BA Curriculum. Greg Francis Basketball Alberta 1/1/2013

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1 2013 BA Greg Francis THIS DOCUMENT IS THE EXCLUSIVE PROPERTY OF BASKETBALL ALBERTA FOR PROGRAMMING iculum USE AND DISCLOSURE TO SELECTED USERS. IT IS NOT TO BE REPRODUCED WITHOUT THE EXPRESS CONSENT OF BASKETBALL ALBERTA. 1/1/2013

2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter 1 Introduction Page 4 Chapter 2 Fundamental Movements Page 7 Chapter 3 Passing.....Page 15 Chapter 4 Dribbling......Page 18 Chapter 5 Shooting......Page 19 Chapter 6 Cutting Page 25 Chapter 7 1 on Page 28 2

3 Chapter 8 Defensive Drills......Page 32 Chapter 9 Team Defense....Page 38 Chapter 10 Team Offense.....Page 52 3

4 Chapter 1 Introduction The BA curriculum is designed to teach athletes how to be multi-skilled basketball players. Since coaches have limited time to work with these players we must seek to make training plans that are efficient, meaning the teaching progression allows the players to pick up the skills in a logical way. Offensively, BA athletes will learn to work on their individual skills and develop their decision making ability. We use defensive rotations to help stop the ball but also to teach proper decision making on dribble penetration. We teach defense conceptually so players learn to communicate and make adjustments within the game or drill. Guided defense helps the offense to learn how to read defense and it also teaches athletes how to position their body to influence the direction of the offense. CONTROL BASKETBALL is a team strategy that is very deliberate and depends on the players running a more patterned system. Control basketball is characterized by the coach dictating the action, as opposed to the athletes reading and making decisions during the game. We need our players to train outside of their comfort zone (most high school athletes have practiced playing control basketball). Basketball has become very up-tempo by the very nature of the talent level of the players and the FIBA rules (most specifically the 24 second shot clock). At the younger age categories our instincts as coaches tell us to slow the game down for our athletes so they will understand the concepts we are trying to teach them. It is valuable to start our athletes out slowly in drills so they can understand fundamental and basketball movements. However, once an athlete has learned how to execute a movement, the best way for them to learn the how, where, who and when to use the move, is by loading our drills with decision making and tempo. Using screens and picks is the foundation of ½ court offense in high level basketball, but it is to be taught after BA athletes are comfortable creating offense with the dribble and cutting. This teaching progression is used commonly with successful basketball countries throughout the world. Loading In an attempt to find ways to challenge our elite athlete to understand the game, coaches often make drills that are more complicated and abstract. However, the way to teach an athlete more effectively is to load basic drills with an increasing level of difficulty of decision making. We don t want to slow down the learning curve of a player by spending time teaching many different drills. What we need to do is focus on loading basic drills to challenge our players to execute skills in challenging situations outside of their comfort zone 4

5 Guided Defense When we teach an athlete to perform a movement against air and then we go to game-like defense, the athlete does not get a chance to learn the skill as quickly as if they had learned through guided defense. Adding a defender that is not game-like helps the athlete gain ability and confidence before using a movement in a game. By adding guided defense you can take many traditional drills and aid players in their decision-making skills as well as their fundamental skills. SKILL 1: LAY-UPS The player dribbles in for the layup with no major decision involved. The coach has made the decision. Right hand lay up taking off on your left foot. We tell the player that this is performed when no defense is present and you want to go quickly to the basket. After performing the skill for a number of reps we now ask the player to perform power lay ups taking off on two feet. The coach tells the player to use a power lay-up when a help defender is close so you protect yourself. Again the coach has made the decision for the player. LAY-UPS WITH GUIDED DEFENSE This drill is performed the same way; the only difference is that the coach gives the player a "read". Do the one-foot layup if there is no coach. If the coach helps, do the power layup. The athletes are working on the same skill, but they have taken it to another level because decision-making has been added. 5

6 Skill Acquisition The level of the defense is an important tool in loading a drill to a level that a young player can handle. If a player has not mastered a skill such as passing off the dribble, then the appropriate level of defense might be against a chair. A coach would want to decrease the level of the defender if the player cannot do the move against a live defender (maybe the player cannot dribble with their head up yet). We can increase a player s confidence by helping them to be successful to the level of their development. At the same time, we push the player, at other times to incorporate drills outside of their current ability. 1. Against Air 2. Against Static Defender 3. Against Guided Defense (defense with conditions) 4. Against Game like Defense 4 Levels of Reading the Game Once a player has mastered a skill, they need to learn how to execute the skill against their defender; this is a Level 2 of read of the game. When we are talking about executing a skill against a defender (level 2), we are focusing on the things a player needs to read from the defender, such as: Body position, Where they are on the court, What kind of advantage or disadvantage that they might have in a particular situation. When a coach evaluates a player, he can pinpoint what part of the game the player is having trouble with, and therefore the part of the game he needs to focus on. In subsequent practice plans, a coach can separate players into groups where they can focus on the level of read that they need to work on to progress and continue to load. Level 1 1 on 0 Player Movement Fundamental Movement Basketball Movement Level 2 1 on 1 Player Movement while reading their defender Level 3 1 on 1 4 on 4 (Break down drills) Player Movement while reading their defender and. Reading help defense Reading teammates with or without the ball Level 4 5 on 5 Player Movement while reading team concepts: Team offensive concepts Team defensive concepts 6

