FROM CARBIDE SLUDGE. OYELfiDE O. 'VICTORlfi

Transcription

1 , PRODUCTION OF CHALK FROM CARBIDE SLUDGE.. BY OYELfiDE O. 'VICTORlfi 93/3716 A RESEARCH PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCHOOL OF, ENGINEERING at ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY, MINNA, NIGER STATE. IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AW'ARD OF BACHELOR OF N6INEERIN6 (B.ENa.) DEGREE IN CHEMICAL ENGINEERING. MARCH 2000 i

2 '. CERTIFICATON This is to celtify that this project work "production of chalk from carbide sludge" which I have found adequate both in scope and quality for the partial fulfillment of the requirement for the award of Bachelor of Engineering degree in Chemical Engineering was presented by Oyelade O. Victoria 93/3716 of.chemical ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT F.U.T. MINNA. DR. J.O. ODIGURE DATE PROJECT SUPERVISOR DR. J. O. ODIGURE DATE B.O.D. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING DATE ii

3 DEDICATION This project work is dedicated to my younger ones - Ferni, Kola, Gberni & Seye. "'The sky is the beginning" iii

4 ''\ ACKNOWLEDGEMENT Hardly anyone receiving an oscar, leaves the podiwn without thanking all those along the way who have helped towards that moment. To God be the glory, great things He hath done. Blessed be the name of God forever and ever, to whom belong wisdom & might. He changes times & season, he raises up the poor from dust, he lifts the needy from the ash, to make them sit with princes and inherit a seat of honour. May his name be praised. It is my great pleasure to express my appreciation to my project supervisor, the Head of Department Chemical Engineering, Dr J. 0 Odigure for his time and energy spent on reviewing this work, this wouldn't have been possible without his immeme contribution... I owe a lot to all the lecturers in Chemical Engineering Department, for the knowledge they have impacted. My profound gratitude goes to my beloved parents Mr. Babatunde Oyelade and Mrs. Yinka Oyelade, for their parental care, morally and financially to see that I attain this level of education, also my younger ones are not left out, Femi, Kola, Gbemi and Seye & my sister Mrs. Nike Adebomi. "You all mean so much to me" Special thanks to my Uncles, Mr. Joe~ Mr. Olaolu, Mr. Opeyemi and others for their fmancial assistance & moral supports. Words cannot express my appreciation to my guardian Barrister Oluwole Olukunle. I am indebted to his relentless effort morally and financially. I appreciate Mr. Jide Oladapo, Mr. Peter Egena, Mr. Taiwo OJo, Mr Tikuraaiyesina, Miss Mopayi and Mr. Ejeromedoghene & family. " iv

5 .. My gratitude to all staff of Boc Gases Nigeria Ltd, especially Mr. Ogun4eji, Mr. Taiwo Ojo, Mr. 1. O. Falode & Mr. nori for their assistance on this project. Finally I appreciate my classmates, for their support & encouragement, Chuks, Adinoyi, Isaac, Ochor & Wale. We will meet on top of the ladder. j ; I! v hal :as Ma. a

6 ABSTRACT This project focused on investigating the technological feasibility of the production of chalk from carbide sludge. Carbide sludge was processed into dry lime hydrate by sedimentation, pressmg, drying, crushing and sieving. It was observed that the optimum composition for chalk production with carbide sludge is 49.9% ofcas04. Yz H2O and 0.2% additives. TIle paste was quickly poured into the mould which has been lubricated. The setting time is about 12 minutes. The chalkstick was push out ofthe cavity using the piston. The drying time is 7hrs at a temperature oftflj C. Calculations showed that the dry chalk contains about 25.4% binded water, which is equivalent to 34% of the total water added. vi

7 LIST OF TABLES Table 2.1 Table 2.2 Table 2.3 Table 2.4 Typical chemical composition Ca (OH)2 only basis Bulk density ofca (OH2) vs. percent solid Percent solid vs. available Ca 0 Analysis ofcaco 3 sample 40

8 / TABLE OF CONTENTS Pages TITLE PAGE CERTIFICATION DEDICATION AKNOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT TABLE OF CONTENT I 11 iii IV VI vii CHAPTER ONE Introduction Historical origin Justification Raw Material & Equipment Objective & Motivation Scope & Limitation CHAPTER TWO Literature Review Material used in chalk production Gypsum Plaster of paris Caicium Carbonate Lime stone Natural chalk Kaolin Alternative raw material vii j

9 2.1.8 Casting thick suspension Lime sludge as raw material Carbidt: lime technical data & Availability Production of plaster of paris from lime sludge Production of CaC03 lime sludge Reactions of calcium hydroxide Making of chalkstick from hydrate lime Processing of hydrate lime from carbide sludge Casting of hydrate lime Mould for casting chalkstick Binding material Dextrins as binding material Pigments & colourants The great utility of lime Uses in chemical industrial field Uses in Building and construction Uses in field of water softening, sewage & acid treatment FOllllulas for lime mixtw'es 26 CHAPTER THREE Experimental work Experimental processes Experimental procedw'e Flow process Table of result Batch production of 1000kg chalk 33 viii

10 / I CHAYfER FOUR Discussion ofresults Proposed technology of production CHAPTER FIVE Conclusion Recommendation Appendix List Tables References ix f I