ROADWAYS. Road Safety Resource for youth groups. Section Two COMMUNICATION

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1 ROADWAYS Road Safety Resource for youth groups Section Two COMMUNICATION

2 FACTSHEET - SIDE A COMMUNICATION The meaning of communication is to transmit or pass on information, knowledge, thoughts, feelings, ideas etc. There are many ways to communicate and these range from written or verbal to visual. Our language is a form of communication. It can be verbal (our everyday speech, either directly to each other or indirectly on tape, television or radio); it can be written (on leaflets, books, posters or even on vehicle sides and signs); it can also be visual (think of sign language for the deaf); it can even be tactile (in the form of Braille for the blind!) Pictures and symbols are also a form of visual communication and these are evident every day in the signs in our local communities. Road signs are a vital part of communication in the traffic environment. Their symbols, written words and numbers and even their shape tell us important information. Road signs can be roughly broken down into three categories: a) Circular signs - usually give orders 30 School crossing patrol No cycling No overtaking No pedestrians Maximum speed No Entry b) Triangular signs - usually are warning signs School Hump bridge Accompanied horses or ponies Roundabout Road works c) Rectangular signs - give information and/or directions Glasgow M74 The North Inverness Wick Dundee A90 10 M74 The South Carlisle 97 Paisley 737 Greenock 78 Kilmarnock East (A71) Edinburgh 9 Stirling A91 Denny 872 Glasgow M80 1 Parking Priority over oncoming traffic ONE WAY Hospital with accident & emergency facility Recommended route for cycles

FACTSHEET - SIDE B COMMUNICATION Signals also communicate important information to us: Traffic light signals RED means

Do not pass through or start until GREEN shows. Motorway signals GREEN means you may go on if the way is clear.

A GREEN arrow may be provided in addition to the full green signal if movement in a certain direction is allowed before

You may do this whatever other lights may be showing.

information message Leave motorway at next exit Reduced visibility ahead Lane ahead closed Temporary maximum speed

3 FACTSHEET - SIDE B COMMUNICATION Signals also communicate important information to us: Traffic light signals RED means Stop. Wait behind the stop line on the carriageway. RED and AMBER also mean Stop. Do not pass through or start until GREEN shows. Motorway signals GREEN means you may go on if the way is clear. Take special care if you intend to turn left or right and give way to pedestrians who are crossing. A GREEN arrow may be provided in addition to the full green signal if movement in a certain direction is allowed before or after the full green phase. If the way is clear you may go but only in the direction shown by the arrow. You may do this whatever other lights may be showing. Do not proceed further in this lane Change lane End of restriction SHED LOAD AHEAD Temporary maximum speed limit and information message Leave motorway at next exit Reduced visibility ahead Lane ahead closed Temporary maximum speed Vehicle signals - indicators, brake lights I intend to move out to the right or turn right Hand signals from drivers/riders or Police officers 2 I intend to move out to the right or turn right Traffic approaching from both front and behind must stop. Traffic approaching from front must stop.

4 SECTION 2 - ACTIVITY SHEET 1 ROAD SIGNS No. 1 Signs Games Activity type: Individual or Team/Inside Copy the signs below, enlarged onto cardboard by drawing an enlarged grid on the cardboard and then copying the signs in proportion, using the grid as a guide. Colour the signs in; then cut them into squares following the grid. Then, number the back of each square. (You can make it harder by cutting the sign into smaller pieces.) Game (in the style of Catchphrase, in teams, or one-to-one): Place the cut bits of one road sign upside down on a table (in the right order so that the shape remains complete). One player or team has to eventually guess the sign by progressively calling out the number of the square they want to see (when called out, the square is turned image side up). The player or team that correctly identifies the most signs in the given time wins. To make it harder, players can also say what type of sign it is i.e. order, information, warning and get extra marks for it. 3

SECTION 2 - ACTIVITY SHEET 2 ROAD SIGNS No. 2 Match the signs Activity type: Individual/ Observation Look at the signs in the Highway Code for Young Road Users (Arrive Alive) or factsheets.