7 Chapter Fundamental movements Basic movements 2 Fundamental movements The following movement patterns are crucial for successful athletes: 1. Pushing 2. Pulling 3. Squatting 4. Bending 5. Lunging 6. Twisting 7. Upward gait - walk, jog, run The best way warm up is to implement these into a dynamic movement activity similar to track and field. I have tried to give some ideas for more basketball specific movements that could be done quickly in a circuit that would make use of these movement patterns. Athletic Stance Before performing any movement the athletes should begin in an athletic stance. This is a balanced stance with flexed joints and a tightening of the abdomen. Do not allow the athletes to start with rounded backs or off balance. Just as important is to return to this stance after completing the movement. In all of the drills the coach should constantly remind the athletes to start and finish on balance in their stance. 7

8 Pushing The athlete should be able to legally push using different parts of the body: a) with their side - when dribbling, defending, cutting b) With their front - setting screens, fronting on defense c) back - sealing, boxing out d) hands - many different situation e) forearm a) back to back b) side to side c) front to front Fatigue If done properly many athletes will become very fatigued when performing these activities. They will be activating muscles that are seldom used. When the athlete's form breaks it is time to stop. This is when injuries may occur. As the athletes become more competent at the skill the intensity can be increased. This can be done by adding 1. Weights - medicine ball 2. Instability - wobble board 3. Increased speed of movement 4. Increased number of reps 5. Increased length of time 6. Combining the movement patterns 8

9 FOOTWORK WITHOUT THE BALL Change of direction Plant one foot and keep knee of stationary foot over toes. Turn shoulders and hips in new direction and step ( reach / blast ) with other foot. Keep knees bent and stay low. Change of pace Run forward and accelerate and decelerate. Stay low and concentrate on good running form. Change of direction and pace Combine the above skills. Jump Stop Land with both feet at the same time. Land low and keep knees bent. Encourage a tight core. 1-2 stop Stride Stop Running stop Land with one foot first and ensure the knee of the first foot down stays over the toes. As the second foot lands keep knees bent and stay low and balanced. Athletes must be able to stop on left foot and right foot. Pivoting Forward (front) pivot free foot swings forward. Reverse pivot free foot swings backwards. Inside (open) pivot weight goes from outside foot to inside foot with shoulders open to the ball. Plant and go off outside foot (sweep and go footwork). Stops and pivots Combine the above skills. 9

10 Warm-Up 1 JOGGING RUN Players jog around the perimeter of the court. The coach calls out a different action at each corner. a. Jog b. Skip c. Backward d. High skip e. Double leg hop f. Alternate one foot hop g. Full speed to the corner h. Double leg hops side to side over the line i. Backward hopping j. Butt kicks k. Carioca l. High leg carioca m. Skip with knee outs 2 WALKING WITH BENDS AND TWISTS Walk backward a) side bend right b) side bend left c) rotation right e) rotation left Walk sideways right Repeat a e (above) Walk sideways left Repeat a e (above) Walk forward Repeat a e (above) 10

11 3 WALKING SIDE BEND Get into a lunge position (not too deep), pull the elbow of the arm and bend to the side 4 WALKING ROTATION Get into a lunge position and then twist at the waist. 5 - ACCELERATION Jog into a line and then accelerate Run backward and then turn forward Hop and then accelerate 11

12 SKIPPING WORKOUT Skipping is a great conditioning exercise. A skipping rope is one of the first things you should give your athletes. Skipping will assist with footwork, lateral and vertical quickness, and coordination. How many jumps can you do in seconds? Skip for seconds and then go onto the next jump. Start skipping for 3 minutes and build up to 5 minutes plus. Use this as a warm-up in conjunction with ball handling and dribbling before stretching 1. Jump both feet 2. Right foot only 3. Left foot only 4. Forward and back with both feet 5. Forward and back with right foot 6. Forward and back with left foot 7. Side to side with both feet 8. Side to side with right foot 9. Side to side with left foot 10. Double jump (advanced) Strength and Conditioning ACTIVE WARM-UP 5 min jog Arm rotations Shoulder rotations Straddle leg touches Trunk rotations Side bends Toe touches Hip rotations (fwd/bk) Leg swings 8 x 20 m sprints DYNAMIC WARM UP 5 min fast jog Carioca Lateral slides A runs + accelerations A skip + accelerations C runs + accelerations Straight leg claps Walking A with trunk twist 3 x 20m sprints 12

