Envent Engineering Ltd. Gas Chromatographs Model 131 & 132

Transcription

1 Envent Engineering Ltd. Gas Chromatographs Model 131 & 132 User's Manual Revision 6.1 Nov 2018

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3 Table of Content INTRODUCTION... 1 Contacting Envent Engineering Ltd... 1 Canada Office: (Main)... 1 USA Office:... 1 China Office:... 1 Warranty & Liability Statements... 1 Limitation of Warranty... 2 Disclaimer... 2 Key Symbols... 3 Warnings & Cautions... 4 Analyzer Specifications... 6 HARDWARE DESIGN... 7 Overview... 7 Electronics Design... 8 GC Over Design... 9 GC Module Replacement INSTALLATION & START-UP Sample Point Selection First Stage Pressure Reduction and JT Cooling Effect Sample Volume and Flow Rate Pressure Balancing Procedure Sample Lag Time vs. Tubing Size Sample Conditioning System (SCS) Sample & Measurement Vent Dual Stage Carrier Gas Set-up Procedure Carrier Gas Leak Testing Procedure Installation & Start-up Procedure CUSTOMER CONNECTIONS Serial Communication Relay Outputs & Solenoid Drivers Valve Expander Option Analog Outputs Powered 4-20 ma Option Ethernet Board Option LCD Keypad Display INTEGRATED CONFIGURATION ENVIRONMENT (ICE) Minimum Requirements Introduction... 29

4 ICE Layout Title Bar Menu Bar Selection Work Pad Connecting to Gas Chromatograph Set Date/Time in Analyzer Device Files (*.device) Create a New Device File Open an Existing Device File Upload a Device File from the GC Save a Device File Close a Device File Import a Device File Write a Device File to the GC Chart Files (*.chart) Create a new Chart File/Open an Existing Chart File Save a Chart File Open a Comparative Chart File Close a Chart File Close a Comparative Chart File Device Programmer (*.hex) GC Configuration System Events Add Event Modify Event Delete Event Pivot Table Physical Properties Calculations Setup Physical Property Calculations Streams Stream Setup Setup Manual Calibration Setup Auto Calibration Analog Inputs Analog Outputs Setup Analog Outputs Discrete Inputs Discrete Outputs... 52

5 Setup Oven Temperature PID Parameters Alarms Add alarms Delete Alarm Display Add Display Item Delete Display Item Modbus Communications Setup Modbus Archives Setup Archive Statistics Add Statistic Delete Statistic Calibration Tables Component Table Analysis Time Timed Events GC Reports Analysis Reports Raw Data Reports Calibration Reports GC Operations Control Panel Enable/Disable Polling GC Oven Temperature Control GC Board Temperature Stream Queue Run Stream Sequence Reset Stream Sequence Halt Analysis Abort Analysis Abort Current Stream Clear Latches Run Analysis Manually Select Stream Run Stream as Reference Stream Discrete Input/Output Status Analyzer Diagnostics... 78

6 CALIBRATION Calibration Procedure Validating the Calibration TROUBLESHOOTING & MAINTENANCE Troubleshooting Maintenance Sample Conditioning System Cleaning Procedure Material List Procedure APPENDIX A: RECOMMENDED SPARE PARTS LIST APPENDIX B: CHICO A SEALING COMPOUND Risk Assessment - Safety Information List of Figures Figure 1. Main CPU Board Located in Electronics Enclosure... 9 Figure 2. GC Oven Layout Figure 3. Single Valve 2 Column Over Flow Diagram Figure 4. Dual Valve 3 Column Oven Flow Diagram Figure 5. Field Replaceable GC Module Figure 6. GC Class 1 Div 2-3 Stream SCS Figure 7. Controller Board Layout & Power Input Figure RS-232 Communication Connections Figure DIN Receptacle Communication Connections Figure 10. Relay Outputs and Solenoid Drivers Figure 11. Valve Expander Option Figure 12. Valve Expander Wiring Figure 13. (4-20 ma) Output Wiring Options Figure 14. Powered 4-20 ma Option Figure 15. Ethernet Board Option Figure 16. Ethernet Board Wiring Figure Standard Operator Interface (Similar to 132) Figure 18. ICE Software Layout Figure 19. Stream 1 Analysis Report Example Figure 20. Stream 1 Analysis Report Summary Example Figure 21. Stream 1 Raw Data Report Example Figure 22. Calibration Report (Summary & Run 3 of 3) Example Figure 23. Calibration Report Continued (Run 1&2 of 3) Example... 73

7 List of Tables Table & 132 GC Analyzer Specifications... 6 Table 2. Sample Lag Time vs Tubing Size Table 3. Customer Connection Summary Table 4. Analyzer Display-button Functions Table 5. Hydrogen Sulfide Properties Table 6. Hydrogen Sulfide Quantities & Health Effects Table 7. Risk Assessment... 94

8 INTRODUCTION Envent Engineering s Gas Chromatographs are versatile and reliable online natural gas analyzers. They are robustly designed by engineers and experienced field technicians to operate reliably in remote production areas with dirty samples, unreliable power, no instrument air and limited maintenance. This manual contains a comprehensive overview of Envent Engineering s Gas Chromatographs and step-by-step instructions on: Installation & Start-up Customer Connections Integrated Configuration Environment (ICE) Maintenance & Troubleshooting This manual should be read and referenced by the person who will install, operate, or have contact with the Models 131/132 Gas Chromatographs. Take time to familiarize yourself with the content of this Operator s Manual, reading each section carefully so you can quickly and easily install and operate the analyzer. The manual includes images, tables, and charts that provide a visual understanding of the analyzer and its functions. Take note of all the caution symbols and notes, as they will alert you of potential hazards and important information. Contacting Envent Engineering Ltd This manual covers most of the important information the user is going to need to install, operate and maintain the 131/132 GC Analyzers. If more information is required, you can contact us at: Canada Office: (Main) Toll Free: 1 (877) Tel: (403) Fax: (403) info@envent-eng.com Hours of operation: Monday to Friday From 8:00 am to 4:30 pm (Mountain Time Zone). Offices closed on statutory holidays. USA Office: Tel: 1 (713) China Office: Tel: (86) For further information on our products and most updated manuals/product catalog please visit: Warranty & Liability Statements Products manufactured and supplied by Envent Engineering Ltd unless otherwise stated are warranted against defects in materials and workmanship for up to 18 months from the date of shipment or 12 months from date of start-up, whichever occurs first. During the warranty Page 1

9 period the manufacturer will, as its option, either repair or replace products, which prove to be defective. The manufacturer or its representative can provide warranty service at the buyer's facility only upon prior agreement. In all cases the buyer has the option of returning the product for warranty service to a facility designated by the manufacturer or its representatives. The buyer shall prepay shipping charges for products returned to a service facility, and the manufacturer or its representatives shall pay for return of the products to the buyer. The buyer may also be required to pay round-trip travel expenses and labour charges at prevailing labour rates if warranty is disqualified for reasons listed below. Limitation of Warranty The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects arising from: Improper or inadequate maintenance by the user; Improper or inadequate unpacking or site preparation/installation; Unauthorized modification or misuse; Operation of the product in unfavorable environments, especially high temperature and/or high humidity; Corrosive or other damaging atmospheres or otherwise outside published specifications of analyzer. Envent Engineering Ltd carries no responsibility for damage cause by transportation or unpacking, unless otherwise specified in the incoterms. Extended warranty may be available with certified start-up. Contact Envent Engineering Ltd for details. Envent Engineering Ltd reserves the right to change the product design and specifications at any time without prior notice. Disclaimer No other warranty is expressed or implied. The manufacturer specially disclaims the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness for a particular purpose. The sole remedy of the buyer shall in no case exceed the purchase price of the analyzer. The manufacturer shall not be liable for personal injury or property damage suffered in servicing the product. The product should not be modified or repaired in a manner at variance with procedures established by the manufacturer. Page 2

10 Key Symbols The following symbols are used throughout this manual. They are intended to draw attention to important information. This symbol indicates where applicable warning, caution or other information is to be found. This HOT symbol warns the user of a hot surface and potential injury if touched. Description of useful information to help understand a concept. Danger High Voltage Protective ground (earth) Terminal Page 3

11 Warnings & Cautions This section covers all warnings and cautions for the 131 and 132 GC analyzers. Please read and understand all statements as they are for your own safety when installing, operating and maintaining the analyzer(s). Some of these statements are also noted throughout the manual when relevant. Model 131: Substitution of components may impair intrinsic safety and suitability for Class I, Division 1. Model 132: Substitution of components may impair suitability for Class I, Division 2. Sample should not exceed 25 psig in sample system. Damage to sample system may result. Seals not poured. Pour seals before energizing the circuit. (See APPENDIX B). Disassembly of the pressure regulator and solenoids in the field is not advised. Consult Envent Engineering if the regulator or solenoid appears contaminated. Before resuming line pressure make sure that all port connections, sample sweep, and sample system are securely installed. All connections must be leaktight to ensure the effectiveness of the analyzer as well as safety. The user is solely responsible for the product selection, safety and warning requirements for the application. If the equipment is used in a manner not specified by Envent Engineering Ltd, the protection provided by the equipment may be impaired. Do not use solvents, brake cleaners, soaps, detergents or rubbing alcohol to clean up analyzer or sample system. Ensure that the analyzer received is suitable for the electrical classification of the installation site: The 131 Model is designed for Class I, Division 1 Groups CD ( or BDC) The 132 Model is designed for Class I, Division 2 Groups BCD The analyzer should be mounted in an area in which it is not exposed to vibration, excessive pressure, temperature and/or environmental variations. Do not disconnect equipment unless power has been switched off or area is known to be nonhazardous. Page 4

