Gait Analyser. Description of Walking Performance
|
|
- Samson Osborne
- 11 months ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Gait Analyser Description of Walking Performance This brochure will help you to understand clearly the parameters described in the report of the Gait Analyser, provide you with tips to implement the walking trials, and support you for the interpretation of the walking performances of your patients. Some parameters have been shown to be relevant and interesting for patients with particular conditions. The following pictograms will suggest them to you: Parkinson Stroke Elderly Cerebral Palsy Orthopaedic Note: These pictograms are provided for information purposes and should not be considered as diagnostic. They are based on independent findings from the literature but may not reflect an exhaustive evaluation of motor symptoms of the abovementioned mobility diseases.
2 Walking protocol recommendations In general, if you wish to study several types of walking exercises, it is better to record one file per exercise, instead of diverse types of exercises in a single file. This will allow clearer statistical understanding of the walking performances for each exercise. Here is a very simple typical gait test that can be performed in a corridor. The distance can be shortened if required by the subject s disability, or extended to better study long-term stride-to-stride fluctuations: If you wish to evaluate accurate forward gait performances without extrinsic variations due to turns and initiation & termination, these should be discarded; tick Discard Turns and Discard Initiation & Termination (we recommend to discard two steps for initiation and termination Yuancheng J. et. al 1993) in the option menu of the software prior to performing data analysis. To study walking movement during the figure of eight exercise, do not discard the turns. Note that the following descriptions are relevant when the patient walks freely. The algorithm is robust for gait activity on flat ground, not for stair climbing, walking on slopes, running, or any other type of activity.
3 Essentials Speed, the walking stride velocity is the mean speed of forward walking, calculated in meters per second. When no specific instructions are given during the gait test, walking speed reflects spontaneous self-selected speed of the subject, and thus provides a general information about his/her walking performance. In addition to the colour code provided by the software, the following table gives typical figures related to gait speed: Gait Speed (m/s) Interpretation > 1.30 Comfortable speed for Men up to their 70s, Women up to their 50s* > 1.25 Comfortable speed for Women up to their 70s* > 1.22 Sufficient speed to cross the street ** < 0.6 Predicts future risks of falls & hospitalizations*** * Bohannon et al., 1997 ** Langlois et al., 1997 *** Studenski et al., 2003 It has been shown that 5 years survival rate can be predicted from gait speed, age, and gender for patients above 65 y.o. (Studenski et al., 2011). Speed can also be normalized to gender and/or height in order to compare different groups of subjects.
4 Variability is the coefficient of variation of cycle duration in percent. Young and healthy elderly have been shown to have a typical variability around 2 to 3% (Hausdorff et al., 1998). Lower variability can be interpreted as rigidity, whereas higher variability can be seen as instability. This parameter has been shown to be interesting in particular to evaluate Parkinson s disease progression (Hausdorff et al. 2006, Hausdorff et al. 2009), and to predict the risk of fall for elderly patients (Hausdorff et al., 2001). Note that this parameter is only significant in a protocol where the subject walks freely for a substantial duration (typically more than 20 cycles) (Lindemann et al., 2008). Symmetry is the ratio of swing times which compares the time in the air for the two feet, in percent. It has been shown that mean swing time ratio is the most significant parameter to study symmetry. It has been shown to be typically around 1.02% for healthy people, and around 1.23% stroke patients (Patterson et al., 2012) This parameter has been shown to be interesting to evaluate the functional progression of gait in patients with Stroke (Petterson et al., 2008). It has also been studied in children with Cerebral Palsy (Prosser et al., 2010)
5 Temporal Cycle time is the absolute time when the heel strikes the ground. If you are recording a trial with several exercises of particular duration (30s, 1mn, ), it can help you find the moment where the patient changes exercise within the entire trial. Cycle duration is the duration of one cycle. The two feet should have similar cycle durations. If they don t, it may be that the patient presents a shuffling gait. Cadence is the number of cycles in a minute. Cadence is different from speed, since a small person may have to walk with a higher cadence to have the same speed than a much taller person. Cadence has been shown to be a stable parameter over age (Winter et al., 1990). Stance is the portion of the cycle during which part of the foot touches the ground. Normal stance is around 60% of gait cycle duration. Stance can be divided into three phases: Loading, Foot flat and Push. Frail patients tend to increase their stance for safety.