13 COOL DOWN 5 min jog Straddle stretch (left /middle/ right) Straight leg touch Groin stretch Front thigh stretch lower back push-up Front leg cross-over (straight) Front leg cross-over 90º One leg thigh grab Wall hamstring stretch Toe-up calf stretch CORE STABILITY TRAINING 20 minutes total for stations rotation 1 minute for each station 1. Squat throws - (medicine ball or basketball) Stabilize knees and lead with butt while putting pressure on the heels. The athlete should be able to see their toes when squatting. The weight is on the heels, feel the butt muscles working. Lead with your butt muscles. This can also be done as a ball swing. (Good morning exercise) 2. Push ups Keep the body aligned with the hips up and lower by only bending the elbows outward in order to stretch the chest. 3. Chest passes Medicine ball or basketball with a partner or against the wall 4. Stepping lunge with a torso twist Use a medicine ball or a basketball. Elbows are at shoulder level, knees are stabilized. and the rear leg is lowered and aligned with shoulder. iculum

14 The athlete should be able to see her knee. The ear, shoulder, hip and knee should a line for the back leg. 5. Crunches (Swiss ball or lying on a mat) Back flat and movement is with upper back and shoulders while keeping the elbows out and the head relaxed. Do not pull the neck forward; Pull from chest. Lift up ward and hold for 5 seconds. 6. Rebound Jump Drill (medicine or basketball) Using the backboard or wall. Keep the elbows up. Watch for proper knee bend on take off and landing. 7. Hip rotations (swiss ball or lying on mat with straight legs) Hold a v-sit position with the swiss ball between your legs. Corkscrew the ball clockwise and counter clock wise as you hold the v-sit sec run Work on good form running Variations a. Squat jumps b. Elevated push ups one hand on a medicine ball or basketball c. Walking lunges with torso twist d. Straight leg scissors e. One leg jumps f. Leg throws (with a partner or holding on to something) POINTS OF EMPHASIS a. Proper knee bending b. Holding the ball high elbows above shoulder height or parallel c. Breathing d. Not tensing neck muscles 14

15 Chapter 3 Passing Passing is the skill that most coaches feel is lacking in our players.. However, even a young player can execute most of the passes a coach can think of. The reason for this is most athletes can execute a pass from a static position to a static receiver. To take it a step further, a passer can easily complete a pass if the passer decides when to pass the ball. The difficulty comes in understanding the timing and location of a pass to a teammate whom might be open for a split second (players are only open for a split second at a higher competitive level). Players need to have their passing drills loaded to the level where they can execute passes with an aggressive defender, to a teammate who is guarded aggressively. POINTS OF EMPHASIS Athletes should always have eyes up and be in an athletic position knees bent, shoulders square, core tight and back straight. 1. Use both hands 2. Hard passes 3. Eyes up 4. Stay low 5. Lean forward 6. Wrist action Players need to practice executing passing from different planes of the body. We show most of our passes coming from the chest area in practice; however in a game it is very difficult to make most of your passes against defense in this manner. Note: The Bounce Pass The bounce pass has become an over-used pass in basketball. Often time, you will find young players using the slow bounce pass for wing entries or players that are wide open. Bouncing the pass is only advantageous to players when passing in the post, or off penetration. Otherwise a direct, crisp pass is the best pass to make to the post and it should be rarely used on the perimeter. Bouncing the pass slows down the ball and will be picked off much more the competitive levels goes up. 15

16 FUNDAMENTAL PASSES Chest Pass Two handed pass. Step forward into the pass and extend both arms. Thumbs should point to the ground after the ball is released and fingers point to the target. Push Pass entry This is a one-handed pass. passes The passing hand should be behind the ball with the elbow tucked in. The other hand is on the side of the ball (same as a shot grip). Step forward into the pass and extend both arms (only the one behind the ball pushes the ball through). Pass with the right hand when passing to the right hand side and with the left hand when passing to the left hand side. Shoulder Pass - Wrist is cocked - elbow is under wrist Quarterback Guide hand on side of ball - hold ball in passing hand Ball above shoulder and at ear level Shoulders and core rotate, hips snap through to create torque Bounce Pass Both chest and push passes must be able to be thrown as a bounce pass. Bounce Pass into Post The ball should be delivered from the passers knee to the posts knee making it impossible for the post defender to knock away Overhead Pass skip passes Pass Fakes Fake a pass to make a pass Active passers Keep ball above forehead - can see part of the ball at all times. Grip is the same as the chest pass. Extend elbows to deliver pass. Strength to deliver ball comes from triceps. Pass fakes must look like a pass to be effective i.e. fake an overhead pass into post and deliver a bounce pass knee-to-knee. Passing Out of Penetration Creative passes with guided defense. 16

17 Passing STAR PASSING DRILL All players in the drill must be in an athletic stance Call for the ball, call players name before you pass to them Show your hands to receive pass, call for the ball To start, take one dribble and pass to player four, to the right, with one hand and repeat. Follow your pass to the end of the line STAR PASSING WITH MULTIPLE BALLS You can use up to 4 balls at once Players must keep their head up and pass accurately 17

