Chuck Sr. Extensio. O Neill. on Specialist. Pennsylvania Balla. st Water Workshop 13 Marc. ch Cooperative Extension. NY Sea Grant / Cornell

Transcription

1 Economi ic Impact Great Ballast Water of Chuck Lakes Sr. Extensio on Specialist Introductions O Neill NY Sea Grant / Cornell Cooperative Extension Pennsylvania Balla st Water Workshop 13 Marc ch 2008

2 Great Lakes Basin Non- -Native Aquatic Species ce % Abundan

3 Geographic So ource Regions Species Nu umber of

4 Invasion Mechanisms s for the Great Lakes Shipping Unintentional Release Unknown Deliberate Release Canals Railroad/Highway/Natural ~70% N = present

5 Commercial Ship (14 Months Activity) Ballast Dump Ballast Load

6 Vector Ballast Water Discharge St. Lawrence Seaway ± 70% of Great Lakes introductions

7 Great Lakes Ballast Water Introductions Common Name Description Species First Observed amphipod brown alga calanoid copepod coccolithophoroid benthic invertebratee Echinogammarus ischnus 1995 epibenthic invertebrate Eurytemora affinis 1958 p Sphacelaria lacustris 1975 Hymenomonas roseola 1975 Actinocyclus normanii 1938 Biddulphia laevis 1938 Cyclotella atomus 1946 Chaetoceros hohnii 1946 Skeletonema potamos 1962 Skeletonema subsalsum 1963 Stephanodiscus binderanus 1964 Stephanodiscus subtilis 1964 Thalassiosira guillardii 1964 Thalassiosira lacustris 1973 Thalassiosira pseudonana 1973 Thalassiosira weissflogii 1973 Diatoma eherenbergii 1978

8 Great Lakes Ballast Water Introductions Common Name Description Species First Observed Cyclotella cryptica 1978 Cyclotella woltereki <1978 Thalassiosira i baltica 1930s Eurasian ruffe fish Gymnocephalus cernuus 1986 fish-hook waterflea planktonic invertebrate Cercopagis pengoi 1998 flatworm benthic invertebratee Dugesia polychroa 1968 fourspine stickleback fish Apeltes quadracus 1986 green alga Nitellopsis obtusa 1983 bloody red shrimp crustacean Hemimysis anomala 2006 oligochaete benthic invertebrate Phallodrilus aquaedulcis 1980 oligochaete benthic invertebratee Ripistes parasita 1983 Quagga mussel benthic invertebratee Dreissena bugensis 1991 red alga Chroodactylon ramosum 1964 red alga Bangia atropurpurea 1964 round goby fish Neogobius melanostomus 1990 spiny waterflea planktonic invertebrate Bythotrephes longimanus 1984 tubenose goby fish Proterorhinus marmoratus 1990 waterflea planktonic invertebrate Eubosmina coregoni 1966 zebra mussel benthic invertebratee Dreissena polymorpha 1988

9 Great Lakes Introducti ons Unknown Vector Common Name Description Species First Observed Cyclotella pseudostelligera 1988 blueback herring fish Alosa aestivalis 1995 cladoceran planktonic invertebr rate Bosmina maritima <1980s cyclopoid copepod planktonic invertebrate Megacyclops viridis 1994 digenean fluke parasite invertebrate Neascus brevicaudatus 1992 digenean fluke digenean fluke flagellate harpacticoid copepod harpacticoid copepod harpacticoid copepod harpacticoid copepod parasite invertebrate Acanthostomum sp parasite invertebrate Ichthyocotylurus pileatus 1980s parasite invertebrate Trypanosoma acerinae 1980s benthic invertebratee Nitocra hibernica 1973 benthic invertebratee Nitocra incerta 1998 benthic invertebratee Heteropsyllus cf. nunni. <1990s benthic invertebratee Schizopera borutzkyi 1990s mixosporidian idi parasite invertebrat te Sphaeromyxa sevastopoli 1994 monogenetic fluke parasite invertebrate Dactylogyrus amphibothrium 1980s monogenetic fluke parasite invertebrate Dactylogyrus hemiamphibothrium 1980s suctorian invertebrate Acineta nitocrae 1970s VHSv viral pathogen Novirhabdovirus sp. ~2005 waterflea planktonic invertebrate Daphnia lumholtzi 1999

