Location, layout, and proximity to water. Protection from attack. Law and enforcement. Reporting to the King.

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Ezra Shelton
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A Royal Charter From the King Know ye that His Royal Highness, the King of England, has hereby offered his approval to a venture establishing a colony across the seas on the shores of North America.

1 A Royal Charter From the King Know ye that His Royal Highness, the King of England, has hereby offered his approval to a venture establishing a colony across the seas on the shores of North America. This privilege has been extended to thy group contingent upon thou providing plans for such a colony. Such plans will, to the best available knowledge, insure the success of the colony and the health and welfare of the King s subjects. Your group is assigned the task of deciding where the colony shall be located and how the colony shall be governed. His Majesty is most anxious that the administration of the settlement be fair and efficient. Assignment of various important functions shall need to be made. Consider the following needs of the colony: * The location and layout of the settlement. Proximity to water for drinking, irrigation, and navigation. Consult the map on the following page. * Protection of the inhabitants from attack by hostile natives. But, you also have to oversee friendly trade with the natives to insure their proper treatment. We want native people to help us and not to be our enemies. What will you do to make that happen? * A way of making local laws. How will the laws be enforced? By whom? * The King is very anxious to keep track of the progress of the colony. Who will do this, how often, and how do you intend to report this to His Majesty? Location, layout, and proximity to water. Protection from attack. Law and enforcement. Reporting to the King. Revised from 7

2 PICK A SPOT! Use the map below of the original 13 colonies to decide where you would like to start your colony. Choose 3 different areas for colonization and rank them 1-3. As a class we will decide who chooses first! 8

3 Colony Outline Map Create a map of your colony. You will need to draw in any mountains, hills, lakes, and rivers that exist. Label the features on your map. Copies will be made of your outline map to keep track of your colony as it develops. Include the 5 parts of a map. (title, key, scale, compass rose, and date). 9

4 Locating a Colony What will you name your Colony? 3 Reasons for picking the location How far is it to agriculture land building materials drinking water the ocean distance direction What will protect you from -storms & flooding -invaders from the ocean -invaders from land How will you get -freshwater for drinking & cooking -access to deepwater supply ships -building materials -to your agricultural lands 10

5 Indentured Servant Contract I, of do firmly oblige myself as a faithful and obedient servant in all things whatsoever, to serve and dwell with according to the laws and customs and orders for servants in Virginia. The said providing for his servant all such necessaries in the time of his/her service and at the expiration of the term as the laws oblige masters to perform to their servants. Signed (servant) (master) Date Indentured servants: Serve from 2-7 years (usually fewer than 5) Must obey master Free passage to America Master provides food, clothing and shelter. At the end of service, receive land, clothes and tools or money. Can be whipped as punishment Time added to service for breaking the law (hitting your master, running away, getting married) Chance to get rich Masters Servant must obey you Pay for the person s passage Give them food, shelter and clothing Get acres of land for every servant you bring over Servant can be freed if you whip him for no good reason Must take care of sick servants 11

6 Colonists Wanted! The year is 1606 and you are one of 120 colonists headed to the New World to establish a colony. The Prince Charles will set sail in 1 month to drop you off in the New World after a 12 week voyage. Travel from England to the New World is expensive, slow, and dangerous. Supply ships may arrive every 3 or 4 months and there are no other English colonies to communicate with or to get help from. For your colony to be prosperous you will need some colonists with specific skills and some general laborers. Who will you recruit to bring along on your adventure? Occupation # Why they are needed Type of Laborer # Why they are needed Do you have 120 colonists? Add or subtract above to bring your total to 120. EXAMPLESGovernmental Occupations These are the people who run things. They keep society moving smoothly, if they re good at what they do, and can bring society to a crunching halt, if they re not.. * bailiff - the man who makes arrests and executions * chancellor - a secretary to a noble or royal * constable - the warden of a town or castle * diplomat - the person who negotiates with foreign nations * exchequer - the man responsible for the king s revenue * jailer - the man responsible for a jail: he keeps the criminals from getting out * judge - a man who is responsible for deciding questions brought to court Military Occupations Who keeps the country safe from encroaching enemies? Why, the military, of course. These brave men train against the possibility that they ll have to protect their country with their lives. * archer - one who shoots arrows 12