18 Dribbling 4 Challenge BA athletes to work on their handle, giving them some room to experiment and turn the ball over. Eventually BA athletes will acquire break down moves that fit their game. Once they are confident and effective against aggressive defense, you can teach the defensive crab dribbles, which will come very easily once a player has confidence and skill. The hard speed dribble is the key dribble in developing ball handling skills. This will improve a player s quickness and confidence to execute other dribble moves against an aggressive defender. POINTS OF EMPHASIS Athletes should always have their eyes up and be in an athletic position knees bent, shoulders square, and core tight and back straight. 1. Use both hands 2. Hard dribble to increase quickness 3. Eyes up 4. Stay low 5. Lean forward 6. Wrist action FUNDAMENTAL DRIBBLES Speed Dribble Push the ball out in front of body slightly in front of knee of dribbling hand. Change of Pace Dribble Drill athletes to move from control dribble to speed dribble as they travel across the floor. Crossover Dribble Push ball below knees from one hand to the other. Behind the Back Dribble Slide dribbling hand to the back of the ball and push the ball behind back. Nash Hesitation Drive hard in a direction, then turn your hips while maintaining a body position that is facing the same direction. Steve Smith Dribble Fake a spin dribble and go the same direction Between the Legs Dribble Control dribble stance then step forward with foot opposite dribbling hand. Chapter Push ball between legs and crossover to other hand. Inside Out Dribble Push the ball as if doing a cross over and then roll hand over to push ball back out so that it bounces on the floor near the foot of dribbling hand. 18

19 Chapter Shooting 5 Coaches need to remember to make their shooting drills correspond with proper footwork and form. There is a time to work on all types of shooting situations, however, in BA we will focus on getting shots off penetration and hard cuts Most importantly, BA athletes will always need to put up hundreds of shots per day to be a great shooter at their next level of competition. BA homework might be the best way to help our athletes to become great shooters because we often do not have enough time to get adequate shooting repetitions in our training sessions. FORM SHOOTING Form shooting is done at a slow pace, concentrating on perfecting form. The movements are exaggerated for emphasis. The point of emphasis can be upper and lower body. You can also break it down further by concentrating on a specific body part i.e. wrist, foot, elbow. Concentrate on the correct start position and end position. The athlete should be taught to self-correct. One should know why the ball did what it did. POINTS OF EMPHASIS No secret formula, we need our athletes to be gym rats and shoot on their own. We can help this process by making shooting drills more competitive. Mental practice and visualizing successful attempts. Form needs to be correct before you work on quickness of release. More often than not, good shot preparation makes for a shot you can get off in a game situation. Athletes are not to worry about missing shots - we have to encourage them to shoot when they are open. 19

20 SHOOTING Lower Body Points of Emphasis Feet square with the basket, shooting arm leg is slightly bent Feet a bit more than shoulder width apart Heels on the ground Deep knee bends Hips square to the basket Elevate Upper Body Points of Emphasis Shoulders square to the basket Elbow slightly higher than perpendicular Eyes on back rim Follow through high Finger tips on the ball in shooting hand Light touch from the non-shooting arm ** Ensure the form is correct with set shots before moving into jump shots. Always shoot from a balanced position. 20

21 Grip Fingers comfortably spread over back of ball. Middle finger should be centered. Ball rests on finger pads not in the palm. Non-shooting hand is on the side of the ball holding it in place. Arm position Wrist is cocked. The back of shooting hand forms a ninetydegree angle to the forearm and the forearm forms a ninety-degree angle to the bicep to form the letter L. Shooting pocket In front and slightly higher than the shoulder of the shooting hand. Eyes look over the ball at the target. Elbow is tucked in. Angle of release Form a straight line to the basket with toes, knees, hips, elbow and ball. Ball is released when arm is fully extended overhead (not out in front) at the height of the jump. Get to the top of jump with maximum quickness. Shooting Footwork Footwork must be precise and lower body preparation quick and low. 1-2 Stride stop On a cut or using a screen. Two foot jump stop On a cut or in the post. 21

22 LONG SHOTS Shoot from extreme range. This forces the player to maximize his form. It is similar to doing long tosses in baseball as part of a warm up for pitchers. It helps warm the muscles and also over stimulates the muscles. The closer in shots now feel easier. Target - 10 shots Key Keep form do not start throwing the ball Partner Shot Block Shooting Player 1 starts in a shooting ready position. Player 2 stands with her hands under the shooting elbow. When player 1 starts their shot (the elbow moves) player 2 attempts to block the shot. This drill forces the shooter to shoot without excessive movement. Target - 5 shots then switch. Record number of makes, and then move to a new spot. It can be used in conjunction with range finder. Keys - be ready to shoot by being under the ball. Pace and Release Get a Hand in the Face Player 1 passes to 2 and chases hard to pressure the shot. 2 works on a quick release. If 1 can block the shot - block it. Once 2 has the shot blocked they, are now allowed to use shot fakes into dribble jump shots. 2 follows his own shot. Becomes the passer and 1 is the shooter. Keys - keep your eyes on your target - Learn to shoot with pressure - The passer makes an effort to block the shot 22

