14th Street/Mission Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase III Hesperian Streetscape Improvements - Phase I Hesperian Streetscape Improvements - Phase II Hesperian Streetscape Improvements - Phase III Hesperian Streetscape Improvements - Phase IV Hesperian Streetscape Improvements - Phase V East 14th Street/ Mission Boulevard (SR 185) E. Lewelling Boulevard to Rufus Court Sidewalk widening, street landscaping and lighting, utilities undergrounding, intersection bulb-outs, drinking fountains, street furnishings, transit stop improvements Cherryland $13,000 Mission Blvd SR 238 to Rufus Court Underground utilities, widened sidewalks, bulb-outs, trees, lighting Hayward $8,000 Hesperian Boulevard I--880 to Via Mercado pedestrian lighting, compliance San Lorenzo $4,300 with ADA, bus shelters, benches, sidewalk widenings, traffic calming measures Hesperian Boulevard Via Mercado to Hacienda Ave pedestrian lighting, compliance San Lorenzo $1,600 with ADA, bus shelters, benches, sidewalk widenings, traffic calming measures Hesperian Boulevard Hacienda Ave to Bockman Rd pedestrian lighting, compliance San Lorenzo $722 with ADA, bus shelters, benches, sidewalk widenings, traffic calming measures Hesperian Boulevard Bockman Rd to Bartlett pedestrian lighting, compliance San Lorenzo $982 with ADA, bus shelters, benches, sidewalk widenings, traffic calming measures Hesperian Boulevard Bartlett to West A pedestrian lighting, compliance San Lorenzo $596 with ADA, bus shelters, benches, sidewalk widenings, traffic calming measures Hesperian Boulevard I-880 to West A Undergrounding utilities San Lorenzo $4,000 Hesperian Streetscape Improvements - Undergrounding Utilities Grant Avenue Streetscape Improvements Grant Avenue Via Seco to western terminus walkways and drainage San Lorenzo $1, PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

61 Project Name Project Location Project Extent Project Description Community Estimated Cost ($000) Sunol Town Center Streetscape & Pedestrian Improvements Main Street Niles Canyon Railway Station/ Kilkare Road to Paloma Way Walkways, bulb-outs, raised crosswalks, sidewalk lighting, ped fencing, landscaping Main Street Improvements in Sunol Main Street at Kilkare Road Raised crosswalk, textured pavement and island modifications Sunol $1,065 Sunol $1,300 Subtotal $100,993 SIDEWALK/WALKWAY GAP CLOSURES 159th Ave Improvements from Liberty St 159th Avenue Liberty St to Marcella New curb, gutter and sidewalk Ashland $300 to Marcella St 162nd Ave Improvements from Liberty St 162nd Avenue Liberty St to Marcella New curb, gutter and sidewalk Ashland $400 to Marcella St 167th Ave Improvements from Liberty St 167th Avenue Liberty Street to Los Banos Street New curb, gutter and sidewalk Ashland $300 to Los Banos St Sidewalk (Curb & Gutter) Repair/ 165th Avenue East 14th Street to Liberty Street New curb, gutter and sidewalk, Ashland $894 Replacement at 165th Ave landscaping 166th Ave Improvements from Los Banos 166th Avenue Los Banos Street to E. 14th Street New curb, gutter and sidewalk Ashland $500 St to E 14th St Los Banos Street Improvements from Los Banos Street 165th Ave to 170th Ave New curb, gutter and sidewalk Ashland $1, th Ave to 170th Ave Maubert Ave Improvements from Tanager Maubert Avenue Tanager Ave to 162nd Ave New curb, gutter and sidewalk Ashland $800 Ave to 162nd Ave 163rd Ave Improvements from Maubert 163rd Avenue Maubert Avenue to Helo Drive New curb, gutter and sidewalk Ashland $400 Ave to Helo Dr Stanton Avenue Sidewalk Stanton Avenue Somerset Avenue to Castro Valley Construct sidewalk Castro Valley $1,167 Boulevard Lake Chabot Road Sidewalk Lake Chabot Road Various locations New curb, gutter and sidewalk Castro Valley $331 Sidewalk (Curb & Gutter) Installation along Orange Avenue Grove Way and Interstate I-580 New curb, gutter and sidewalk Castro Valley $378 one side of Orange Ave between Grove Way and I-580 Somerset Avenue Sidewalk Somerset Avenue Lake Chabot Road to Redwood Road Construct sidewalk Castro Valley $2,000 Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Anita Avenue Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Heyer Avenue Anita Avenue Somerset Avenue to Castro Valley Construct sidewalk Castro Valley TBD Boulevard Heyer Avenue Center Street to Redwood Road Construct sidewalk Castro Valley TBD PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 45

62 Project Name Project Location Project Extent Project Description Community Estimated Cost ($000) Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - San Miguel Avenue Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Santa Maria Avenue Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Mabel Avenue Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Christensen Lane Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Marshall Street Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Proctor Road Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Stanton Avenue Cherryland Sidewalks Project - Phases 1, 2, and 3 San Miguel Avenue Somerset Avenue to Castro Valley Construct sidewalk Castro Valley TBD Boulevard Santa Maria Avenue Lorena Avenue to Wilson Avenue Construct sidewalk Castro Valley TBD Mabel Avenue Redwood Road to Santa Maria Avenue Construct sidewalk Castro Valley TBD Christensen Lane Parsons Avenue to Lake Chabot Road Construct sidewalk Castro Valley TBD Marshall Street Omega Avenue to Veronica Avenue Construct sidewalk Castro Valley TBD Proctor Road Walnut Road to Camino Alta Mira Construct sidewalk Castro Valley TBD Stanton Avenue Somerset Avenue to Sheffield Road Construct sidewalk Castro Valley TBD 1 - Willow Avenue 2 - Sunset Boulevard 3 - Princeton Street 4 - Western Boulevard 5 - Hampton Road 6 - Meekland Avenue 1 - Meekland Ave to Western Blvd 2 - Meekland Ave to Western Blvd 3 - Willow Ave to Laurel Ave 4 - Hampton Rd to Hayward CL/ Sunset Blvd 5 - Meekland Ave to E 14th St/ Mission Blvd. 6 - E Lewelling Blvd to Hayward CL/ W. "A" St. New curb, gutter and sidewalk, landscaping, drainage Cherryland $16,389 Grove Way Improvements from Meekland Grove Way Meekland Ave to Western Blvd New curb, gutter and sidewalk Cherryland $1,500 Ave to Western Blvd Poplar Ave Improvements from Princeton Poplar Avenue Princeton St to Meekland Ave New curb, gutter and sidewalk Cherryland $800 St to Meekland Ave Sidewalk Construction Program for East Avenue Hayward CL to End (East) Construct sidewalk Fairview TBD Planning Area 2 - East Avenue Sidewalk Construction Program for D Street Hayward CL to Fairview Avenue Construct sidewalk Fairview TBD Planning Area 2 - D Street Fairview Avenue Pathway Fairview Avenue at Fuller property (25679 Fairview Widen pedestrian pathway Fairview $162 Ave) Sidewalk Construction Program for Maud Avenue Kelly Street to D Street Construct sidewalk Fairview TBD Planning Area 2 - Maud Avenue Washington Ave Widening (FAU A163) Washington Avenue San Lorenzo Creek to Grant Avenue New curb, gutter and sidewalk San Lorenzo $2,500 San Lorenzo Creek to Grant Ave Bartlett Ave Improvements from Royal Ave to End Bartlett Ave Royal Ave to End (East) New curb, gutter and sidewalk San Lorenzo $ PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