12 Turn off power before servicing. Ensure breakers are off before connecting or disconnecting power supply. Electrostatic Hazard Backpan must be cleaned only with a damp cloth to prevent static charging hazard. Hydrogen Sulfide and/or other hazardous gases may be present under normal operation proper precaution and protective equipment is advised. This unit requires a disconnect device rated 24 VDC and 5 Amax, must be protected by a circuit breaker rated 24 VDC and 5 Amax, and is to be installed in accordance with local electrical codes. This unit requires a disconnect device rated 240 VAC and 5 Amax, must be protected by a circuit breaker rated 240 VAC and 5 Amax, and is to be installed in accordance with local electrical codes. Use Supply wires suitable for 60 C (140 F) above surrounding ambient temperature. The analyzers input voltage range shown in Certification Nameplate (e.g., VAC) is limited when installing external devices (e.g., Solenoids). Incorrect configuration of the analyzer may cause incorrect operation. Injury and/or damage to facilities may occur. Check analyzer's functionality after configuration changes have been made. 131 Model: The glass window on the XP enclosure must remain installed in order to maintain area classification. The 131 Model GC analyzer weights approximately 100 lb and the 131 Model GC analyzer weights approximately 55 lb (30 lb added with sample conditioning system). Unpacking and transporting requires a minimum of two persons. Oven temperature can exceed 100 C. Caution should be taken when touching the inside surfaces of the GC Oven. Page 5

13 Analyzer Specifications Power Analyzer Specification VAC 50/60 Hz (40 Watts running, 50 Watts Start-up) VDC (40 Watts running, 50 Watts Start-up) Fuse Rating: 5 Amps, 250V, Slow blow, Size: 0.201'' Dia x 0.787'', Package/Case: 5 mm x 20 mm Battery (for 1d Controller Board only): Lithium 3.6V, Dia 0.571'' & 0.992'' Long Environment 0 60 C (32 to 130 F) Dimensions Model 131: 95.3 cm H x 53.4 cm W x 25.4 cm D (37.5 H x 21 W x 10 D) Model 132: 81.3 cm H x 48.3 cm W x 19 cm D (32 H x 19 W x 7.5 D) Electrical Certification Model 131: Class I, Div. 1, Groups C,D (Or BCD) Model 132: Class I, Div. 2, Groups B,C,D Mounting Wall-mount (Standard); Free-standing (Optional) Weight Model 131: 30 kg (65 lbs.) Model 132: 18 kg (40 lbs.) Oven Airless heat sink, maximum 100 C (212 F) ± 0.1 C Display Graphic Liquid Crystal Display; menu is scrolled by internal button or magnetic wand (131 Model) Valves 6-port and 10-port diaphragm valves Carrier Gas Detector Gating Options Streams Electronics Analog Inputs Analog Outputs Communications Typically UHP helium 7 to 20 cc/min at 50 to 150 psig Months operation in C6+ BTU applications 2 Column App. 6-8 Months operation in C6+ BTU applications 3 Column App. Thermal Conductivity Detector (TCD) Fixed-time, auto-slope detection with automatic gating of peaks on calibration or analysis Up to 8 streams (including calibration stream) Envent designed ARM7 CPU based analyzer platform Two sensor inputs filtered with transient protection Dual isolated 4-20 ma (2 wire standard, loop powered) RS-232, RS- 485, TCP/IP Modbus Enron, Modicon 16, Modicon 32 Table & 132 GC Analyzer Specifications Page 6

14 HARDWARE DESIGN Overview Envent Engineering Ltd. offers its Gas Chromatograph (GC) in two versions based on the area classification required. The two versions are: 1. Model Certified by Intertek for installations in Class I, Division 1, Groups C D (Or BCD), T3 areas The Model 131 utilizes a combination of Explosion Proof (XP) enclosure and Intrinsically Safe (IS) Barriers to maintain its classification. 2. Model Certified by Intertek for installations in Class I, Division 2, Groups B,C, & D, T3 areas The Model 132 electronics enclosure contains non-incentive electronics necessary for its classification. This eliminates the need for an Explosion Proof (XP) enclosure and Intrinsically Safe (IS) Barriers. The Envent Online Gas Chromatographs consists of three main parts: 1. The Electronics and Software Interface Electronic design is based on the CPU board with all CPU functions, signal processing power supplies and field terminations on one board. This minimizes hardware failures and troubleshooting with ribbon cables and plug-in boards. An additional keypad/display board and detector pre-amp board complete the electronics platform. The GC is a stand-alone analyzer pre-configured to specific applications and factory tested prior to shipment. The only additional equipment needed is a laptop to run the companion software. Integrated Configuration Environment (ICE) software is used to operate the GC with advanced diagnostics. Device files (GC application) and chart files (Chromatogram diagnostics) operate within the ICE. 2. The GC Oven The GC Oven design allows for full access to GC measurement components like TCD valves and columns, which allows the user to perform even the most complex tasks (complete reapplication of GC, including column and valve) in a short period of time without area declassification. This GC design is ideal for the analysis of Natural Gas, light hydrocarbon or light permanent gases. The GC oven design incorporates the use of a heat sink, as well as robust micro-packed columns that operate together with 6 or 10 port diaphragm valves for sample injection, back flush or dual column operations. The Iso-thermal oven is programmable to operate between 50 C 100 C with digital electronic temperature indication and control. 3. The Sample Conditioning System (SCS) Page 7

15 It transports a representative sample to the GC Oven by reducing pressure, controlling flow, providing clean and dry samples on multiple streams while preserving the composition of the gas. Electronics Design The electronics enclosure consists of the following components: 1. Main CPU board 2. Preamp (Sensor) Board 3. Display Board 4. Intrinsically Safe (IS) Barriers (Model 131) 5. Valve Expander Board (Optional - available upon request) 6. Powered AO Board (Optional - available upon request) 7. Ethernet Board (Optional - available upon request) The Envent designed ARM7 CPU based analyzer platform contains the following functional components: Power Supply (110 VAC or 24 VDC) 24 bit A/D dedicated to TCD 16 bit A/D dedicated to GC Oven PID 32 bit CPU 4 Digital Inputs Oven Driver Non-volatile flash data storage Non-volatile FRAM 4 Relay Outputs 4 Solenoid Drivers for valve actuation 4 Serial Ports (3) RS 485 (1) RS Isolated 4-20 ma Outputs Page 8

16 Figure 1. Main CPU Board Located in Electronics Enclosure GC Over Design The Envent Gas Chromatograph (GC) uses an electrically heated airless heat sink, with all valves, columns and detectors mounted in an insulated oven and temperature controlled at 50 C to 100 C (122 F to 212 F) ± 0.05 C. There is no requirement for instrument air to purge the GC oven or electronics. The design supports iso-thermal oven control for GC analysis of light hydrocarbons and/or permanent gases. The oven contains the following components: GC valves (6 port or 10 port) 1/16 micro-packed or capillary columns TCD based detectors (measurement & reference) Airless heat-sink design Digital temperature indication and proportional integral derivative (PID) control GC module for easy field retrofit (valve column assembly) Page 9

17 Figure 2. GC Oven Layout Page 10

18 Figure 3. Single Valve 2 Column Over Flow Diagram Figure 4. Dual Valve 3 Column Oven Flow Diagram Page 11

19 GC Module Replacement The Field Replaceable GC Module can be replaced with 2 screws and 4 tubing connections and a quick connect as shown in Figure 2. The procedure for Module replacement is as follows: Step 1. Log onto GC with ICE (see Connecting to Gas Chromatograph on page 31). Step 2. Save the last device file (See Upload a Device File from the GC on page 33 to hard drive. Step 3. Halt Analysis (see Analysis Reports (Abort Analysis) on page 67). Step 4. Turn off sample gas a. Allow 5 minutes for all pressures to bleed down to atmospheric pressure b. Do not adjust pressure regulators Step 5. Turn off Carrier gas at bottle and main inlet to SCS panel a. Do not adjust pressure regulators Step 6. Open GC Oven and remove GC Module a. Undo the 4 tube connections and the quick connect b. Remove the 2 screws from the GC module c. Remove GC module from GC oven CAUTION: Oven temperature can exceed 100 C. Caution should be taken when touching the inside surfaces of the GC Oven. Step 7. Install the new GC module a. Using the same screws, fasten the Module to the back plate b. Reconnect tubing connections. Refer to Figure 3 for single valve applications or Figure 4 for dual valve applications. Step 8. Perform leak check procedure (see Carrier Gas Leak Testing Procedure on page 18). Step 9. Turn on Carrier gas bottle and main inlet to SCS panel Step 10. Turn on sample gas Step 11. Run the Calibration gas as an unknown through the GC for start up a. Navigate to the Control Screen (MENU/Operations/Control) in ICE and select the checkbox for the calibration gas stream. This will analyze the calibration gas without performing the calibration functions (updating RF & RT values for each component) Step 12. Navigate to Analyzer Diagnostics (Operations/Analyzer Diagnostics) and open a new chart file (as described in Create a new Chart File/Open an Existing Chart File on page 36) Step 13. Gate all peak Retention Time values in the Calibration Table a. Continue to analyze calibration gas as an unknown while observing the chromatograms displayed in the diagnostics menu b. Note the time at the top of each peak - This is referred to as the Retention Time (RT) c. Write down all RT values for each component and compare them to the RT values in the factory calibration sheets provided. If the values have all increased or decreased the user can either: Edit the component table with the correct values Adjust carrier pressure slightly to line up values and edit from that point Page 12

