Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus)

Transcription

1 Wildtier-Informationssystem der Länder Deutschlands Results 25

2 What is WILD? größter Stichprobenwert Mittelwert (Median) Die Box umfaßt 5 % der Werte kleinster Stichprobenwert Diagram to illustrate the graphical representation of the results The Wildtier-Informationssystem der Länder Deutschlands (WILD) is a nation-wide monitoring program, which collects frequency data and populations trend of free ranging animals. WILD is a project of the German Hunting Association (Deutschen Jagdschutz-Verbandes, in short DJV) started in 21 and a permanent element of the long-term environmental assessment effort. Development of conservation and sustainable utilization strategies of free ranging animals are the most important objectives. It will also serve as a base for further research and for decision making in German hunting and conservation policy. Data collection in WILD is separated in two parts: animal censuses in selected areas (reference areas) and populations estimates in as many as possible hunting districts all over Germany. Support from hunters to the project is voluntarily and a significant contribution to the conservation of wildlife. At the moment data is collected for Brown Hare, Red Fox, Badger, Carrion Crow and Partridge and includes the actual counting of the animals and recording of additional factors, that influence population density like landscape structure, land use and climate. Occurrence and partly abundance of 24 additional species were recorded for the first time in 26 (area assessment). Further extension and cooperation with other wildlife monitoring efforts in Germany is imminent. Results of the yearly census are published in the annual report, which can be found in the internet: This brochure gives a summarized overview of the results from 25. Brown Hare (Lepus europaeus) Since 21 spring and fall population densities are collected consistently in whole country with spotlight censuses. More than 8 reference areas are already established and each year nearly 6 of them provide population estimates. Germany was divided into three large regions to represent the significant distinctions between these areas, which are reflected in different animal densities and population trends. All results are represented as means. Brown Hare Northwest Germany (consisting of the federal states of Schleswig Holstein, Lower Saxony, Bremen, Hamburg and North Rhine-Westphalia) has the highest population density in all years, with 23,9 hares/1 ha in spring 25. The densities in Central and South Germany (consisting of the federal states of Baden Wurttemberg, Bavaria, Hesse, Rhineland-Palatinate and Saarland) are significantly lower with 14,6 Hasen/1 ha. The lowest densities can be found in Eastern Germany (consisting of the federal states of Berlin, Brandenburg, Mecklenburg-Western Pomerania, Saxony, Saxony-Anhalt and Thuringia) accumulating to only 5,4 hares/1 ha.

3 A second yearly census is carried out in fall, which revealed for Northwest Germany 28,5 Hasen/1 ha, for Central und South Germany 15.7 hares/1 ha and for East Germany 5, hares/1 ha in Dichte [Individuen/1 ha Taxationsfläche] Nordw esten Frühjahr Herbst Comparison of spring and fall brown hare population densities in 25 Spring population densities of brown hare in the reference areas in 25 1 Dichte [Individuen/1 ha Taxationsfläche] 9 During the period of 22 to 25 spring population densities of the brown hare 8 were rising from 11, to 14,5 hares/1 ha on the base of all participating refer- 7 ence areas. When separated into the three large regions, results were quite different. In Northwest Germany the densities was rising by 11 %, it stayed nearly the same in Central and South Germany and with a 17 % increase East Germany had the highest growth during these years. In the very hot summer of the countrywide population increase reached the largest level so far with 26,2 % Nordw esten Development of brown hare population desities from 22 to 25

4 Red Fox (Vulpes vulpes) The countrywide uniform assessment of the fox population was taking place for the third time within the WILD project. In 25 fox den density data was available from more than 35 reference areas. Average den density was,3 dens/1 ha, which corresponds to the density of the last years. Lowest den densities were reported from Northwest Germany. To calculate average litter densities, den densities are multiplied with a factor to Red Fox account for the sex ratio of the species. The resulting average minimum population was,8 fox/1 ha in spring and 2,3 fox/1 ha in summer, with a mean litter size of 5 animals. With the data from 25 it was possible to evaluate the population trend of red fox for the first time. Den densities of the red fox from 23 to 25 show only minor fluctuations with no clear trend visible. 1,6 Dichte [Gehecke/1 ha] 1,4 1,2 1,,8,6,4,2, Nordwesten Comparison of red fox den densities between the three geographical regions of Germany in 25 2, 1,8 Dichte [Gehecke/1 ha] 1,6 1,4 1,2 1,,8,6,4,2, Den density of the red fox in the reference areas in 25 Development of red fox den densities in all hunting areas from 23 to 25

