Right Oviduct Fertility Studies
|
|
- Lenard Fleming
- 5 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Right Oviduct Fertility Studies WALTER MORGAN, PH.D. DESPITE the early anatomical bilateral potential of the reproductive system in the chicken, most females ultimately have only one functional ovary (the left) and one functional oviduct (also the left) when adults. Since the discovery that double oviducts, or persistence of the right oviduct, may be inherited 6 and that double oviducts may be identified in the living hen, 7 many questions have arisen concerning the influence of the right oviduct upon reproduction. Are eggs laid from both oviducts? If all or part of the semen enters the right oviduct at the time of natural mating, is fertility as high as when semen enters only the left oviduct? Can the ova from the left ovary be engulfed with equal ease by either the left or the right infundibulum? Can ova be fertilized by semen introduced through either oviduct, or must the mating be consumated only through the left oviduct opening? The purpose of this report is to answer the last of these questions and to shed light on others. PROCEDURE Inasmuch as the double-oviduct hens have only a left ovary8 there can be no ovulation from a right ovary into the right infundibular area. Identification of fertile eggs, resulting from inseminations into the right oviduct only, would suggest one of the following possibilities: (1) occasional engulfing of ova from the left ovary by the right oviduct, or (2) a posteriad migration of the semen to the cloacal area-followed by an anteriad migration into the functional left oviduct. Viable sperm were introduced into the right oviducts of double-oviduct hens in an effort to determine whether fertility resulted. Breedings Tests Twenty-three hens, which were identified as double-oviduct by the technic described by Morgan and Adams, were placed in individual wire cages. The hens were moved to the cages from floor pens which were From the Division of Animal Science, South Dakota State University, Brookings, S. D. 268
2 VOL. 19, No.2, 1968 THE RIGHT OVIDUCT 269 without males. Thhteen laying hens were artificially inseminated on Nov. 18 and Nov. 23 with semen collected from White Leghorn males of proved fertility. Approximately 0.2 cc. of undiluted semen was drawn into a 1.0-cc. tuberculin syringe, the syringe was then placed in the right oviduct of each hen and the semen was discharged. A total of 26 inseminations were made into the right oviducts. Eggs were individually identified when collected. Two settings of eggs, 1 week apart, were incubated. All eggs which were saved were laid no sooner than the second day after the initial insemination. At the time of incubation, the oldest eggs were approximately 7 days old. In all, 71 eggs were incubated from hens which were inseminated in the right oviduct (Table 1). On Nov. 30 and during the first week of Dec., the same hens were inseminated with semen from the same males-but into the left oviducts. The previously described procedure for saving and setting eggs was used for this phase of the experiment. In all, 44 eggs were set from the doubleoviduct hens which were inseminated with White Leghorn semen in the left oviduct during Dec. (Table 1). At the same time, double-oviduct hens which had not been laying in Nov. were inseminated with semen from Rhode Island Reds. Fertility resulting from this mating occurred 66 times (Table 1). Concurrently, semen from the White Leghorn males was inseminated into normal, single-oviduct hens during Nov. and Dec. A total of 152 eggs were incubated from this group of tester hens. From the results in Table 1, it is evident that semen which was introduced into the right oviduct was unable to fertilize ova. A careful examination of possible physical barriers within the body cavity followed. Anatomical Studies For the purpose of anatomical studies, double-oviduct hens were killed and placed on their backs. Incisions between the body and thighs freed the legs so that they could be bent downward to give the body bilateral support. The skin was cut near the vent to permit removal of skin and feathers from the entire ventral surface. Lateral incisions were then made TABLE 1. Fertility Resulting From Artificial Insemination Right Oviduct Left Oviduct Sire Dam Eggs set Fertile % Eggs set Fertile % R DOR WL DOR WL SOT R indicates Rhode Island Red Roosters; DOR, phenotypically double-oviduct Red hens; WL, tester roosters; and SOT, Single oviduct-tester hens.
