Fit for Success. Science Year 3/4A Autumn 1. Animals, Including Humans. Session 3. Resource Pack

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Diana Wilcox
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1 Science Year 3/4A Autumn 1 Animals, Including Humans Fit for Success Session 3 Resource Pack Original resource copyright Hamilton Trust, who give permission for it to be adapted as wished by individual users. We refer you to our warning, at the foot of the block overview, about links to other websites.

2 Session 3 Teacher s Notes Health and Safety Handling real bones is a great way for children to experience first-hand their characteristics and appreciate their lightness, strength and rigidity. But it is important to be aware that bones may be covered in bacteria that could be harmful so they need to take a few sensible steps to stay safe: Use protective plastic gloves to handle bones Keep your hands (and the bones) away from your mouth Wash your hands afterwards Skeleton String Puppets Children will love making skeleton puppets and these will dance in a comical way on their strings. It is suggested that children work on them in groups on 2 or 3 within their Hockey Team Member groups. Ideally split the group into Yr 3s and 4s as each will work on a different follow up activity once the puppet is finished. Work through the slides together making the skeletons as you go. The children may need help tying the strings on as this is a bit fiddly. It would be an advantage to recruit a parent helper or other additional adult to help with this if possible. Alternatively, you could decide to string the puppets yourself later and just get the children to add the body stick during the session to get it dancing this is very easy as it only needs masking tape. Presentation The outcome of this session is a skeleton puppet dance to music with Yr 3s pointing out different bones with their arrow labels and Yr 4s reading out their explanatory script over the top. This could be done separately but it would also look good as a combined performance with 2 or more dancing skeletons and the arrows being used to illustrate parts of the spoken script. Suggested music is Dem Bones (YouTube clip of Dem Bones with lyrics) or similar. Keep the volume fairly low so it is background music to accompany the presentation.

3 Vertebrate or Invertebrate? Sit together in your research teams to play this game. You will need a copy of the game sheet and a pencil or pen to share between you. Look at each animal picture and decide if you think it is a vertebrate (it has a backbone) or an invertebrate (it does not have a backbone). If some people in the group do not agree with you, be prepared to explain your thinking! There are 12 animals altogether. Once your group has agreed on an answer, write the name of the animal in the correct section of your sheet.

4 1. Tarantula 2. Lion 3. Slug 4. Cat 5. Peacock 6. Python

5 7. Lobster 10. Chameleon 8. Toad 11. Octopus 9. Snail 12. Mackerel

6 Well Done! You have completed the challenge! Let s see how well you know your vertebrates from your invertebrates. Swap your game sheet with another team so that every team is marking a different team s answers. You will see the answer to each one appear in turn. Put a tick beside the name of each animal that has been correctly sorted and a cross beside each animal that is in the wrong place. At the end, total the score and write it at the bottom of the sheet. Good Luck!

7 1. Tarantula 2. Lion 3. Slug Invertebrate 4. Cat Vertebrate 5. Peacock Invertebrate 6. python Vertebrate Vertebrate Vertebrate

8 7. Lobster Invertebrate 10. Chameleon Vertebrate 8. Toad 9. Snail Vertebrate 11. Octopus Invertebrate Invertebrate 12. Mackerel Vertebrate

9 This game is called Five Lives because each time you make a mistake you lose a life. Once you have lost all five of your lives, you are out. Some questions are easy and some are hard. Just give each question your best guess.

10 Each question has 2 possible answers: one on the left and one on the right. You must choose which you think is correct and stand on that side of the line. If you are wrong, you lose a life! Count the lives you have lost by holding up fingers in front of you. Hold up one finger for each life lost. If the whole class is out, then everyone is back in again! Let s begin!

11 Humans are Invertebrates Vertebrates

12 The word Vertebrate comes from the word vertebrae which means Backbone or spine Pelvis or hips

13 An adult human skeleton has 206 bones 106 bones

14 Bones are strong and Heavy Light

15 Calcium in the diet helps keep bones strong and healthy. Calcium is found in Proteins Dairy foods

16 The skeleton is a frame of bones that gives the body support. It also gives protection. The brain is protected by the Skull Pelvis

17 The rib cage protects The stomach and bowel The heart and lungs

18 Bones can be photographed using Xbox Imaging X-rays

19 The longest bone in the body is the thigh bone. Its real name is The femur The tibia

20 The place where two bones meet is called a Junction Joint

21 There are different types of joint in the body. The knee moves backwards and forwards. This type is called a Hinge joint Bend joint

22 A ball and socket joint allows movement in every direction. This type of joint is found in The shoulder and hip The elbow and wrist

23 So the skeleton is a frame of bones that gives the body support, protection and also Momentum Movement

24 End of Game Congratulations to everyone still in!

25 Your task is to create your own moving, dancing, skeleton puppet It will be useful when you talk to your team member about different parts of the body as fitness coaches and it will be great fun. You will even be able to work on some skeleton dance moves!