20 If the values are randomly above or below the values in the factory calibration data then the user must configure the component data to match the values on the Chromatogram without changing the carrier gas pressure Step 14. Once all RT values are correct and the chromatogram compares favorably with the factory original, the user can calibrate to the calibration stream Step 15. Use the GC operations calibration section to MANUALLY calibrate the GC (See Calibration on page 80) Step 16. Compare final calibration results to factory calibration and ensure that all RF and RT values are within the Deviation limits and that the calibration was noted as successful in the final calibration report Pass/Fail. Step 17. Repeat Step for each Calibration Table Step 18. Note the chromatogram, raw data and analysis reports for each stream for approximately 2 hours a. It may be advisable to enter the calibration gas into the stream sequencing as a check on stream to stream purge efficiency b. Each stream should be completely purged from the sample loop prior to injection and subsequent analysis of the next stream in sequence Step 19. Save all device files and chart files to an appropriate location on the hard drive in addition to factory calibration data for future reference Figure 5. Field Replaceable GC Module Page 13

21 INSTALLATION & START-UP The 131/132 GC is configured, functionally tested and calibrated at the factory. All test and calibration data is documented in the Factory Calibration Report. CAUTION: The analyzer should be mounted in an enclosed area in which it is not exposed to vibration and excessive pressure, temperature and environmental variations. Ensure that the housing received is suitable for area classification. The 131 is designed for Class I Division 1 Groups BC&D The 132 is designed for Class I Division 2 Groups BC&D The analyzer will be shipped for wall mount or unistrut floor mount (for additional options consult the factory). Note: 3/8 x 1 bolts are recommended for installation. Note: Wall mount brackets need to be installed to allow for carrier gas and calibration gas to be mounted beside or near to the GC. CAUTION: Excessive temperature and environmental variations may affect the integrity of the calibration gas. Should heavier components condense into the liquid phase, the composition of the bottles could change. Sample Point Selection The sample to the analyzer must be representative of the process stream and should be taken from a point as close as possible to the analyzer to avoid lag times and sample degradation in the tubing. Sample transport, including sample probe assembly, is generally the responsibility of the end user. A ¾ weld-let is required for installation. The probe must be installed vertically on a horizontal section of pipe ensuring that the sample is drawn from between the middle and the top third of the pipeline. An optional Genie GPR probe regulator may be included. The function of this probe is to ensure a clean dry sample to the analyzer and to reduce the pressure of the sample. The lower pressure will improve the response time of the analyzer. For installation instructions, refer to associated documents. Do not install the Genie probe regulator on a vertical pipe. First Stage Pressure Reduction and JT Cooling Effect Ideally, first stage pressure regulation is done at the sample point with careful consideration given to the Joule Thompson Cooling Effect (JT Effect). The JT effect is loosely defined as the cooling effect on gases as a result of pressure reduction. A general rule of thumb to determine JT effect estimates a 7 F cooling effect for every 100 psig of pressure reduction. JT = Pressure Reduction/100 x 7 F Page 14

22 Example: Joules Thompson Effect Line Conditions o Pressure = 510 psig o Gas Temp= 70 F o Ambient Temp= 50 F Calculate Joules Thompson Cooling Effect: If the first stage pressure reduction takes line pressure of 510 psig to 10 psig the cooling effect from first stage pressure reduction is: (510-10)/100 x 7 = 35 F So the gas is cooled by 35 F as a result of Joules Thompson Effect. Calculate the Gas Temp: If the initial Gas Temp is 70 F and the Joules Thompson Cooling Effect is 35 F then: 70 F - 35 F = 35 F So the Gas Temp travelling in the sample transport line to the analyzer Sample Conditioning System is 35 F after first stage pressure reduction. There may be some recovery or further temperature reductions as a result of ambient temperature effects on the sample transport tubing and internal gas temperature, but the potential for 2 phases (C6+ condensation) is greatest at the coldest point. It is critical to preserve the composition of the gas, so it is important to consider the detrimental effects that the Joules-Thompson effect may have on the sample. The sample temperature must be maintained above the hydrocarbon dew point to prevent high BTU components to drop out (liquefy) prior to analysis causing large errors in measurement. The hydrocarbon dew point is the temperature (at a given pressure) at which the hydrocarbon components of any hydrocarbon-rich gas mixture, such as natural gas, will start to condense out of the vapor phase. It is a function of the gas composition as well as the pressure. The hydrocarbon dew point is universally used in the natural gas industry as an important quality parameter, stipulated in contractual specifications and enforced throughout the natural gas supply chain, from producers through processing, transmission and distribution companies to final end users. The hydrocarbon dew point of a gas is a different concept from the water dew point, the latter being the temperature (at a given pressure) at which water vapor present in a gas mixture will condense out of the gas. Since the heavier components (C6+) are the highest contributors to physical property calculations, such as heating value (BTU, Giga Joules or Kilo Calories), care must be taken to ensure they are maintained in the vapor phase from the sample point to the GC oven and sample loop where they are injected for analysis (heated vaporizing regulator, heat traced sample transport line, etc ). Lean gas (less than 1020 BTU) typically has less than 300 ppm C6+ and can usually maintain ALL components in the vapor phase at 10 psig and 0 F ambient temperature. Rich gas (> 1050 BTU) will have higher concentrations of the heavier components like C6+ and C5 s as well. In this case, the heavier components will drop out and the final measurement will reflect lower concentrations of these high BTU contributors. The GC has the capability of measuring to within 1 BTU repeatability but the sample transport system and the sample conditioning system must work together to ensure that a representative sample is delivered from line conditions to the GC by maintaining a single vapor phase sample. There cannot be two phase sample at any point in the sample transport line or sample conditioning system. Page 15

23 Sample Volume and Flow Rate Sample should be supplied to the GC sample conditioning system (SCS) at psig for each stream. For lean gas (BTU of 1050 or less and relative density of 0.6 or less), with pressure drops from line conditions of 500 psig or less and ambient temperature of 32 F (0 C), this pressure can be reduced in one cut at the sample point-- ideally with psig at the input of the conditioning system panel (SCS) with a second and final pressure regulator. The sample should be supplied to the GC at psig and at a flow between cc/min. A bypass sweep is recommended to reduce sample lag time in the sample line if it is at high pressure or it is longer than 15 feet. The standard sample tubing material is 1/4 316 stainless steel; how- ever, 1/8 stainless steel tubing can be used if the response time is critical. Carbon steel sample line and/or fittings are not acceptable. It is critical that each stream including the calibration streams be pressure balanced to ensure the volume of sample injected for the analysis remains constant. Pressure Balancing Procedure The procedure to pressure balance each stream is as follows: 1. Set pressure regulator for stream 1 at psig a. Note the sample flow rate as indicated on the common sample rotameter. CAUTION: Do not exceed 25 psig in sample system. Damage to sample system may result. 2. Switch in stream 2 and set pressure so that the sample flow rate remains constant 3. Repeat the process for each stream (including calibration streams) 4. A flow of cc/min is ideal (2-5 on the rotameter) 5. A minimum bypass sweep is recommended to reduce sample lag time and to purge liquids from the coalescing filter housing Sample Lag Time vs. Tubing Size Tube Size ( ) Tube Gauge ID ( ) ID (cm) Flow (SCFH) Flow Std. (cc/min) Pressure (PSIA) Lag Time per 100 (min) Lag Time per 100 (sec) 3/ / / / / / / / / Table 2. Sample Lag Time vs Tubing Size Page 16

24 Sample Conditioning System (SCS) The purpose of the SCS is to receive the sample from the sample transport system after first stage pressure regulation and to perform the following functions: 1. Isolation from line conditions and the sample transport system a. Block valves on each stream 2. Provide clean and dry samples a. Sample filtration and sample bypass 3. Control Pressure a. Second stage sample pressure regulation b. Third stage carrier pressure regulation 4. Preserve the composition of the gas a. Heat traced sample transport or integral heated SCS to prevent heavier components from liquefying 5. Stream selection (in multi-stream applications) 6. Sample flow control and indication a. Sample rotameter mounted after all stream switching Figure 6. GC Class 1 Div 2-3 Stream SCS Page 17

25 Sample & Measurement Vent There are two sample vents from the analyzer: Sample vent- the sample loop purge. o The flow rate is determined by the sample flow rotameter and needle valve on the SCS o The sample flow rate is not critical but typical sample flow rates are cc/min o This vent can go to atmosphere or to a common flare header (with a check valve if going to flare) depending on regulatory environmental requirements o Backpressure on this vent has a minimal effect on the GC Carrier(Measurement) Vent o This vent is primarily Ultra-Pure Helium (UHP) and needs to vent to atmosphere as it cannot tolerate backpressure without effecting GC performance Dual Stage Carrier Gas Set-up Procedure 1. Connect the dual stage carrier gas regulator to the carrier gas bottle using a CGA 510 fitting. 2. Tube the output from the carrier regulators to the third stage carrier regulator on the GC Sample Conditioning System (SCS) a. The third stage regulator will be factory set psig. 3. Perform the Carrier Gas Leak Testing Procedure (See Carrier Gas Leak Testing Procedure on page 18) Carrier Gas Leak Testing Procedure The primary purpose of leak testing is to ensure the carrier gas is not leaking to atmosphere. Prior to starting up the GC a complete leak check is required. Leak check procedure is as follows: 1. Install a 1/4 plug onto the measurement vent to stop carrier gas flow 2. Turn the carrier supply off at the carrier gas bottle valve 3. Note the pressure on the first stage carrier bottle regulator This indicates the pressure in the carrier bottle as the inlet pressure to the dual stage regulator 4. Note time for high pressure to deplete If no leaks are present, the High Pressure side of the carrier regulator should hold pressure for 60 minutes with less than a 5 psig pressure loss If leaks are present, open carrier bottle valve and snoop all fittings from the bottle, to the inlet, to the GC oven and carrier pressure switch (if applicable) o Tighten all fittings that indicate a leak from snoop leak test 5. Repeat step 2-4 until no leaks are present. Page 18