6 Swing is the portion of the cycle during which the foot is in the air and does not touch the ground. Normal swing is about 40% of gait cycle duration. Swing may be increased for example when there is an important lateral excursion (circumduction) and its asymmetry may be associated with limping. See Symmetry in essentials. Loading phase is the portion of the stance between the heel strike and the foot being flat on the ground. Foot-flat phase is the portion of the stance where the foot is fully flat on the ground. Frail patients may tend to increase their foot flat period since it is the most stable (e.g. safer) phase of the walk. Pushing phase is the portion of the stance between the foot being flat on the ground and the toe leaving the ground at take-off. Double support is the portion of the cycle where both feet touch the ground. This parameter may increase oppositely to speed, in order to increase patient s stability during walking (longer time spent with both feet still on the ground).
7 Spatial Stride Length describes the distance between two successive footprints on the ground, from the heel of a foot to the heel of the same foot, one cycle after. This parameter may be strongly influenced by anthropometric factors: if the subject is tall, he may have a higher stride length. Stride Velocity is the forward speed of one cycle. It is a general measure of subject s fitness since higher speed is a marker of more confidence and physical ability. See Speed in essentials. Peak Angle Velocity is the maximum angular velocity during the swing phase, between max heel clearance and min toe clearance. Measured by the gyroscopes, this parameter is a raw sensor measure which is not subject to any calculation errors. It can be used as a robust asymmetry measure. Maximal Swing Speed is the maximum forward speed of the foot during swing. This speed is usually obtained around minimal toe clearance and may be seen as a risk factor for obstacle avoidance. The faster it is, the stronger the patient might hit an obstacle. It is usually equal to more than3 times walking speed.
8 Turning Angle is the angle between two consecutive foot-flat phases of the same foot on a horizontal plane. When this parameter is above 20 for one cycle, it is considered as a turn. It can be discarded to evaluate only straight walking (see walking protocol recommendations ). Many parameters tend to change during turns, and Parkinson patients usually show longer turning time. Strike Angle is the angle between the foot and the ground at heel strike, on a vertical plane. A low strike angle (e.g. close to 0) is a strong sign of foot drop syndrome. Lift off Angle is the angle of the foot at the end of the push phase, just at take-off. For patient with osteoarthritis, it is particularly painful to increase this angle and in general, lower values are observed. Swing Width is the maximal lateral excursion of the foot during swing phase. It is the maximum lateral distance between the forward path and the real path of the foot. Increased swing width has been shown to be associated with circumduction, and may be observed in patients with neuromotor disorders. 3D Path Length is the length of the real path of the foot during one cycle in 3D space, including both stride length and swing width. Like swing width, this parameter has been used to quantify circumduction.
9 Clearance Note that clearance parameters are accurate when shoe size (not foot size) is entered in the menu of the software prior to performing data analysis. Clearance calculation is based on a biomechanical model and may not be estimated in case of severe gait pattern alterations (shuffling etc ), See Mariani et al., 2012 and Dadashi et al., A B C D A: Max. Heel Clearance is the maximal height above the ground reached by the heel during each cycle. B: Max. Toe Clearance 1 is the maximal height above the ground reached by the toes just after heel max clearance. C: Min. Toe Clearance is the minimum height of the toes during swing phase. Low min toe clearance can be seen as an obvious risk for tripping (Begg et al., 2007), and recent work tend to show that its variability may be associated with the risk of fall. D: Max. Toe Clearance 2 is the maximal height above the ground reached by the toes just before heel strike. A low or a negative max. toe clearance 2 may suggest of a foot drop syndrome.
10 Statistics Note that if you ticked Discard turns and/or Discard Initiation & Termination in the option menu prior to analysis, turn cycles & cycles of initiation and termination are excluded from the statistical analysis. Mean is the mean of the parameter among all cycles. Median is the median (value such that half of all values are higher and the other half lower than this value) of the parameter among all cycles. This measure is more robust against outliers than the mean. STD, the standard deviation, describes the variation or dispersion of the data from the average. A small SDT indicates that the values are all located in a small range. A high STD indicates a high variability of the parameter. The STD is used for statistical descriptions together with the mean. IQR, the interquartile range, is also a measure of statistical dispersion, based on quartiles. The IQR is used for statistical descriptions together with the median. Min is the minimum reached by the parameter amongst all cycles. Max is the maximum reached by the parameter amongst all cycles. Ratio is the ratio, for a particular parameter of one foot on the other, it shows whether the two feet behave the same way (~1) or not. CV, the coefficient of variation is also a measure of dispersion. Note that it is not calculated when less than 10 cycles are recorded.
