Print ISSN : 2349-8404; Onlin ISSN : 2349-879X; Volum 2, Numbr 11; April Jun, 201 pp 4 8 Krishi Sanskriti Publications http://www.krishisanskriti.org/jct.html An Exprimntal Study on Proprtis of Fly ash Aggrgat Comparing with Natural Aggrgat Ravichandra R. 1, Dr. J.K. Dattatrya 2, S. M. Mahshwarappa 3 1 PG Studnt, 2 Rsarch Profssor, 3 Profssor, 1,2,3 Civil Enginring Dpartmnt, Siddaganga Institut of Tchnology Tumakuru, Karnataka (India) 1 ravichandra300@gmail.com,jk.dattatrya@gmail.com 3 smmahshwarappa@hotmail.com Abstract : In this papr dtails of xprimntal studis carrid out on fly ash aggrgats as a rplacmnt to ston aggrgats has bn prsntd, ths aggrgats ar conomical and nvironmntal frindly. Th artificial fly ash aggrgats ar manufacturd by using ordinary mixr, in thr diffrnt proportions of cmnt and fly ash, thy ar 12.:87., 1:8, and 17.:82. in th form of pllts. th xprimnts conductd ar Grain siz distribution, Spcific gravity, absorption, impact valu, crushing valu, finnss modulus of thr diffrnt proportions of fly ash aggrgat as pr th Indian standards and th rsults ar comparing with natural aggrgats. Th 17.:82. proportions aggrgats giv good strngth proprtis, fly ash aggrgats is a good altrnativ for civil nginring works. Kywords: Industrial fly ash, Manufacturing tchniqu, Aggrgat proprtis. 1. INTRODUCTION Th nvironmntal impacts of crushd ston aggrgat, xtraction ar a sourc of incrasing in many parts of th country. Th impacts includ loss of forsts, nois, dust, blasting, vibrations and pollution hazards. Unplannd xploitation of rocks may lad to landslids of wak and stp hill slops. In growing nd for lctricity in India, 70 of powr is gnratd through thrmal powr plants. Th nvironmntal drads from ths plants includ air pollution du to particulat mission, watr pollution and shortag of land for dumping th fly ash. Furthr, th poor quality of Indian coal has high ash contnt, which worsns th disposal problm. Th amount of ash containd in coal or lignit burnd in powr plant can vary gratly dpnding on th sourc of coal. Th fin particls of fly ash by virtu of thir lightnss bcom air born and crat halth problms to all livings. Concrn about th dpltion of natural sourcs and th ffct on nvironmnt has particularly focusd attntion on possibility of us synthtically producd (from wast matrials) aggrgats as an altrnativ to naturally occurring matrials. In ordr to achiv altrnativ as ovr a natural, th wast products has to b usd ffctivly. Th usag of fly ash in a construction industry is a challnging job and will mak trmndous chang all ovr world. Thr ar diffrnt ways of using fly ash in industry lik it can b usd as partial rplacmnt of cmnt. But major challng will b complt us fly ash as aggrgat in a construction industry. So, fly ash can b usd in making artificial light wight coars aggrgats. Th aggrgats so prpard ar known as Fly ash aggrgats, th mthod of formation is known as plltisation. Ths aggrgats can b manufacturd in diffrnt proportion of fly ash, cmnt, th aggrgat which is manufacturd is light wight aggrgat. Whn this aggrgat usd in concrt i.., indirctly in construction industry having so much application. Du to us of this typ of aggrgat in concrt production of light wight concrt can b don. Dsign and construction by this typ of concrt is conomical, bcaus du to natur of light wight rducs th slf wight. It lads to dcras in slf wight of structur, so that thr is no nd of any