3 ~10 MORGAN FERTILITY & STERILITY approximately 15 mm. on each side of the breast and continued through the ribs, permitting a lifting of the sternum and attached portions. Compact visceral contents occupied most of the body cavity. A ventromedial mesentery extended from the viscera to the medial sternal area. Hyman regarded the ventral mesentery as being composed of the ventral and falciform ligaments. Removal of the breast ruptured the mesentery. Dorsal to the medial sternal area were the liver lobes. Next posteriad in the body cavity, and protected ventrally by the posterior portion of the sternum and the breast, was the gizzard. The proventriculus extended anteriorly from the gizzard and dorsal to the left liver lobes. Intestinal loops around the lateroposterior perimeter of the gizzard were attached by fat and mesentery. Additional mesentery enclosed and supported the intestines. Dorsal to the intestinal mass was a medial mesentery which appended along a dorsal line between the right and left kidneys. McCleod referred to this as the "great mesentery." Ventrally, the dorsal mesentery was attached to the colon and extended from the cloaca and adjacent small intestine anteriorly to the spleen and liver. Thus the mesentery divided the two sides of the body cavity in the area of the gonads. An additional barrier was formed by the bilateral air sacs, each with two walls. In each hen, therefore, there was an effective barrier separating the right and left sides of the body cavity. Dorsally, the great mesentery extended to the viscera and intestines which, with their attached mesenteries, were joined ventrally by the ventromedial mesentery, which extended to the sternum. DISCUSSION Double-oviduct hens in the Rhode Island Red strain used for this study had right oviducts which were comparable tq the functional left oviducts. At autopsy, the right oviducts of laying hens were shown to be nearly the same length as those on the left side. The infundibular areas were not occluded but were structurally similar to those of the left oviducts, and would presumably be receptive to nearby ova. It was obvious that a sufficient physical barrier, particularly of the great mesentery and of the intestinal mesenteries, prevented migration of ova from the left ovary to the right side of the body. That answered two of the previously posed questions: (1) completed eggs were not formed in the normal-appearing right oviducts and (2) ova could not be fertilized in the right oviducts. Investigations concerning the ability of the right oviduct to effectively add the albumin layers, the shell membranes and the shell could be undertaken by making an incision in the right side of the body and inserting a yolk-like
4 VOL. 19, No.2, 1968 THE RIGHT OVIDUCT 271 object into, or near to, the infundibulum. An alternative would be to surgically sever the great mesentery and occlude the anterior end of the left oviduct so that the ova produced by the left ovary would be engulfed by the right infundibulum. The classical description of sperm movement is that the sperm move anteriad in the oviduct and unite, in the infundibular area, with the newly ovulated ova. The ova become fertilized prior to the addition of albumin to the forming egg. Recently the California groupl.9 has studied sperm movement and sperm concentration in the left oviduct of the hen. It is not surprising that the sperm (as indicated by negative fertility results reported in Table 1) which were inseminated into the right oviduct did not return posteriad to the cloacal region for movement and subsequent fertility in the left oviduct. Examination of tissues showed no sperm in the left oviducts of hens which were inseminated on the right side. Structural features of the chicken permit fertility only on the left side and the sperm do not migrate from one oviduct to the other. These findings are unrelated to the peculiar unilateral implantation observed in Sylvicapra grimmia by Child and Mossman. Infertility results from insemination into the right oviduct (Table 1) and it is conceivable that at copulation, in natural Hoor matings, the semen might enter the right, rather than the left oviduct of double-oviduct hens.. The result would obviously be infertility. When two oviduct openings are observed by a person practicing artificial insemination, the syringe should always be inserted into the left opening to insure maximum fertility. Artificial insemination is used widely in turkey production. 4 With the serious present-day fertility and parthenogenetic problems in turkeys, it is particularly important for the inseminator to introduce the semen only into the left oviduct opening for best results. From the practical standpoint, we could not expect double-oviduct hens to lay more eggs than single-oviduct hens unless an additional mutation for providing a right ovary could be incorporated into the breeding stock. Approximately 24 hr. are normally required for the egg to he completed after the initial ovulation. The present study indicates that mere selection for an increased ovulation rate would not result in more than one egg per day in the double-oviduct stock because the ova cannot cross the body cavity and be engulfed by the right infundibulum. SUMMARY Rhode Island Red laying hens which had two oviducts were artificially inseminated with semen from potent roosters. When the semen was in-
5 272 MORGAN FERTILITY & STERILITY troduced into the left oviduct, fertility was 82%; when introduced into the right oviduct, there was no fertility. It is concluded that the physical barriers present in the body cavity of the hen (the dorsal mesentery, the viscera, and the ventral mesentery) effectively prevent passage of ova from the left to the right side and that sperm do not migrate posteriad in the right oviduct to subsequently enter and fertilize ova in the left oviduct. South Dakota State University Poultry Science Department Brookings, S. D REFERENCES l. BOBR, L., LORENZ, F. W., and OGASAWARA, F. X. Distribution of spermatozoa in the oviduct and fertility in domestic birds. J Reprod FertiI8:39, CmLD, G., and MOSSMAN, A. Right horn implantation in the common duiker. Science 149: 1265, HYMAN, L. Comparative Vertebrate Anatomy. University of Chicago Press, Chicago, JOHNSON, A. S. ArtiRcial insemination of turkeys. Canadian Deparbnent of Agriculture, Pub. 897, Ottawa, McLEOD, W. M., TROTTER, D. M., and LUMB, J. W. Avian Anatomy. Burgess, Minneapolis, MORGAN, W., and KOHLMEYER, W. Bilateral oviducts in hens. Nature 180:98, MORGAN, W., and ADAMS, A. Identification of two oviducts in live hens. Poultry Sci 38:861, MORGAN, W., and GREB, R. Genetic and evolutionary aspects of double oviducts in Gallus. Poultry Sci 38: 1454, VAN KRAY, H. P., OGASAWARA, F. X, and LORENZ, F. W. Distribution of spermatozoa in the oviduct and fertility in domestic birds: IV. J Reprod Fertil 11:257, 1964.