7 * camp follower - people following an army, making money off of the soldiers * pioneer - an early term for military engineer * pursuivant - officer of arms * sapper - specialist in field fortifications Religious Occupations * abbess - superior of a convent * abbot - superior of a monastery * beadle - church official - ushers preserves order at sermons * cantor - a choir leader in churches, the man who sings hymns and leads the congregation in prayer in a synagogue * curate - priest in charge of a church * pardoner - seller of indulgences * reeve - church warden * sacristian - a person in charge of the relics and religious items of a church * sexton - minor church officer - rings bells, digs graves Merchants In a society based on trade - either with hard currency or barter, there are always those who spend their lives in the pursuit of selling things to others. * alewife - a female alehouse keeper * apothecary - a preparer and merchant for drugs and medicines * banker works with money * chapman - travelling merchant * costermonger - fruit seller * fishmonger fish seller * fruitier fruit seller * harberdasher - seller of men s clothing * ironmonger - one who sells things made of iron * poulter - seller of poultry * spicer - grocer or dealer in spices * taverner - innkeeper Artists/Entertainers In any society, there is the need for spare time. And what did people do before television? Well, they mostly sang songs, told stories, and danced. From this, some professional entertainers developed. * barker - one who advertises at the entrance to a show * fiddler - this is an unfair translation, geiger is applied to any player of bowed and stringed instruments * limner - illuminator of books * lutenist - a lute player * mummer - actor, specifically the predecessors to mimes * painter - portraits and landscapesfarming and Workers with Flora and Fauna Ah -- the farmers. Without them, we d starve. Wresting sustenence from the very earth itself. There s a large number of occupations associated with farming: you need people to watch the animals, work the fields. Also included are hunters and gatherers: those who travel into nature and grab things to eat, as well as all those who work with animals. 13

8 * shoemaker - one who makes and repairs shoes * furrier - one who makes and repairs goods made of furs - esp. clothes * tailor - one who makes and repairs clothing * jeweler - maker of jewelry * pastrycook - baker specializing in pastries * mason - bricklayer * 95 - carpenter - one who constructs things from wood * 86 - weaver - weaver of cloth * 71 - chandler - one who makes candles * 70 - cooper - one who makes and repairs barrels and tubs * 62 - baker - one who makes bread and other baked goods * 58 - scabbard maker - maker of scabbards * 54 - hatmaker - maker of hats * 51 - saddler - maker of saddles * 51 - chicken butcher - butcher of chickens * 45 - purse maker - maker of purses * 42 - meat butcher - butcher of all sorts of meats, esp beef * 36 - buckle maker - maker of buckles * 34 - blacksmith - one who works with iron to form metal implements: esp farm tools. * 28 - roofer - one who makes and repairs roofs * 27 - locksmith - one who makes and repairs locks * 26 - ropemaker - maker of rope * 24 - tanner - preparer of leater * 24 - rugmaker - maker of rugs * 24 - harness maker - maker of harnesses * 22 - cutler - one who makes and repairs cutlery * 21 - glover - a glovemaker Less common craftsmen * architect - dictionary - a designer of buildings and other constructions * basketmaker - dictionary * brewer - dictionary * bricker - brick baker, not mason *blacksmith- iron worker * builder built buildings * cheesemaker makes cheese * clothier makes clothes * cobbler makes shoes * compasssmith makes compasses * glassblower makes glassware * gravedigger digs graves * grinder - knife sharpener * gunsmith build and repair guns * horner - craftsman who works in horn -- spoons, combs, musical instruments * joiner - skilled carpenter * saltboiler- made salt from sea water * mapmaker- cartogropher * surgeon- preformed surgery * midwife- delivered babies * nurse- cared for sick people * dentist- tooth care 14