5 SECTION 2 - ACTIVITY SHEET 2 ROAD SIGNS No. 2 Match the signs Activity type: Individual/ Observation Look at the signs in the Highway Code for Young Road Users (Arrive Alive) or factsheets. Then try to remember and match the correct meaning for each of the signs shown below. 4 Roundabout Recommended route for pedal cycles No pedestrians Parking Priority over oncoming traffic Hump bridge Cross roads Cycle route ahead No right turn Hospital with Accident & Emergency facility No Cycling No entry for vehicles

6 SECTION 2 - ACTIVITY SHEET 3 ROAD SIGNS No. 3 Odd One Out Activity type: Individual or Group/ Quiz Choose the odd one out in each row of signs shown below. This can be done individually or as a group game with the one person describing each sign and the rest deciding which is the odd one out and why. a) b) c) d) ONE WAY e) 5

SECTION 2 - ACTIVITY SHEET 4 ROAD SIGNS No. 4 Silly Signs Activity type: Group/Game Look at the signs below and the silly meanings that have been invented for each one. Divide into groups of 2 or 3.

7 SECTION 2 - ACTIVITY SHEET 4 ROAD SIGNS No. 4 Silly Signs Activity type: Group/Game Look at the signs below and the silly meanings that have been invented for each one. Divide into groups of 2 or 3. Choose your own signs from the Highway Code and create your own statements or story - silly, fun or serious. Here are some examples: Broken Umbrella Follow my Leader Tuning fork amphibious car Low flying bike Car races Lost driver Giant zip fastener 6 Do you know what each of the above signs really means?

8 SECTION 2 - ACTIVITY SHEET 5 DESIGN A SIGN No. 5 Communicating a Sign Activity type: Teams/Game Divide your group into two teams. One team is given a road safety message that relates to a road sign e.g. Be careful the traffic lights ahead are out of order. This has to communicate that message to the other team using one, some or all of the following methods: Miming Whispering (like Chinese Whispers) Singing Playing charades Drawing a symbol for it The other team has to guess the message. Afterwards both teams discuss which method was easier to understand, more to the point, etc. Talk about the practicalities of using each method in a road environment. Take into account the time different road users have to take in the message that is being communicated to them. Does it help you recognise messages if they are communicated in the same way - or does it help to have the same message given in different ways. Just for interest, you could look at the different communication codes that are used internationally to convey messages, such as: Morse Code Semaphore Braille You can see opposite the Semaphore signal for COMMUNICATE. C O M M U N I C A T E 7

9 SECTION 2 - ACTIVITY SHEET 6 DESIGN A SIGN No. 6 Create a Sign Activity type: Individual or Group/Design There are many situations or events that don t have road signs. Think creatively about the need for new signs and problems you face whilst out and about. Discuss with your group possible symbols and then make your own new sign (bear in mind that signs giving orders are mostly circular, those warning are mostly triangular and information signs mostly rectangular). Possible suggestions to start you off could be: - Slow Down - No Pavement - Keep Calm No Road Rage! - Do not use mobile phones - Keep Children Restrained in Cars! - Traffic Wardens Patrolling! Individually, or in groups, make some of these signs using any medium you wish - paper and glue, paints, crayons or chalk. Remember - it needs to be easy to recognise and simple! Discuss the use of other colours on road signs apart from the traditional blue and red. Have a competition between groups to see how easily the message you intended to show, is recognised or communicated. 8

10 SECTION 2 - ACTIVITY SHEET 7 PEER PRESSURE No. 7 Taking Risks Activity type: Teams/ Role Play Sometimes we feel under pressure from other people to do something that we don t want to, or know we shouldn t. Look at the subjects below: Smoking - you are in a group of people who smoke, and who are always encouraging you to smoke, too. Cycle helmet - You value your brain, so you always wear a cycle helmet. However, some of the numbskulls at school make fun of you for it. Vandalism - you are on a bus with some people from school, and they start to vandalise the bus, encouraging you to join in. Passenger - you are a passenger in a car driven by a young driver who is being encouraged to drive faster by the other passengers in the car. In groups of four or five take one of those subjects and make up imaginary conversations. In each group there must be one playing the part of the victim being forced / bullied / pressured by the others in the group. Take it in turns to be the victim. After each act let the victim describe how they felt in each situation. At the end, discuss as a group ways in which the victim could have stood up against the behaviour of the others. Remember, you can get a feeling of pride in yourself by being strong and saying no. It s better to be different than to just be one of the crowd blindly following like sheep. 9

