Phylogeny of the Order Carnivora. Carnivora

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1 Phylogeny of the Order Carnivora Carnivora 1

2 Geologic Timescale relevant for this lesson plan Age (Ma ) Geologic Age Pleistocene Pliocen e Miocene Oligocene Eocene Middle Late Earl y North American Land Mammal Ages Irvingtonian Blancan Hemphillian Clarendonian Barstovian Hemingfordian Arikareean Whitneya n Orellan Chadronian Duchesnean C C Barbourofelids become extinct Barbourofelids arrive in NA Felids arrive in NA C CatGap Barbourofelids first appear in Africa Nimravids become extinct Felids first appear in Europe Metatomarctu Nimravids first appear in NA and Asia 2

3 Name: Period: Date: What is in an Arm? Using cat and dog forelimb anatomy to learn about evolution and ecology Instructions: For homework, answer the following questions about bone anatomy and function. Then, using the boxes on the back of this page, research your two assigned animals and complete the tables for each. Remember to put all information in your own words, and to include a list of sources after you are done! Please answer all questions in complete sentences for numbers Label the name of each bone listed for each subject. 2. What is the forelimb s function for most mammals? 3. How could you tell the difference between the bones of different species? Include at least three examples of features you might use for differentiation? 4. What are some interesting facts you know about bones? Include at least two pieces of information. 3

4 Assigned Canid: Common Name: Conservation Status: Habitat: Predators: Prey: Interesting Facts: Unique Hunting Adaptations: Assigned Felid: Common Name: Conservation Status: Habitat: Predators: Prey: Interesting Facts: Unique Hunting Adaptations: Sources: 4

5 Name: Period: Date: What is in an Arm? Gallery Walk Instructions: With your group, complete the following boxes as you travel around the room examining the posters and fossil bones of the other organisms. At each poster, the expert on those organisms should present the information and explain them to your home group. Information here can be brief! Jot down quick notes for later comparison purposes what is different about these organisms from your own? What is most interesting to you? Finally, create one drawing of the forelimb of each organism at that station. As you observe your assigned animals humeri, use the charts below to help you label observed bone structures the best you can. Label the proximal and distal ends of your drawing, and indicate if your drawing is an anterior or posterior view. In addition, label at least six features that seem unique about the bone. Use scientific vocabulary where you can. Descriptions of ridges, bumps, or general shape can also be helpful. Comparative Bone Chart: Human Upper Arm and Key Terms 5

6 Medial List your Master Group Members: Master Group #1 Expert: 6

7 Felid Example #1: Common Name: Conservation Status: Habitat: Predators: Prey: Interesting Facts: Unique Hunting Adaptations: Humerus Drawing: (Hint, pick an angle that displays the most unique features) Canid Example #1: 7

8 Common Name: Conservation Status: Habitat: Predators: Prey: Interesting Facts: Unique Hunting Adaptations: Humerus Drawing: (Hint, pick an angle that displays the most unique features) Master Group #2 Expert: Felid Example #2: 8

9 Common Name: Conservation Status: Habitat: Predators: Prey: Interesting Facts: Unique Hunting Adaptations: Humerus Drawing: (Hint, pick an angle that displays the most unique features) Canid Example #2: 9

10 Common Name: Conservation Status: Habitat: Predators: Prey: Interesting Facts: Unique Hunting Adaptations: Humerus Drawing: (Hint, pick an angle that displays the most unique features) Master Group #3 Expert: Felid Example #3: 10

11 Common Name: Conservation Status: Habitat: Predators: Prey: Interesting Facts: Unique Hunting Adaptations: Humerus Drawing: (Hint, pick an angle that displays the most unique features) Canid Example #3: 11

12 Common Name: Conservation Status: Habitat: Predators: Prey: Interesting Facts: Unique Hunting Adaptations: Humerus Drawing: (Hint, pick an angle that displays the most unique features) Master Group #4 Expert: Felid Example #4: 12

13 Common Name: Conservation Status: Habitat: Predators: Prey: Interesting Facts: Unique Hunting Adaptations: Humerus Drawing: (Hint, pick an angle that displays the most unique features) Canid Example #4: 13

14 Common Name: Conservation Status: Habitat: Predators: Prey: Interesting Facts: Unique Hunting Adaptations: Humerus Drawing: (Hint, pick an angle that displays the most unique features) Master Group #5 Expert: 14

15 Felid Example #5: Common Name: Conservation Status: Habitat: Predators: Prey: Interesting Facts: Unique Hunting Adaptations: Humerus Drawing: (Hint, pick an angle that displays the most unique features) Canid Example #5: 15

16 Common Name: Conservation Status: Habitat: Predators: Prey: Interesting Facts: Unique Hunting Adaptations: Humerus Drawing: (Hint, pick an angle that displays the most unique features) Conclusion Questions: Answer the following questions in complete sentences. 1. What similar bone characteristics did you notice between the cats and dogs? 16

17 2. What characteristics between the cat and dog forelimbs were most different? 3. What overall trends did you notice within the felid group in terms of anatomy, habitat, niche, or predation style? 4. What overall trends did you notice within the canid group in terms of anatomy, habitat, niche, or predation style? KEY for Teachers Comparative Bone Chart: Metatomarctus vs Modern Dog and Cat 17

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19 Name: KEY for Teachers Period: Date: What is in an Arm? Using cat and dog forelimb anatomy to learn about evolution and ecology Instructions: For homework, answer the following questions about bone anatomy and function. Then, using the boxes on the back of this page, research your two assigned animals and complete the tables on each. Remember to put all information in your own words, and to include a list of sources after you are done! Please answer all questions in complete sentences for numbers Label the name of each bone listed for each subject. Humerus Humerus Humerus Ulna Ulna Radius Radius Radius Ulna 6. What is the forelimb s function for most mammals? The primary function is locomotion (i.e. running, digging, climbing, swimming etc.). May also be used to help capture prey. 7. How could you tell the difference between the bones of different species? Include at least three examples of features you might use for differentiation. By looking at the various features on the bones, their shape, and how they articulate. The three features can be found on the comparative bone chart. 8. What are some interesting facts you know about bones? Include at least two pieces of information. Students will have various responses. 19

20 KEY for Teachers maybe used as a print out Reproduced PowerPoint Slides For Assigned Animals 20

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