63 Project Name Project Location Project Extent Project Description Community Estimated Cost ($000) Garden Ave Improvement from "A" St to Garden Avenue A St to Bartlett Ave New curb, gutter and sidewalk San Lorenzo $600 Bartlett Ave Royal Avenue Sidewalk Royal Avenue Hayward CL/ W. "A" Street to Bartlett Construct sidewalk San Lorenzo $316 Street Hacienda Avenue Sidewalk Hacienda Avenue Via Sequndo to Interstate I-880 Construct sidewalk San Lorenzo $112 Lupine Way Improvements from Garden Ave to End Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Royal Avenue West Sunset Blvd Improvement from Garden Ave to Hesperian Blvd Lupine Way Garden Ave to End (East) New curb, gutter and sidewalk San Lorenzo $600 Royal Avenue Perkins to Bartlett Street Construct sidewalk San Lorenzo TBD West Sunset Boulevard Garden Avenue to Hesperian Boulevard New curb, gutter and sidewalk San Lorenzo TBD Subtotal $32,349 CROSSING IMPROVEMENTS Traffic Signal Projects Various locations Various locations Install or upgrade signals at various intersections. Ped accommodations? Traffic Signal Timing Project - Castro Valley Boulevard Traffic Signal - Lake Chabot Laurel Grove Hospital Traffic Signal and Median Project - Redwood Vegas Avenue Castro Valley Boulevard/ Redwood Rd Intersection Improvements Traffic Signal Project - Castro Valley Wisteria St/ Rutledge Rd Traffic Signal Project - Redwood Mabel Avenue Traffic Signal Project - Somerset Santa Maria Avenue Traffic Signal Project - Stanton Strobridge Avenue Traffic Signal Timing Project - Castro Valley Boulevard at Crow Canyon Rd/Center St/Grove Way Alameda County Castro Valley Boulevard Redwood Street to Marshall Street Traffic signal timing study to reduce peak period car delayincludes study of peds? Castro Valley $20 Lake Chabot Road Between Castro Valley Boulevard and Mid-block traffic signal - Ped Castro Valley $250 Somerset Avenue accommodation? Redwood Road at Vegas Avenue Remove existing signal & extend Castro Valley $500 median across intersection - Ped issues addressed? Castro Valley Blvd. at Redwood Road Improve safety for pedestrians Castro Valley $800 Castro Valley Boulevard at Wisteria Street/ Rutledge Road Install traffic signals. Ped accommodations? Castro Valley $300 Redwood Road at Mabel Avenue Install traffic signals. Ped Castro Valley $250 accommodations? Somerset Avenue at Santa Maria Avenue Install traffic signals. Ped Castro Valley $300 accommodations? Stanton Avenue at Strobridge Avenue Install traffic signals. Ped Castro Valley $300 accommodations? Castro Valley Boulevard at Crow Canyon Road, Center Street, Current Castro Valley $20 and Grove Way $188 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 47

64 Project Name Project Location Project Extent Project Description Community Estimated Cost ($000) Traffic Signal Project - Crow Canyon Norris Canyon Road Traffic Signal Project - Tesla Road at South Vasco Road Traffic Signal Project - Altamont Pass Greenville Road Traffic Signal Project - Altamont Pass North Front Road Traffic Signal Project - Vasco Dalton Avenue Traffic Signal Project - Grant Channel Street Crow Canyon Road at Norris Canyon Road Install traffic signals. Ped accommodations? Tesla Road at South Vasco Road Install traffic signals. Ped accommodations? Altamont Pass Road at Greenville Road Install traffic signals. Ped accommodations? Altamont Pass Road at North Front Road Install traffic signals. Ped accommodations? N Vasco Road at Dalton Avenue Install traffic signals. Ped accommodations? Grant Avenue at Channel Street Install traffic signals. Ped accommodations? Castro Valley $250 East County $300 East County $200 East County $200 East County $300 San Lorenzo $300 Subtotal $4,478 SAFE ROUTES TO SCHOOL Safe Routes to School - Edendale Middle School Safe Routes to School - Hillside Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Mountain House Middle & Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Marshall Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Castro Valley High School Safe Routes to School - Chabot Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Redwood Christian School (Private) Safe Routes to School - Stanton Elementary School Ashland E. 14th Street 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Textured crosswalks, improved street lighting Marcella 159th 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Textured crosswalks, improved Avenue street lighting 3950 Mountain House Road 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Pedestrian ramps, crosswalks/crossings Marshall 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, Omega Avenue textured crosswalks, bulb-outs, textured pavement, raised crosswalk, improved street lighting Santa Maria Mabel Avenue Lake Chabot Christensen Lane 4200 James Redwood Road 2644 Somerset Stanton Avenue 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, textured crosswalks, pedestrian ramps, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, textured crosswalks, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, textured crosswalks, raised crosswalks, pedestrian ramps, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Construct sidewalks and textured crosswalks Ashland $17 Ashland $20 Byron $100 Castro Valley $390 Castro Valley $404 Castro Valley $16 Castro Valley $115 Castro Valley $ PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