10 Sea Lamprey (Petromyzon marinus) - Canal Vector Annual Lamprey Control Costs ~$20 million

11 Purple loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria) Solid Ballast / Intent. $45 Million/year forage lo sses and control costs (CRS 1999)

12 Impacts on Fisheries / Fishing $1 Billion/year (Cornell Univ. 1999)

13 Economic Impact Case Study Zebra mussel (Dre eissena spp.) ) {1988}

14 NYSG/NANSC Study: 1995 Looked at raw water-dep pendent infrastructure: Electric power generat tion Public and private drin king water treatment plants Industrial facilities Navigation lock and dam structures Marinas and other faci lities

15 States Reporting Ec conomic Impacts: 1995 No impact reported Low impact reported High impact reported

16 NYSG/NANSC Study: facilities reported zebr ra mussel-related expenses: Total: $69.1+ million Min: $400 Max: $5.95 million Mean: $206,0 000

17 All Categories ($ x 1 million) = $69.1 Million Electric Generation Drinking Water Industries Agencies Scenic Riverways Shipping Navigation Locks Fish Hatcheries Impoundments Institutio ns R ecreatio n F ac. Marinas Golf Courses M M M 002M M M 0.72 M 0.56 M 0.49 M 5.85 M 4.57 M M M 0

18 Shipping, Navig gation & Locks 59 responses, 29 infested, Min: $400 Max: $563,0 Mean: $18,38 80 Total: $1.05 m 1.52% of total rep 57 expenses 000 million ported impact $563 thousand in Great Lakes (53.6% total shipping, nav & lo ocks)

19 Industrial Facilities 56 responses, 22 infested, Min: $2,0000 Max: $1.6 m Mean: $167,0 000 Total: $5.85 m 8.46% of total rep 35 expenses million million ported impact $2.8 million in Gre eat Lakes (4.1% total industry)

20 Water Treatm ment Plants 160 responses, 100 expen nses Min: $1,0000 Max: $3.66 million Mean: $214,0 000 Total: $21.4 million 31.03% of total re ported impact $11.7 million in Gr reat Lakes (51.7% of total WTP)

21 WTP Expenses by Great Lakes State/Province (x $1000) Ont 8 PA 47 MN 66 IN 145 IL 275 MI 1120 WI 2426 NY

22 Nuclear Po ower Plants 23 responses, 12 infested, 23 expenses Min: $3,0000 Max: $5.95 million Mean: $787,0 000 Total: $18.1 million 26.2% of total rep orted impact $16.78 million in Great Lakes (92.7% total nuclear)

23 Fossil Fuel Power Plants 85 responses, 76 expense es, 52 infested Min: $1,2000 Max: $1.28 million Mean: $146,0 000 Total: $11.1 million 16% of total repor rted impact $8.56 million in Gr reat Lakes (77% total fossil fuel)

24 Hydro Pow wer Plants 23 responses, 22 expense es, 13 infested Min: $1,0000 Max: $410,0 000 Mean: $80,00 00 Total: $1.76 million 2.55% of total rep ported impact $100,000 in Great Lakes (5% total hydro)

25 Actual and Extra apolated Impacts Electric Generation & Water Treatment 1995 Study 2005 Study $56.7 million $146 million $550+ million* $267 million All Categories $1 1.5 billion* * Extrapolated

26 Long-Term Study Needs Longitudinal study is neede ed Problems with 1995 & 2005 surveys: 1995: Industry worried about stock values; few willing to share information 2005: Industry more worried about stock values; not enough respon ses for statistical analysis 2005: Deregulated po ower generation more worried about stock val ue; not enough responses for statistically rele evant analysis 2005: Power generati on deregulation = loss of institutional me mory what was spent when 2005: Since late-90s, in maintenance phase; zebra mussel-related activities not specially coded as in early days of th he invasion

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