Dogfish Shark Dissection
Dogfish Shark Dissection Name Date Period Fun Facts: Materials: The teeth of sharks are modified scales embedded in the skin of its mouth Sharks have pits on their face used to detect electric fields Sharks
More informationExercise 18B Class Chondrichthyes Cartilaginous Fishes
AP Biology Chapter 24 Exercise #18: Chordates: Fish Cartilaginous Fishes Lab Guide Exercise 18B Class Chondrichthyes Cartilaginous Fishes This group contains about 970 species that are characterized by
More informationCourse: Equine Science. Unit Title: Horse Breeding Techniques TEKS: 130.5(C)(3)(C) Instructor: Ms. Hutchinson. Objectives:
Course: Equine Science Unit Title: Horse Breeding Techniques TEKS: 130.5(C)(3)(C) Instructor: Ms. Hutchinson Objectives: After completing this unit of instruction, students will be able to: A. Explain
More informationShark Lab Key. dorsal surface. click on picture for ventral surface
Shark Lab Key Study this basic information about the spiny dogfish shark. Print this Shark Lab Report Guide. Pre-Lab Research Study this website. It provides several useful videos of large shark dissections.
More informationFROG DISSECTION LAB 100 points possible
FROG DISSECTION LAB 100 points possible Purpose: The purpose of this lab is to enhance lab performance skills, develop dissection techniques, and compare and contrast the digestive system of a frog to
More informationExternal Anatomy Dissection Guide
External Anatomy Dissection Guide Dissection is the cutting of a dead animal or a plant into separate parts for the purpose of careful and detailed examination and study. The external anatomy is as important
More informationFrog Dissection. External Observation
Frog Dissection External Observation Use the diagram below to locate and identify the external features of the head. Find the mouth, external nares, tympani (ear drum), eyes, and nictitating membranes
More informationGen Bio 2 Lab #10: Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes
Name: Date Gen Bio 2 Lab #10: Chondrichthyes and Osteichthyes Pre-Lab Reading: pages 687-690 Pre-Lab Vocabulary: 1) Ampullae of Lorenzini 2) Claspers 3) Lateral line 4) Ovoviviparous 5) Squalene 6) Viviparous
More informationShark Dissection Dogfish Squalus acanthias
Name Shark Dissection Dogfish Squalus acanthias Fun Facts: The teeth of sharks are modified scales embedded in the skin of its mouth Sharks have pits on their face used to detect electric fields Sharks
More informationChapter 30 Nonvertebrate Chordates, Fishes, and Amphibians Name
Chapter 30 Nonvertebrate Chordates, Fishes, and Amphibians Name Lab Dissecting a Perch Background Information Fish are the largest group of vertebrates found in fresh and salt water. In fact, over 25,000
More informationFish Dissection. Background
Fish Dissection The Fish Dissection program at Hatfield Marine Science Center is a 50-minute hands-on program for 4th through 12th grade students. Students will work in small groups as they examine a variety
More informationPerch Dissection Lab
Perch Dissection Lab Introduction: The fish in the class Osteichthyes have bony skeletons. There are three groups of the bony fish - -- ray-finned fish, lobe-finned fish, and the lung fish. The perch is
More informationAnimal Diversity III Deuterostomes
Animal Diversity III Deuterostomes In this third and final animal diversity lab, we will study the deuterostomes, which include phylum echinodermata and phylum chordata. Though echinoderms and chordates
More informationStudents use wildlife survey study techniques to discover the cause of the drop in a wood duck population.
Fowl Play Summary Students use wildlife survey study techniques to discover the cause of the drop in a wood duck population. Background Wood ducks spend most of their time in ponds and streams near woods.
More informationMollusks Soft-bodied Invertebrates
Mollusks Soft-bodied Invertebrates Phylum Mollusca Very diverse - more species of molluscs than any other group in the ocean. Phylum includes: Bivalves (2 shells); ex. Clam Gastropods (1 shell, coiled);
More informationGeneral Characters of Trematodes
Parasitology Department General Characters of Trematodes By Hala Elwakil, MD Intended Learning Outcomes By the end of this lecture, the student will be able to know: 1. General morphology of trematodes
More informationLecture 3 Guidelines for Reproductive Biology
Lecture 3 Guidelines for Reproductive Biology Photos by Margaret Marchaterre (1998) (courtesy Gordon Haas, lecture notes, Alaska) (courtesy Gordon Haas, lecture notes, Alaska) Reproduction studies
More informationClam Dissection. Introduction. Taxonomy
Introduction The phylum Mollusca includes snails, clams, chitons, slugs, limpets, octopi, and squid. As mollusks develop from a fertilized egg to an adult, most pass through a larval stage called the trocophore.