65 Project Name Project Location Project Extent Project Description Community Estimated Cost ($000) Safe Routes to School - Castro Valley Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Jensen Ranch Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Our Lady of Grace (Private) Safe Routes to School - Camelot School (Private) Safe Routes to School - Canyon Middle School Safe Routes to School - Independent Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Proctor Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Strobridge Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Vannoy Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Cherryland Elementary Safe Routes to School - Colonial Acres: Safe Routes to School Safe Routes to School - Lorenzo Manor Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Montessori Elementary School (Private) Safe Routes to School - East Avenue Elementary School San Miguel Jeanine Way 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, textured cross-walk, pedestrian ramp, improved street lighting Castro Valley $ Carson Kit Lane 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Textured crosswalks Castro Valley $ Anita Castro Valley Boulevard 2330 Pomar Rolando Avenue Cull Canyon Heyer Ave Independent School Castro Valley Boulevard Redwood Proctor Avenue Bedford Grove Way 5100 Vannoy Center Street 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, textured crosswalks, raised crosswalks, pedestrian ramps, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, textured crosswalks, raised crosswalks, pedestrian ramps, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Construct sidewalks and textured crosswalks, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidwalk, textured crosswalks, pedestrian ramps, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Textured crosswalks, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Textured crosswalks, pedestrian ramps, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Textured crosswalks, improved street lighting Willow Avenue 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Construct sidewalks and textured crosswalks Meekland 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Construct sidewalks, bulb-outs, Hampton Road crosswalk treatments, countdown ped signals Bengal Hacienda Ave Foothill Boulevard at Miramar Avenue 2424 East Hansen Drive 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Reconstruct sidewalks, pedestrian ramps, textured crosswalks, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, textured crosswalks, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, textured crosswalks, pedestrian ramps, improved street lighting Castro Valley $170 Castro Valley $151 Castro Valley $130 Castro Valley $71 Castro Valley $16 Castro Valley $52 Castro Valley $13 Cherryland $1,345 Cherryland $448 Cherryland $125 El Portal Ridge $130 Fairview $137 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 49

66 Project Name Project Location Project Extent Project Description Community Estimated Cost ($000) Safe Routes to School - Hayward High School Safe Routes to School - Fairview Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Arroyo High School Lorenzo Avenue Safe Routes to School - Grant Elementary School Safe Routes to School - San Lorenzo High School Safe Routes to School - Bohannon Middle School Safe Routes to School - Royal Sunset Continuation School Safe Routes to School - Bay Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Calvery Lutheran School (Private) Safe Routes to School - Challenger School (Private) Safe Routes to School - Del Rey Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Hesperian Elementary School Safe Routes to School - Sunol Glen School 1633 East E Street 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Textured crosswalks, pedestrian ramps, improved street lighting Maud D 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Construct sidewalk, textured Street crosswalks, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Textured crosswalks, Avenue street lighting 879 Grant Washington Avenue/ Via Alamitos 50 East Lewelling Ashland Avenue 800 Bockman Via Arriba Royal W. Sunset Avenue/Bartlett Avenue 2001 Bockman Via Catherine Via Hacienda Avenue 2005 Via Bockman Road 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, textured crosswalks, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, textured crosswalks, pedestrian ramps, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school sidwalks, crosswalks/crossings, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, textured crosswalks, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New sidewalks, textured crosswalks, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Construct sidewalks, pedestrian ramps, textured crosswalks, raised crosswalks, improve street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Reconstruct sidewalks, pedestrian ramps, textured crosswalks, improved street lighting 1510 Via Via Del Rey 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school New curb, gutter and sidewalk, textured crosswalks, improved street lighting 620 Drew Wagner Street Main Paloma Way/ Niles Canyon Road 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Sidewalk reconstruction, pedestrian ramps, textured crosswalks, improved street lighting 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius around school Crosswalk improvements, intersection bulb outs, vehicle circulation in parking lot. Fairview $33 Fairview $448 San Lorenzo $24 San Lorenzo $40 San Lorenzo $130 San Lorenzo $400 San Lorenzo $120 San Lorenzo $210 San Lorenzo $75 San Lorenzo $20 San Lorenzo $42 San Lorenzo $130 Sunol $500 Subtotal $6, PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

67 Project Name Project Location Project Extent Project Description Community Estimated Cost ($000) TRANSIT ACCESS Ashland Community Transit Access Project (ACTAP) 159 Ave/Coelho Dr E. 14th St to Bayfair BART Widen sidewalks, trees, lighting, bulb-outs, way-finding signage, I/S improvements Center Street, Seven Hill Road, bus stops along Center Street, Seven Improved bus stops, access to Lake Chabot Road Hill Road, Lake Chabot Road bus stops Castro Valley BART station 1/4 to 1/2 mile radius of Castro Valley signage between Castro Valley BART station Boulevard to BART station AC Transit Castro Valley Transbay Bus Stop Access Improvements Castro Valley BART station Pedestrian Wayfinding Buena Vista Avenue Safe Routes to Transit Buena Vista Avenue Tesla Rd to East Ave Improved bus stops, access to bus stops AC Transit San Lorenzo Transbay Bus Stop Hesperian Blvd, Via Grande, bus stops along Hesperian Blvd, Via Improved bus stops, access to Access Improvements Via Alamitos Grande, Via Alamitos bus stops Ashland $1,700 Castro Valley TBD Castro Valley TBD East County $146 San Lorenzo TBD Subtotal $1,846 TRAIL PROJECTS Coliseum BART to Bay Trail Connector Study Oakland Coliseum and San Francisco Bay Trail Coliseum BART Station to Martin Luther King, Jr. Regional shoreline - San Francisco Bay Trail Western Boulevard Trail Corridor Study Western Boulevard Hayward CL/Sunset Blvd to San Leandro CL/ Bayfair BART Feasibility study - best option for safe ped travel Add or improve pedestrian facilities along railroad corridor, high density housing, mixed use developments East County Trail Connections East County connections to existing trails trail connections, signage at trailheads Alameda County Ashland, Cherryland East County $2,400 $250 TBD Subtotal $2,650 TRAFFIC CALMING Grove Way Bulb-out and Refuge Island Grove Way Redwood Rd to Center St Traffic calming - Bulb outs, Castro Valley $200 Project Refuge Islands Traffic Calming Projects Various locations Various locations Traffic calming improvements, Alameda $1,325 signs and median islands County Buena Vista Avenue Improvement Project Buena Vista Ave Tesla Road to East Avenue Traffic calming improvements East County $1,000 Hillcrest Knolls Walkability Study Hillcrest Knolls Hillcrest Knolls neighborhood streets Community-based planning process to improve walking access in Hillcrest Knolls Hillcrest Knolls $100 Subtotal $2,625 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 51