26 6. Leak check inside GC Oven Use leak detector to test each fitting and very carefully tighten any leaks indicated CAUTION: Do not use snoop inside GC Oven. Damage to columns, valve and detector may result. 7. Remove the measurement vent plug and turn carrier bottle on. Installation & Start-up Procedure 1. Unpack the analyzer and check for damage 2. Ensure that the analyzer power supply and range are suitable for the application 3. Check that the hazardous location rating is suitable for the installation location 4. Select an installation location that is close to the sample point.. Ensure that the selected installation site provides adequate room for maintenance and repair 5. Bolt the analyzer to the wall or secure unistrut to a solid surface. Note: 3/8 x 1 bolts are recommended for installation. 6. Wire power, analog outputs, discrete inputs & outputs and communications to the GC (see Customer Connections on page 20) CAUTION: Turn off power before servicing. Ensure breakers are off before connecting or disconnecting supply power. CAUTION: 131 Seals Not Poured. Pour seals before energizing the circuit (See APPENDIX B) 7. Check to ensure all bottles are securely fastened to wall mount brackets and regulators are installed on each bottle a. DUAL STAGE REGULATORS MUST BE INSTALLED ON THE carrier gas, usually Helium b. Single stage regulators can be installed on the calibration gas and process gas streams. 8. Tube the sample inlet(s), calibration inlet(s), sample sweep(s), sample vent and carrier vent lines to the GC 1/4 316 stainless steel tubing is recommended for the sample tubing 1/8 316 stainless steel tubing can also be used if the response time of the analyzer is of particular concern All fittings in the sample and vent lines must be 316 stainless steel The sample vent line should be tubed in 3/8 stainless steel tubing to a maximum of 6 1/2 316 stainless steel tubing should be used for vent lines exceeding 6 The tubing should be installed with a slight downward slope and should be as short as possible The sample vent line can be tubed to atmosphere, low pressure flare or re- turned to process. If returning to process or low pressure flare a 1/3 check valve should be used. The carrier vent line should be tubed to atmospheric pressure. Page 19

27 9. With the sample pressure turned off (sample inlet valve closed) a. Apply power to the GC. The display will illuminate. CAUTION: Before resuming line pressure make sure that all port connections, sample sweep, and sample conditioning system are securely installed. 10. Turn on carrier pressure from bottle a. Perform a Helium Leak Test (as described in Sample Conditioning System (SCS) on page 17) CAUTION: All connections must be LEAKTIGHT to insure carrier gas consumption is kept to a minimum. 11. Turn on carrier pressure from bottle and set GC carrier pressure regulator to the desired pressure as outlined in the Factory Calibration Sheet Provided with the GC. a. Typical values are psig depending on the applications 12. Once the GC oven is at the set point (approximately 1-2 hours), turn on calibration gas and sample gas to all stream inlets a. Pressure balance all streams (as described in Sample Volume and Flow Rate on page 16) 13. Connect serial cable to the GC from Laptop (as described on Relay Outputs & Solenoid Drivers on page 23) 14. Load ICE onto the Laptop (as described on Relay Outputs & Solenoid Drivers on page 23) 15. Log onto the GC and validate communications (as described on Relay Outputs & Solenoid Drivers on page 23) 16. Check the certified component concentrations (not target mixtures) on the calibration bottle and configure the component table under MENU/Configuration/Calibration in ICE a. The values on the calibration bottle must be entered into the GC component table EXACTLY as printed on the calibration bottle in Mole % 17. Run the Calibration gas as an unknown through the GC for start up a. Navigate to the Control Screen (MENU/Operations/Control) and select the check- box for the calibration gas stream. i. This will analyze the calibration gas without performing the calibration functions (updating RF & RT values for each component) 18. Go to MENU/Operations/Diagnostics and open a new chart file 19. Gate all peak Retention Time values in the Calibration Table a. Continue to analyze calibration gas as an unknown while observing the chromatograms displayed in the diagnostics menu b. Note the time at the top of each peak - This is referred to as the Retention Time (RT) c. Write down all RT values for each component and compare them to the RT values in the factory calibration sheet provided. i. If the values have all increased or decreased the user can either: Edit the component table with the correct values Adjust carrier pressure slightly to line up values and edit from that point i. If they are randomly above or below the values in the factory calibration data then the user must configure the component data to match the values on the Chromatogram without changing the carrier gas pressure 20. Once all RT values are correct and the chromatogram compares favorably with the factory original, the user can calibrate to the calibration stream a. Use the GC operations calibration section to MANUALLY calibrate the GC (See Calibration on page 80) 21. Compare final calibration results to factory calibration and ensure that all RF and RT values are within the Deviation limits and that the calibration was noted as successful in the final calibration report 22. Repeat Step for each Calibration Table 23. Edit the stream sequencing as required to ensure the desired stream sequencing is configured into the GC Go to MENU/Configuration/Streams Click the desired Stream Page 20

28 In Associated Events, setup the System Event and Event Options. o System Event Drag and Drop events that will schedule the stream to run o Event Options Edit the Run Count 24. Note the chromatogram, raw data and analysis reports for each stream for approximately 2 hours a. It may be advisable to enter the calibration gas into the stream sequencing as a check on the stream to stream purge efficiency. b. Each stream should be completely purged from the sample loop prior to injection and subsequent analysis of the next stream in sequence. i. To check this stream to stream purge, enter the cal gas into the stream sequence and configure the stream sequence for two consecutive analysis of each stream prior to switching to the next stream in sequence ( i.e. 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4 etc.) ii. With two analysis of each stream, note the repeatability for each analysis on a given stream, pay particular attention to the reported results of N2 and the back flush peak (usually C6+) iii. If all streams are being analyzed correctly with repeatable results the stream sequencing and stream to stream purging is set up correctly iv. If not, then increase the sample rotameter flow rate from 2 to 3 or 4 and repeat the procedure until results are repeatable for each stream 25. Confirm manual calibration using the calibration reports 26. Remove the second analysis and calibration gas from the stream sequencing and con- figure as desired for online operations 27. Save all device files and chart files to an appropriate location on the hard drive in addition to factory calibration data for future reference CUSTOMER CONNECTIONS CAUTION: This unit requires a disconnect device rated 24 VDC and 5 Amax, must be protected by a circuit breaker rated 24 VDC and 5 A max, and is to be installed in accordance with local electrical codes. CAUTION: Turn off power before servicing. Ensure breakers are off before connecting or disconnecting supply power. All customer connections are indicated on the circuit board. Note: F3 fuse is for the GC oven heater Page 21

29 Figure 7. Controller Board Layout & Power Input Application Positive Negative/Neutral Ground AC DC L-H & F-H hot L-H & F-H + L-N & F-N neutral L-N & F-N - FG N/A Table 3. Customer Connection Summary Serial Communication In order to communicate with a 132 analyzer, plug into the RS-232 port located just above the mainboard. Figure RS-232 Communication Connections Page 22

30 In order to communicate with a 131, plug into the DIN receptacle located just behind the window. Figure DIN Receptacle Communication Connections Relay Outputs & Solenoid Drivers Four relays are provided as status outputs, to drive external relays or solenoids. Envent recommends use of the solenoid drivers for external loads. DO NOT supply external power to solenoid drivers. Four solenoid drivers provided to directly drive solenoids for shutdown, auto-calibration or stream switching. Figure 10. Relay Outputs and Solenoid Drivers Page 23

31 Valve Expander Option The GC comes standard with four solenoid drivers. An optional valve expander board is available for some applications. It is a small board connected to the stepper motor terminal on the main processor board. This board offers an addition four solenoid drivers for GC operation. Figure 11. Valve Expander Option Figure 12. Valve Expander Wiring Page 24

32 Analog Outputs Two isolated analog outputs are provided. Both analog outputs are normally set to the full scale range of the analyzer. Loop power (10 to 32 volts) sourced from the end device (PLC) is required for the analog outputs. Figure 13. (4-20 ma) Output Wiring Options Page 25

33 Powered 4-20 ma Option The GC comes standard with 2 wire 4-20 ma output. An optional 4 wired powered 4-20 ma output is sometimes included. It is a small board located just below the analog output terminal on the main processor board. Figure 14. Powered 4-20 ma Option Ethernet Board Option The GC comes standard with three RS485 com. ports and one RS232 com. port. An optional Ethernet board can be included. It is a small board connected to the I2C terminal on the main processor board. Figure 15. Ethernet Board Option Page 26

34 Figure 16. Ethernet Board Wiring LCD Keypad Display CAUTION: The glass window on the model 131 must remain installed in order to ensure area classification is maintained To configure the 131, if the area is non-hazardous, the window can be removed for basic GC operations available from the internal buttons or for complete GC operations available serially through ICE. The 132 is configured in the same manner. Basic GC operations are configured by using the push-buttons as shown below. Page 27