Gait Analysis System. User Manual and Outcome parameters Patent WO2012/ A1
Gait Analysis System User Manual and Outcome parameters Patent WO212/7855 A1 Thank you for purchasing our Gait Analysis Package. Gait Up s goal is to provide you with a user-friendly setup to measure accurately
Coaching the Triple Jump Boo Schexnayder
I. Understanding the Event A. The Run and Its Purpose B. Hip Undulation and the Phases C. Making the Connection II. III. IV. The Approach Run A. Phases B. Technical Features 1. Posture 2. Progressive Body
Improving pedestrian dynamics modelling using fuzzy logic
Improving pedestrian dynamics modelling using fuzzy logic Phillip Tomé 1, François Bonzon 1, Bertrand Merminod 1, and Kamiar Aminian 2 1 EPFL Geodetic Engineering Lab (TOPO) Station 18 1015 Lausanne Switzerland
Energy Output. Outline. Characterizing Wind Variability. Characterizing Wind Variability 3/7/2015. for Wind Power Management
Energy Output for Wind Power Management Spring 215 Variability in wind Distribution plotting Mean power of the wind Betz' law Power density Power curves The power coefficient Calculator guide The power
GCD Variables. Steps and Strides. Walking Speed. Cadence. Stride Length
Variables Steps and Strides Each time a leg goes forward, it makes a step the right leg moves forward to make a right step and then the left leg moved forward for a left step. When a right and left step
The Impact of Walker Style on Gait Characteristics in Non-assistive Device Dependent older Adults
St. Catherine University SOPHIA Doctor of Physical Therapy Research Papers Physical Therapy 5-2017 The Impact of Walker Style on Gait Characteristics in Non-assistive Device Dependent older Adults Matthew
Balance Item Score (0-4)
BERG BALANCE SCALE Patient Name: Rater Name: Date: Balance Item Score (0-4) 1. Sitting unsupported 2. Change of position: sitting to standing 3. Change of position standing to sitting 4. Transfers 5. Standing
Available online at ScienceDirect. Procedia Engineering 112 (2015 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 112 (2015 ) 540 545 7th Asia-Pacific Congress on Sports Technology, APCST 2015 Movement variability of professional pool billiards
Performance & Motor Control Characteristics of Functional Skill. Part III: Throwing, Catching & Hitting
Performance & Motor Control Characteristics of Functional Skill Part III: Throwing, Catching & Hitting Throwing Interesting Facts Studies indicate that boys move across the stages at a faster rate than
ABSTRACT AUTHOR. Kinematic Analysis of the Women's 400m Hurdles. by Kenny Guex. he women's 400m hurdles is a relatively
Study Kinematic Analysis of the Women's 400m Hurdles by IAAF 27:1/2; 41-51, 2012 by Kenny Guex ABSTRACT The women's 400m hurdles is a relatively new discipline and a complex event that cannot be approached
30m Crouch Start. 100m Crouch Start. # of Steps
Approach Run PRECEPTS RALPH LINDEMAN Head Men s and Women s Track & Field Coach US Air Force Academy Coaching Staff, USA Men s Team, 2004 Olympic Games, Athens, Greece Coaching Staff, USA Men s Team, 2007
TEMPORAL SPATIAL PARAMETERS OF GAIT WITH BAREFOOT, BATHROOM SLIPPERS AND MILITARY BOOTS
Indian J Physiol Pharmacol 2006; 50 (1) : 33 40 TEMPORAL SPATIAL PARAMETERS OF GAIT WITH BAREFOOT, BATHROOM SLIPPERS AND MILITARY BOOTS DHURJATI MAJUMDAR*, PRATUL K. BANERJEE, DEEPTI MAJUMDAR, MADHUSUDAN
Running injuries - what are the most important factors
Created as a free resource by Clinical Edge Based on Physio Edge podcast 59 with Greg Lehman, Tom Goom and Dr Christian Barton Get your free trial of online Physio education at Why do runners get injured?