68 Project Name Project Location Project Extent Project Description Community Estimated Cost ($000) BICYCLE/PEDESTRIAN RAMP/SHOULDER IMPROVEMENTS Crow Canyon Road Safety Improvements - Phase I (Environmental Assessment & Preliminary Engineering) E Castro Valley Blvd Bike Lanes and Shoulder Widening - Phase I, from Villareal Drive to Dublin Canyon Rd Bicycle/Pedestrian Ramps/ Shoulder Improvement Projects at Various Locations in the Alameda County Unincorporated Areas E Castro Valley Blvd Bike Lanes and Shoulder Widening - Phase II, from Jensen Rd to Villareal Drive Crow Canyon Road Safety Improvements - Phase II (Construction) Crow Canyon Road E Castro Valley Blvd. E. Castro Valley Blvd and Alameda/Contra Costa County line Villareal Dr to Palo Verde Rd/ Dublin Canyon Rd Widen shoulders, Roadway safety measures Widen shoulders, Class 2 bike lanes Various locations Various locations Sidewalk improvements for pedestrian safety E Castro Valley Blvd. Jensen Rd to Villareal Dr Widen shoulders, Class 2 bike lanes Castro Valley $969 Castro Valley $303 Alameda County $960 Castro Valley $1,500 Crow Canyon Road E. Castro Valley Blvd and Widen shoulders, Roadway Castro Valley $31,400 Alameda/Contra Costa County line safety measures Mines Road Preliminary Realignment Mines Road Various locations Widen shoulders East County $220 East County Roadways Widening/ Shoulder Improvement on Doolan Road East County Roadways Widening/ Shoulder Improvement on Mines Rd East County Roadways Widening/ Shoulder Improvement on Tesla Rd East County Roadways Widening/ Shoulder Improvement on Calaveras Rd East County Roadways Widening/ Shoulder Improvement on Pleasanton-Sunol Rd Doolan Road Various locations Widen shoulders East County TBD Mines Road Various locations Widen shoulders East County TBD Tesla Road Various locations Widen shoulders East County TBD Calaveras Road Various locations Widen shoulders Sunol TBD Pleasanton-Sunol Road Various locations Widen shoulders Sunol TBD Subtotal $35,352 TOTAL $186, PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

69 Table 5 Pedestrian Project Priorities by Community Project Name Project Type Community Estimated Cost ($000) Funding Available ($000) Estimated Cost or Shortfall Coliseum BART to Bay Trail Connector Study Trail Alameda County 2, ,850 Traffic Signal Projects Crossing Alameda County Traffic Calming Projects Traffic Calming Alameda County Bicycle/Pedestrian Ramps/ Shoulder Improvement Projects at Various Shoulder Alameda County ,116 Locations in the Alameda County Unincorporated Areas Alameda County Total E 14th Street/Mission Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase I Streetscape Ashland 6,393 6,393 0 (150th to 162nd) E 14th Street/Mission Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase II Streetscape Ashland 10,000 4,000 6,000 (162nd Ave to E. Lewelling Blvd.) Lewelling Blvd./ E Lewelling Blvd. Improvements Project - Phase I: Streetscape Ashland 17,500 12,500 5,000 Construction Safe Routes to School - Edendale Middle School School Ashland th Ave Improvements from Liberty St to Marcella St Sidewalk Ashland nd Ave Improvements from Liberty St to Marcella St Sidewalk Ashland th Ave Improvements from Liberty St to Los Banos St Sidewalk Ashland Sidewalk (Curb & Gutter) Repair/ Replacement at 165th Ave Sidewalk Ashland th Ave Improvements from Los Banos St to E 14th St Sidewalk Ashland Los Banos Street Improvements from 165th Ave to 170th Ave Sidewalk Ashland 1, ,500 Ashland Community Transit Access Project (ACTAP) Transit Access Ashland 1,700 1,700 0 Lewelling Blvd./ E Lewelling Blvd. Improvements Project - Phase II Streetscape Ashland 10, ,000 Maubert Ave Improvements from Tanager Ave to 162nd Ave Sidewalk Ashland Lewelling Boulevard Underground Utility District Streetscape Ashland 4,435 4, rd Ave Improvements from Maubert Ave to Helo Dr Sidewalk Ashland Safe Routes to School - Hillside Elementary School School Ashland Ashland Total 55,159 29,578 25,581 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 53

70 Project Name Project Type Community Estimated Cost ($000) Funding Available ($000) Estimated Cost or Shortfall Safe Routes to School - Mountain House Middle & Elementary School School Byron Byron Total Stanton Avenue Sidewalk Sidewalk Castro Valley 1, ,167 Traffic Signal Timing Project - Castro Valley Boulevard Crossing Castro Valley AC Transit Castro Valley Transbay Bus Stop Access Improvements Transit Access Castro Valley TBD 0 TBD Lake Chabot Road Sidewalk Sidewalk Castro Valley Sidewalk (Curb & Gutter) Installation along one side of Orange Ave Sidewalk Castro Valley between Grove Way and I-580 Somerset Avenue Sidewalk Sidewalk Castro Valley 2, ,000 Traffic Signal - Lake Chabot Laurel Grove Hospital Crossing Castro Valley Traffic Signal and Median Project - Redwood Vegas Avenue Crossing Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Marshall Elementary School School Castro Valley Castro Valley Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase I Streetscape Castro Valley 6,000 6,000 0 Castro Valley Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase II Streetscape Castro Valley 4, ,500 Castro Valley Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase III Streetscape Castro Valley 4, ,500 Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Anita Avenue Sidewalk Castro Valley TBD 0 TBD Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Heyer Avenue Sidewalk Castro Valley TBD 0 TBD Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - San Miguel Sidewalk Castro Valley TBD 0 TBD Avenue Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Santa Maria Sidewalk Castro Valley TBD 0 TBD Avenue Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Mabel Avenue Sidewalk Castro Valley TBD 0 TBD Castro Valley Boulevard/ Redwood Rd Intersection Improvements Crossing Castro Valley Traffic Signal Project - Castro Valley Wisteria St/ Rutledge Crossing Castro Valley Rd Traffic Signal Project - Redwood Mabel Avenue Crossing Castro Valley Traffic Signal Project - Somerset Santa Maria Avenue Crossing Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Castro Valley High School School Castro Valley PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