26 Let s check that we all know the names of bones we are talking about. Can you name each one? A B C Skull Rib Cage Spine D Pelvis E Femur

27 Skeletons are better with white bones on a black background. So you are going to draw all your bones on black card.

1. Cut out each section from your template sheet 2.

It s a good idea to write arm or femur on the back of the 4 long

Use a soft white crayon or oil pastel to draw each bone.

28 1. Cut out each section from your template sheet 2. Draw round each section on black card and cut them out. It s a good idea to write arm or femur on the back of the 4 long bones so you know which is which. 3. Use a soft white crayon or oil pastel to draw each bone. Try to match the size of the template bones but don t worry if they look a bit different. It will add character to your skeleton!

29 4. Next, roughly trim around each bone or group of bones using scissors. Leave plenty of black card around the edges though. They should look like these.

30 5. Make sure you draw a left foot and a right foot. You will need to turn one leg over.

31 6. Make four holes, in the places shown by the yellow dots. Do this by pushing a sharp pencil through the card and into a blob of sticky tack underneath. Do not make your hole too close to the edge.

32 7. Now make holes in the same way at both ends of the 4 long bones and the top end of the lower arms and legs.

8. Now link your whole skeleton together with split pins by lining up the holes and gently pushing the pins through. Carefully fold back the two points.

33 8. Now link your whole skeleton together with split pins by lining up the holes and gently pushing the pins through. Carefully fold back the two points. Take care to join the femur bones to the pelvis and the shorter arm bones to the shoulder. It looks better if you put the long bones in front. 9. Work the joints backwards and forwards so they become nice and loose.

joints 11. Now draw the thread upwards and use it to make a knot around the elbow joint above it.

34 Now its time to turn your skeleton into a dancing puppet 10. Take a piece of thread about 50cm long and knot one end firmly around the pin at the back of one of the knee joints 11. Now draw the thread upwards and use it to make a knot around the elbow joint above it. The thread should have no slack in it when the limbs are both pointing downwards (as in the photograph). Now do the same with a second piece of thread on the other arm and leg.

35 13. Next attach a garden stick to the back of body with several pieces of strong tape. This stick will extend above the puppet and can be used to control body movements. 12. When the thread is gently pulled upwards, the arm and leg will rise as if your skeleton is dancing.

14. If your skeleton puppet will be controlled by three people, one can operate the stick to move the body while the other two take a string each to control the arms and legs.

36 14. If your skeleton puppet will be controlled by three people, one can operate the stick to move the body while the other two take a string each to control the arms and legs. If one or two people are going to work the puppet, it is a good idea to attach the strings to each end of another garden stick. Try to get both strings the same length and tie them to a horizontal stick whilst the arms and legs of the skeleton are in the same position. Wrap a bit of tape around the knots to hold them firmly in place.

37 15. Now you can use the sticks to control the movements of the skeleton. Lift it to raise the arms and legs together. If you pull up the body stick at the same time it will look as if your skeleton is jumping in the air! Try tilting the horizontal bar one way and then the other to make your skeleton dance! With a bit of practice it will really to come to life!

38 I can label different bones on a skeleton Skull Spine Ribcage Femur Pelvis

39 We can explain all about skeletons Work together to write a script to explain some interesting facts about skeletons. Your script can be read out by some people in your group while other people make your skeleton puppet dance! This will make a great presentation for your team member. Below is a table with some words and facts to help you. 206 bones altogether Supports body Joints where 2 bones meet allows movement Ribs protect the heart and lungs Skull protects the brain Bones light and strong 54 bones in a human hand and wrist Smallest bone inside the ear helps you hear Femur longest bone (thigh) Bones repair themselves if they break Your Skeleton is amazing

Soft-Over-Ball. Exercise Chart.

Soft-Over-Ball. Exercise Chart. Lay on your stomach, your head on your hands. Contract your thighs. Press your pubic bone into the mat while lifting your belly-button as if an ice cube was underneath. Place the Mambo Max Soft- Over-Ball