11 SECTION 2 - ACTIVITY SHEET 8 PEER PRESSURE No. 8 Choices Activity type: Teams/Discussion Below are several situations, each with a choice of solutions. Working in pairs take it in turns to decide which scene you would choose for each question. Afterwards, get together as a group to discuss the reasons for your choices and their possible consequences. Question 1) You have a great bike as a Christmas present and are eager to ride it to school. Your mum insists that you wear a cycle helmet, your friends make fun of anyone who wears a helmet. Do you: a) Wear it because it makes sense to protect your brain from injury - even if your friends think that it s not cool. b) Give in to your friends because you want to be part of the group and not be left out. c) Wear it as you leave the house but take it off as soon as your mum can t see you. d) Set the trend that it s cool to be safe and get your mates to wear helmets. Question 2) Your mates are on the other side of a busy road daring you to rush over to them. Do you: a) Make them wait and walk up the road a few yards to use a pelican crossing to join them. b) Wait until there is a sensible gap in the traffic and cross with care. c) Look quickly and run across hoping that drivers will slow down. d) Ignore them and walk home without crossing to join them. Question 3) 10 You know all the dangers of smoking and are really set against it - but you are with some school friends and they all say its cool to smoke, tempting you to have one. Do you: a) Join in, smoking with them straight away. b) Laugh and tell them how wrong they are. c) Agree with them and take one to try later. d) Politely refuse, telling them all the health warnings.

12 SECTION 2 - ACTIVITY SHEET 9 PEER PRESSURE No. 9 Decision Making Activity type: Individual/ Quiz This quiz provides you with a choice of three possible answers. At the end of the quiz you can find out from your group leader whether your personality makes you a leader, a follower, or somewhere in between! Question 1) You are a passenger in a minibus that has broken down on a deserted country road. The driver has gone missing. a) Do you organise who should go out in search of the driver and who should stay with the minibus? b) Do you discuss together a joint plan of action? c) Do you wait for one of the other passengers to make a suggestion? Question 2) The young boy down the road is always being bullied and made fun of - mostly by your friends who think it s a real joke. Do you: a) Try to stop the bullying and make friends with the boy. b) Join in with the rest and pick on the boy - he should be able to stick up for himself anyway. c) Ignore it all and hope that you don t have to get involved or bullied yourself. Question 3) All your group are into skate-boarding, you love it too but all they seem to do is use it as an excuse to annoy pedestrians and motorists. Do you: a) Decide to join the local skate-boarding club at the Skate Park and learn to skateboard well. b) Join in with the rest of the group so that you don t miss out on the fun. c) Pretend you don t like skate-boarding now and take up cycling. Question 4) 11 You witness an accident with some friends. It looks bad and maybe someone is badly injured. Do you: a) Stop the traffic, tell one of your friends to phone 999 and then see how you can help. b) Wait for someone to come along and take control. c) Run away and pretend you weren t there - you don t want to be involved.

a) Scott had been trying for ages to be accepted by the gang. They were so cool and confident, everyone respected them - or rather feared them.

13 SECTION 2- ACTIVITY SHEET 10 PEER PRESSURE No.10 Story-making Activity type: Individual or Group/Creative Thinking Pick one of the stories below and come up with three different endings, which show different results caused by peer pressure. a) Scott had been trying for ages to be accepted by the gang. They were so cool and confident, everyone respected them - or rather feared them. John had at last said that Scott could join their gang but he was to be tested for chicken first. They all went along to one of the busiest roads in town. Scott had to cross it - leaving it to the last moment as a car was approaching and then running over to the other side. Scott was terrified - but he didn t want to be a chicken... b) It was the latest crazy game. You had to wait until the bus was just slowing down and jump off. All her friends did it - she didn t want to, but they went on and on at her every day... c) He was fed up, everyone seemed to be on at him about something. His bedroom was a mess, he couldn t concentrate in class, he was always in trouble over one thing or another. His mates were bored so, for something to do, they dared Scott to take his dad s car out on the road for a spin... 12

Road Safety Scotland Heriot Watt Research Park (North) Riccarton, Currie, Edinburgh EH14 4AP Tel: 0131 472 9200.

14 Road Safety Scotland Heriot Watt Research Park (North) Riccarton, Currie, Edinburgh EH14 4AP Tel: Fax: RR Donnelley B /07

Sharing the Road Together. Drivers and Cyclists

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