35 Figure Standard Operator Interface (Similar to 132) Button Bypass Scroll Right [ ] Scroll Left [ ] Menu/Set Description/Function Used to inhibit all analyzer alarms to a non-alarm state, and sets the Analog 4-20 ma output to 2 ma. The Bypass LED illuminates when Bypass mode is enabled. Used to move the cursor to the right. Also used to SAVE Configuration adjustments. Used to move the cursor to the left. Also used to CANCEL Configuration adjustments. Used to cycle through the menu options. Also used to increase numerical values when making configuration adjustments Table 4. Analyzer Display-button Functions Page 28

36 INTEGRATED CONFIGURATION ENVIRONMENT (ICE) Minimum Requirements Operating System Processor Video Memory Storage Media Input Resolution Windows Updates Windows XP/Vista/7 with latest service pack Intel Pentium III or greater 128MB or greater 2 GB RAM (1 GB Windows XP) 1 GB available hard drive space Install from supplied USB Drive Keyboard and mouse required. Other input devices are not supported. 800 x 600 minimum display resolution.net Framework 3.5 or greater Introduction ICE is Envent Engineering s Windows based user interface software developed specifically for set up, configuration and troubleshooting analyzers. It provides: Advanced diagnostics Chromatogram diagnostics o Overlay o Zoom o best fit Designed for use with advanced electronic platform for trace component analysis Multicomponent analysis with dual calibration tables for analysis of diverse stream compositions Hundreds of sequential chromatograms for use by technicians in a single file o Live mode GC o Simulated Analysis mode o Offsite post analysis and troubleshooting Page 29

37 ICE Layout Figure 18. ICE Software Layout Title Bar As in most MS Windows applications, this allows the user to control the appearance of the window, move or exit the window. ICE leverages this feature to display a file name (if there is configuration files open) that will also be reflected in a task bar on the computer. Menu Bar A menu bar has been created in an attempt to support standard windows key combinations such as Alt-f s (for saving a file) and standard notation such as indicating that a dialog box will appear to accept user input. Included in the menu bar are a number of useful shortcuts. All the buttons are accompanied by popup tips that appear when the mouse hovers over the button. ICONS (from left to right) provide the following functions: Create new file Open existing file Page 30

38 Save file Select communication port Connect to analyzer Read data from analyzer Write data to analyzer Synchronize analyzer clock to PC Communications address of analyzer (for TCP/IP addressing) Selection ICE provides several Work Pad sheets used for GC configuration, GC Operation, GC Reports and Archiving, as well as GC Diagnostics. This window pane organizes those sheets and options into manageable sections for ease of location. Work Pad Rather than looking at an overwhelming number of things all at the same time, ICE splits the configuration, reporting and diagnostic functions into sheets of work that can be focused on one at time. Example, when setting up a calibration, the only information on the work sheet is analyzers calibration and timed events. Connecting to Gas Chromatograph Step 1. Ensure GC is powered and area is declassified with a hot work permit (if required). Step 2. Attach supplied serial cable to the analyzer. Step 3. Copy ICE from the supplied USB drive to your PC. Step 4. Double click to start ICE. Step 5. Click and select the appropriate communication port. Step 6. Click to connect to the GC. Step 7. Click to read the device configuration from the GC into ICE. Page 31

39 Set Date/Time in Analyzer The gas chromatograph is factory calibrated in (UTC-07:00) Mountain Time (US & Canada). To synchronize the Gas Chromatographs date and time to the PC: Step 1. Click labeled Sync. device to PC Device Files (*.device) The device file is the application file containing all the configuration information for the gas chromatograph. The factory configure device file will be included on a separate USB key. Create a New Device File Step 1. Click File -> New or Click to create a new device file. Step 2. Select New Device Type. Note: Consult Factory for latest Revision Numbers. Page 32

40 Step 3. Click OK to continue creating New Device File. Open an Existing Device File Step 1. Click File -> Open or Click to open an existing device file. Step 2. Select Device File and Click Open. Upload a Device File from the GC Step 1. Click. Note: Device File has completed loading from the GC once the status bar has stopped updating. Page 33

41 Save a Device File Step 1. Click File->Save or Click File->SaveAs or Click to save the Device File. Step 2. If Save As was selected or if the device file was loaded from GC, the user will be prompted to select the designated folder and create a file name for the device file. Recommended naming conventions are: o o AsFound SITELOCATION DD MMM YYYY.device AsLeft SITELOCATION DD MMM YYYY.device Page 34

42 Close a Device File Step 1. Click File->Close Note: Ensure all polling has stopped before closing the Device File. Import a Device File The Import function is to be used when updating from an older revision of software or hardware as there could be compatibility errors from the previous version of device files. Step 1. Click File->Import Page 35

43 Step 2. Select File to Import and Click Open Write a Device File to the GC Note: Before writing a device file to the GC, ensure the GC is in idle state (see Abort Analysis on page 77). It is also recommended that the As Found device file from GC is uploaded (see Upload a Device File from the GC on page 33) and saved (see Save a Device File on page 34). Step 1. Click Step 2. Before continuing with configuration changes ensure the status bar has completed the write command. Chart Files (*.chart) Click Analyzer Diagnostics to bring up the diagnostics screen in the work pad. The chart file is a collection of chromatograms generated within ICE. It provides a graphical depiction of the detector output and is the most significant diagnostic tool used for setup, calibration, optimization and operations of a gas chromatograph. Each chromatogram is associated with a raw data report, analysis report and calibration report. Create a new Chart File/Open an Existing Chart File Step 1. Click in the Analyzer Diagnostics window. Page 36

44 Step 2. Either type a name for the chart file and click open or select saved chart file and click open. Recommended naming conventions are: o SITELOCATION DD MMM YYYY.chart Save a Chart File Step 1. In the Analyzer Diagnostics window, ensure the recording state is disabled. Step 2. Click the arrow next to the open chart file button. Step 3. Select Save or Save As Step 4. If you selected Save As, type a file name and click Save. Page 37

45 Open a Comparative Chart File Step 1. In the Analyzer Diagnostics window, ensure the recording state is disabled (see Analyzer Diagnosticson page 78). Step 2. Click Step 3. Select a chart file. Note: A second colored Chromatogram appears in the chart. Page 38

46 Close a Chart File Step 1. In the Analyzer Diagnostics window, ensure the recording state is disabled. Step 2. Click the arrow next to the open chart file button. Step 3. Select Close. Close a Comparative Chart File Step 1. Click the arrow next to the open comparative chart file button. Step 2. Select Close Chart file name. Page 39

47 Device Programmer (*.hex) Device programmer is used to update the firmware in the GC. EEProm replacement is not required to update firmware in the field. Before using the device programmer consult the factory. Step 1. Connect to GC (see Connecting to Gas Chromatograph on page 31) Step 2. Save current device file (see Save a Device File on page 34) Step 3. Click File- >Device Programmer Step 4. Click in the device programmer window Step 5. Select hex file and click open Page 40

48 Step 6. Click Step 7. When completed the device programmer window will display Programming Device Successful, click Step 8. Import the previously saved device file (see Import a Device File on page 35). Step 9. Write the device file to GC (see Write a Device File to the GC on page 36). Page 41

49 GC Configuration System Events The Gas Chromatograph is an event driven analyzer. Events are used to define the following functions: what intervals archives, calculations and statistics are recorded stream switching events and intervals (such as auto calibration) when alarms, DI s and DO s become active or inactive when the system goes to idle or bypass Click Events to bring up the events setup window in the work pad. Events can be added, deleted and modified. Note: After modifying and deleting events ensure all events that were setup are still valid. Add Event Step 1. Double click next to the * to create a new event. Step 2. Click the arrow next to an event to bring up a menu to select an event. Modify Event Step 1. Click the arrow next to an event and select a new event class or modify the event attributes. Page 42

50 Modify Event Attribute Example Step 1. Click the event to modify (in this example, we are modifying the Interval event). Step 2. Click the arrow in the attributes window. Step 3. Select the interval. Delete Event Step 1. Click the box next to the event labeled ## of 32. Step 2. Click Delete on your Keyboard Page 43

51 Pivot Table Defines the components to be measured and referred to in the component table found in the calibration work pad. To setup the pivot table follow the following steps: Step 1. In the pivot table work pad, type a name of the component in the Name column. You may also type a further description if required in the description column. Note: Components will appear in the calibration table and in reports in the order assigned by the pivot table. Step 2. Under the Cal. Table column, click the arrow next to the associated table and select from three options: Table 1 Component is only associated with calibration table 1. Table 2 Component is only associated with calibration table 2. All Tables Component is associated with both calibration tables. Page 44

52 Step 3. Under the Component Anchor column, select the component (if available) to which the physical properties for the component are to be anchored with. Physical Properties Calculations This is the area where physical properties can be defined for additional calculations based on the compositional measurements provided by the GC. Setup Physical Property Calculations Step 1. Click Basic Setup Tab Step 2. In the Basic Setup work pad, select from three different physical property calculations: o ISO 6976 o AGA 5 Imperial o AGA 5 Metric (SI) Step 3. Enter the base conditions: Standard Temperature, Base Temperature and Base Pressure. Page 45

53 Step 4. If applicable, determine the C6+ split between Hexane, Heptane, Octane, Nonane and Decane. Step 5. Click Update Properties for the default physical property calculations. Step 6. Click Physical Properties Tab to verify the physical properties. Step 7. Select the calibration table to associate the physical property. All streams associated with that calibration table will report those physical properties selected. Step 8. If applicable assign a constants anchor to the physical property. If assigned, the physical property values will be updated from either the AGA 5 standards or ISO 6976 standards when Update Properties is clicked (Step 5). Note: Additional physical properties can be added without a constant anchor. The user will have to manually input component property values individually. Streams The Streams work pad is used to setup stream switching, type, associated cal. table, outputs and run count. Page 46