The Hurdle Events. Jeff Martin IATCCC Clinic. Indianapolis, Indiana. 5 Myth s about Hurdling
The Hurdle Events Jeff Martin Indianapolis, Indiana 5 Myth s about Hurdling - Speed is not a necessity to hurdle fast - Good form not pure speed makes a good hurdler - An athlete that can t jump, throw,
100/110 Hurdle Training. Wendy Truvillion
100/110 Hurdle Training Wendy Truvillion Introduction Hurdling is sprinting with rhythm! Hurdling deviates as least as possible from normal sprinting. The abilities needed in hurdling are very similar
The Agility Association of Canada
Check list to Prepare for Equipment Inspection 2018 Introduction: requires that all equipment used at sanctioned events be inspected and approved at least four months before a host s first trial, and regularly
TRACK AND FIELD STUDY GUIDE
TRACK AND FIELD STUDY GUIDE I. TRACK EVENTS Dash sprint Staggered Start runners line up on different lines to equalize the distance around the track Pace spreading out your energy for a longer race in
Body weight measurement, calibration and Gait analysis using feet pressure for physiotherapy
Original Article Body weight measurement, calibration and Gait analysis using feet pressure for physiotherapy Miss. Ashwini Khot * 1 and Prof. S.S.Patil 2 1,2 Department of Electronics and Telecommunication,
Fitness Drills and Games
Fitness Drills and Games Select from a large variety of Fitness drills and games to custom design your own practice sessions. There are fun and challenging practices for every age and skill level. Chasing
A New Approach to Modeling Vertical Stiffness in Heel-Toe Distance Runners
Brigham Young University BYU ScholarsArchive All Faculty Publications 2003-12-01 A New Approach to Modeling Vertical Stiffness in Heel-Toe Distance Runners Iain Hunter iain_hunter@byu.edu Follow this and
Available online at ScienceDirect. The 2014 Conference of the International Sports Engineering Association
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Engineering 72 ( 2014 ) 435 440 The 2014 Conference of the International Sports Engineering Association Accuracy performance parameters
Add this important safety precaution to your normal laboratory procedures:
Student Activity Worksheet Speed and Velocity Are You Speeding? Driving Question What is speed and how is it related to velocity? Materials and Equipment For each student or group: Data collection system
KEVIN BATCHELOR :01 SITE FITTER
Personal Bicycle Fitting Report KEVIN BATCHELOR 2014-05-30 15:01 RIDER Kevin Batchelor Age: 32 Male Blank@Blank.com BIKE MAKE/MODEL: Mosaic, RT-1 SIZE: Custom YEAR: 2013 TYPE: Road SITE Retul HQ 5445 Conestoga
Walking Tall: Mobility Drills for Seniors
Walking Tall: Mobility Drills for Seniors What is Functional Mobility Training? Selecting exercises that improve the foundation for movement Working in multiple planes Teaching reaction time, decision
Classification of Neurological Gait Disorders Using Multi-task Feature Learning
Classification of Neurological Gait Disorders Using Multi-task Feature Learning Ioannis Papavasileiou, Wenlong Zhang, Xin Wang, Jinbo Bi, Li Zhang and Song Han Dept. of Computer Science & Engineering,
II.E. Airplane Flight Controls
References: FAA-H-8083-3; FAA-8083-3-25 Objectives Key Elements Elements Schedule Equipment IP s Actions SP s Actions Completion Standards The student should develop knowledge of the elements related to
Chapter 6 The Standard Deviation as a Ruler and the Normal Model
Chapter 6 The Standard Deviation as a Ruler and the Normal Model Standardizing with z-scores Expressing data in terms of We standardize to Standardized values can be even if the original variables had
1. The data below gives the eye colors of 20 students in a Statistics class. Make a frequency table for the data.
1. The data below gives the eye colors of 20 students in a Statistics class. Make a frequency table for the data. Green Blue Brown Blue Blue Brown Blue Blue Blue Green Blue Brown Blue Brown Brown Blue
Javelin Throwing Technique and Biomechanics
Javelin Throwing Technique and Biomechanics Riku Valleala KIHU Research Institute for Olympic Sports Athletics Coaches Seminar, 6-8 Nowember 2015, Oslo Contents of this presentation Basics of biomechanics
by Michael Young Human Performance Consulting
by Michael Young Human Performance Consulting The high performance division of USATF commissioned research to determine what variables were most critical to success in the shot put The objective of the
Running Form Modification: When Self-selected is Not Preferred
Running Form Modification: When Self-selected is Not Preferred Bryan Heiderscheit, PT, PhD Department of Orthopedics and Rehabilitation Department of Biomedical Engineering University of Wisconsin-Madison
EFFECT OF SHOE RAISE ALONG WITH MOTOR RELEARNING PROGRAMME (MRP) ON AMBULATION IN CHRONIC STROKE
Int J Physiother. Vol 3(3), 297-303, June (2016) ISSN: 2348-8336 ORIGINAL ARTICLE EFFECT OF SHOE RAISE ALONG WITH MOTOR RELEARNING PROGRAMME () ON AMBULATION IN CHRONIC STROKE IJPHY ABSTRACT ¹Dr.Gajanan
to decrease this force without compromising alignment. Four methods of heel modification are frequently used to decrease destabilizing forces at heel
The Influence of Heel Design on a Rigid Ankle-Foot Orthosis DAVID R. WIEST, M.S., R.P.T. 1 ROBERT L. WATERS, M.D. 2 ERNEST L. BONTRAGER, M.S.3 MICHAEL J. QUIGLEY, C.P.O. 4 In the past decade measurements
ITF Coaches Education Programme Biomechanics of the forehand stroke
ITF Coaches Education Programme Biomechanics of the forehand stroke Original article: Bahamonde, R. (2001). ITF CSSR, 24, 6-8 Introduction The tennis forehand stroke has changed drastically over the last
Structure (Down plane)
By Lauren Russell Structure (Down plane) The body (toes, knees, hips, wrists and shoulders) is aligned parallel to the intended target line. The torso is tilted over the ball from the hips whilst maintaining
Speed Training. Speed Training
Lesson 4.2 By Carone Fitness Walking for fitness is often referred to as power walking, or speed walking. Usually, there is less focus on technique than there is in race walking, as there is no risk of
Name: MJ Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)*
Name: MJ Tinetti Performance Oriented Mobility Assessment (POMA)* Description: The Tinetti assessment tool is an easily administered task-oriented test that measures an older adult s gait and balance abilities.