othr additional structurs. In convntional concrt, wight of concrt is on of th paramtrs to compar with wight of fly ash aggrgat concrt. Normally dnsity of concrt is in th ordr of 2200 to 200 kg/m 3. This havy slf wight maks an unconomical structural matrial compard to low slf wight of fly ash aggrgat concrt. In ordr to produc concrt of dsird dnsity to suit th rquird application, th slf wight of structural and nonstructural mmbrs ar to b rducd. Hnc conomy is achivd in th dsign of supporting structural lmnts which lad to th dvlopmnt of light wight concrt. Lightwight concrt is dfind as a concrt that has bn mad lightr than th convntional concrt by changing matrial composition or production mthod. Lightwight aggrgat concrt is mad by rplacing th usual matrial aggrgat by lightwight aggrgats. Though lightwight concrt can t always substitut normal concrt for its strngth potntial, it has its own advantags lik rducd dad load, and thus conomic structurs and nhancd
An Exprimntal Study on Proprtis of Fly ash Aggrgat Comparing with Natural Aggrgat sismic rsistanc, high sound absorption and good fir rsistanc. 2. MATERIALS 2.1. Cmnt Ordinary Portland 3 grad cmnt with spcific gravity 3.1 was usd as th bindr. Th initial and final stting was 110 minuts and 20 minuts rspctivly. 2.2. Fly ash Th chmical composition of fly ash is givn in th Tabl1. Class F Fly ash was procurd from Raichur Thrmal powr plant (RTPS). RTPS is a coal-fird lctric powr station locatd at 1 21 18 N77 20 31 E / 1.3 N77.34194 ECoordinats:1 21 18 N77 20 31 E / 1.3 N 77.34194 E in th Raichur district of th stat of Karnataka, India. It is opratd by th sampl was homognizd and air-drid at 0º C to constant mass prior to furthr invstigations. Th air-drid mass was pulvrizd to pass through 1.18 mm Indian Standard (IS) siv and stord in air-tight polythn bags prior to us in various tsts. Tabl1-Chmical Composition of Class-F Fly ash constitunts prcntag Silica SiO2 0-0 Alumina Al2O3 20-30 Calcium Oxid CaO -20 Frric Oxid F2O3 4-10 Loss on Ignition LIO 1- Tabl 2 Physico-chmical proprtis of fly ash Physical proprtis Spcific gravity 2 Particl siz distribution Sand fraction (4.7mm to.07mm) Silt fraction (.07mm to.002mm) Clay fraction(<0.002mm) Chmical proprtis 2 72 2 ph 8.4 EC(µS/cm) 22 TDS(mg/l) 144 2.3. Watr Portabl drinking watr having ph valu of 7 and conforming to IS 4-2000 was usd for making of fly ash aggrgats. 3. METHODOLOGY Fly ash and Ordinary Portland cmnt wr slctd in diffrnt proportions lik [cmnt: fly ash] 12.:87., 8:1, 17.:82..Ths proportions ar thoroughly dry mixd in Concrt Mixr. Aftr dry mix in a mixr start sprinkling th watr until formation of fly ash aggrgats. Th contnts wr thoroughly mixd in concrt mixr until th formation of fly ash aggrgat. Th mthod of formation is calld plltisation. Onc th aggrgat formd from th mixr allowd to dry for a day drid aggrgat carrid for 7, 28days for watr curing and two days of stam curing at 80 dgrs C is carrid. Figur 3. Collction of fly ash aggrgats from mixr 3.1 Curing of aggrgats Curing may b don ithr by stam curing or watr curing, in this prsnt study curing of aggrgats can b don by 28days watr curing. Figur 3.1 Stam curing unit Figur 3.1.2 Watr curing 4. SEGREGATION OF FLY ASH AGGREGATES Aftr curing, fly ash aggrgats wr sgrgatd into fin and coars aggrgats basd on th siz of th pllts shown in th figur. Th aggrgats having siz lss than 4.7mm wr sivd as fin aggrgats and siz mor than 4.7 mm wr sivd as coars aggrgats. Th aggrgat blow 20 mm siz siv usd in th concrt spcimn as a fillr matrial Print ISSN : 2349-8404; Onlin ISSN : 2349-879X; Volum 2, Numbr 11; April Jun, 201