23 37 POINT SHOOTING Stage one - Five Spots Players start under the basket and throw the ball out themselves Stay low Sprint to spots for conditioning Stage Two Player shoots a 3-point shot, for 3 points Then gets his rebound Throws ball back to first spot Stage Three Player makes a shot fake,(must fake above his head) One hard dribble and pull up jumper, for 2 points Rebound own shot Throw back to 1st spot 23

24 Stage Four Player fakes shot and takes 1 or 2 dribbles Player shoots a 1. Floater 2. Runner For 2 points Stage Five Repeat this sequence for the 5 spots Stage Six Finish with two foul shots Record the score 24

25 Chapter Wing Cuts Wing Cuts are an important concept for CP athletes to learn because it is quite different than what they are used to. 6 BASELINE BUMP We want players to learn to keep spacing and not to V or L cut into the driving lane of the player at the top of the key or get in the way of the 1st Big. Players must actually touch the baseline with their foot to ensure that the players do not cheat the cut. Players must look at the ball while bumping the baseline. This will open the player at the top to penetrate. CURL CUT The player needs to put his inside elbow on the outside hip of his defender, stay low and cut directly to the basket. Players need to take the initial contact and drive through it. When in doubt, try to curl cut. This will cause the defender to play on the high side, thus opening up a future back door opportunity. 25

26 BACK DOOR When the defense plays on the high side in denial, cut towards the ball and cut hard back door. Players must be encouraged to use the curl cut first as they will look to use the back door because many players do not know how to take contact. Back doors will open up when the defense is worried about the curl cut. FLAT BACK DOOR When the defender starts to cut down the angle and cheat towards the ball, fake the bump and cut flat along the baseline back door. All back door cuts are not to be encouraged until the player is consistently curl cutting their defenders. Review: Bump Baseline Flat Back Door Back Door on deny of Curl Cut When in doubt Curl Cut 26

27 Blast Cut Straight line cut leading towards ball Read defense aggressive or controlled offensive attack Aggressive back cut, contact cut into a ball cut Controlled forward pivot or reverse pivot use both to square Used in transition and to balance floor Curl Cut square up to the ball Back Cut aggressive offense When in doubt, curl cut As you get close to the 3 point line, turn toward the ball so that your chest starts to face the person passing the ball to you Put your inside elbow on the defenders outside hip If overplayed take defender a couple more steps away from the key then cut low and hard to the front rim Maintain eye contact with passer Flat Back Cut If defender starts to stay high and not cut off the baseline on a baseline bump, use a flat back door Knick Cut If your teammate dribbles at you because you are denied, take a strong step to your teammate and then aggressively cut back door Pass Fake back door Pass fake triggers a back door, on wing denied Dribble Hand-Off Use primarily when you do not have an advantage to beat defender off the dribble Also is used when the person in the perimeter spot closest to you is not a shooter, this way you can get him the ball so he can create offense by penetration rather than spotting up 27

28 Chapter 1-on-1 Moves These moves are a series of individual offensive reads on the catch, based on how the defense defends your lead. Each offensive move has a counter move. 7 Catch and Sweep Defense is on the passing line. There is no one between the offensive player and the rim because the defense is trying to deny the entry pass Catch and Continue Defense is trailing the ball and there is a lane to the basket. Reverse and Go Defense is high and tight on the inside/low leg. Square Up Defense is playing softer defense and allowing the catch. On the catch the offensive player can physically see their defender in the passing line. Plant the outside/high foot then inside (open) pivot from outside (high) foot to inside (low) foot. As you sweep ball below knees, square hips and shoulders to the rim. Push the ball out in front of the body and ensure ball hits the floor before the pivot foot comes up. Catch ball with your outside pivot foot hitting the ground first Drop you inside shoulder and go to the basket On the catch the defender sits high and tight on inside leg and denies the ball sweep. Reverse pivot on inside leg and attack. Inside pivot forward pivot on low/inside foot. Reverse pivot reverse pivot on high/outside foot. 28

29 Post Moves Against Guided Defense The player works on going right and left. Have the players expand the distance he must cover. KEY EYES UP The player must locate the target early and keep his eyes locked on the target. Many players will blink or actually close their eyes when pressured. The same drill, only now the player catches the pass vs. the guided defender. It is good to go for a 30 second burst then switch. These are attacking moves. Always finish with a made basket. KEYS Hands up to be a receiver. Do not pass the ball if the hands are not up (or roll it to them making them squat). Locate the target early. 29