More informationEquine Science & Technology. Unit Title: Horse Reproduction and Parturition CIP:
Equine Science & Technology Unit Title: Horse Reproduction and Parturition CIP: 020221-09 Instructor: Objectives: After completing this unit of instruction, students will be able to: A. Describe the physiology
More informationIllinois Association of Vocational Agricultural Teachers Poultry Career Development Event
A. GENERAL INFORMATION 1. Eligibility Illinois Association of Vocational Agricultural Teachers Poultry Career Development Event Any student is eligible who is under 21 years of age at the time of the event,
More informationFocus Fish anatomy and acoustic technology
NOAA Gray s Reef National Marine Sanctuary Acoustic Fish Tagging Project Activity: Make and Implant a tag (transmitter) into a Snapper or Grouper Species Then Dissect Fish Grades 9-12 Developed by C.J.
More informationPerch Dissection Lab
Name: Block: Due Date: Perch Dissection Lab Background The fish in the class Osteichthyes have bony skeletons. There are three groups of the bony fish: ray-finned, lobe-finned, and the lungfish. The perch
More informationIntroduction. Sharp knife Disposable gloves Antiseptic wipes/hand wash Means of suspending carcass (if appropriate) Plastic bags Record book
Introduction From the moment it is culled a deer carcass needs to be treated carefully on it s way to becoming food. One of the first steps in the process is the gralloch, during which part of the meat
More informationUse of biotechnology to improve muscle growth in aquaculture species: Preliminary results on the use of myostatin in tilapia
Nov. 12, 2011 HAAA Workshop Use of biotechnology to improve muscle growth in aquaculture species: Preliminary results on the use of myostatin in tilapia Yong Soo Kim, PhD Department of Human Nutrition,
More informationFrog Dissection Pre-Lab
Name: Class: Date: Why are we dissecting a frog? Frog Dissection Pre-Lab Frogs and humans are vertebrates and they have very similar organ systems. Although all of the internal organs are not exactly the
More informationFish Dissection Background
Fish Dissection Background Introduction Living things are similar to and different from each other. For example, when we look at the inside of a fish, we learn that the organ systems of fish are similar
More informationVirtual Shark Lab. Getting Started
Virtual Shark Lab Getting Started In this lab you will study the anatomy of the shark. Humans are fascinated by sharks. We are at once repulsed and attracted to these predators. We fear them, often unnecessarily,
More informationUROMASTIX DIGESTIVE SYSTEM
UROMASTIX DIGESTIVE SYSTEM by Dr. Rashmi Tripathi Department of Zoology Brahmanand College, Kanpur DIGESTIVE SYSTEM : The digestive system consists of (A) Alimentary canal and (B) Associated digestive
More informationDISSECTION 101 THE FROG
DISSECTION 101 THE FROG Dissection helps us understand how living things function. Dissection is analytical. Dissection is an adventure. Discussion Frog anatomy is unique in that it does resemble human
More informationAppendix F: Ecology F-5C Pile Installation Demonstration Project Analysis of Tissues of Fish Exposed to Pile Driving
Appendix F: Ecology F-5C Pile Installation Demonstration Project Analysis of Tissues of Fish Exposed to Pile Driving Pile Installation Demonstration Project Analysis of Tissues of Fish Exposed to Pile
More informationInternal Anatomy of Fish
Internal Anatomy of Fish The Systems of a Fish Skeletal System Muscular System Respiratory System Digestive System Circulatory System Nervous System Reproductive System Special Organs Skeletal System
More informationFrog Dissection. PreLab: 1. Where do frogs get their energy? Draw a simple food chain to illustrate.
Name Date Frog Dissection Class # PreLab: Amphibian Reading As members of the class Amphibia, frogs may live some of their adult lives on land, but they must return to water to reproduce. Eggs are laid
More informationL9 Frog Dissection- External Page 1 of 7 STUDENT LABORATORY PACKET. Student s Name Modified from Prentice Hall Lab. Manual Lab Instructor Date Points
L9 Frog Dissection- External Page 1 of 7 STUDENT LABORATORY PACKET Lab 9: Bull Frog: External Examination Student s Name Modified from Prentice Hall Lab. Manual Lab Instructor Date Points Objective: 1.
More informationBatter s box. Game 1. Respiratory system essentials. Options. The respiratory system consists of the respiratory tract, the 1
Game 1 Batter s box Fill in the blanks with the appropriate words. Hint: Some answers are used more than once. Respiratory system essentials The respiratory system consists of the respiratory tract, the
More informationGENES AND CHROMOSOMES CHROMOSOMES IN SEX CELLS. Horse Science: How Inheritance Works in Horses Page 3. dam unite and grow into the new animal.