71 Project Name Project Type Community Estimated Cost ($000) Funding Available ($000) Estimated Cost or Shortfall Safe Routes to School - Chabot Elementary School School Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Redwood Christian School (Private) School Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Stanton Elementary School School Castro Valley Castro Valley BART station Pedestrian Wayfinding Transit Access Castro Valley TBD 0 TBD Crow Canyon Road Safety Improvements - Phase I (Environmental Shoulder Castro Valley Assessment & Preliminary Engineering) Heyer Avenue Driveway Bulb-out Project Streetscape Castro Valley Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Christensen Lane Sidewalk Castro Valley TBD 0 TBD Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Marshall Street Sidewalk Castro Valley TBD 0 TBD Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Proctor Road Sidewalk Castro Valley TBD 0 TBD Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Stanton Avenue Sidewalk Castro Valley TBD 0 TBD Traffic Signal Project - Stanton Strobridge Avenue Crossing Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Castro Valley Elementary School School Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Jensen Ranch Elementary School School Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Our Lady of Grace (Private) School Castro Valley Grove Way Bulb-out and Refuge Island Project Traffic Calming Castro Valley E Castro Valley Blvd Bike Lanes and Shoulder Widening - Phase I, from Shoulder Castro Valley Villareal Drive to Dublin Canyon Rd Traffic Signal Timing Project - Castro Valley Boulevard at Crow Canyon Crossing Castro Valley Rd/Center St/Grove Way Traffic Signal Project - Crow Canyon Norris Canyon Road Crossing Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Camelot School (Private) School Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Canyon Middle School School Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Independent Elementary School School Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Proctor Elementary School School Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Strobridge Elementary School School Castro Valley Safe Routes to School - Vannoy Elementary School School Castro Valley PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 55

72 Project Name Project Type Community Estimated Cost ($000) Funding Available ($000) Estimated Cost or Shortfall E Castro Valley Blvd Bike Lanes and Shoulder Widening - Phase II, from Shoulder Castro Valley 1, ,500 Jensen Rd to Villareal Drive Crow Canyon Road Safety Improvements - Phase II (Construction) Shoulder Castro Valley 31, ,180 Castro Valley Total 58,998 8,271 50,727 Cherryland Sidewalks Project - Phases 1, 2, and 3 Sidewalk Cherryland 16,389 16,389 0 E 14th Street/Mission Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase III Streetscape Cherryland 13,000 5,000 8,000 (E. Lewelling Blvd. to Rufus Court) Western Boulevard Trail Corridor Study Trail Cherryland Grove Way Improvements from Meekland Ave to Western Blvd Sidewalk Cherryland 1, ,500 Safe Routes to School - Cherryland Elementary School Cherryland 1,345 1,345 0 Safe Routes to School - Colonial Acres: Safe Routes to School School Cherryland Poplar Ave Improvements from Princeton St to Meekland Ave Sidewalk Cherryland Safe Routes to School - Lorenzo Manor Elementary School School Cherryland Cherryland Total 33,857 23,182 10,675 Buena Vista Avenue Safe Routes to Transit Transit Access East County Traffic Signal Project - Tesla Road at South Vasco Road Crossing East County Traffic Signal Project - Altamont Pass Greenville Road Crossing East County Traffic Signal Project - Altamont Pass North Front Road Crossing East County Traffic Signal Project - Vasco Dalton Avenue Crossing East County Buena Vista Avenue Improvement Project Traffic Calming East County 1, ,000 East County Trail Connections Trail East County TBD 0 TBD Mines Road Preliminary Realignment Shoulder East County East County Roadways Widening/ Shoulder Improvement on Doolan Shoulder East County TBD 0 TBD Road East County Roadways Widening/ Shoulder Improvement on Mines Shoulder East County TBD 0 TBD Road East County Roadways Widening/ Shoulder Improvement on Tesla Rd Shoulder East County TBD 0 TBD East County Total 2, , PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

73 Project Name Project Type Community Estimated Cost ($000) Funding Available ($000) Estimated Cost or Shortfall Safe Routes to School - Montessori Elementary School (Private) School El Portal Ridge El Portal Ridge Total Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - East Avenue Sidewalk Fairview TBD 0 TBD Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - D Street Sidewalk Fairview TBD 0 TBD Safe Routes to School - East Avenue Elementary School School Fairview Safe Routes to School - Hayward High School School Fairview Fairview Avenue Pathway Sidewalk Fairview Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Maud Avenue Sidewalk Fairview TBD 0 TBD Safe Routes to School - Fairview Elementary School School Fairview Fairview Total E 14th Street/Mission Boulevard Streetscape Improvements - Phase III Streetscape Hayward 8, ,000 Hayward Total 8, ,000 Hillcrest Knolls Walkability Study Traffic Calming Hillcrest Knolls Hillcrest Knolls Total Hesperian Streetscape Improvements - Phase I Streetscape San Lorenzo 4,300 4,300 0 Hesperian Streetscape Improvements - Phase II Streetscape San Lorenzo 1, ,600 Hesperian Streetscape Improvements - Phase III Streetscape San Lorenzo Hesperian Streetscape Improvements - Phase IV Streetscape San Lorenzo Hesperian Streetscape Improvements - Phase V Streetscape San Lorenzo Hesperian Streetscape Improvements - Undergrounding Utilities Streetscape San Lorenzo 4, ,000 Grant Avenue Streetscape Improvements Streetscape San Lorenzo 1, ,500 AC Transit San Lorenzo Transbay Bus Stop Access Improvements Transit Access San Lorenzo TBD 0 TBD Washington Ave Widening (FAU A163) San Lorenzo Creek to Grant Sidewalk San Lorenzo 2, ,500 Ave Safe Routes to School - Arroyo High School School San Lorenzo PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 57

74 Project Name Project Type Community Estimated Cost ($000) Funding Available ($000) Estimated Cost or Shortfall Safe Routes to School - Grant Elementary School School San Lorenzo Bartlett Ave Improvements from Royal Ave to End Sidewalk San Lorenzo Garden Ave Improvement from "A" St to Bartlett Ave Sidewalk San Lorenzo Royal Avenue Sidewalk Sidewalk San Lorenzo Safe Routes to School - San Lorenzo High School School San Lorenzo Hacienda Avenue Sidewalk Sidewalk San Lorenzo Traffic Signal Project - Grant Channel Street Crossing San Lorenzo Safe Routes to School - Bohannon Middle School School San Lorenzo Safe Routes to School - Royal Sunset Continuation School School San Lorenzo Lupine Way Improvements from Garden Ave to End Sidewalk San Lorenzo Sidewalk Construction Program for Planning Area 2 - Royal Avenue Sidewalk San Lorenzo TBD 0 TBD West Sunset Blvd Improvement from Garden Ave to Hesperian Blvd Sidewalk San Lorenzo TBD 0 TBD Safe Routes to School - Bay Elementary School School San Lorenzo Safe Routes to School - Calvery Lutheran School (Private) School San Lorenzo Safe Routes to School - Challenger School (Private) School San Lorenzo Safe Routes to School - Del Rey Elementary School School San Lorenzo Safe Routes to School - Hesperian Elementary School School San Lorenzo San Lorenzo Total 19,719 4,616 15,103 Sunol Town Center Streetscape & Pedestrian Improvements Streetscape Sunol 1, ,065 Main Street Improvements in Sunol Streetscape Sunol 1, ,300 Safe Routes to School - Sunol Glen School School Sunol East County Roadways Widening/ Shoulder Improvement on Calaveras Shoulder Sunol TBD 0 TBD Rd East County Roadways Widening/ Shoulder Improvement on Shoulder Sunol TBD 0 TBD Pleasanton-Sunol Rd Sunol Total 2, ,865 Grand Total 186,946 70, , PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