30 SCORING MOVES Once you add the scoring it is important that the players understand the difference between the attacking move and the control move. Attacking Move This is when the passer leads the player directly into a score. We want to lead the player away from the defense. The posted player does not have to make a fake he just uses the seal to score directly. Control Move A control move is when the defense is behind and off and the post is unsure of what might happen. This is when the post must work on fakes and reading the double teams. POST DRIBBLE MOVE SERIES KEY - The post must check to make sure that no doubles are coming. Argentinean Stiff Arm Dribble with the baseline hand. Use your top arm as a sensor. If the defender leans on your arm you sense the defense is playing high. Read the defender s position: If they are up high to stop middle - reverse to baseline move. If you do not feel the defense the defense is staying low, then continue to the middle with a jump hook or pass to the opposite

31 BACK DOWN OR CRAB DRIBBLE When the defense sags off a player who does not want to shoot an option is to use the back down or crab dribble. The player uses his post dribble series. The only difference is that it is starting from a position further out. NOTE: Do not try to dive into the defense. Make the defense move laterally. Attack the dotted circle. If doubles occur, be prepared to pass. PONTS OF EMPHASIS We obviously do not want to train our athletes to be selfish basketball players so we must discuss perimeter skills as part of a larger team concept. When the players are working on their 1 on 1 skills we need to push them to play games that stress quick moves and reads against their defender. The more efficient the better, for instance limit the number of dribbles or limit the space available to play 1 on 1. Athletes should look at the rim during 1 on 1 drills so that when you build in the team concepts they can see their teammas. 31

32 Chapter 8 Defensive Calls 1. Dead Used when defender has control of their check. Meaning the player can contain his check effectively without too much help defense. You can almost deny on both sides of the ball. 2. Deny Used when you are defending the player one pass away from the ball and we do not want him to get a wing catch. 3. Rotate If a perimeter player gets beat on the baseline side then the weak side defender must meet the ball outside the key, calling rotate. This will trigger the other 3 defenders to also rotate to cover the basket. 4. Help Used when you are defending the player two passes away from the ball. You should be pointing at your check and the ball at the same time. 32

33 4-on-4 Shell Force Baseline. X2 denies the pass going from strong side to weak side. Once a strong side is established we keep the ball on the strong side. X1 does not allow middle penetration. Force ball sideline-baseline. X4 is in an open stance, allowing the pass baseline, in a fake and recover situation on the strong side. *** We want to avoid helping on the strong side on penetration from the top, just help and recover. X4 recovers on top foot of 4. X4 stays parallel with the sideline in stance. X4 does not allow middle penetration. X1 denies pass back to the middle. X2 builds the "I" with X3. X3 has basket responsibility. 33

34 X3 goes to help on the first dribble of 4 X2 has the basket X1 takes the first pass if it goes to 1 or 2 If a pass goes to 3: X2 goes to 3 X1 goes to 2 X3 can guard 1 to make a better match up, rather than X4 If a pass goes to 2: X1 guards to 2 X2 guards 3 X3 guards 1 If a pass goes to 1: X1 guards 1 X2 guards 2 X3 goes to help side Defense, guarding 3 34

35 4-on-4 Shell Open Stance Ball pressure, square man up with a shade to the sideline. One pass away: "open". On penetration fake, help and recover. Cannot ALLOW BASELINE DRIVE - no help baseline. Fake at penetration and recover to your man taking away baseline penetration. When help recovers X1 has to go take away the elbow. 35

36 Middle Penetration X2 who was already taking away the elbow takes 1 on penetration. X2 calls switch, X1 goes directly to 3. X3 takes 2. 36

37 5 Man Close Out Drill Work on proper angles on close out. Use chop steps and stay low as you get to the offensive player. X1 passes to any player. Offense makes five passes without passing to the person next to them. X1 closes out on all 5 players, full speed. Great conditioning drill. LIVE FOR THE FIVE PLAYERS X1 must guard the next five passes. Players change positions. 37

38 Chapter 9 Team Offense Transition Principles of Offensive Play o Concept 1 Spacing o Concept 2 Penetration o Concept 3 Cutting o Concept 4 Screens/Picks Transition FAST BREAK Advantages 1. Score faster because you can get a higher percentage shot. 2. Creates mismatches. 3. Make a comeback. 4. Difficult to have a zone press. 5. Can make your opponents offensive rebounding weaker. 6. Your team will be in better physical condition. 7. Execute fundamentals at a faster pace. Disadvantages 1. The team will make more errors. 2. There is a tendency to take bad shots. 3. Create defensive risk mentality - leave early, gamble for steals, don't box out. 4. Too much freedom in the secondary break, i.e. #5 shoots the ball as a trailer. 5. Coach does not have as much control of the game. 38

39 SIMPLE RULES FOR TRANSITION 1. Run with 5 players. 2. Rebound - must have different options to pass the ball - the first is always ball side. 3. Run the lanes. 4. Use the trailer. 5. Always look for inside and outside situations. OPTIONS FOR WINGS Turnouts or crossing the wings. Many FIBA teams are using this action. It keeps the wing players moving and running hard. iculum