Horse Science: How Inheritance Works in Horses Page 3 Two tiny cells are the only links of inheritance an animal has with its parents. A sperm cell from the sire and an egg cell from the dam unite and
More informationAnimal Science Info Series: AS-B-226 The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service
Animal Science Info Series: AS-B-226 The University of Tennessee Agricultural Extension Service Yearling Bull Management James B. Neel, Professor and Neal Schrick, Associate Professor Animal Science, University
More informationBivalved molluscs filter feeders
Class Bivalvia Bivalved molluscs have two shells (valves). Mussels, clams, oysters, scallops, shipworms. Mostly sessile filter feeders. No head or radula. Class Bivalvia Part of the mantle is modified
More informationDead Perch Parts. ACADEMIC STANDARDS: 4 th Grade B. Know that living things are made up of parts that have specific functions.
Dead Perch Parts Fish Anatomy Adapted from: An original Creek Connections activity created from the Fish Anatomy model. Grade Level: Intermediate or advanced Duration: 30 minutes Setting: classroom Summary:
More informationTitle: May 31 2:42 PM (1 of 23) Phylum Mollusca
Title: May 31 2:42 PM (1 of 23) Phylum Mollusca Title: May 31 3:25 PM (2 of 23) often referred to as mollusks second largest phylum has 7 classes only looking at 4 bilateral symmetry, true body cavity
More information[Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document
[Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of the contents of the document. Type the abstract of the document here. The abstract is typically a short summary of
More informationTAY DISTRICT SALMON FISHERIES BOARD POLICY ON SALMON STOCKING
TAY DISTRICT SALMON FISHERIES BOARD POLICY ON SALMON STOCKING August 2011 1 INTRODUCTION This document describes the policy adopted by the Tay District Salmon Fisheries Board for the artificial stocking
More informationThe Formation and Fate of the Operculum and Gill-chambers in the tadpole of Rana temporaria.
The Formation and Fate of the Operculum and Gill-chambers in the tadpole of Rana temporaria. By Gwendolen T. Brock, M.Sc, D.PM1. (Oxon.). With 16 Text-figures. THIS work has been undertaken with the object
More informationANIMAL FORM AND FUNCTION CEPHALOPODS (PHYLUM MOLLUSCA)
ANIMAL FORM AND FUNCTION CEPHALOPODS (PHYLUM MOLLUSCA) As part of our continued exploration of the animal kingdom today we will perform a dissection of a squid, which is a member of the Class Cephalopoda
More informationRegulations for registering Miniature Longhorns with the TLBAA
Regulations for registering with the TLBAA 1) All Miniature Texas Longhorns (MTL) must be descended from registered standard-sized Texas Longhorns 2) Until a sufficient pool of registered stock has been
More informationInherited Recessive Genetic Testing for U.S. Red and Black Wagyu Cattle A Fact Sheet and Guide for Producers REVISED 11/01/2014
Inherited Recessive Genetic Testing for U.S. Red and Black Wagyu Cattle A Fact Sheet and Guide for Producers REVISED 11/01/2014 Inherited Recessive Traits and the Five Disorders What is a Recessive Trait?
More informationChapter 12 Part 2. The Worms Platyhelminthes, Nematoda & Annelida
Chapter 12 Part 2 The Worms Platyhelminthes, Nematoda & Annelida Phylum: Platyhelminthes Examples: Flatworms, Planaria sp., tapeworms and blood flukes Acoelomate, Invertebrate, Simplest critter w/ bilateral
More informationI. Evolutionary Perspective. Chapter 12. II. Molluscan Characteristics. A. Regions of Molluscan Body 11/2/10
I. Evolutionary Perspective Chapter 12 Molluscan Success Some of the world s best predators Large brains Complex sensory structures Rapid locomotion Grasping tentacles Tearing mouthparts Have been around
More informationArchival copy: for current recommendations see or your local extension office.
NAME ADDRESS CLUB 4-H HORSE PROGRAM HORSE SCIENCE This educational material has been prepared for 4-H use by the Cooperative Extension Services of the U.S. Department of Agriculture and State Land-Grant
More informationPHYLUM CHORDATA: Subphylum vertebrata
PHYLUM CHORDATA: Subphylum vertebrata There are three basic characteristics that distinguish Phylum Chordata from all other animal phyla: The presence of a flexible, rod-like, internal supporting structure
More informationLesson 28. Function - Respiratory Pumps in Air Breathers Buccal Force Pump Aspiration Pump - Patterns of Gas Transfer in Chordates
Lesson 28 Lesson Outline: Evolution of Respiratory Mechanisms - Air Breathers Form - Accessory Air Breathing Organs Facultative vs Obligate - Lungs Function - Respiratory Pumps in Air Breathers Buccal
More informationSynchroGait. Text: Lisa S. Andersson, Capilet Genetics and Kim Jäderkvist, Swedish University of agricultural Sciences (SLU).