03/11/2017. Critical Determinants of Sprint Hurdle Performance. Dr Paul Brice Consultant Biomechanist. Applied Biomechanical Support Track + Field
Critical Determinants of Sprint Hurdle Performance Consultant Biomechanist Applied Biomechanical Support Track + Field Very Simple Approach: To provide coach / athlete / practitioner with objective biomechanical
Tension Cracks. Topics Covered. Tension crack boundaries Tension crack depth Query slice data Thrust line Sensitivity analysis.
Tension Cracks 16-1 Tension Cracks In slope stability analyses with cohesive soils, tension forces may be observed in the upper part of the slope. In general, soils cannot support tension so the results
STUDENT OUTLINE INSTRUCTING DRILL MOVEMENTS (BLOCK 1) DI-2001D DRILL INSTRUCTOR SCHOOL M0681E2 04/29/2015
STUDENT OUTLINE INSTRUCTING DRILL MOVEMENTS (BLOCK 1) DI-2001D DRILL INSTRUCTOR SCHOOL M0681E2 04/29/2015 APPROVED BY DATE 1. LEARNING OBJECTIVES: a. TERMINAL LEARNING OBJECTIVES: (1) Without the aid of
Simulation-based design to reduce metabolic cost
Simulation-based design to reduce metabolic cost Overview: Lecture + Hands On Exercise 1. Generating and evaluating a muscledriven simulation of walking 2. Metabolics 101 3. Designing and evaluating devices
Kinetics of the knife-hand strike used in power breaking in ITF Taekwon-do
Physical Activity Review vol. 3, 2015 Original Articles DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.16926/par.2015.01.05 Kinetics of the knife-hand strike used in power breaking in ITF Taekwon-do Authors' Contribution:
5.1 Introduction. Learning Objectives
Learning Objectives 5.1 Introduction Statistical Process Control (SPC): SPC is a powerful collection of problem-solving tools useful in achieving process stability and improving capability through the
The stroke has only a minor influence on direction consistency in golf putting among elite players
Journal of Sports Sciences, February 1st 2008; 26(3): 243 250 The stroke has only a minor influence on direction consistency in golf putting among elite players JON KARLSEN 1, GERALD SMITH 1, & JOHNNY
GAIT ANALYSIS OF SUBJECTS WITH ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE USING MEDILOGIC SOLE PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION MEASUREMENT SYSTEM
GAIT ANALYSIS OF SUBJECTS WITH ANTERIOR CRUCIATE LIGAMENT RUPTURE USING MEDILOGIC SOLE PRESSURE DISTRIBUTION MEASUREMENT SYSTEM D. Höftberger 1, A. Kozek 1, J. Langer 1, J. Obergruber 1 1 Fachhochschule
Smart shoe-based evaluation of gait phase detection accuracy using body-worn accelerometers
Paper draft - please export an up-to-date reference from http://www.iet.unipi.it/m.cimino/pub Smart shoe-based evaluation of gait phase detection accuracy using body-worn accelerometers Marco Avvenuti
Race Walking. Lesson 4.2. Fitness. Race Walking
Lesson 4.2 By Carone Fitness Racing, although not as common in walking as running, has become an important part of many walkers lives. While competitive walking or racing may not be for everyone, it could
From Passive to Active Dynamic 3D Bipedal Walking - An Evolutionary Approach -
From Passive to Active Dynamic 3D Bipedal Walking - An Evolutionary Approach - Steffen Wischmann and Frank Pasemann Fraunhofer Institute for Autonomous Intelligent Systems (AiS) Schloss Birlinghoven, 53754
3. Answer the following questions with your group. How high do you think he was at the top of the stairs? How did you estimate that elevation?
Classwork Exploratory Challenge 1. Watch the first 1:08 minutes of the video below and describe in words the motion of the man. Elevation vs. Time #2 [http://www.mrmeyer.com/graphingstories1/graphingstories2.mov.