54 Stream Setup Step 1. Type Stream Name Step 2. Select Stream Type by clicking the arrow under the stream type column. There are four available stream types: 1. Process The process streams to be analyzed 2. Calibration A NIST traceable standard used to calibrate one of the GC calibration tables. 3. Reference Running calibration gas as an unknown to verify repeatability or linearity. 4. Baseline Running analysis without sample inject for a baseline check. Step 3. Set Purge Time. The purge time must be long enough for an adequate purge of the sample loop when switching streams. Purge time betgins when the Purge Next timed event is scheduled or at the end of analysis. Step 4. Select Cal. Table. Two calibration tables are available to allow for diverse stream compositions to be measured. Select the calibration table that is associated to the stream. Step 5. Select Purge Outputs. Used primarily for stream switching. Select the appropriate solenoid or valve to activate stream (if required). A number of other options are available to notify when a stream has begun to purge (relay, virtual point, LED). Page 47

55 Step 6. Select Telemetry Outputs. Used primarily for actions taken while a particular stream is running. Step 7. Select Stream Activation(s). Activation events are created in the Events work pad (see System Events on page 42). When an event is selected, a box will pop up that allows the user to select how many runs will occur on that stream before another stream will be run. In general, only Continuous, Manual Activation or Intervals are used for stream selection. Intervals vary from seconds to yearly events. Step 8. Set Valid Run Count (if applicable for calibration streams only). Setup Manual Calibration Step 1. Create a Manual Activation Event (see Add Event on page 42). Step 2. Edit the Manual Activation Attribute (see Modify Event on page 42) to the desired calibration stream. Page 48

56 Step 3. Click the Streams tab to enter the Streams work pad. Step 4. Setup a calibration stream (see Stream Setup on page 47 steps 1-6) Step 5. When selecting the activation event, select the manual activation event for that stream. Step 6. Set the run count to 3 (or greater) Step 7. Set the valid run count to 2 (or at most 1 less than the run count) Step 8. Click Setup Auto Calibration Auto Calibration is an event where a calibration is automatically run at a chosen time or interval. The following steps will allow the user to properly configure an auto calibration. Step 1. Click the Events tab to enter the Events work pad. Step 2. Create an Interval Event (see Add Event on page 42) Step 3. Edit the Interval Attribute (see Modify Event on page 42) to the desired interval (typically Daily at 8am). Step 4. Click the Streams tab to enter the Streams work pad Step 5. Setup a calibration stream (see G.9.4.a Steps 1-6) Step 6. When selecting the Activation event, select the interval event created Page 49

57 Step 7. Set the run count to 3 (or greater) Step 8. Set the valid run count to 2 (or at most 1 less than the run count) Step 9. Click Analog Inputs There are two analog inputs available in the GC. They are internal analog signals reserved for GC oven temperature and detector input (TCD). Note: Consult factory before attempting any modifications. Analog Outputs There are two available analog outputs for configuration. Analog outputs can be assigned to any calculated or real time variable within the analyzer. Setup Analog Outputs Step 1. Click the Analog Outputs tab to open the Analog Outputs work pad. Step 2. Drag a variable from the variables tab to the Variable Column, either 1 of 3 or 2 of 3. Page 50

58 Step 3. Select Enabled in the Track Mode Column. Step 4. Select the appropriate Input Zero and Input Span. Step 5. Setup Output Zero (see Setup Analog Outputs on page 50) Step 6. Setup Output Span (see Setup Analog Outputs on page 50) Setup Output Zero & Output Span: Step 1. Click Base Diagnostics tab to open Base Diagnostics work pad. Step 2. Click Step 3. Set the Simulated Output to 0.00 for the AO #1. Step 4. Adjust the Output Zero until 4 ma is displayed on the multi-meter (or HMI/PLC) Step 5. Set Simulated Output to full scale (Input Span set in see Setup Analog Outputs on page 50) Step 6. Adjust the Output Span until 20 ma is displayed on the multi-meter (or HMI/PLC) Step 7. Set Simulated Output to midscale. Approximately 12 ma should be displayed. Step 8. Click Step 9. Repeat for AO #2 Step 10. Click Step 11. Click Analog Outputs tab to enter Analog Outputs work pad. Page 51

59 Step 12. Ensure Output Zero and Output Span have been updated for the AO #1 and AO #2. Step 13. Click Discrete Inputs Discrete inputs (DI) can be used for external inputs such as switches or toggles (typically used for carrier pressure switch). Typically used for alarming conditions, stream switching or to turn the GC analysis on or off. Discrete Outputs Discrete outputs can be either relay outputs, configured as NC/NO (total of 4), or solenoid outputs, configured as NC/NO (total of 4). Typical applications utilize S1-S4 solenoid outputs for stream switching or GC valve actuation. S4 defaults to GC valve actuation and S1 S3 defaults to stream 1 to stream 3 select (calibration included). In some applications, S3 can be used as a second GC valve output if required. Where greater than 4 solenoid outputs are required, a valve expander board is available and driven from the stepper motor outputs to give an addition 4 DO s/switching AC power. These additional 4 outputs are referenced in software as V1-V4. Page 52

60 Setup Oven Temperature PID Parameters Step 1. Click Calculations Tab to enter the Calculations work pad. Step 2. Select the variable Core/Analog Inputs/Oven Temp./Output Value from the variables tab and drag and drop it into the Calculations work pad under variable #1 column. Page 53

61 Step 3. Select PID in the Calculator Unary Complex column. Step 4. Select Interval Every Sample in the Activation column. Step 5. Under the Output Value window, enter the desired values for the PID parameters: Set point (Oven Temperature oc) Proportion (default 2.0) Integral (default ) Derivative (default 0.0) Windup Limit default (10) Step 6. Click to save changes to the GC. Page 54

62 Alarms Add alarms Step 1. Click Alarms tab to enter Alarms work pad. Step 2. Drag and drop an alarm variable from the variables tab to the variable column. Step 3. Create a description. Step 4. Select Step 5. Set the desired Set point. Step 6. Set the Hysteresis. The Hysteresis is the point in which the alarm will deactivate. Step 7. Check if the Alarm should be latched when activated. This means the alarm will stay active until unlatched using the ICE software. This is typically used to ensure an alarm is not missed. Step 8. Select any Output Controls as necessary. (Relays, LEDs, Solenoids, Valves, Virtual Points). Page 55

63 Delete Alarm Step 1. Click ## of 32 under the first column for the alarm to be deleted. Step 2. Click delete on the keyboard. Step 3. Click to save changes to the GC. Display Add Display Item Step 1. Click the display tab to enter the display work pad. Step 2. Drag and drop a variable from the variables tab to the display work pad. Step 3. Add a descriptor to the variable. Step 4. Click to save changes to the GC. Page 56

64 Delete Display Item Step 1. Click ## of 24 under the first column for the display item to be deleted. Step 2. Click delete on the keyboard. Step 3. Click to save changes to the GC. Modbus Communications Setup Modbus Step 1. Click communications tab to bring up the Modbus register assignment work pad. Step 2. Select the type of Modbus communications: Daniel/Enron Modbus Modicon 32 Modbus Modicon 16 Modbus (NOT RECOMMENDED) Step 3. Select the communications unit address (commonly referred to as unit id, com id, etc ) Step 4. Drag and drop items into the registers from the variables tab. Page 57

65 Step 5. Click to save changes to the GC. Remove Register Variable: Step 1. Select the Modbus register to be removed. Step 2. Click delete on the keyboard. Step 3. Click to save changes to the GC. Archives There are six available archives which can store up to 4MB worth of data. The default archives are as follows: GC Oven Performance (1 month of data) o Oven Temperature o Ambient Temperature o Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) GC Stream Compositions for all streams (1-6 months of data) o Stream Compositions o Total Un-normalized Mole % o Physical Property Calculations (as required) Page 58

66 Setup Archive Step 1. Create a descriptive archive name. Step 2. Select the type of activation (when the archive logs) Step 3. Drag and drop variables from the variables tab into the items list. Page 59

67 Step 4. Select an appropriate amount of maximum records to be stored. Note: The capacity consumed and remaining is displayed above the archive setup. Do not exceed 100% capacity. Step 5. Click to save changes to the GC. Page 60

68 Remove Archive Variable: Step 1. Click the arrow to view items. Step 2. Unclick the checkbox to remove item. Step 3. Click to save changes to the GC. Statistics The following statistics can be provided: Current Value Current Value Timestamp Minimum Value Minimum Value Timestamp Maximum Value Maximum Value Timestamp Average Value (rolling average) Accumulated Value Sample Count (how many counts has it been since a reset has occurred) These values can be used for Modbus or archives once a statistic is created (see Add Statistic on page 61). Add Statistic Step 1. Click the statistics tab to enter the statistics work pad. Step 2. Drag and drop a variable from the variables tab to the statistics work pad. Page 61

69 Step 3. Select an Activation Event and a Reset Event. The activation event is when the statistic will log. The reset event is when the statistic variables will restart at 0. Step 4. Click to save changes to the GC. Delete Statistic Step 4. Click ## of 32 under the first column for the statistic to be deleted. Page 62