75 Funding Sources Proposed projects in the Pedestrian Master Plan will be funded by a variety of local, regional, state and federal sources (Table 6). Some sources are specifically for pedestrian and/or bicycle projects, while other are for larger transportation projects of which pedestrian improvements are only a small component. Pedestrian projects may compete with the other modes of transportation for these funding sources. Table 6 Primary Funding Sources for Pedestrian Projects and Programs Category Federal Funding Congestion Mitigation and Air Quality Improvement Program (CMAQ) Surface Transportation Program (STP) Overview Federal block grant program for projects in Clean Air Act nonattainment areas that help attain the national ambient air quality standards stated in the 1990 Clean Air Act amendments. Funds may be used for either the construction of pedestrian walkways or non-construction projects (such as maps, brochures, and public service announcements.) In the San Francisco Bay Area, the program is administered by the Metropolitan Transportation Commission (MTC). MTC has established policies to guide funding decisions for the first (FY and ) and second (FY and ) funding cycles. Funds for the first two cycles have been programmed. The third cycle (FY and ) is expected to be adopted by the commission in Spring To qualify, a project must be included in the current or next Regional Transportation Improvement Program (RTIP) submitted by MTC. The estimated distribution to MTC is $61,349,577. Federal block grant program for a variety of transportation projects including pedestrian walkways and preservation of abandoned railway corridors for pedestrian and bicycle trails. Activities that provide modification of public sidewalks to comply with the Americans with Disabilities Act are eligible for program funds. As with CMAQ, the federal program is administered by MTC and funding decisions are guided by the same set of policies and timeline. (See above) PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 59

76 Category Transportation Enhancement Activities (TEA) Hazard Elimination Safety Program (HES) Recreational Trails Program (RTP) Overview The TEA (also referred to as TE) program funds transportation projects that help enhance the travel experience. The 12 eligible TEA categories include three that are pedestrian-oriented: bicycle and pedestrian facilities, bicycle and pedestrian educational activities and preservation of abandoned railway corridors for bicycle and pedestrian use. TEA funds are allocated from each State s STP program (ten percent). As such, the program is also administered by MTC and is governed by the same set of policies as STP and CMAQ. The overall federal share of each State s TEA is 80 percent however, the matching ratio for individual projects varies. The matching funds may come from other federal programs. Funds for this program are also allocated from each State s STP (ten percent) to address safety issues on all public roads and highways. Eligible activities include survey of hazardous locations and projects on any publicly owned pedestrian pathway or trail, or any safety-related traffic calming measure. The maximum HES reimbursement ratio is 90 percent and the maximum reimbursement amount is $360,000 for each project. Program funds are administered by the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) which has established guidelines to determine program eligibility. Application for FY was due on April 15, 2005 at any Caltrans office. RTP annually provides monies for recreational trails and trail-related projects. Of the federal appropriated funds to each state, 30 percent must be used for motorized trailed uses, 30 percent for non-motorized trail uses, and 40 percent for diverse trail uses. On the federal level, RTP is administered by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) and on the state level, the California Department of Parks and Recreation (DPR). Non-motorized projects are administered by the Department of Officers of Grants and Local Services. RTP reimburses up to 80 percent of the project cost. Up to 95 percent of the total project cost may come from federal sources. About $2.2 million is available for non-motorized projects each year. It operates on a two-year funding cycle and the next application filing deadline is October 3, PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

77 Category Safe, Accountable, Flexible, Efficient Transportation Equity Act: A Legacy for Users (SAFETEA-LU) Safe Routes to School Transit Enhancement Activity Program Federal Lands Highway Program (FLHP) National Highway System funds (NHS) Community Development Block Grants Entitlement Program (CDBG) Overview The new federal transportation act (SAFETEA-LU), enacted in August 2005 as the reauthorization of TEA-21, will provide $23.4 billion in federal funds to California through 2009 for highways, transit, and transportation safety. The new act differs from TEA-21 by increasing the focus on safety. In addition to augmenting funding levels to previously established safety programs, SAFETEA-LU introduces new discretionary and formula grants aimed at reducing travel-related hazards through increased law enforcement and safety-related planning. New federal safety grant programs include Highway Safety Improvement, High Risk Rural Roads, Safety Belt Performance Grants, and Safe Routes to School. The federal program was initiated as part of SafeTEA-LU legislation. This program would be administered through Caltrans. Created by TEA-21, the Transit Enhancement Activity program set aside one percent of the Urbanized Area Formula Grant funds for projects including improvement of pedestrian access and walkways. Eligible projects are funded at 95 percent level. FLHP provides funding for public roads on federal land. Provisions for pedestrians are eligible under various categories within the program. Eligible projects are fully funded by the program. In California, the program is administered by the Central Federal Lands Highway Division. NHS funds may be used to construct pedestrian walkways on land adjacent to any highway on the National Highway System, including interstate highways. Funds are administered by Caltrans. CDBG funds may be used for community based projects that revitalize neighborhoods, stimulate economic development and provide community facilities and services such as commercial district streetscape improvements, sidewalk improvements, safe routes to school, or other neighborhood-based bicycling and walking facilities that improve local transportation options. dex.cfm A project example is: Sidewalk construction on 165 th Avenue between East 14 th Street and Liberty Street. With CDBG monies, sidewalk gaps were filled on 167 th Avenue and sidewalks were installed on 168 th Avenue. Others TEA-21 also allows the Urbanized Area Formula Grants, Capital Investment Grants and Loans, and Formula Program for Other than Urbanized Area transit funds to be used for improving pedestrian access to transit facilities and vehicles. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 61