SynchroGait Learn about your horse s natural ability for different gaits Get help from the DNA-test SynchroGait to learn about your horse s genetic potential for gaits. The test is very easy to use and
More informationInherited Recessive Genetic Testing for U.S. Red and Black Wagyu Cattle A Fact Sheet and Guide for Producers REVISED 2/22/2011
Inherited Recessive Genetic Testing for U.S. Red and Black Wagyu Cattle A Fact Sheet and Guide for Producers REVISED 2/22/2011 Inherited Recessive Traits and the Five Disorders What is a Recessive Trait?
More informationStudies on the gonadosomatic index and fecundity of chapila ( Gudusia chapra Ham.)
Bangladesh}. Fish. Res., 2(2), 1998: 195-2 Studies on the gonadosomatic index and fecundity of chapila ( Gudusia chapra Ham.) A.K.M.A. Kabir, M.A. Hossain\ S.M. Rahmatullah*, S. Dewan and M.S. Islam Department
More informationCorydoras aeneus (Bronze Corydoras)
Corydoras aeneus (Bronze Corydoras) Family: Callichthyidae (Plated Catfish) Order: Siluriformes (Catfish) Class: Actinopterygii (Ray-finned Fish) Fig. 1. Bronze corydoras, Corydoras aeneus. [http://www.planetcatfish.com/images/mid(r)/siluriformes/callichthyidae/corydoras/aeneus/1.jpg,
More informationFISH ANATOMY DIAGRAM AND QUESTIONS
Name Block FISH ANATOMY DIAGRAM AND QUESTIONS External: 1. What percentage of fish are bony fish? 2. What is the operculum s function? 3. The nostrils are used for, not. 4. Which fins keeps the fish level
More informationFish Dissection. 1. Place the preserved perch on the dissecting tray. Locate the head region. Examine the eyes. 6. What is the name of these flaps?
Name: Date: Per: Introduction: Fish Dissection In this lab students will work within a group to learn from the dissection of a Perch. Dissection gives the student the opportunity to observe the location
More informationChapter 7. Marine Animals Without a Backbone
Chapter 7 Marine Animals Without a Backbone Molluscs Characteristics of Phylum: More than 200,000 species Name means "soft body" Basic body plan head, muscular foot and visceral mass in most species Mantle-
More informationFishes and Amphibians Objectives
Fishes and Amphibians Objectives List the four common body parts of chordates. Describe the two main characteristics of vertebrates. Explain the difference between an ectotherm and an endotherm. Describe
More informationLesson 2: Exploring the Dairy Industry
Lesson 2: Exploring the Dairy Industry 1 Terms Artificial Insemination (AI) Beef Butterfat Cattle by-products Crossbreeding Culling Dairy Herd Improvement (DHI) Outcrossing Purebreeding Veal 2 How do I
More informationExploring the Aquaculture Industry
Lesson B2 12 Exploring the Aquaculture Industry Unit B. Animal Science and the Industry Problem Area 2. Identifying and Understanding the Segments of the Animal Science Industry Lesson 12. Exploring the
More informationHolsteins in Denmark. Who is doing what? By Keld Christensen, Executive Secretary, Danish Holstein Association
Holsteins in Denmark By Keld Christensen, Executive Secretary, Danish Holstein Association Danish Holstein Association The Danish Black and White Cattle Association was founded in 1949 when two major regional
More informationHair Shedding Scores Relating to Maternal Traits and Productivity in Beef Cattle. An Undergraduate Honors Thesis in the. Animal Science Department
Hair Shedding Scores Relating to Maternal Traits and Productivity in Beef Cattle An Undergraduate Honors Thesis in the Animal Science Department Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for
More informationLABORATORY 7: GENETICS OF ORGANISMS
LABORATORY 7: GENETICS OF ORGANISMS OVERVIEW In this laboratory you will use Drosophila melanogaster, fruit flies, to do genetic crosses. You will learn how to collect and manipulate fruit flies, collect
More informationA pheasant researcher notebook:
A pheasant researcher notebook: what we are learning about pheasants and pheasant hunters in Nebraska TJ Fontaine Nebraska Cooperative Fish and Wildlife Research Unit Managing pheasants is challenging
More informationDogfish Shark Dissection Introduction 1. What are two reasons why spiny dogfish are used for study in laboratories?
Dogfish Shark Dissection Introduction 1. What are two reasons why spiny dogfish are used for study in laboratories? 2. Someone who studies fish is called an. 3. Sharks and fish belong to the Phylum a.
More informationLECTURE 6 - OUTLINE. Evolution & Classification - Part II. Agnatha (cont.) Gnathostomata
LECTURE 6 - OUTLINE Evolution & Classification - Part II Agnatha (cont.) 6. Myxini 7. Cephalaspidomorphi Gnathostomata 1. Phylogenetic relationships 2. Placodermi 3. Acanthodii BIOL 4340 Lecture 6-1 Class
More information/20 Lab #5 The Dissection of the Perch
/20 Lab #5 The Dissection of the Perch Perch are members of the class Osterichthyes, or bony fishes. They are found in many Canadian waters and are an excellent specimen of boney fish. Food enters the
More information1-634 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE THE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM. John E. Hutchison, Dilectol, College Statloll, Texas
1-634 TEXAS AGRICULTURAL EXTENSION SERVICE THE TEXAS A&M UNIVERSITY SYSTEM John E. Hutchison, Dilectol, College Statloll, Texas FIELD DRESSING BIG GAME Wallace G. Klussmann, Charles W. Ramsey, Milo J.