Ravichandra R., Dr. J.K. Dattatrya, S. M. Mahshwarappa Th finnss modulus of fly ash aggrgat is within th rang, as comparing with natural aggrgats.. WATER ABSORPTION OF AGGREGATES Figur 4. Sgrgation of fly ash aggrgats.. SIEVE ANALYSIS.1. Siv Analysis of Fly ash Aggrgats Tabl - Watr Absorption of Aggrgats 12.:87. 1:8 Aggrgats Aggrgats Absorption in 0 12 11. 11. 10 11.4 10. 10.3 1 10. 9. 9.2 20 10.1 8.9 9.1 2 9. 8.9 8. 30 9. 8.7 8. Tim ( min) 17.:82. Aggrgats Total wight of Fly ash Aggrgats =kg Tabl 3- Siv Analysis of Fly ash Aggrgats Wt Corr rtain ct rtai pass d mass nd Sl no IS Siv Cum rtain mm d 1 20 0.170 0.213 4.2 9.74 4.20 2 1 13.8 0.0 0.93 8.14 18.120 3 12. 13. 0.3 0.78 8.44 31.80 4 10 7.1 2.81 2.88 42.84 88.840 4.7 0.1 0.8 88.84 100 11.1 Ec= 242.9 Finnss modulus of coars aggrgats=(ec+00)/100 =7.429.2. Siv Analysis of Convntional Aggrgats Total wight of Convntional Aggrgats =kg Sl no Tabl 4- Siv Analysis of Convntional Aggrgats IS Siv mm Wt rtaind Corrct mass rtain pass Cum rtaind 1 20 0.200 0.20.200 94.80.200 2 1 0.812 0.872 17.440 82. 22.40 3 12. 1.40 1.10 30.200 9.80 2.840 4 10 1.0 1.710 34.200.80 87.040 4.7 0.88 0.48 12.90 87.04 100 Ec=27.72 Finnss modulus of coars aggrgats = (Ec+00)/100 = (27+00)/100 =7.7 Figur. Watr Absorption of Aggrgats Watr absorption givs an ida of strngth of aggrgats. Aggrgats having mor watr absorption ar mor porous. Th watr absorption of aggrgats is a on of th important factor for aggrgats whil considring dsigning mix, th absorption of aggrgats is mor th amount of watr addd in concrt is also mor. Th Aggrgats of proportion 17.:82. th watr absorption is lss whn compar to othr proportions. 7. TEST RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 7.1 7 Days Watr Curd Aggrgats Tabl -Fly ash Aggrgats Proprtis for 7 days Ratios of fly ash and cmnt Convnti onal Tsts 12.:87. 17.:82. 1:8 aggrgat Spcific gravity 1.49 1.2 1.2 2.73 Bulk dnsity 910 940 94 100 (kg/m3) Angularit y 12.1 11. 12.2 9 Finnss modulus 7.43 7.82 7.9 7 Print ISSN : 2349-8404; Onlin ISSN : 2349-879X; Volum 2, Numbr 11; April Jun, 201
An Exprimntal Study on Proprtis of Fly ash Aggrgat Comparing with Natural Aggrgat 7 Th spcific gravity of an aggrgat is considrd to b a masur of strngth or quality of th matrial. Aggrgats having low spcific gravity ar gnrally wakr than thos with highr spcific gravity valus. Th spcific gravity hlps in idntification of aggrgats. In th prsnt study 7days curd aggrgats 17.:82. aggrgats as mor spcific gravity compar to th othr two diffrnt proportions. 7.2. 28 Days Watr Curd Aggrgats Tabl 7-Fly ash Aggrgats Proprtis for 28 days Ratios of fly ash and cmnt Convnti onal Tsts 12.:87. 17.:82. 1:8 aggrgat Spcific gravity 1.04 1.3 1.8 2.73 Bulk dnsity 1000 100 1100 100 (kg/m3) Angularit y 12.1 11. 12.2 9 Finnss modulus 7.4 7. 7.7 7 In th prsnt study 28 days curd aggrgats spcific gravity and bulk dnsity is improvd compard to 7 days cur aggrgats. In ths aggrgats 17.:82. aggrgats as spcific gravity and bulk dnsity is mor compar to othr proportion aggrgats. 7.3 Crushing and Impact valus 7.3.1. 7 Days Watr Curd Aggrgats Tabl 8-Impact and Crushing Valu for 7Days Ratios of fly ash and cmnt Impact valu Crushing valu 12.:87. 