78 Category Overview State Funding Community Based Transportation Planning (CBTP) Environmental Enhancement and Mitigation Program (EEMP) Environmental Justice (EJ) Habitat Conservation Fund (HCF) Office of Traffic Safety (OTS) Program Regional Improvement Program (RIP) Transportation Development Act Safe Routes to School Program (SR2S) SB 10 The CBTP grant program is primarily used to seed planning activities that encourage livable communities including projects that improve mobility and transportation choices. The EEMP funds projects that offset environmental impacts of modified or new public transportation facilities such as streets, Park & Ride facilities and transit stations. This program is NOT funded for FY and future funding is in question. The Environmental Justice Program promotes context sensitive planning in diverse communities and provides means to help lowincome, minority and Native American communities, including community based organizations (CBOs) become active stakeholders in transportation planning and project development The program funds up to $250,000 per eligible application. The application deadline for FY was October 15, The HCF program provides a competitive grant program. Trail projects, land acquisition and wildlife corridor restoration qualify for the trails/programs/urban access category. The primary objective of the program is to reduce motor vehicle fatalities and injuries. A bicycle and pedestrian safety program should include the following three components: education, enforcement and engineering. State funding for a variety of transportation projects such as carpool lanes, transit stations and bicycle and pedestrian facilities. The RIP also is referred to as the STIP. TDA dedicates 0.25 percent from the statewide sales tax to public transportation support. Article 3 of the Act allows MTC to set aside two percent of the total TDA funds for bicycle and pedestrian projects. The program is administered by MTC through the Alameda County Congestion Management Agency (ACCMA). The FY funding target for unincorporated Alameda County is around $147, Application deadline was January 7, The SR2S program funds projects that improve the safety of pedestrian and bicycle routes to/from schools. Alameda County has won several SR2S grants such as 2004 s Colonial Acres Elementary School project for $448,200 and 2003 s Cherryland Elementary School project. 62 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

79 Category Regional Funding Measure B Bicycle/ Pedestrian Countywide Discretionary Fund Safe Routes to Transit Program San Francisco Bay Trail Grants San Francisco Bay Area Ridge Trail and San Francisco Coastal Conservancy Grant Transportation Fund for Clean Air (TFCA) Overview Measure B is a one-half cent transportation sales tax with over five percent of the monies allocated to bicycle and pedestrian projects and programs. The majority of the funds (75 percent) are distributed directly to the local jurisdictions. The remaining 25 percent of the funds are competitive. Eligible projects for the competitive funds include sidewalks, curb ramps, transit access, plans and educational programs. Operations and maintenance projects are ineligible. In Alameda County, the program is administered by the Alameda County Transportation Improvement Agency. The application deadline for FY allocation was January 7, A pedestrian project example is: the Cherryland Redevelopment Pedestrian Improvement Project (Alameda County): $460,000. The Safe Routes to Transit program was approved as part of Regional Measure 2. The $20 million Safe Route to Transit Program is sponsored by the Transportation and Land Use Coalition (TALC) and the East Bay Bicycle Coalition (EBBC). MTC serves as the local agency fund administrator. $3.8 million to complete gaps in Bay Trail up to $500,000 in grants to complete Ridge Trail from Proposition 40 Transportation Fund for Clean Air (TFCA) funds are generated by a $4 motor vehicle surcharge paid on all motor vehicles registered in the Bay Area. Pedestrian improvements are eligible under the Smart Growth Project category. Funds are available via two channels: o Regional Fund Allocated directly by the Bay Area Air Quality Management District (BAAQMD) $10 million is available for FY Minimum grant is $10,000 and maximum is $1.5 million Application deadline is June 30, 2005 o County Manager Program Fund Allocated via the Alameda County Congestion Management Agency (ACCMA) FY funding target for unincorporated Alameda County is $325,603 FY application deadline was January 7, 2005 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 63

80 Category Transportation for Livable Community (TLC) Local Funding Redevelopment Agency Projects Overview TLC is a MTC program that funds projects that are developed through inclusive community planning effort, provide for a range for transportation choices, and support connectivity between transportation investments and land uses. The program has three main components: capital grants, planning grants and housing incentive program and focuses on improving town centers, key streets and public transit hubs to foster community vitality. The Redevelopment Agency manages two redevelopment areas. The Eden Area includes sections of Castro Valley, Cherryland, Foothill, Mount Eden and San Lorenzo. The San Leandro Joint Area includes portions of San Lorenzo. The Redevelopment Agency receives tax increment monies to alleviate blight. Pedestrian project examples include: o Ashland Community Transit Access Project: $1,700,000 o Cherryland Sidewalks Project: $7,415,910 o E. 14 th Street / Mission Blvd. Streetscape Improvement Project: $4,762,548 o Hesperian Streetscape Project: $5,905,710 o San Lorenzo Sidewalk Repair Project $500,000 Road Fund This program is funded through the state gas tax revenues. The Road Fund is used mainly to fund roadway maintenance yet also is used for local match requirements and transportation support programs such as traffic engineering, planning and administration. Development Fees Local government agencies charge developers a developer impact fee to offset the public costs required to accommodate new development with public infrastructure. Developer fees generally are used for local rather than regional improvements. 64 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

81 Implementation Programs Several programs are already in place to support and encourage walking in Alameda County. These includes school safety programs as well as health department programs that encourage walking as part of an overall healthy living regimen. These programs are briefly described below. Pedestrian Activity Areas Walkable Neighborhoods for Seniors (WN4S) The most notable pedestrian education and marketing program in Alameda County is the Walkable Neighborhood for Seniors program, which is funded by the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation and managed by the United Seniors of Oakland and Alameda County. The geographic focus is Oakland, Cherryland and Ashland. The activities include walking clubs with designated walking routes, walkability surveys and walkable community workshops. WN4S main goals are to increase public and policymakers awareness on the benefits of walking for older adults, increase older adult pedestrian safety and walking behavior, and develop a broad base coalition/taskforce to implement a work plan that promotes environmental and policy changes. Urban Trails Program to install pedestrian signage and maps in pedestrian activity areas. Safe Route to School Program Walk to School Week (W2SW) - Walk to School Week encourages schools to come together to promote the importance of walking. Walk to School Week is the first week in October. The program seeks to raise awareness of how enjoyable and easy walking is, the importance of teaching children safe walking behavior, and taking steps to create more walkable communities. In Alameda County, thousands of children, parents, and teachers participate in the program. Walking School Bus The Walking School Bus program helps to establish adult-supervised groups of children that walk to school together. This program has been implemented with the County Department of Public Health at Cherryland and Hillside Elementary Schools. School Crossing Guards The County of Alameda Adult Crossing Guards program is based on Caltrans MUTCD. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 65