More information`Mollusks. may or may not form a hard, calcium carbonate shell. Trochophore Larva
`Mollusks Phylum Mollusca Soft-bodied invertebrate covered with protective mantle that may or may not form a hard, calcium carbonate shell Includes chitons, snails, slugs, clams, oysters, squid, octopus,
More informationTO: Director, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health. FROM: Iowa FACE Program Case No. 00IA055 Report Date: July, 2001
TO: Director, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health FROM: Iowa FACE Program Case No. 00IA055 Report Date: July, 2001 SUBJECT: Two Farmers / Brothers Killed By Young Angus Bull SUMMARY:
More informationTHE GENERAL STUD BOOK OF SOUTHERN AFRICA CONDITIONS OF ENTRY
THE GENERAL STUD BOOK OF SOUTHERN AFRICA CONDITIONS OF ENTRY (Subject to the Rules of The National Horseracing Authority of Southern Africa) 1. Definition A Thoroughbred is a horse which is recorded in
More informationChapter 10. Part 1: Cartilaginous Fishes
Chapter 10 Part 1: Cartilaginous Fishes Objectives Understand how hagfishes and lampreys differ from all other fishes. Describe how sharks, skates, and rays are related. Differentiate between cartilaginous
More informationBroodstock and Hatchery Management
Broodstock and Hatchery Management Ryan L. Lane, PhD Fisheries & Illinois Aquaculture Center Aquaculture in U.S. Demand for lean, mild-flavored products Striped bass Morone saxatilis Depletion of wild
More informationGenetic Experiments with Drosophila Modified from CBSC: Carolina Drosophila Manual
Genetic Experiments with Drosophila Modified from CBSC: Carolina Drosophila Manual Basic genetic mechanisms arose early enough in primitive organisms (or were so superior to alternatives) that most organisms
More informationBooklet translated by SREJ at CSDC 1
Name: Gr. : Booklet translated by SREJ at CSDC 1 This is the beginning of a new project about Aquaculture. Before we start, I would like to see what you already know about the subject. Write all the words
More informationSurvey of Agriculture Systems. Animal Science
Survey of Agriculture Systems Animal Science Define Terms Animal Science The science of animal growth, care, and management. Animal Welfare Line of thinking that proposed that animals should be treated
More informationBreeding & Reproduction Activities
Breeding & Reproduction Activities Speaker Suggestions Artificial Insemination technicians or salespersons Sire Analyst Embryo transfer technician Experienced cattle breeders Different breeders that have
More informationHastening the onset of the breeding season. by Julie Skaife, of Select Breeders Services
Hastening the onset of the breeding season. by Julie Skaife, of Select Breeders Services The horse is a seasonal breeder meaning that natural mating occurs during certain times of the year to ensure that
More informationZebrafish Fin Regeneration Virtual Experiment
Zebrafish Fin Regeneration Virtual Experiment The purpose of this experiment is to learn more about the process of regeneration and the molecular mechanisms behind tissue growth. Zebrafish are popular
More informationUnit A: Introduction to Cattle Management. Lesson 2: Exploring the Dairy Industry
Unit A: Introduction to Cattle Management Lesson 2: Exploring the Dairy Industry Student Learning Objectives: Instruction in this lesson should result in students achieving the following objectives: 1.
More informationFish. Water Dwelling Animals
Fish Water Dwelling Animals Class Agnatha (Jawless fish) They are believed to be the most primitive and oldest vertebrates. Lamprey and hagfish are the only 2 living members of this class and are placed
More informationChapter 35. Table of Contents. Section 1 Mollusca. Section 2 Annelida. Mollusks and Annelids
Mollusks and Annelids Table of Contents Section 1 Mollusca Section 2 Annelida Section 1 Mollusca Objectives Describe the key characteristics of mollusks. Describe the body plan of mollusks. Name the characteristics
More informationClass Polychaeta: Marine Worms
Class Polychaeta: Marine Worms Animal Phyla Phylum Mollusca (Snails, Clams, Octopods and Allies): Radula: rasping tongue Shell: 3 layers, mostly calcium carbonate Inner-most = nacre = mother of pearl Mantle:
More informationFishes are vertebrates that have characteristics allowing them to live and reproduce in water.