70 Step 5. Click delete on the keyboard. Step 6. Click to save changes to the GC. Calibration Tables There are two available calibration tables which each contain one component table and associated timed events. Component Table The component tables are where the measurements are defined and the analytical methods are configured for each peak. Page 63

71 Normalized Analysis vs. Un-normalized Analysis: During calibration the GC records the total area for the sum of all peaks identified in the component table and integrated. Once the sums of all legitimate peak areas are determined, they are stored as 100% for comparison purposes in subsequent analysis. During normal analysis, any deviation from this total must be corrected back to 100% based on the measured compositions. Normalization can be turned on/off in the component table. Cal Gas Mole %: Enter mole % values from the certified calibration gas. Generally there are two reported concentrations a target mixture and certified (actual) mixture. Enter the actual mixture mole %. Retention Times (RT s): The time (in seconds) relative to the start of the analysis, where a given peak reaches its maximum concentration or maximum peak height. RT is used to identify and name individual components defined within the component table. Retention Time Deviations (RT Devs): RT Dev. is the range for which the peak will be found and integrated around a given RT. If a peak moves outside of this range it will no longer be considered to be a valid peak. RT Devs. are also used during a calibration. If the RT exceeds the RT Dev. for a given component then the entire calibration will fail and the old RT will be used for subsequent analysis. Page 64

72 Response Factors (RF s): RF s are used to determine Mole% concentrations for each component. Each component has its own RF which is generated during a calibration only. Thermal Conductivity Detectors (TCD s) have a different response for each component, thus a requirement for a component specific RF for every gas listed in the component table. Response Factor Deviations (RF Devs): The amount of deviation allowed when comparing the new RF to the previous (old) RF. If the RF Dev. exceeds the amount entered for any component during calibration then the entire calibration will fail and the old RF will be used for subsequent analysis ( Default to 20%). Lower Detectable Limits (LDL s): LDL s are used to eliminate false readings when the noise rises above the actual signal. LDL is entered in Peak Height from the raw data (see G.10.3). Integration Method: This is used for peak integrations and can be selected separately for each component in the component table. Select one of the following: Peak Area an integrated area calculated from auto slope detection. Peak Height a measured height from baseline to peak height. Peak Area Fixed Similar to Peak Area Integration but does not update during calibration. Peak Height Fixed Similar to Peak Height Integration but does not update during calibration. RT Update Method: User selected RT update from analysis or from calibration. If RT update is selected from analysis the RT for that particular peak will be updated each analysis as long as the component RT falls within the RT Dev. limits for and during Calibration. If selected from calibration then RT update will only occur during calibration. Page 65

73 Analysis Time This is the time in seconds that the analysis will be completed and timed event codes are configured to operate. The analysis time is reset to zero at the completion of the analysis run. Timed Events These are the specific events denoted by a downward tick in the Chromatogram screen that occur within the analysis. These are the specific events denoted by a downward tick in the Chromatogram screen that occur within the analysis. Inhibit ON/OFF: Inhibit ON/OFF timed event inhibits the auto slope detection and subsequent peak integrations. Peaks cannot be integrated and stored in Raw data if they occur during an inhibit on time. DetectGain: Detect Gain sets the detector sensitivity for peak integration. A peak must have a peak width of at least the detector gain limit to be considered a valid peak. FilterSync: Filter Sync is signal averaging. Too much filtering will average out potentially valid peaks while not enough filtering allows for random noise peaks to cause error in peak integration. Purge Next: Purge Next sets the purge time with the next stream in sequence as defined by the stream sequencing queue (see Run Stream Sequence on page 76). Purge Next must be set after completion of sample injection. SampleShutoff: Sample Shutoff is used in conjunction with Purge Next (when a stream selector is used for stream switching). It allows for the sample being injected to become referenced to atmospheric pressure. This will cause the un-normalized mole % to be more consistent for each consecutive analysis. Page 66

74 Solenoids & Valves: Solenoid and valve timed events are used for: Sample shutoff when a solenoid is used to shut off sample Sample Inject GC valve actuation in multi-valve applications Summation: Summation on/off Summation forces peak integration to a specific on and off time so that numerous peaks can be integrated using auto slope detection within the summation on time All peaks integrated are combined and reported as one component or group of components based on the name defined in the component table The RT used should be the midpoint between summation on/off times. GC Reports Analysis Reports Analysis Reports can be executed from the following options: Analysis reports from the GC results from the last 25 consecutive analysis o Click from the analysis report work pad. Analysis reports from the chart file all analysis results recorded in the chart file will be displayed o Right Click in the Analyzer Diagnostic work pad. o Click GC Analysis to Reports Simulated analysis reports from the chart file all simulated analysis results recorded in the chart file will be displayed o Right Click in the Analyzer Diagnostic work pad. o Click Enable Simulation Page 67

75 o Click Simulated Analysis to Reports o ICE will open up the analysis reports work pad with a GC analysis report from chart file. Page 68

76 Figure 19. Stream 1 Analysis Report Example Figure 20. Stream 1 Analysis Report Summary Example Raw Data Reports Raw Data Reports can be executed from the following options: Raw data reports from the GC results from the last 25 consecutive analysis o Click from the analysis report work pad. Raw data reports from the chart file all raw data results recorded in the chart file will be displayed o Right Click in the Analyzer Diagnostic work pad. o Click GC Raw Data to Reports Page 69

77 Simulated raw data reports from the chart file all simulated raw data results recorded in the chart file will be displayed o Right Click in the Analyzer Diagnostic work pad. o Click Enable Simulation o Click Simulated Raw Data to Reports o ICE will open up the raw data reports work pad with a GC analysis report from chart file. Page 70

78 Figure 21. Stream 1 Raw Data Report Example Calibration Reports Calibration Reports can be executed from the following options: Calibration reports from the GC 100 s of historical calibration reports are available. o Select the number of calibration reports to read and which calibration table o Click from the calibration report work pad. Page 71

79 Figure 22. Calibration Report (Summary & Run 3 of 3) Example Page 72

80 Figure 23. Calibration Report Continued (Run 1&2 of 3) Example Page 73

81 GC Operations Control Panel The Control Panel work pad is used for critical GC operational information such as: GC stream selection Live GC oven temperature Live PWM Live board temperature Live detector (TCD) output (mv) Manual calibration Digital outputs status (valves, solenoids, relays, virtual points) Analog outputs current readings Discrete output status (Carrier pressure switch, sample pressure switch, etc ) Alarm status Analysis time GC mode (Idle, Run) Enable/Disable Polling Click to enable polling for live communication with the GC Page 74

82 Click GC. to disable polling before exiting ICE or switching to another GC Oven Temperature Control The GC oven temperature is displayed in degrees Celsius. The blue triangle points to the GC oven temperature set point. The two digital LEDs in between GC oven temperature and PWM represent the following: When GC oven is heating: o Top LED is green o Bottom LED is white When GC oven is cooling: o Top LED is white o Bottom LED is red Typical PWM readings will be: 1.0 at startup roughly o 150 Watts for less than 1 hour at typical operation (60-90 o C) o Watts GC Board Temperature The control work pad displays the GC board temperature. It can be used for alarming conditions or for a reasonable ambient temperature reading. Page 75

83 Stream Queue The stream queue provides the following information: Analysis Time GC Mode o Run o Halt Pending o Idle o Purge Stream On Analysis o Also the # of runs in the stream sequence Stream Sequence o In order of priority: Continuous Reference Auto Calibration Manual Calibration Manual Stream Select Normal Operation Run Stream Sequence Click to run the next stream in the queue. Reset Stream Sequence Click to reset the stream sequence to normal operation. Halt Analysis Click to put the GC into Idle mode at the end of the analysis. Page 76

84 Abort Analysis Click to immediately abort the current stream analysis. Abort Current Stream Click stream in the to immediately abort the current stream and run the next Clear Latches Click if alarms are set to latch when activated. Run Analysis Click stream queue. to run next analysis, either current stream or from the next stream in the Manually Select Stream Click to manually activate a stream. Click to run a manual calibration. Run Stream as Reference Stream Click the Continuous check box to run the stream continuously as a reference stream. Page 77

85 Discrete Input/Output Status Discrete Input and Outputs will turn red when energized and grey when de-energized. Discrete Outputs: Discrete Output Status: Discrete Input Status Analyzer Diagnostics All diagnostics and Chromatogram display utilities are found in this workpad. This is where the *.chart file is displayed within ICE. Chromatogram display & diagnostic utilities (zoom, best fit, overlay, forced Cal, etc.) are required to troubleshoot and set up the GC. Lower Main Tool Bar- Calibration & Diagnostics: The main tool bar on bottom shows: Detector signal and time on the top bar indicate value of both based on mouse position on the screen Current analysis stream next stream in purge mode analysis time and mode (run/idle/calibration) Chart File selection on to allow for chart file open/close/save o Red button must be clicked to turn to green and to start chart logging of chromatogram Comparison Chart File allows for a comparative chart to be opened concurrently and overlaid with a current chart for reference purposes. A typical example is to use a factory original chart as a comparative chart to note changes over time in peak retention time indicating long term column performance or similar advanced diagnostics functions. Page 78

86 o Multiple charts are opened for comparison purposes IE factory calibration chart verses current chart Basic Chromatogram Utilities are: Zoom Functions- By locating the mouse/cursor on the top left corner of desired zoom area left click to mark the anchor point and drop cursor to the lower right point and release at the lower right desired zoom location as shown below. Dotted line will show the zoom area prior to release. Page 79