82 Adult Crossing Guards normally are assigned where official supervision of elementary school pedestrians is desirable while they cross a public highway on the Suggested Route to School, and at least 40 elementary school pedestrians for each of any two hours (not necessarily consecutive) daily use the crossing while going to or from school. Adult crossing guards maybe used under the following conditions: At uncontrolled crossings where there is no alternate controlled crossing within 180 m At stop sign-controlled crossing At traffic signal-controlled crossings There are currently 18 crossing guards located at elementary schools within the unincorporated areas of Alameda County. Installation and Maintenance Pedestrian Access Sidewalk Infill Program The Public Works Agency would establish a Pedestrian Access Sidewalk Infill Program. The primary program goals are to improve pedestrian access in the unincorporated areas of Alameda County and construct as many sidewalk links along the Pedestrian Activity Corridors each year as funding allows. The Sidewalk Infill Program identifies sidewalk gaps, sets sidewalk gap closure priority, and seeks funding for sidewalk installation. The program monitors sidewalk infill projects. The sidewalk projects are re-evaluated every other year. An annual report is produce to inform the community about the program progress. Curb Ramp Program - The County installs ADA curb ramps by request and as a part of a pavement rehabilitation project (overlay and reconstruction). Enforcement School Double-Fine School Zones - In April 2003, the County of Alameda implemented double fines on traffic violations within the specially posted school zones in Alameda County. Traffic violations committed in the proximity to occupied school grounds would be assessed increased fines and penalties. The funds accrued from these increased penalties are set aside to pay for school pedestrian and bicyclist safety and education programs. 66 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

83 Technical Assistance Programs that provide technical assistance include: MTC TETAP and SafetyTAP for pedestrian safety assessment and improvements Pedestrian Planning Workshop ITS Programs Education and Outreach California State Automobile Association (CSAA) - California State Automobile Association provide education programs and brochures. Alameda County Area Agency on Aging (AAA) - The Area Agency on Aging (AAA) is the local arm of the national aging network. Federal, state, local governments, private agencies (not for profit as well as for profit), work together to advance the social and economic health and well being of elders (60 and over) in Alameda County. An Advisory Commission on Aging (ACA), made up of representatives concerned about the needs and interests of elders in Alameda County, and appointed by the Board of Supervisors, the Conference of Mayors, and the ACA, work in concert with the staff of the AAA to develop, plan, and administer, programs designed to assist elders and their caregivers in the county. United Seniors of Alameda County - United Seniors of Alameda County seeks to develop a broad-base coalition/task force and implement a work plan that promotes environmental and policy changes, encourages neighborhood walkability that is both safety related and champions walking behavior. Public Health collaboration and partnerships, including the following: Kaiser Permanente has programs that promote health and fitness, including the 10,000 Steps program. East Bay Regional Parks Trails Challenge to promote health and fitness through walking and hiking. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 67

84 Description of Key Pedestrian Projects For key pedestrian projects, Project Fact Sheet were developed that can be used for funding applications. The key projects include pedestrian projects throughout the unincorporated areas and represent several different types of projects ranging from trail corridors to streetscape improvements to school and transit access improvements. These key pedestrian projects are shown in For each of these projects, a brief overview is provided below that focuses on the pedestrian issues to be addressed by the improvement. The Project Fact Sheets for these projects are included in the Appendix. 1- Coliseum BART to Bay Trail Connector This project in Oakland would increase public access to recreational areas and the San Francisco Bay Trail, and has the potential to connect bicyclists and pedestrians with BART, Amtrak, and AC Transit. 2 - Western Boulevard Trail Corridor Study This study would determine the feasibility of developing a multi-use pathway along BART s elevated tracks, which would link the communities of Ashland and Cherryland to neighboring cities and provide connections to Cherryland Elementary School, Hayward Continuation and Adult School, Bayfair Mall in San Leandro, and several BART Stations. 3 - Marshall Elementary School Safe Routes to School This project in Castro Valley would fill in sidewalk gaps around the school s perimeter and improve roadway crossings for pedestrians near the school entrances on Marshall Street and Omega Avenue by installing highvisibility, textured crosswalks, in-roadway crosswalk lights, curb ramps, and detectable warnings for the visuallyimpaired. 4 - Stanton Elementary School Safe Routes to School This project in Castro Valley would institute an education and outreach program, fill in sidewalk gaps around the school s perimeter and improve roadway crossings for pedestrians on Stanton Avenue and Somerset Avenue near the school by installing high-visibility, raised crosswalks with in-roadway crosswalk lights. 68 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

85 5 - Fairview Elementary School Safe Routes to School This project in Fairview would institute an education and outreach program, fill in sidewalk gaps on Maud Avenue, and improve roadway crossings for pedestrians on Maud Avenue near the school by installing high-visibility, raised crosswalks with in-roadway crosswalk lights and signage. 6 - Sunol Glen School Safe Routes to School This project in Sunol would include pedestrian bulb-outs and crosswalk upgrading at the Bond Street-Main Street intersection, narrowing vehicle travel lanes on Bond Street, and reconfiguring the school s parking lot to reduce pedestrian-vehicle conflicts and to improve vehicular circulation. 7 Buena Vista Avenue - Safe Routes to Transit This project would install a bus pad and improve wheelchair accessibility on the southern leg of Buena Vista Avenue s intersection with East Avenue (a major transit roadway in Livermore), and provide a pedestrian pathway on Buena Vista Avenue, and develop a plan in conjunction with the City of Livermore to improve pedestrian crossings across East Avenue. 8 - Lewelling Boulevard Streetscape Improvements This project in Ashland would improve pedestrian and motorist conditions by widening sidewalks, upgrading landscaping, and increasing the number of vehicle travel lanes but reducing lane widths. 9 - Hesperian Boulevard Streetscape Improvements This project in San Lorenzo would reorient this corridor to incorporate pedestrians and bicycles by narrowing vehicle travel lanes, adding bike lanes, undergrounding of utilities, widening sidewalks, installing high-visibility crosswalks, and upgrading bus shelters, street plantings, and other pedestrian amenities on the corridor between Interstate 880 and A Street Castro Valley Boulevard Streetscape Improvements This project in Castro Valley would enhance the pedestrian and bicycling environment by widening sidewalks, installing intersection bulb-outs, reducing vehicle travel lanes, adding bike lanes, and upgrading transit stops, landscaping, and street furniture from John Street to Marshall Street. PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS 69

86 11 - Grant Avenue Streetscape Improvements This project in San Lorenzo would upgrade conditions for pedestrians by widening and improving pedestrian pathways, resolving drainage issues, installing pedestrianscale lighting, and installing landscaping Hillcrest Knolls Walkability Study Employing a community-based planning process in this neighborhood near San Leandro, this project would identify issues and concerns focusing on the livability and walking access in this area, producing a feasibility study that includes environmental assessment, as well as preliminary design and engineering. 70 PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS

87 APPENDICES PEDESTRIAN MASTER PLAN FOR UNINCORPORATED AREAS A-1