Section 1: are vertebrates that have characteristics allowing them to live and reproduce in water. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned Essential Questions What are the features of
More informationCHAPTER 25 Early Tetrapods and Modern Amphibians
CHAPTER 25 Early Tetrapods and 25-1 Physical Adaptations: Oxygen content Movement Onto Land Oxygen is 20 times more abundant in air so terrestrial animals can obtain oxygen much more easily once they possess
More informationROINN NA MARA ROE YIELD. OF IRISH HERRING
ROINN NA MARA ROE YIELD. OF IRISH HERRING by E. Barnwall Fishery Leaflet 144 Dublin 1989 ROE YIELD OF IRISH HERRING by E. Barnwall Fisheries Research Centre Abbotstown, Dublin 15. Fishery Leaflet No 144
More informationThe Animals: Kingdom Animalia
The Animals: Kingdom Animalia Kingdom Animalia (Animals) What is an Animal? Zoology- The study of Animals General Characteristics of 1. Animals are multicellular and eukaryotic. Animals 2. Animals consume
More informationPhylum Platyhelminthes. You will need: five colours of pencil crayon or pen (preferably blue, green, red, orange and purple)
Phylum Platyhelminthes You will need: five colours of pencil crayon or pen (preferably blue, green, red, orange and purple) Phylum Platyhelminthes bilaterally symmetrical have all 3 embryonic germ layers:
More informationAMPHIBIANS Biology ~ Advanced Studies
DOL 52 53 AMPHIBIANS Biology ~ Advanced Studies 6. Closed circulation, 3 heart chambers 7. Sexual reproduction a. frogs & toads external fertilization b. salamanders & caecilians internal fert. 8. Metamorphosize
More informationCrayfish Dissection. Materials:gloves, preserved crayfish, paper towel, dissecting pan, scissors, forceps, dissecting. Background: LME-305
Living Science LME-305 Crayfish Dissection Materials:gloves, preserved crayfish, paper towel, dissecting pan, scissors, forceps, dissecting needle, dissecting pins, and pen or pencil Background: Like all
More informationBivalves: Mollusks that Matter
Objective Bivalves: Mollusks that Matter Version 6/05 Students will understand the anatomy and physiology of mussels, and understand why they may pose health risks to humans. National Science Education
More informationThe importance of Pedigree in Livestock Breeding. Libby Henson and Grassroots Systems Ltd
The importance of Pedigree in Livestock Breeding Libby Henson and Grassroots Systems Ltd Spotted sticks and Spotted rams Control Natural Selection Winter food supply Shelter Predation Disease control Impose
More informationTrout Production at the Bobby N. Setzer Fish Hatchery
Trout Production at the Bobby N. Setzer Fish Hatchery A informational slide show on how trout are reared. Prepared by NCWRC staff for the Trout in the Classroom program. NC Wildlife Resources Commission
More informationPHYSIOLOGY AND REPRODUCTION. Development of the Reproductive System in Turkeys with a High or Low Susceptibility to Prolapse of the Oviduct
PHYSIOLOGY AND REPRODUCTION Development of the Reproductive System in Turkeys with a High or Low Susceptibility to Prolapse of the Oviduct S. Buchanan, G. W. Robertson, and P. M. Hocking 1 Roslin Institute,
More informationBody Plan of the Chordates. Notochord, dorsal hollow nerve cord, pharyngeal gill slits, blocks of muscle, post-anal tail
Chordata The Major Groups Invertebrate Chordates Fishes Class: Agnatha Class Condrichthyes Class Osteichthyes Class: Amphibia Class: Reptilia Class: Aves Class: Mammalia Body Plan of the Chordates Notochord,
More information(fig. 3) must be at the same temperature as the water in this chamber CALORIMETRIC STUDIES OF THE EXTREMITIES
CALORIMETRIC STUDIES OF THE EXTREMITIES II. EXPERIMENTAL APPARATUS AND PROCEDURES' By ROY KEGERREIS (Received for publication July 1, 1926) The calorimeter used in these experiments is a modification of
More informationCoelomate Worms: Sipunculans, Pogonophorans, Echiurans and Vestimenifera
Coelomate Worms Coelomate Worms: Sipunculans, Pogonophorans, Echiurans and Vestimenifera Ectoderm Mesoderm Dt Endoderm Coelom Often dismissed as minor or lesser Comprise less than 600 species total Never
More informationThe control and eradication of Mycoplasma synoviae in Dutch commercial poultry
The control and eradication of Mycoplasma synoviae in Dutch commercial poultry W.J.M. Landman & A. Feberwee GD Animal Health, Deventer, the Netherlands X-bacillus 0.5 µm Mycoplasmas in birds About 25
More informationLife 23 - Respiration in Air Raven & Johnson Ch. 53 (part)
1 Life 23 - Respiration in Air Raven & Johnson Ch. 53 (part) Objectives 1: Compare the properties of air and water as media for respiration, and the consequences for the evolution of respiratory systems
More informationAnimal Diversity : Dissection of the Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis)
Animal Diversity : Dissection of the Trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) Objectives Examine the internal and external anatomy of trout. Compare and contrast the trout and the squid Introduction Phylogeny is
More information