40 POSTS AND TRAILERS Most teams are running the first post to the rim and the second into the high post. This sets up the high / low. If #4 is not the best post up option he needs to exit the post area to allow the better post to cut to the rim. #4 can cut to the ball side short corner or away to the opposite side. 40

41 11 MAN FAST BREAK 3-on-2 Continuous 1, 2, and 3 go 3-on-2. 3 must speed dribble until the defense steps up or else he should drive for a layup or foul line jumper. 2 and 1 must stay wide then cut to the basket. Whichever side the 3 passes to, the player then spots up at that elbow. On wing entry, player drives for a score until the defense steps up, then the decision is either: 1. Elbow jumper for 3 2. Drive and dish to other wing All 5 players then go for the rebound, in this case X2(initial tandem defender) gets rebound. That player then passes to either player in outlet spots (who are free-throw-line-extended out of bounds). X2 outlets to 2. X2 runs the wing WIDE. 2 speed dribbles middle. 5 runs the wing wide. 41

42 WING PUSH INSTEAD OF MIDDLE PUSH To change the drill you can have the ball travel up the court on the wing. 2 outlets to 7. 7 goes middle but passes to a wing to push, in this case 6. 6 needs to be aggressive to the hoop, if not to score, to flatten the tandem defense. 7 still sprints to the strong elbow like a wing entry on the break. 42

43 Principles of Offensive Play MOTION WITHOUT SCREENS FUNDAMENTAL SKILLS Maintain proper spacing Stay apart. Play outside the 3 point line. Point to wing pass 7 cut The basket cut is the foundation of motion. Once pass is delivered to the wing, player at the point position steps in same direction of pass then reads the D ball cut, back cut, cut and replace. Replace the cutter when a player cuts into the key, the Cut must be to the level of the ball and finish outside the 3-point line. nearest player replaces Do not cut to replace until cutter commits to the them at the perimeter basket two steps below the free throw line. Overplayed cut to basket If overplayed take the defender a step away from the key then cut low and hard to the front rim. Maintain eye contact with the passer. Player should pause at the basket and then cut back out to the perimeter. Dribbled at cut to basket Knick If the person with the ball dribbles toward a player, that player should cut. Two options are: 1. Shallow cut player cuts from wing to the foul line and finishes cut to outside the 3- point line at the point position. 2. Basket cut player cuts from the wing to the basket and looks to post up. Replace the cutter from point or opposite wing. Drill Progression Player should verbally call their cut as they execute it. 43

44 MOTION WITH SCREENS FUNDAMENTAL OFFENSE Fundamental skills and motion without screens must be taught to athletes before motion with screens is introduced. Athletes must know how to cut hard and fill to space before learning screens. Athletes must know how to play off dribble penetration or a penetrating pass, before moving to motion with screens. SCREENING TECHNIQUE FUNDAMENTAL SKILL In every screening action, there are two cutters. The first cutter reads the defense The second cutter (usually the screener) reads their teammate (the first cutter) SCREENER In EVERY screen, the screener should do the following skills: Visual Verbal Players first call the name of the person they are screening for and then show a fist the signal for a screen. Stance Jump stop, feet slightly wider the shoulder width, balanced and ready for contact. Cross arms at wrist with hands at approximately shoulder height. Sprint to Screen Player setting screen SPRINTS to a jump stop to set screen. Screening Angle Proper screening angle based on the type of screen being set. Read the Defense Take time to read defender before you use screen. BE LATE!! Call the cut Read the defense and then call what cut you will make. 44

45 Team Offense Basic offenses for young athletes make players create offense and learn to play with one another. The more advanced a BA athlete becomes; the more you can incorporate offensive principles involving screens and patterns. Transition 5-on-0 5-on-0 TRANSITION 1st Big 5-on-0 Transition 2 and 3 sprint on the wings and bump the baseline if they do not receive an early pass in transition. 5 runs front rim, after a 2 count he must go to the block that gives him the best opportunity to score. 1 pushes the ball and looks for the 1st big, then the wing push if they are ahead or have an advantage, or the 1 can initiate offence by his own penetration 5 establish a strong side. 1 goes to strong side. 4 goes opposite the 1. Now we are in our basic Set. 45

46 Penetration 5-on-0 Wing Penetration Baseline 3 drives baseline. 5 goes straight up the lane. 1 fills 3's position. 2 goes to the drift spot. 4 looks for a soft spot looking for a drop off pass or an open jump shot. If 2 or 1 do not receive a pass they must sprint back for defensive balance. Wing Penetration Middle 3 drives middle. 5 goes to the "short corner". 1 spaces. 4 cuts to offside block or short corner depending on spacing. 2 cuts to the corner (if 3 turns the corner late then 2 can fill on penetration). 46