Data Collection and Processing: Elwha Estuary Survey, February 2013
Data Collection and Processing: Elwha Estuary Survey, February 2013 Ian Miller, WA Sea Grant Olympic Peninsula Field Office, 1502 E. Lauridsen Blvd #82, Port Angeles, WA 98362 immiller@u.washington.edu
Do Humans Optimally Exploit Redundancy to Control Step Variability in Walking?
Do Humans Optimally Exploit Redundancy to Control Step Variability in Walking? Jonathan B. Dingwell 1 *, Joby John 2, Joseph P. Cusumano 2 * 1 Department of Kinesiology, University of Texas, Austin, Texas,
Exemplar for Internal Achievement Standard. Mathematics and Statistics Level 1
Exemplar for Internal Achievement Standard Mathematics and Statistics Level 1 This exemplar supports assessment against: Achievement Standard Investigate a given multivariate data set using the statistical
Breaking Down the Approach
Breaking Down the Approach Written by Andre Christopher Gonzalez Sunday, July 31, 2005 One of the biggest weaknesses of the two-legged approach is the inability of the athlete to transfer horizontal momentum
A MODIFIED DYNAMIC MODEL OF THE HUMAN LOWER LIMB DURING COMPLETE GAIT CYCLE
Int. J. Mech. Eng. & Rob. Res. 2013 S M Nacy et al., 2013 Research Paper ISSN 2278 0149 www.ijmerr.com Vol. 2, No. 2, April 2013 2013 IJMERR. All Rights Reserved A MODIFIED DYNAMI MODEL OF THE HUMAN LOWER
Choosing a Blocking Style: The Conventional Block Versus the Swing Block
Choosing a Blocking Style: The Conventional Block Versus the Swing Block Written by Andre Christopher Gonzalez Tuesday, July 12, 2005 Introduction: Recently more and more collegiate and club teams have
Gait temporospatial parameters: assessment tools for postsurgical. types of lumbar disc herniation
Romanian Neurosurgery (2010) XVII 3: 339 347 339 Gait temporospatial parameters: assessment tools for postsurgical recovery in patient with different anatomotopographic types of lumbar disc herniation
EXPERT SYSTEMS IN ULTRASONIC FLOW METERS
EXPERT SYSTEMS IN ULTRASONIC FLOW METERS Marcel J.M. Vermeulen, Jan G. Drenthen, Hilko den Hollander KROHNE Oil & Gas, CT Products 1 INTRODUCTION: Custody transfer ultrasonic gas flow meters are the cash
New Highly Productive Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing Machine for Aluminium Plates for Aircraft Applications
19 th World Conference on Non-Destructive Testing 2016 New Highly Productive Phased Array Ultrasonic Testing Machine for Aluminium Plates for Aircraft Applications Christoph HENKEL 1, Markus SPERL 1, Walter
LEVEL 1 SKILL DEVELOPMENT MANUAL
LEVEL 1 SKILL DEVELOPMENT MANUAL Lesson Manual C A Publication Of The USA Hockey Coaching Education Program The USA Hockey Coaching Education Program is Presented By LESSON C-1 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES 1. Refine
The Effect of Driver Mass and Shaft Length on Initial Golf Ball Launch Conditions: A Designed Experimental Study
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Procedia Engineering 34 (2012 ) 379 384 9 th Conference of the International Sports Engineering Association (ISEA) The Effect of Driver Mass and Shaft Length on
Footwear Science Publication details, including instructions for authors and subscription information:
This article was downloaded by: [University of Calgary] On: 22 May 2012, At: 07:35 Publisher: Taylor & Francis Informa Ltd Registered in England and Wales Registered Number: 1072954 Registered office:
High Ping Rate Profile Water Mode 12
Application Note FSA-014 (October 2008) Revised October 2008 High Ping Rate Profile Water Mode 12 Introduction Water Mode 12 is the result of the continued evolution of the signal processing within our
Inertial compensation for belt acceleration in an instrumented treadmill
Inertial compensation for belt acceleration in an instrumented treadmill Sandra K. Hnat, Antonie J. van den Bogert Department of Mechanical Engineering, Cleveland State University Cleveland, OH 44115,
Performance of three walking orthoses for the paralysed: a case study using gait analysis
Prosthetics and Orthotics International, 1990, 14, 103 110 Performance of three walking orthoses for the paralysed: a case study using gait analysis R. J. JEFFERSON and M. W. WHITTLE Oxford Orthopaedic
Viva TPS. TS11/15 Total Stations Check and Adjust Procedure. October Summary
Viva TPS October 2010 TS11/15 Total Stations Summary Leica builds total stations to the highest quality and calibrates each instrument before it leaves the Factory. After the instrument is shipped or used
Biomechanics and the Rules of Race Walking. Brian Hanley
Biomechanics and the Rules of Race Walking Brian Hanley Biomechanics and the Rules of Race Walking Brian Hanley b.hanley@leedsmet.ac.uk www.evaa.ch The rules and judging Judging is probably the most contentious
Shot-by-shot directional source deghosting and directional designature using near-gun measurements
H1-1-3 Shot-by-shot directional source deghosting and directional designature using near-gun measurements Neil Hargreaves, Rob Telling, Sergio Grion Dolphin Geophysical, London, UK Introduction In this
100 / 110m HURDLES. Contemporary Technique & Training. RALPH LINDEMAN, Head Track Coach US Air Force Academy
RALPH LINDEMAN, Head Track Coach US Air Force Academy PRIMARY CONCERNS Teach hurdler to sprint over the barriers! Analyze for the causes of effects. Coach for balance eliminate causes of excessive rotation.