9 There s also a good overview of horse history in Europe. * falconer - breeds, trains, hunts with falcons * farmer raises livestock or crops * fisherman catches fish * forester - game warden or forest ranger * fowler - one who hunts for wildfowl * goatherd - one who looks after a herd of goats * hawker - breeds, trains, hunts with hawks * hayward - a tender of hedges * ostler - dictionary - cares for horses * oyster raker - worker on an oyster fishing boat * parker - caretaker of a park * plowman plows fields * rat catcher catches rats * sheepshearer sheers sheep * shepherd - one who looks after a herd of sheep * swineherd - one who looks after a herd of swine * trapper traps animals * woolman- sorts wool into differing grades Scholars * alchemist - a medieval chemist * scrivener - scribe * teacher- teaches Sailors The lure of the sea, the crash of the waves: a boat-filled life was the norm for a great many people. Some sailed on rivers, some on the ocean. Exciting and dangerous trade missions with far-off empires, exploring strange new places, and usually coming back home to tell exciting stories in the local tavern. * canaller - canal boat worker * hobbler - boat tower on a river or canal * lighter man - dictionary - worker on a flat-bottomed boat * mariner ocean sailor * shipchandler - ship provisioner * waterman - riverboat sailor Regular Folks * almoner - a distributer of money and food to the poor * crofter - tenant of a small piece of land * palmer - one who had been, or pretended to have been, to the Holy Land Craftsmen Most of the occupations on this list are craftsmen and service occupations. The list of common occupations was derived from the tax list for Paris in 1292, from the book Life in a Medieval City, by Francis and Joseph Gies. The number indicates how many there in the city. Common Craftsmen - sorted by frequency 15

10 The Process To more efficiently carry out these tasks, your teacher may organize your class into three smaller groups: Political, Economic, and Social. After doing your research separately, work within your groups to design your part of the presentation for the King. Your presentation could be written, oral, multimedia, video, or any combination of these, with the approval of the Royal Inspector. Reform as a whole class to design your model of the colony. Political This group is assigned the task of deciding how the colony shall be governed. His Majesty is most anxious that the administration of the settlement be fair and efficient. Although you may wish to have a single individual who is ultimately responsible to the Crown for the overall running of the colony, order and efficiency cannot depend upon one person. Assignment of various important functions shall need to be made. Consider the following needs of the colony: * The location and layout of the settlement. Proximity to water for drinking, irrigation, and navigation. * Protection of the inhabitants from attack by hostile savages. But, you also have to oversee friendly trade with the natives to insure their proper treatment. We want the Indians to help us and not to be our enemies. What will you do to make that happen? * A way of making local laws. How will the laws be enforced? By whom? * The King is very anxious to keep track of the progress of the colony. Who will do this, how often, and how do you intend to report this to His Majesty? Economic It is most important that the colonists survive and prosper. To that end, each person must have something to employ their time to the best advantage of himself and the colony. Not every person can or should be engaged in growing food nor in any one thing. There must be a balance among all the work so that every person is dependent on the others to live. You must decide the following: * What will be the main business purpose of the colony? Will it be agriculture, hunting for pelts, mining for minerals, or something else? * What essential things do the colonists need to bring from England for building, surviving until the colony can support itself, protection, and trade? * What important jobs must be done? How many people doing each job? Who will supervise the work? What should be the times for work? * How will things be paid for (currency or barter )? * There is a new idea of using slaves to do work. Should we have slavery in this colony? Social People in the colony will be living from day to day. How well they live will be determined by your group. Yours is possibly the hardest job since your decisions will affect every colonist personally. If you are wrong, it could cost some lives. Perhaps the best way to approach your job is to follow a typical colonist through a day from the time they get up until they go to sleep. For example: * What will their houses look like (inside and outside)? * What shall people be able to do for recreation? * What rules should be made concerning schooling, dating, marriage, and religion? These are some of the questions. You and your group need to ask the rest of the questions, make them as detailed as possible, and then come up with the answers. Bear in mind that if you forget something, it could take a year or more before the things that you ve forgotten can be supplied. 16

11 Evaluation How do I know when I am done? 1. Do you have a clear presentation that contains original information that you wrote in your own words? 2. Are you ready to give your presentation to the Royal Inspector and the Royal Commission? 3. Have you helped make the model of the settlement making sure that your part is as accurate as possible? If you can answer yes to these three things, then you are done. Conclusion There were three parts to this project: Political, Social, and Economic. Why do societies need a balance of all three to function? Describe what a society would be like if the political needs outweighed the social and economic needs. Describe a society where social or economic needs have outweighed the others. Reflection How did you contribute to the presentation that your group put together? How did your group decide what information they needed to contribute to the model-building? 17

13 Colonies Simulation BY. Team 2

13 Colonies Simulation BY. Team 2 13 Colonies Simulation BY Team 2 Imagine that you live in England in the year 1607. It is an exciting time for you. Your country has emerged as a world leader; your navy dominates the ocean; you have a