87 Best Fit Function- Used in conjunction with zoom function to scale the desired area to the screen. Best fit works well when small peaks are located in the zoom area and the user wants to magnify them to an appropriate scale for viewing Note: The best fit function will auto-scale to the largest peak so very small peaks will be magnified along with baseline noise. Example: Zoom function without best fit. Example: Zoom function with use of the best fit function. Page 80

88 Reset Function- Returns the scaling to original (home) position o Can be used if user zoom or Bets Fit Functions magnify too far & user cannot identify location of relevant Chromatogram. Chromatogram Overlay Function- Note Blue & Red bars and lower mid button for selection of second (or third, fourth, etc.) chromatogram for overlay/display. Commonly used for comparisons against a known factory Calibration or field calibration to visually troubleshoot GC. Right Click Mouse Functions: Points- toggles between raw data points on a chromatogram trace or data points connected by lines Disable Data Filter- Enable Simulation- Allows viewing of chromatogram with theoretical results from changes made to the Calibration table BUT NOT WRITTEN TO THE GC. IE simulated results performed offline from live or historical detector input with simulated analysis and raw data based on component table currently in ICE running on a laptop but not written into the GC. This can be useful for applications development by experienced chromatographers & is not recommended for use by inexperienced measurement technicians. o Forced Calibration can be performed when in simulation mode and written to the Page 81

89 GC. When using the forced simulation function the user must be aware that all RT and RF deviation limits are bypassed and the revised RT & RF values can be written directly into the component tables in simulation mode BUT these new values are not written into the GC until the write function is used on the upper tool bar top write the new *.device file into the GC. It s very important to remember that all simulation functions are performed offline until the write function is selected to change the GC device file. Simulation can be used to try different parameters and view what the actual results would have been using actual historical detector data. GC Analysis to Reports- Shows analysis reports from the chromatogram file not directly from the GC. Used offline in applications development GC Raw Data toi Reports- Shows Raw Data reports from the chromatogram file not directly from the GC. Used offline in applications development. Delete Current Chromatogram- Deletes the displayed chromatogram from the chart file Select Chromatogram by Comment- allows user to select one of hundreds of chromatograms from a chart file based on comments imbedded in the chromatograms Select Chromatogram by number- allows user to select one of hundreds of chromatograms from a chart file based on the number selected Show Report Group- Shows the Analysis results Report, Raw Data Report specific to that individual Chromatogram. Also shows the latest Calibration report used for analysis of the results Page 82

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91 CALIBRATION The calibration functions are under the operations menu in ICE. There are three types of calibrations available: Automatic Calibration- based on time to initiate calibration to update RF & RT values for each component, provided that all new values fall within the limits identified in the component table Manual Calibration- same as auto calibration except initiated by operations personnel logged onto the GC with ICE PC based software. Manual calibration is not time based. Forced Calibration- The forced Calibration function is available only under the right click mouse functions in the analyzer diagnostics menu for use when viewing chromatograms. Because a calibration should only make minor adjustments to Response factors and retention times there are limits that are set in the component table to allow for minor adjustments only. If major adjustments are required it s likely that other factors are causing problems that need to be remedied before a calibration is performed. Forced calibration allows users to bypass these safeguards. Other than the RF and RT deviation limits forced Calibration is the same as same as manual/automatic calibration. o Users should use CAUTION when using forced calibration and accept new values only after careful review of the relevant chromatograms and raw data to ensure all peaks are properly identified based on RT and concentrations reported are reasonable based on peak areas reported in raw data reports and the calibration concentrations used in the calibration standard. The primary purpose of a calibration is to update response factors for each component listed in the component table. Responses factors determine the concentration of each component. Retention times identify each component by name. Mole % concentrations are determined with the following calculation: Response Factor (RF) Peak Area (A) Mole % Calibration Concentration (CalGas%) RF = A/CalGas% Mole% = A/RF A secondary purpose of calibration is to update the retention time for each component listed in the component table. The user has the ability to update RT based on calibration only or based on analysis AND calibration. This is configured in the component table shown below under RT Update. Page 84

92 All calibrations will generate a calibration report and update response factors for each component at the completion of the final calibration. Calibration runs (consecutive analysis of calibration gas) can be configured for numerous runs with the final calibration calculations and reporting resulting in the average RF and RT values for each calibration run. These averaged values are then checked against the deviation limits for each component listed in the component table to determine if they will be accepted in manual or auto calibration mode. If any single component has a deviation beyond the defined limits for RF or RT the entire calibration will be aborted and the old values will be retained for manual or auto calibrations. Forced calibration will allow these new values to be accepted independent of the deviations between new and old factors. Calibration Procedure Ensure a suitable calibration gas and a single stage stainless steel regulator with the correct CGA fitting is available. Ensure the regulator is rated for calibration cylinder pressure. Recommended calibration gas for calibration purposes should specify Primary or (certified) mixtures with all components representative of the stream compositions. The Application Data Sheet contains Target mixtures for calibration gas based on the individual application (for trace components it is recommended that the calibration concentration be higher than the typical concentrations found during normal operations). Page 85

93 Validating the Calibration As mentioned in above the GC calibration is performed either manually automatically or by forced calibration under the diagnostics menu. Once the calibration has been completed, the user needs to review the calibrations status (fail verses success). If successful, a secondary review of the following parameters is recommended: Review sample flow and carrier gas pressures relative to original factory calibration data. Review RT Dev. and RT Dev. for each component Use Chromatogram overlay functions to compare new calibration chromatograms to factory original OR user-saved Good Chromatograms from the same GC from previous calibrations. Analyzer Cal gas or additional reference gas as an unknown to compare with certified as found OR as analyzed results on the bottle Page 86

94 TROUBLESHOOTING & MAINTENANCE Troubleshooting The following are examples of typical field troubleshooting TCD Preamp board- Chromatogram shows the top of peaks with unusually flat baseline. o Confirm that the millivolt (mv) reading, as shown on Chromatogram diagnostics screen under signal, is greater than 100 mv. To display mv reading, move cursor to baseline and note mv reading on top toolbar to the right of Analysis Time Maintenance The following maintenance procedures are required to validate proper GC operations and maintain performance: During start up, store and maintain all factory calibration reports and operational parameters shipped with the GC for future reference Check Helium Pressure to insure minimum pressure of 100 psig is maintained Check Calibration Gas to ensure minimum pressure of 10 psig is maintained o Also check to ensure Calibration gas is kept warm enough to ensure the heaviest components listed on the certification tab will not condense in the calibration o bottle due to cold ambient temperatures As a general rule of thumb for Natural Gas Applications, the minimum ambient temperature that needs to be maintained on the calibration gas is -10 C (8 F) with C6+ at 300 ppm or less and Pentanes ( C5) at 0.2 mole % or less Check Calibration reports to ensure all RF and RT values do not exceed the deviation limits in the component table o Pay particular attention to back flush peaks like C6+ Also note which component have the greatest deviations in final calibration reports. Check against original factory reports Check Raw Data reports to confirm that the component with the largest deviation amounts is a valid peak with peak areas or heights similar to original factory parameters Check carrier gas Pressure (usually Helium) on the third stage carrier pressure regulator and pressure gauge- Compare to original operational parameters Check Chromatograms against original chromatograms from factory Calibration using overlay functions o o o Ensure all peaks are eluting at similar retention times and that baseline separation is maintained between peaks relative to original factory chromatograms Note back flush peak relative to factory originals Save *.chart files with chromatograms from valid calibrations and with comments at least once per year Page 87

95 Sample Conditioning System Cleaning Procedure During start-up or plant upset situations, the 131/132 model GC analyzer may become contaminated with amine or hydrogen sulfide scavenger solution. This may cause the analyzer to read low (this can be determined at calibration). If the analyzer reads low, it will require incremental increases in the gain to maintain calibration. Please refer to factory calibration sheet for factory set gain factor. The scavenger solution is water soluble and therefore is relatively easy to clean. Material List Cleaning Kit Alconox RBS Solid, powdered precision cleaner w/ MSDS (2.5 tbsp) Do not use solvents, brake cleaners, soaps, detergents or rubbing alcohol to clean up analyzer or sample system. Procedure 1. Mix a 1% (2-1/2 tbsp per gallon) of Alconox in warm water 2. Sample line tubing Shut off flow at the sample point prior to sample conditioning system Flush the sample line and components with cleaning solution Rinse with fresh water Flush with isopropyl alcohol Dry with clean, dry instrument air or gas 3. Sample conditioning system Take pictures of SCS before disassembling Remove filter elements from filter housings and discard Remove all sample conditioning system components and soak in cleaning solution Ensure valves are fully open when cleaning Flush sample components with fresh water Rinse with isopropyl alcohol Blow dry with clean compressed air or fuel gas If the clear Vinyl tubing appears discolored, replace the tubing. Page 88

96 Disassembly of the pressure regulator and solenoids in the field is not advised. Consult the factory if the regulator or solenoid appears contaminated. 4. Re-assemble Stainless Steel Tubing to analyzer according to analyzer drawing, refer to pictures taken before disassembling or refer to drawing package. 5. Once sample conditioning system has been re-assembled, apply calibration gas to the analyzer. Page 89

97 APPENDIX A: RECOMMENDED SPARE PARTS LIST Part Number GC Module Part Description Field Replaceable and Field Serviceable Dual Valve GC module pre- calibrated to The application with Cal data Device file and Chart file included DV port diaphragm valve Set of 5 membranes for inlet filter Box of 10 coalescing filters S APPENDIX B: CHICO A SEALING COMPOUND For Sealing Fittings in Hazardous Locations Installation & Maintenance Information Page 90