Moorhead Baseball Routines/Hitting Drills
Moorhead Baseball Routines/Hitting Drills Philosophy How we train: Teach everyday with the goal of our players becoming their own coach. Get them to feel what s going on. Consistent mix of instruction
What is the optimal design of a rocker shoe
What is the optimal design of a rocker shoe University of Salford School of Health, Sport and Rehabilitation Sciences Deutsche Sporthochschule Köln J Chapman, S Preece, C Nester, B Braunstein, P Bruggerman
Available online at ScienceDirect. Procedia Computer Science 76 (2015 )
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Computer Science 76 (2015 ) 257 263 2015 IEEE International Symposium on Robotics and Intelligent Sensors (IRIS 2015) Walking-Assisted Gait
DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN BIOINGEGNERIA. Ciclo XXVII
Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna DOTTORATO DI RICERCA IN BIOINGEGNERIA Ciclo XXVII Settore Concorsuale di afferenza: 09/G2 Settore Scientifico disciplinare: ING-INF/06 ASSESSMENT OF GAIT SPATIO-TEMPORAL
PHASE 1 WIND STUDIES REPORT
PHASE 1 WIND STUDIES REPORT ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES AND PRELIMINARY DESIGN FOR A SUICIDE DETERRENT SYSTEM Contract 2006-B-17 24 MAY 2007 Golden Gate Bridge Highway and Transportation District Introduction
Examination and Treatment of Postural and Locomotor Control
Examination and Treatment of Postural and Locomotor Control Not to be copied without permission. 1 15-minute Bedside Balance Systems Tests Contents FIVE TIMES SIT TO STAND TEST... 3 SINGLE LEG STANCE...
1.2 Example 1: A simple hydraulic system
Note: It is possible to use more than one fluid in the Hydraulic library. This is important because you can model combined cooling and lubrication systems of a library. The hydraulic library assumes a
SECTION 2 HYDROLOGY AND FLOW REGIMES
SECTION 2 HYDROLOGY AND FLOW REGIMES In this section historical streamflow data from permanent USGS gaging stations will be presented and discussed to document long-term flow regime trends within the Cache-Bayou
Current issues regarding induced acceleration analysis of walking using the integration method to decompose the GRF
Current issues regarding induced acceleration analysis of walking using the integration method to decompose the GRF George Chen May 17, 2002 Stanford Neuromuscular Biomechanics Lab Group Muscle contribution
HOW DO WE ACCELERATE WHILE RUNNING? Daniel J. Schuster. April 2015
HOW DO WE ACCELERATE WHILE RUNNING? by Daniel J. Schuster April 2015 Director of Thesis: Dr. Paul DeVita Major Department: Kinesiology Running biomechanics are well established in terms of lower extremity
The Takeaway. The waggle can be an excellent opportunity to rehearse your takeaway
The Takeaway Your approach to the ball is the final step over which you have total control. Once you actually start the swing, you need to depend on rhythm, tempo and balance to see you through the swing.
JEPonline Journal of Exercise Physiologyonline
Walking Technique and Estimated VO 2 max Values 21 JEPonline Journal of Exercise Physiologyonline Official Journal of The American Society of Exercise Physiologists (ASEP) ISSN 1097-9751 An International
BODY FORM INFLUENCES ON THE DRAG EXPERIENCED BY JUNIOR SWIMMERS. Australia, Perth, Australia
1 BODY FORM INFLUENCES ON THE DRAG EXPERIENCED BY JUNIOR SWIMMERS Andrew Lyttle 1, Nat Benjanuvatra 2, Brian A Blanksby 2, Bruce C Elliott 2 1 Western Australian Institute of Sport, Perth, Australia 2
1. A tendency to roll or heel when turning (a known and typically constant disturbance) 2. Motion induced by surface waves of certain frequencies.