4 42 1:8 40 38 17.:82. 38 3 Convntional aggrgats 27 2 7.3.2. 28 Days Watr Curd Aggrgats Tabl 8-Impact and Crushing Valu for 28Days Ratios of fly ash and cmnt Impact valu Crushing valu 12.:87. 41 37 1:8 3 32 17.:82. 29 28.8 Convntional aggrgats 27 2 Indian road congrss and ISI hav spcifid that th aggrgat crushing valu of th coars aggrgat usd for th cmnt concrt pavmnt at surfac should not xcd 30. For aggrgats usd for concrt othr than waring surfacs th aggrgat crushing valu should not xcd 4.Th 17.:82. proportion aggrgats hav good comprssiv and impact valu compar to othr proportion aggrgats. 8. CONCLUSION Th following conclusions ar mad from th abov study, which is applicabl to th matrials usd and rang of paramtrs studid. 1. In this study will provid an incras to utilization of wasts. Rcycl and rus of industrial wasts hlp a dcras in th dmand for natural minral rsourcs. 2. Th charactrization studis on fly ash aggrgats show that th proprtis of aggrgats dpnd on th typ of bindr and its dosag. 3. Moistur contnt is th major factor whras angl is th scond paramtr that influncs siz growth of pllts. Intraction ffct btwn angl and moistur contnt also influncs siz growth of pllts. 4. Finnss modulus of fly ash aggrgats ar good, so th artificial aggrgats can b usd all civil nginring works.. Spcific gravity of artificial aggrgats ar small blow th natural aggrgats.. Dnsity of artificial fly ash aggrgats is low, compar to convntional aggrgats, ths aggrgats can b asily handl. 7. Crushing and impact valu of 17.:87. aggrgats is good compar to convntional aggrgats. 9. REFERENCES [1] Harikrishnan KI, Ramamurthy K. Influnc of plltization procss on th proprtis of fly ash aggrgats. J Wast Manag, accptd for publication. [2] Kayali O, Haqu MN, Zhu B. Som charactristics of high strngth fibr rinforcd lightwight aggrgat concrt. Cmnt Concrt Compos 2003; 2:207 13. [3] Harikrishnan KI, Ramamurthy K. Study of paramtrs influncing th proprtis of sintrd fly ash aggrgats. Int J Solid Wast Tchnol Manag 2004; 30(3):13 42. [4] Baykal G, Dovn AG. Utilization of fly ash by plltization procss; thory, application aras and rsarch rsults. Rsour Consrv Rcycl 2000; 30:9 77. [] Bijn, J.M.J.M., 198. Manufacturing procsss of artificial lightwight aggrgat from fly ash. Th Intrnational Journal of Cmnt Composits and Lightwight Concrt 8 (3), 191 198. [] Srb J, Ruzickova Z. Plltization of Fins. NY, USA: Elsvir Scinc Publishing Company, 1988. [7] Gao Li-Xiang, Yao Yan and Wang Ling. Rsarch on sintrd fly ash aggrgat of high strngth and low absorption of watr, Procdings of Intrnational Print ISSN : 2349-8404; Onlin ISSN : 2349-879X; Volum 2, Numbr 11; April Jun, 201
8 Ravichandra R., Dr. J.K. Dattatrya, S. M. Mahshwarappa workshop on Sustainabl dvlopmnt and Concrt Tchnology, PP 11 to 17. [8] Gokhan Banjkal, Ata Gurhan Dorn. (2000). Utilisation of fly ash by plltization procss, application of aras and rsarch rsults, rsourcs, consrvation and rcycling 30 (2000), PP 9 to 77. [9] Mhmt Gsoglu, Turn Oztumn and Gunyisi(200), Effcts of cold bondd fly ash aggrgat proprtis on th shrinkag cracking of light wight concrts, cmnt and concrt composits 28(200) PP 92 0. [10].M.S.Shtty. (200). Concrt Tchnology, S.Chand and Co Publishing Company, pp 3 to 2. [11] Nvill A.M. (199). Proprtis of concrt, IV Ed Longman, 824p. Print ISSN : 2349-8404; Onlin ISSN : 2349-879X; Volum 2, Numbr 11; April Jun, 201