47 Basic Set Post Entry This is the basic alignment I like when we know we have no opportunity for an easy transition score. This fits in perfectly with our 1st Big transition concepts. 5 goes to the front rim and seals, looking for a scoring opportunity. 1 looks to make a direct entry. 2 and 3 bump the baseline. We look for penetration opportunities if we don't enter to the post. This is the first step in the progression of teaching penetration. I like to start by limiting penetration options and then adding them in once the young players understand the spacing concepts. POST ENTRY 1 enters to the post and screens for perimeter player. 4 dives front rim. 2 goes to the

48 PASSING GAME (Ball Reversal) 1 looks to reverse the ball if he cannot make a post entry or create offense by penetration. When the ball goes from the strong side to the weak side through the trail post, this will trigger the posts to Yo-Yo. 4 must cut straight to the front rim and not to the block to encourage a high-low pass. 1 and 3 look to be vertical on the weak side to create room for the posts to work the middle of the floor. 48

49 Basic Set High Ball Screen Wings use penetration principles, penetration towards your space, penetration away from you, then you must fill. Perimeter player must use screen, meaning they have to dribble hard off screen looking for a drive, a drive and kick, or stretch the defender off the screener away from the basket. Screener always roll (for now, later players can improvise when they have the fundamentals and understand why they are making the reads they are making). Low post player blast cuts for his 3 options (already covered). 2 has to be aggressive on the use of the screen if the we are in a low shot clock situation. We can use the screen and roll for the low post to have a 1 on 1 situation on the blast cut. Wings have to be ready to catch and shoot, although this should be a focus on any possession. 2 in this situation should rotate back to cover for 1 if he drives and makes a turnover or misses a shot. The perimeter that fills is also responsible for defensive balance. 49

50 Basic Set Skip Pass 1 makes a skip pass to 3 - equal to a horizontal pass for the 1 and 2. 4 and 5 Yo-Yo. YO-YO ACTION (4 and 5) 4 makes a scoring cut to the block, trying to get the ball. If the cut is made well then the defense will be on the top side trying to take away the pass from 3 to 4. While this happens, 5 times a BLAST cut to the top of the key area, looking for 3 things (see chart below). If 5 doesn't take these options then he looks for 1's down screen on 2 (to keep weak side a little distracted). 50

51 When ball gets from the strong side wing to the weak side, the posts Yo- Yo. Screen and Roll - This is a typical End of Shot Clock situation. Looks off the 4 and 5 Yo-Yo Action: 1. First look is high-low. 2. Second look is catch and shoot. 3. Third look is catch and sweep away from the strong side post. 51

52 Chapter Team Defense 10 The shaded area is the middle 1/3 of the floor. When the ball is in this area, the alignment is like a Zone, 1 player on the ball and 4 in help, no denial, and we front the post from top. Players put their arms up like a zone. Which ever side the ball gets to becomes the strong side. In strong we deny the ball back to the middle and the skip. Also the wing forces the ball to the baseline trap. Post plays the low side when the ball goes below the foul line. In strong we want to force the trap in the shaded area 52

53 When 1 passes to the wing or on a dribble, the strong side is established and player calls strong. X2 does not allow middle penetration or a pass back towards the middle. X1 denies the pass back to 1. X5 prepares for baseline penetration by getting on the low side of the post. X3 takes either the basket or 5 if X5 has to leave his man to help. X4 has a man and a 1/2, 3 and 1/2 of 4. X1 has a man and a 1/2, 1 and 1/2 of 4. Baseline Penetration X5 shows, but helps if 2 continues to drive. X3 is under the basket but takes 5 if X5 has to help. If X3 takes 5 then X4 takes basket-he would have 3 and 1/2 on a kick out. X1 would take 1 and 1/2 of 4. 53

54 We discourage the skip by playing aggressive on the right hand of 2. If skip goes through, then X4 takes 3. X5 goes to help side. X1 guards 4 but X3 can bump X1 to 1 if the offense doesn't attack immediately after the skip. Again, discourage the skip but X4 would take 3. X1 would guard 4. X3 would guard 1. X5 would go back to help side. 54

55 This pass is the easiest rotation for us X1 guards 1 X4 guards 4 X3 guards 3 X5 guards 5 X2 guards 2 Middle Penetration We discourage middle penetration. X4 would give a good show and recover if 4 is not a good shooter. 55

56 1 passes to 4. X4 calls strong. X1 denies 1 calling deny. X3 is in help recover calling zone. X5 and X2 are in Zone. X3 forces 3 baseline. X4 denies 4. X5 shows help and prepares to rotate. 56

57 X2 takes basket on rotation. X1 takes 2 and 1/2 of 1. X4 takes 4 and 1/2 of 1. Do not allow the skip pass. Do not allow the skip pass to 2 or 1. Pass back to 4 is our easiest rotation. 57

58 Contributors to s BASKETBALL ALBERTA STAFF Greg Francis Basketall Development Director, Writer and Managing Editor Michael MacKay Technical Consultant Jef Bailey Editor and Layout 58