Department of Mechanical Engineering Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2.14 Analysis and Design of Feedback Control Systems Fall 2004 October 21, 2004 Case Study on Ship Roll Control Problem Statement:
ScienceDirect. Improvement of three-dimensional motion analyzer system for the development of Indonesian gait database
Available online at www.sciencedirect.com ScienceDirect Procedia Manufacturing 2 (2015 ) 268 274 2nd International Materials, Industrial, and Manufacturing Engineering Conference, MIMEC2015, 4-6 February
Carolina Trace Country Club
Carolina Trace Country Club Short Game School Michael Krick Head Golf Professional Trace Member Table Of Contents Putting 1, 2 Putting Evaluation Matrix 3 Putting Positions 4 Chipping 5, 6 Pitching 7,
The BIG BOOK of Golf Drills
The BIG BOOK of Golf Drills 1 How to Use This Guide Congratulations on purchasing the Big Book of Golf Drills! This book is designed to use as a reference guide. We do not recommend printing this out as
Continuous sweep versus discrete step protocols for studying effects of wearable robot assistance magnitude
Malcolm et al. Journal of NeuroEngineering and Rehabilitation (2017) 14:72 DOI 10.1186/s12984-017-0278-2 RESEARCH Continuous sweep versus discrete step protocols for studying effects of wearable robot
Control Strategies for operation of pitch regulated turbines above cut-out wind speeds
Control Strategies for operation of pitch regulated turbines above cut-out wind speeds Helen Markou 1 Denmark and Torben J. Larsen, Risø-DTU, P.O.box 49, DK-4000 Roskilde, Abstract The importance of continuing
Modelling atmospheric stability with CFD: The importance of tall profiles
ENERGY Modelling atmospheric stability with CFD: The importance of tall profiles VindKraftNet Seminar on Profiles Jean-François Corbett, Global Head of CFD Service 1 SAFER, SMARTER, GREENER DNV GL CFD
VISUAL AIDS FOR DENOTING OBSTACLES
CHAPTER 6. VISUAL AIDS FOR DENOTING OBSTACLES 6.1 Objects to be marked and/or lighted Note. The marking and/or lighting of obstacles is intended to reduce hazards to aircraft by indicating the presence
time v (vertical) time
NT4E-QRT20: PROJECTILE MOTION FOR TWO ROCKS VELOCITY AND ACCELERATION GRAPHS II Two identical rocks are thrown horizontally from a cliff with Rock A having a greater velocity at the instant it is released
Undertow - Zonation of Flow in Broken Wave Bores
Nearshore Circulation Undertow and Rip Cells Undertow - Zonation of Flow in Broken Wave Bores In the wave breaking process, the landward transfer of water, associated with bore and surface roller decay
A Study of Human Gaits across Different Speeds
A Study of Human Gaits across Different Speeds Rawesak Tanawongsuwan and Aaron Bobick College of Computing, GVU Center, Georgia Institute of Technology Atlanta, GA 333-8 USA ftee afbg@cc.gatech.edu Abstract
SLIP - THE PEDESTRIAN PROBLEM
Pave Israel 96 SLIP - THE PEDESTRIAN PROBLEM A.J. Dowson Marshalls Mono Ltd. Halifax, UK Summary This paper investigates the walking action and considers the various factors affecting how people walk.
The Influence of Heavy Truck Egress Tactics on Ground Reaction Force
The Influence of Heavy Truck Egress Tactics on Ground Reaction Force Matthew P. Reed Suzanne G. Hoffman Sheila M. Ebert-Hamilton University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, 2901 Baxter Road,
ANNEX 1 SPECIFICATIONS FOR LEVELS OF HORSE TRIALS
ANNEX 1 SPECIFICATIONS FOR LEVELS OF HORSE TRIALS 1. ENTRY DIVISION 1.1 The Entry level is designed to introduce green horses and riders to Horse Trials combining dressage, cross country and jumping tests.
3. Answer the following questions with your group. How high do you think he was at the top of the stairs? How did you estimate that elevation?
J Hart Interactive Algebra 1 Classwork Exploratory Challenge 1. Watch the first 1:08 minutes of the video below and describe in words the motion of the man. Elevation vs. Time #2 [http://www.mrmeyer.com/graphingstories1/graphingstories2.mov.
Response time is more important than walking speed for the ability of older adults to avoid a fall after a trip
Journal of Biomechanics 35 (2002) 199 205 Response time is more important than walking speed for the ability of older adults to avoid a fall after a trip A.J. van den Bogert*, M.J. Pavol, M.D. Grabiner