5 Badger (Meles meles) Collecting of badger population data is done in connection with the den density census of the red fox in the same reference areas. Badger dens are found throughout Germany with the exception of some parts of North Rhine- Westphalia, Lower Saxony and Schleswig Holstein. Average den density in all hunting areas in 25 was,1 dens/1 ha. Northwest Germany has considerably lower den densities in comparison to both other regions and the badger is only present in 6 % of the regions hunting areas. In contrast 8 % of the hunting areas in East respectively Central and South Germany have badger occurrence. Minimum spring density was determined with,2 badger/1 ha and minimum summer density with,3 badger/1 ha nationwide. Actual litter size in 25 was 3 litter/den, which corresponds to the data from previous years. Population densities during 23 and 25 indicate a insignificant decline in all participating hunting areas. Badger 1,2 Dichte [Gehecke/1 ha] 1,,8,6,4,2, 156 Nordw esten Comparison of badger den densities between the three geographical regions of Germany in 25 Dichte [Gehecke/1 ha] 1,,9,8,7,6,5,4,3,2,1, Nordw esten Den densities of the badger in the reference areas in 25 Development of badger den densities in the three geographical regions of Germany from 23 to 25

6 Carrion and Hooded Crow (Corvus corone) Carrion and Hooded Crow are both registered within the WILD project since 23. In 25 accounts from more than 35 reference areas are analyzed. Minimum mean pair density is 1 pair/1 ha across the country, with 7 % breeding pairs. Pair densities in Northwest Germany are 1,9 pair/1 ha and thus higher than in East respectively Central and South Germany. The proportion of the hunting areas with no crow pairs at all is 14 % and the majority of these is situated in the east German states. Carrion Crow Pair densities from 22 to 25 remained nearly constant, however East Germany showed a small increase, whereas Central and South Germany displayed a small decrease. 8 Dichte [Paare/1ha] Nordwesten Comparison of carrion and hooded crow densities in the three geographical regions of Germany in 25 7 Dichte [Paare/1ha] Nordwesten 127 Pair density of hooded and carrion crow in the reference areas in 25 Development of carrion and hooded crow pair densities in the three geographical regions of Germany from 23 to 25

7 Partridge (Perdix perdix) Nation-wide assessments of partridge densities are carried out since spring 22. Population densities varies highly on the regional level. Similar to the situation in brown hares, the east German states have a considerably lower partridge density than the west German states. It is even absent in more than half of the communities, where pair density was evaluated. The distribution hot-spots of partridge are characterized by atlantic climate (mild winter) and regions with warm and dry climate (vineyard areas). Here the pair density minimum average is 1-2 pair/1 ha and in some communities even 7 pair/1 ha were recorded. Partridge Pair densities over the last four years remained stable in those federal states, which provided state-wide assessments since Dichte [Paare/1 ha Offenlandfläche] Niedersachsen Hessen Nordrhein-Westfalen Mecklenb.-Vorpommern Thüringen Saarland Sachsen-Anhalt Comparison of partridge pair densities between different federal states of Germany in 25 Population density of partridge from 22-25

8 Example of land use mapping in a hunting district in the federal state of Rhineland-Palatinate Bundesland Länderbetreuer Telefon Baden-Württemberg Dr. M. Pegel manfred.pegel@lvvg.bwl.de 7525 / Bayern Dr. D. van der Sant dirk.vandersant@jagd-bayern.de 89 / Berlin Dr. H. Nösel heike.noesel@lfe-e.brandenburg.de 3334 / Brandenburg G. Greiser grit.greiser@lfe-e.brandenburg.de 3334 / Bremen H. Tempelmann tempelmann@t-online.de 428 / Hamburg M. Willen mwi@ljv-hamburg.de 4 / Hessen R. Becker rolfw.becker@ljv-hessen.de 632 / Mecklenburg-Vorpommern R. Pirzkall info@ljv-mecklenburg-vorpommern.de 3871 / Niedersachsen Dr. E. Strauß egbert.strauss@tiho-hannover.de 511 / Nordrhein-Westfalen Dr. H. Schlepper hschlepper@ljv-nrw.org 231 / Rheinland-Pfalz F. Voigtländer f.voigtlaender@ljv-rlp.de 6727 / Saarland J. Schorr saarjaeger@t-online.de 681 / 317 Sachsen F. Ende ljv-sachsen@t-online.de 351 / Sachsen-Anhalt O. Thärig ljv.sachsen-anhalt@t-online.de 3925 / Schleswig-Holstein Dr. D. Hoffmann daniel.hoffmann@bnl-petryhoffmann.de 4347 / Thüringen Dr. H. Nösel heike.noesel@lfe-e.brandenburg.de 3334 /